Type Of Birth Research Articles

Demography and epidemiology of captive former biomedical research chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) 1: Survival and mortality.

Accurate and up-to-date data on longevity and mortality are essential for describing, analyzing, and managing animal populations in captivity. We assembled a comprehensive demography data set and analyzed survival and mortality patterns in a population of captive former biomedical research chimpanzees. The study synthesized over 51,000 life-years of demographic data collected on 2349 individuals between 1923 and 2014. Our goal was to assess the population's current age-sex composition, estimate rates of survivorship, mortalityand life expectancy, and compare findings withother chimpanzee populations of interest. Results indicated an increasingly geriatric contemporary population declining in size. The median life expectancy (MLE) of the entire population was 32.6 years (males 29.1, females 36.1). For chimpanzees who reached 1year of age, the MLE increased to 34.9 years (males 31.0, females 38.8). Survival probability was influenced by both sex and birth type. Females exhibited greater survivorship than males (β1 = -0.34, z = -5.74, p < 0.001) and wild-born individuals exhibited greater survivorship than captive-born individuals (β2 = -0.55, z = -5.89, p < 0.001). There was also a seasonal trend in mortality, wherein more individuals died during the winter months (December-February) compared withother seasons. Analyses of life expectancy over time showed continual increases in both median age of living individuals and median age at death, suggesting that these chimpanzees have yet to reach their full aging potential in a postresearch environment. As they continue to age, ongoing monitoring and analysis of demographic changes will be necessary for science-based population and program management until extinction occurs some decades in the future.

Selected Factors of Experiencing Pregnancy and Birth in Association with Postpartum Depression.

The aim of the study is to analyse the risk of postpartum depression using dimensions of perceived support (information, emotional, and physical), antenatal education (satisfaction and attitude), and attitude toward pregnancy (wanted or unwanted). A cross-sectional study was carried out among 584 postpartum women in two university birth centres in Slovakia. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score was used. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance, as well as logistic regression, were employed in the study. Found associations were adjusted for education level, type of birth, psychiatric history, and age. As many as 95.1% of women reported their pregnancy as being wanted. Antenatal education, particularly satisfaction with it, showed a negative association with the EPDS score level. No significant differences in depression levels were found considering attitude toward pregnancy and perceived support. The study pointed out the significance of antenatal education to lower the risk of the postpartum depression. One of the important criteria of effective education is a woman's subjective satisfaction with it.

Genetic Parameters of Growth Traits and Quantitative Genetic Metrics for Selection and Conservation of Mecheri Sheep of Tamil Nadu.

Determining the genetic and non-genetic sources of variation in a breed is vital for the formulation of strategies for its conservation and improvement. The present study was aimed at estimating the (co)variance components and genetic parameters of Mecheri sheep by fitting six different animal models in the restricted maximum likelihood method, with a preliminary investigation on the performance of animals for non-genetic sources of variation. A total of 2616 lambs were studied, and varying levels of significance were found for the effects of period, season, parity of dam, and birth type on different body-weight traits. Direct heritability estimates derived from the best animal model for body weight at birth, three months, six months, nine months, and twelve months were 0.21, 0.24, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.09, respectively, and the maternal heritability of the corresponding traits was 0.12, 0.05, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.04, respectively. The genetic correlations between the body-weight traits were all positive and moderate-to-strong, except for the correlation between birth weight and the other body-weight traits. The significance of non-genetic factors studied in this work demanded a correction to improve the accuracy of the direct selection of lambs for body-weight traits. The estimated genetic parameters identified the weaning weight as a selection criterion for the improvement in body weight of Mecheri lambs at different ages. Inbred individuals accounted for approximately 13% of the total population in the Mecheri sheep population studied. There were 877 founders in the population, and the actual effective population size was 128.48. The population's mean generation interval was 3.26. The mean inbreeding values ranged from 0.005 to 0.010 across generations. The population's average relatedness ranged from 0.001 to 0.014 across generations. Individual inbreeding was found to be 0.45 per cent for the entire population and 3.4 per cent for the inbred population.

