Selective separation of methane (CH4) from nitrogen-rich coal-mine methane remains challenging owing to their similar physicochemical properties. Here we report a water-stable ultramicroporous metal-organic framework, Ni(Hbzza)2, featuring densely packed aromatic pore walls that create a π-enriched confined environment for CH4 adsorption. The 3-fold interpenetrated architecture generates narrow channels that may strengthen London dispersion interactions with CH4, affording an uptake of 40 cm3 g-1 at 298 K and a CH4/N2 selectivity of 5.6 (IAST). Breakthrough experiments demonstrate efficient dynamic separation under both dilute and humid conditions.

Bio-natural gas potential of landfill gas in China under shared socioeconomic pathways scenario

Selective capture of methane (CH4) from nitrogen (N2) in coal-bed methane using a physisorbent represents a promising strategy due to its potential for low energy consumption and cost-efficiency. Microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer considerable potential for this application through tunable pore design, yet they face unresolved challenges including stability, low-cost synthesis, and adsorption durability. Herein, we demonstrate the effective capture of CH4 from N2 via a microporous zinc-aminotriazolate-acetate (Zn-Atz-Ac) framework. Employing zinc, acetate, and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, Zn-Atz-Ac is synthesized through an atom-economical route. Owing to a tortuous pore structure with numerous pockets containing abundant accessible nitrogen and oxygen sites, this material exhibits a CH4 uptake of 25.18 cm3 g-1 (298 K and 100 kPa) with a high CH4/N2 selectivity of 7.8. Notably, Zn-Atz-Ac maintains robust structural integrity and adsorption performance over five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. In contrast, an oxalate-pillared analogue Zn-Atz-OX exhibits a much lower CH4 uptake of 18.2 cm3 g-1 and a lower selectivity of 3.3 due to a less functionalized pore environment. Theoretical calculations reveal that the amino-rich pore environment in Zn-Atz-Ac contributes to its stronger preference for CH4. Finally, breakthrough experiments confirm the effectiveness of Zn-Atz-Ac for CH4/N2 separation under dynamic conditions, demonstrating practical utility.

Membrane technology demonstrates broad prospects in the field of methane capture and purification due to its high efficiency and low energy consumption characteristics. This paper systematically reviews the research progress in membrane technology for methane separation in recent years, focusing on the design and optimization of membrane material systems, in-depth analysis of mass transfer mechanisms, and practical applications in areas such as biogas upgrading and natural gas decarbonization. Researchers have significantly enhanced membrane separation performance for CO2/CH4, CH4/N2, and other systems by developing novel material systems such as polymer membranes, inorganic membranes, and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), combined with strategies like pore structure regulation, interface optimization, and functionalization. Although membrane technology has shown good economic feasibility and application potential in some scenarios, challenges such as long-term material stability, anti-plasticization capability, and large-scale manufacturing remain the main current obstacles. Future research should further focus on the development of novel membrane materials, process integration optimization, and intelligent process control to promote a greater role for membrane technology in the efficient utilization of methane resources and energy structure transformation.

Abstract Global carbon markets rely on the 100 year global warming potential (GWP 100 ) to convert non-CO 2 greenhouse gases into CO 2 -equivalent units (CO 2 e). While GWP 100 provides simplicity and international consistency, its fixed time horizon involves trade-offs when applied to short-lived climate pollutants, as it does not differentiate between the timing of mitigation within project lifetimes. This can be consequential for short-lived climate pollutants whose radiative forcing is concentrated in the near term. This paper introduces radiative forcing–based accounting (RFA), a time-resolved framework that offers an alternative approach to equivalence metrics in carbon offset crediting. Derived from radiative efficiencies and atmospheric decay functions, RFA replaces fixed multipliers with dynamic integration horizons that reflect project duration and implementation timing. The framework allows policymakers to define a policy horizon ( H ) while adjusting the effective integration period based on project characteristics, expressed as T = H − L + t , where L represents project duration and t the implementation year. We apply RFA to four methane mitigation projects under the UNFCCC Clean Development Mechanism, spanning landfill gas recovery, coal mine methane capture, and wastewater treatment. Across all projects, RFA yields higher credit allocations than legacy GWP 100 (Second Assessment Report), with differences ranging from 36% to 40% depending on project duration and abatement timing. These differences arise from the distinct temporal aggregation inherent in the two approaches. Because RFA requires only a computational adjustment and no modification to existing monitoring, reporting, and verification systems, it can be implemented within current carbon market infrastructure while giving incentive for short lived pollutant mitigation. The framework contributes to ongoing discussions on climate metrics by offering policymakers greater temporal resolution in crediting contexts where the timing of climate benefits is a relevant policy consideration.