On-farm performance evaluation of Maale goats under agro-pastoral management in Southwest Ethiopia

This study was conducted in Maale district Southwest Ethiopia with the objective of evaluating the productive and reproductive performance of Maale goats under agro-pastoral management conditions. Thirty households that have flocks numbers of more than ten were purposely selected and monitored from July 2018 to July 2019. Growth data of birth weight, three month, six month, nine month and yearly weight; birth type and parity were collected. The data were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure of SPSS (21). The overall mean birth weight of the kids was 2.57±0.05 kg (males 2.68±0.07 and females 2.47±0.07 kg). The weaning and six months weight of kids was significantly different (p&lt;0.05) between sexes of kids with 7.66±0.25 and 6.90±0.23 kg for male and female kids, respectively. The average body weight of males and females for six months; nine months and yearly were 11.57±0.30, 10.42±0.28; 15.42±0.27, 14.69±0.25 and 19.03±0.28, 18.43±0.25 kg, respectively. The birth type showed a significant (p&lt;0.05) difference in birth weight. The result further indicated that the weaning weight of single and twin kids was highly significant (p&lt; 0.001) and recorded as 7.66±0.25 and 6.90±0.23 kg, respectively. The overall pre-weaning average daily gain was 51.64±1.89 g day-1 (54.47±2.81 male and 48.93±2.53 g day-1 female). The birth type was significantly (p=0.01) different in pre-weaning growth rate and recorded 57.24±1.63 and 45.24±3.59 g day-1 for single and twin kids, respectively. Twins had higher post-weaning average daily gain than single and recorded as 43.61±1.48 and 40.76 ±0.70 g day-1, respectively. It was concluded that, along with other management interventions, the reproduction and growth performance of Maale goats is reasonably good and suited for community-based breeding strategies and higher performance could be expected. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(2): 7-13, December 2022

Breastfeeding rates fell in an Italian baby friendly hospital during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic year and difficulties increased.

Our aim was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breastfeeding at discharge in a Baby Friendly hospital in 2020. This study retrospectively compared healthy neonates born in 2019 with those born in 2020 at the Baby Friendly San Bonifacio Hospital in Verona, Italy. We also compared those born to mothers who tested negative and positive for the virus that causes COVID-19. Breastfeeding support practices, nationality and type of birth were evaluated. The outcomes were type of breastfeeding at discharge and the presence of breastfeeding difficulties. We analysed 2171 healthy neonates, which was 83.5% of those born in the hospital in 2019 and 2020, and 20 were born to mothers with the virus. Exclusive breastfeeding rates were 4.6% lower in 2020 than 2019 and breastfeeding difficulties rose by 10.1%. Mixed feeding, at the mother's request, and formula feeding due to medical indications, increased by 5.9% and 18.1% respectively. Most of the Baby Friendly hospital practices were implemented, but prenatal and intrapartum support decreased. Exclusive breastfeeding fell during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and breastfeeding difficulties rose. These may have been due to the effect of maternal and healthcare factors during the pandemic.

Tranexamic acid for the prevention of postpartum bleeding: Protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces the risk of death and is recommended as a treatment for women with severe postpartum bleeding. There is hope that giving TXA shortly before or immediately after birth could prevent postpartum bleeding. Extending the use of TXA to prevent harmful postpartum bleeding could improve outcomes for millions of women; however, we must carefully consider the balance of benefits and potential harms. This article describes the protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of TXA for preventing postpartum bleeding, and to explore how the effects vary by underlying risk and other patient characteristics. Methods: We will search for prospectively registered, randomised controlled trials involving 500 patients or more assessing the effects of TXA in women giving birth. Two authors will extract data and assess risk of bias. IPD data will be sought from eligible trials. Primary outcomes will be life-threatening bleeding and thromboembolic events. We will use a one-stage model to analyse the data. Subgroup analyses will be conducted to explore whether the effectiveness and safety of TXA varies by underlying risk, type birth, maternal haemoglobin (Hb), and timing of TXA. Conclusions: This systematic review and IPD meta-analysis will address important clinical questions about the effectiveness and safety of the use of TXA for the prevention of postpartum bleeding that cannot be answered reliably using aggregate data and will inform the decision of who to treat. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022345775

A concurrent prenatal exercise program increases neonataland placental weight and shortens labor: TheGESTAFIT project.

To explore the influence of a supervised concurrent exercise-training program during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal birth-related outcomes and type of birth. One hundred and fifty-nine Caucasian pregnant women from the GESTAFIT project participated in this quasi-experimental study and were allocated into control [(n=86), (age 33.1 ± 4.8 years old, BMI 24.8 ± 4.1kg/m2 )] or exercise group [(n=50) (age 33.1 ± 4.1 years old, BMI: 24.7 ± 4.1kg/m2 )]. The exercise group followed a 60-min 3 days/week concurrent (aerobic and strength) training program from the 17th gestational week until birth. Maternal and neonatal birth-related outcomes (i.e., gestational age at birth, duration of labor, placental and neonatal weight and type of birth) were collected from obstetric medical records. Umbilical arterial and venous blood gas analysis were assessed after birth. The exercise group increased average duration of the first stage of labor [between-group differences (B): 80.8min, 95% confidence interval (CI), 4.18, 157.31, p=0.03] and decreased duration of the second stage of labor [between-group differences (B): 29.8min, 95% CI: -55.5, -4.17, p=0.02] compared to the control group. The exercise group showed greater placental [between-group differences (B): 53.3g (95% CI: 9.99, 96.7, p=0.01)] and neonatal [between-group differences (B): 161.8g (95% CI: 9.81, 313.8, p=0.033)] weight compared to the control group. No differences between groups were found regarding type of birth (p > 0.05). A concurrent and supervised physical exercise program during pregnancy is safe and could promote better maternal and neonatal birth-related outcomes. More studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms by which physical exercise increases neonatal and placenta weight.

An On-Station Analysis of Factors Affecting Growth Traits of Pure Red Maasai and Dorper Sheep Breeds under an Extensive Production System.

This comparative study aimed to evaluate genetic and environmental factors' effects on the growth traits of lambs in Dorper and Red Maasai (RedM) sheep breeds. The data analyzed contained the following measurements: birth weight (Bwt), weaning weight (Wwt), yearling weight (Ywt), birth type (single or twins), and details on each lamb's dam (dam ID and age) and sire. Except for the RedM, whose birth weight decreased with time, both breeds generally showed an increase in other growth weights across the study period, with yearly variations affecting both breeds. Additionally, analysis by a linear mixed model with restricted maximum likelihood (REML) showed that only breed as a factor significantly (p &lt; 0.05) influenced birth weight; breed, sex, and birth type all significantly (p &lt; 0.05) influenced weaning weight, whereas season, sex, and dam age significantly (p &lt; 0.05) influenced yearling weight. The RedM breed outperformed the Dorper breed in post-weaning growth rate, demonstrating early resilience and adaptation to local environmental factors independent of maternal influence. Breed and non-genetic factors play a vital role in the growth of lambs, and the results of this study offer an opportunity for improved farm management under an extensive production system and selection for the conservation of the indigenous Red Maasai breed.

GENETIC EVALUATION BIRTH WEIGHT AND WEANING WEIGHT OF GARUT SHEEP IN UPTD-BPPTD MARGAWATI GARUT

This research was conducted at Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Balai Pengembangan Perbibitan Ternak Domba (UPTD BPPTD) Margawati Garut on February 2014. The aim of this research was to evaluate Garut sheep genetic trait with description genetic parameter is heritability and breeding value birth weight and weaning weight of Garut Sheep in UPTD-BPPTD Margawati Garut. Data collection technique is purposive sampling. Data collected were 4128 records from 1650 dams, 78 sires, and 2064 Garut sheep, during 2005 to 2013. Variety components and the heritability value were suspected by Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) method used Animal Model pattern of direct additive genetic effect, maternal genetic effect and permanent environmant and Breeding Value estimated byBest Linier Unbiased Prediction (BLUP). Fix effect were used sex and birth type. The result of this research was heritability value of birth weight and weaning weight with direct additve genetic effect was 0.33 and 0.32 included in large category, with maternal genetic effect was 0.26 and 0.28 included in medium category. the maternal genetic value with same trait 0.12 and 0.57.heritability birth weigt and weaning weight for permanent environment was 0.23 and 0.25 wit permanent environment value 0.32 and 0.35 included in medium category. Estimated Breeding value for the three best ID number 3680, 1496, and 1138

Comparison of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Following Spontaneous and Medically Indicated Preterm Births: A Retrospective Population-Based Study Using Data from the Slovenian National Perinatal Information System 2013-2018.

BACKGROUND This retrospective population-based study analyzed data from the Slovenian National Perinatal Information System (NPIS) between 2013 and 2018 to compare neonatal morbidity and mortality following spontaneous and medically indicated preterm births. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective population-based cohort. Entries to the NPIS database were searched by gestational age (GA) <37 weeks in Slovenia between 2013 and 2018. Of 9200 (6252 following spontaneous birth, 2948 following medically indicated) neonates included, 1358 were born at extremely to very preterm GA (998 following spontaneous birth, 360 following medically indicated). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between neonatal mortality and composite severe neonatal morbidity and preterm birth type (spontaneous vs medically indicated) controlling for potential confounding variables. Analysis was first performed for all preterm births (GA 22 0/7 to 36 6/7) and later only for extremely to very preterm births (GA 22 0/7 to 31 6/7). RESULTS Neonatal mortality was significantly lower following spontaneous preterm birth at extremely to very preterm GA (odds ratio [OR] 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.14, 0.81]), while there was no association in all preterm births group (OR 0.56; 95% CI [0.26, 1.20]). No significant correlation between preterm birth type and neonatal morbidity was found (OR 0.76; 95% CI [0.54, 1.09] for all preterm births and OR 0.71; 95% CI [0.47, 1.07] for extremely to very preterm births). CONCLUSIONS In this population study from Slovenia between 2013 and 2018, medically indicated preterm births at <32 weeks of GA were associated with significantly increased neonatal mortality but not neonatal morbidity.

Is there sufficient genetic variation to breed Elsenburg Merino sheep with shorter tails?

Context Breech strike compromises wool production and welfare of Merinos. Long tails contribute to the formation of dags, increasing the risk of sheep attracting gravid blowfly females. Tail-docking is popular globally, as it reduces the incidence of dags. Breeding for a reduced tail length is a more socially accepted measure to replace tail-docking as a management strategy, since stronger legislation for animal welfare is expected. Aim The study used historic data on tail length (TL), birth weight (BW) and bodyweight at docking (DW) to estimate genetic and environmental parameters for these traits in a well known South African resource flock. Methods Merino lambs born from 2016 to 2021 (except for 2020 due to Covid-19) of the Elsenburg Merino flock were recorded for TL, BW and DW. The flock was separated by divergent selection for and against a number of lambs weaned per ewe mated in a High (H) and a Low (L) line. Fixed effects included birth year, sex, selection line, dam age and birth type. ASReml was used to analyse the fixed effects so as to obtain an operational model, before adding the random direct genetic (h2), maternal genetic (m2) and maternal permanent environmental (c2) effects. Results H-line lambs were heavier at birth and tail-docking, with longer tails than those of L-line contemporaries (all P &lt; 0.01). The line difference in TL seemed to be size-dependent, as it was eliminated by adding DW as a covariate to the analysis. The same trend was observed for sex, dam age and birth type. TL was thus affected (P &lt; 0.01) only by birth year in the latter analysis. Regressions of TL on age at tail-docking and DW were highly significant (P &lt; 0.01). Single-trait estimates of h2 were 0.26 for BW, 0.06 for DW, and 0.30 for TL. TL remained heritable at 0.38 in the analysis including DW as a covariate. Including m2 improved the random-effects model for TL (0.08) and DW (0.20). TL and DW were genetically correlated (rG = 0.47 and rM = 0.70). Conclusions TL was moderately heritable, with small m2 and non-significant c2 effects. It will be possible to directly select for TL. However, selection for shorter tails will reduce size if breeding values are not adjusted for DW as a covariate. Implications Further studies on the genetic basis of TL as well as its genetic correlations with other traits of economic importance are warranted.

Sex of co-twin in utero environment does not alter reproductive fitness of Australian Merino sheep

Context Reproductive efficiency in ewes can vary widely depending on their fertility (pregnancy rate) and fecundity (litter size) and on their ability to rear multiple litters. Litter size and sex are important factors that contribute to lamb mortality, and hence reproductive efficiency. However, little is known about their interaction when fetuses of either sex grow in utero as co-twins, nor the impact that this interaction has on subsequent performance in domestic flocks. Aims and methods We examined the effect of type of birth (single, twin) and of sex of co-twin (F, F[F], F[M], M, M[M], M[F] where the symbol within brackets indicates sex of co-twin) on birth weight, survival to weaning, weaning and hogget liveweights and scrotal circumference. In addition, reproductive performance (fertility, fecundity, lamb survival, weaning rate) of female progeny was examined as well as the performance of their lambs (birth and weaning weight). This large-scale study (&gt;13 000 lambing observations) was conducted with Australian Merino sheep from four studs, mated over nine annual cycles. Key results Sex of co-twin had no effect on birth weight and on later stages of growth. Sex of co-twin altered survival, with fewer of the M[M] class surviving to weaning compared with other co-twin classes (P &lt; 0.05). Scrotal circumference did not vary between the male classes. Although reproductive performance (fecundity, lamb survival, weaning rate) was greater in ewes twin to a male (F[M]) than in single females (F) (P &lt; 0.05), this difference could be due to greater genetic merit of twin versus single-born progeny. Conclusions Reproductive performance of females with a male co-twin exceeded that of single females; the difference could be due to greater genetic merit of twin-born ewes rather than a direct effect of in utero environment. There was no difference between females with a male co-twin and females with a co-twin of the same sex. Reproductive capacity of males was not affected by co-twin class or type of birth. Implications These results suggest that an increase in twinning rate by managerial or genetic means will not result in undesirable side effects due to sex of co-twin in utero.

Factors influencing pre- and post-weaning kleiber ratios in Sonadi sheep

A study was conducted to estimate the pre- and post-weaning Kleiber ratios (KR) with factors affecting it and genetic parameters in 743 Sonadi lambs born during 2015 to 2020 under Mega Sheep Seed Project at College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, (Rajasthan). The overall least-squares means for pre-weaning (KR1) and post-weaning (KR2) were 15.25±0.27 and 3.84±0.18, respectively. Significant (P<0.01) effect of period of birth and sex of lamb was observed on both KR1 and KR2. Season (P<0.01) and type of birth (P<0.05) effects were only significant (P<0.05) on KR1. Heritability estimates for KR1 and KR2 were 0.25±0.10 and 0.56±0.18, respectively. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between KR1 and KR2 were higher but negative. In conclusion, medium to high heritability estimates of KR offer scope for individual selection for genetic improvement in Sonadi sheep.

Siyah Diş Renklenmesi Olan Çocukların Renklenme Şiddetine ve Etkilenen Süt Dişi Sayısına Göre Değerlendirilmesi: Bir Kesitsel Çalışma

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate a group of Turkish children with black tooth stain (BTS) according to the severity of stains (SBST) and number of black stained primary teeth (NBST). Material and Methods: The children with BTS aged 4-6 years who met the inclusion criteria were selected. Teeth were examined for SBST, NBST, caries and plaque index. The demographic factors, medical and birth history, nutritional status, habits in infancy, using of iron supplements, oral hygiene habits, presence of BTS in parents/siblings, and dietary habits were compared according to SBST and NBST. The data were analyzed with the SPSS program. Results: A total of 120 patients (53 females, 67 males) were included. It was found that NBST increased with age. NBST and severe BTS were found to be higher in children born by cesarean section compared to those born by vaginal delivery (p=0.014; p=0.004). The children who fed with nursing bottles less than 6 months have lower NBST (p<0.001). The mild BTS was more common in children who used no iron supplements (81%). Children with plaque index score 0 and 1 did not have severe BTS, while 94.4% of children with plaque index 3 had severe BTS (p<0.001). The difference between decayed, missing, and filled teeth according to SBTS was not found significant (p=0.232). Conclusion: In conclusion, it was found that both the NBST and SBST were differed according to age, type of birth, breastfeeding, using nursing bottles, using iron supplements, consumption of cariogenic foods, and presence of BTS in parents/siblings.

Model Selection and Identification of Osteoporosis Risk Factors in Women to Improve Their Healthcare.

Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density leading to enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk. The focus of this case-control study was to identify significant socioeconomic risk factors of osteoporosis in Pakistani women and examine how the risk increases for different levels of risk factors. A case-control study was conducted from November 2018 to August 2019 in two main hospitals in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Multiple logistic regression was used to explore the significant risk factors of osteoporosis and how the risk increases in cases (cases = 120) as compared to the control group (controls = 120) in the presence of these risk factors. The mean age ± standard deviation for cases and controls was 59.62 ± 10.75 and 54.27 ± 10.09, respectively. The minimum and maximum ages were 36 and 80 years, respectively. In addition to age, bone fracture, family history, regular physical activity, family size, use of meat, type of birth, breastfeeding, premature menopause, loss of appetite, and use of anticoagulants were significant risk factors with p-values less than 0.05. The risk prediction model with significant risk factors was a good fit with a p-value of 0.28, corresponding to the Hosmer-Lemeshow test value (χ2 = 9.78). This parsimonious model with Cox-Snell R2 = 0.50 (with a maximum value = 0.75) and Nagelkerke R2 = 0.66 showed an AUC of 0.924 as compared to the full model with all risk factors under study that exhibited an AUC of 0.949.

SHEEP SELECTION EFFICIENCY OF THE PREKOS BREED (THE KHARKIV INTERNAL BREED TYPE) BY GROWTH INTENSITY

The research was conducted on young sheep of the Kharkiv internal breed type of the Prekos breed, born in 2020. in the conditions of the research farm of the Institute of Animal Science of the National Academy of Sciences "Gontarivka". The influence of different intensity and types of selection, as well as the level of feeding on the manifestation of this trait in animals of two generations was evaluated. It was established that the indicators of average daily growth of lambs from birth to weaning from their mothers vary widely - from 38 to 591 g per day. At the same time, the average daily growth of singleton lambs in the selected groups M-, Mo and M+ exceeded the indicators of twins by 27.0%, respectively; 17.7% and 12.9%. In two adjacent generations (500 pairs of mothers and their daughters), the coefficient of inheritance of this trait was calculated. It turned out to be low, h2 = 0.046, and the dependence of the average daily growth of daughters on the value of this trait in their mothers, according to regression analysis, has the following form: Y=241.85+0.022X. Modeling of selection in the generation of mothers with regard to the influence on the average daily growth of animals of the daughter generation established that the difference between the offspring of mothers of classes M- and M+ is only 1.1% in favor of the latter, and their advantage over to selection, the variability of the trait in the compared groups of mothers narrowed to 13.1–18.8%, while in the corresponding groups of their daughters, this indicator was 27.2–34.1% and was close to the mean values for the sample. And although in terms of average daily gains before weaning, the parent rams exceeded the mother stock by 20.6% (p&lt;0.001), the maximum of this trait was only 391 g/day, while the ewes exceeded 500 g/day. According to the calculated average daily growth potential, daughters should exceed their mothers by 10.4%, while in fact their advantage was almost 22%. This testifies to the influence on the degree of realization of this trait primarily by a complex of paratypic factors, to a lesser extent by parents, which allows us to conclude that there is a need to increase the selection pressure among future breeder rams and stabilize the feeding when raising lambs at a higher level. Keywords: selection, potential, variability, average daily growth, type of birth, inheritance.

Abstract B066: Rejection of cancer identity among sexual and gender minority patients

Abstract For sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations, minority stress exacerbates the physical and emotional challenges of cancer diagnosis, treatment and survivorship; mitigating these effects will require improved understanding of SGM individuals’ cancer experiences both within and beyond the clinic. Among SGM cancer health disparities are increased stress surrounding diagnosis and treatment and poorer post-treatment mental and overall health. Emotional distress accompanying significant or chronic diseases such as cancer results in part from the threat illness poses to personal identity, often leading to disruption and subsequent realignment of one’s self-conception to a “new normal” as a cancer patient or cancer survivor. However, the process of aligning multiple stigmatized identities, as when SGM individuals experience cancer, is relatively unexplored. To this end, transcripts of semi-structured interviews with 11 SGM cancer patients and 8 cisgender, heterosexual (CH) patients matched for sex assigned at birth and cancer type were coded for indicators of health and illness in personal identity. Codes included (1) assertion of prior healthy behavior, (2) rejection of cancer identity, and (3) assertion of cancer identity; these were not mutually exclusive. SGM patients were less likely than CH peers to report engaging in healthy behaviors (exercise, dietary choices): 4 of 11 (36%) SGM patients did so, compared with 7 of 8 CH patients (88%). In contrast, SGM patients were more likely to explicitly reject self-identification as a cancer patient or cancer survivor: this occurred in interviews with 7 of 11 (64%) SGM patients but only 2 of 8 (25%) CH patients. Assertion of cancer identity – either through self-identification with a survivor label or intentional disclosure to reduce cancer stigma or obtain formal health accommodations – did not differ among SGM and CH patients. Five of 11 (46%) SGM patients and 4 of 8 (50%) CH patients identified as a cancer patient or cancer survivor in these ways. Notably for this sample, compared with CH peers SGM cancer patients were both less likely to volunteer a history of engaging in healthy behaviors and more likely to explicitly reject personal identity as a cancer patient or cancer survivor. This may indicate reluctance on the part of already-minoritized individuals to take on additional stigmatized identities, or may represent particular difficulty faced by SGM cancer patients in realigning their personal identities to accommodate their illness experiences. The ways individuals with cancer navigate personal identity following diagnosis and treatment has implications for cancer survivorship care: some aspects of cancer survivor identity are associated with positive outcomes, including improved mental health, more positive engagement with peers, and better quality of life. Understanding the ways cancer shapes personal identity among SGM patients and other minoritized individuals may offer pathways to constructive emotional processing of cancer experiences to reduce post-treatment cancer health disparities. Citation Format: Amy W. Farnbach Pearson, Shoshana Adler Jaffe, Lila A. Baca, Nina Dimauro, Kendal A. Jacobson, Miria Kano. Rejection of cancer identity among sexual and gender minority patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B066.

Incidence of nonsyndromic congenital heart defects in the Republic of Srpska in the period 2015-2016

Background/Aim. Congenital heart defect (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect and one of the leading causes of infant mortality. It can be isolated or occur as a part of multiple different syndromes. The reported worldwide incidence of isolated CHD is between 70 and 120 per 10,000 live births. The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence of nonsyndromic C HD in the Republic of Srpska (RS), Bosnia and Herzegovina and compare it with other countries. Methods. The fetuses, live-born and stillborn infants with CHD during 2015 and 2016 in the RS, were analyzed using data from a cross-sectional study. Results. The total incidence of CHD was 163.95 per 10,000 total births, and the incidence of live-born with CHD was 136.64 per 10,000. The diagnosis was established prenatally in 8.09% of cases. The most common type of anomaly was ventricular septal defect (45.63%), followed by an atrial septal defect (31.40%), patent ductus arteriosus (7.44%), and pulmonary valve stenosis (5.18%). A significant difference in the incidence of CHD between regions and different maternal age groups was found. Conclusion. The incidence of CHD in the RS found in this study is higher than in other studies, with marked heterogeneity between different regions. This study provides baseline data for future monitoring of the risk factor changes and the implementation of primary preventive measures.

Effect of Birth Type on Production, Characteristics and S omatic Cell Count in Milk of Bafra and Karayaka Ewes

Effect of Birth Type on Production, Characteristics and S omatic Cell Count in Milk of Bafra and Karayaka Ewes

Bingöl İlinde Halk Elinde Yetiştirilen Akkaraman ırkı Kuzuların Büyüme Performansının İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmada Bingöl’de yetiştirilen Akkaraman ırkı kuzuların altıncı ay canlı ağırlığına (AW) ve sütten kesim ağırlığına (WW) yaş, cinsiyet ve doğum tipi gibi faktörlerin etkisi ile doğum ağırlığı (BW) üzerinde yaş ve cinsiyetin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Faktöriyel ANOVA testi sonucunda, AW değişkeni yaş, cinsiyet ve doğum tipi (p