Резюме. В Україні щороку спостерігаються випадки інгаляційних отруєнь каналізаційними газами серед працівників комунальних служб та мешканців приватних домогосподарств, на жаль, більшість з них є смертельними. Мета. За даними джерел наукової інформації та власних досліджень дослідити клінічні та патогістологічні особливості ураження легень при гострих отруєннях каналізаційними газами. Матеріали та методи. Проаналізовані медичні дані особи чоловічої статі, померлої внаслідок отруєнь каналізаційним газами. Препарати досліджувалися за допомогою мікроскопа Olympus CX 41 у прохідному світлі, при збільшенні в 100, 200 та 400 разів. Результати дослідження. Клінічна картина інгаляційного отруєння сумішшю токсичних газів у чоловіка 46-ти років супроводжувалася виразними нейротоксичними і пульмотоксичними ефектами. Швидка втрата свідомості і розвиток гнійно-некротичних змін у легеневій тканині свідчило про високі концентрації токсичних газів. За результатами патогістологічних досліджень у легенях виявлено виражені геморагічно-запальні зміни з вогнищами гемосидерозу. У міокарді: помірно виражений артеріосклероз, спазм артерій, вогнища набряку строми, аномального розташування м’язових волокон, фрагментації та гіпоксичної дистрофії, інтерстиційний склероз з перифокальною гіпертрофією кардіоміоцитів, периваскулярний склероз та ліпоматоз. У тканині головного мозку виявлено набряк-набухання з нечисленними навколосудинними крововиливами. Відмічено нерівномірне, подекуди підвищене, кровонаповнення досліджуваних органів з ознаками порушення реологічних властивостей крові. Висновки. Токсичність каналізаційних газів обумовлена одночасною дією хімічних речовин та високопатогенної флори, що міститься у складі газової суміші. Клінічними ознаками ураження є швидка втрата свідомості і стрімкий розвиток гнійно-некротичних змін у легеневій тканині, а саме: гнійно-фіброзної бронхопневмонії з інтраальвеолярними крововиливами, де присутні вогнища гемосидерозу, гострої альвеолярної емфіземи та дисателектазу.

Greenhouse gas emissions from sanitation systems remain underquantified, particularly when considering the entire service chain. Previous studies have largely focused on emissions from containment, with limited attention to later stages such as collection, transport, treatment and disposal. To address this gap, this research comprehensively estimates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from sanitation systems in Lahan municipality, Nepal. We used an extended version of the IPCC-based Tier-1 approach. Data collection included a household survey and key informant interviews. In scenario A, the baseline total annual emissions are 8.7 Gg CO2e, mostly from the digestion of faecal sludge in the containment (7.3 Gg CO2e). In scenario B, when a projected faecal sludge treatment plant (FSTP) is built and in operation, annual emissions reach 10.0 Gg CO2e, driven by methane emitted by the anaerobic digester in the plant. Scenario C considers climate mitigation strategies: increasing the share of households emptying their containments, increased emptying frequency and adding of methane capture in the FSTP. This can reduce annual emissions to 7.9 Gg CO2e per year, which is 21% less than in scenario B. Our results suggest that methane capture in the FSTP is the most critical mitigation strategy.

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from sanitary waste (SW) are not usually quantified in institutional inventories, which limits the ability to assess its management and associated carbon footprint. This study establishes emission factors (EF) for SW generated in a higher education institution (HEI), focusing on toilet paper. In 2022, 19 sanitary waste sources were monitored, obtaining a per capita generation of 3.02 g person−1 day−1 and an annual total of 356.87 kg of SW. Samples were characterized through proximate and elemental analyses, applying stoichiometric calculations for two disposal-site degradation pathways: Aerobic: 841.95 kg (total climate indicator) t−1 SW, and Anaerobic: 7041.97 kg (total climate indicator) t−1. The arithmetic mean of the aerobic and anaerobic EFs was 3941.96 kg (total climate indicator) t−1 SW. Based on an estimated annual mass of 1.12 t yr−1, emissions ranged from 0.35 to 6.71 t yr−1 (total climate indicator: CO2 + CH4-derived CO2e) depending on the scenario. Emissions could be reduced by over 90% when aerobic degradation or controlled methane capture predominates. The results suggest that separating SW at its point of generation and ensuring that it undergoes aerobic or energy-recovery treatment processes can limit its contribution to institutional GHG inventories. Having material-specific EF enables quantitative comparison among management strategies and guides continuous-improvement decisions.

Rapidly increasing municipal solid waste (MSW) generation, reaching 160,039 tonnes per day in India, and the environmental burdens of conventional disposal highlight the need for efficient waste-to-biofuel solutions. This study conducts a comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of seven MSW-to-biofuel pathways: open landfilling, landfill gas recovery, incineration, torrefaction, gasification, hydrothermal carbonization, and integrated gasification. Using a functional unit of 1 tonne of MSW, the assessment quantifies environmental impacts across five midpoint categories (GWP, SOD, FEP, LU, WC) following ISO 14040/44 guidelines. The methodology integrates experimental MSW characterization, national waste statistics, and ± 10% sensitivity analysis to address uncertainties in methane capture, energy recovery, and grid displacement. Results show substantial differences across pathways, with integrated gasification (MIG) emerging as the most sustainable option, achieving an avoided GWP of - 1095kg CO2 eq, water savings of - 1125.61 m3, and the lowest land-use requirement (- 32.39 m2·a). Material Flow Analysis further validates MIG's superior mass-energy conversion when combined with recycling. The study's novelty lies in its first holistic comparison of seven thermochemical and conventional MSW pathways tailored to India, integrating LCA and MFA evidence. the findings support prioritizing advanced thermochemical routes, particularly MIG, for climate-resilient, resource-efficient, and circular MSW management.

Efficient underwater methane capture is essential for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Although a few studies have reported using superhydrophobic surfaces to capture methane bubbles underwater, achieving long-term, fast, and scalable underwater methane bubble collection still faces significant challenges. Here, a rigid plate-like porous skeleton made of in situ-grown mullite whiskers is presented. The surface silanol groups of the whiskers covalently bond with PDMS chains at low temperature, forming a liquid-like surface. Unlike conventional liquid-like surfaces formed on smooth macroscopic substrates, the liquid-like layer here forms on the surfaces of the fine whiskers inside the porous skeleton, i.e., on the internal walls of the pores. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to directly measure the layer thickness (2.4-6.1 nm) on the whisker surface. High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) was used to analyze the distribution of the layer on individual whiskers. The skeletons show excellent low contact angle hysteresis (2°) and long-term underwater superhydrophobic stability (up to 30 days). They were assembled in series, parallel, or hybrid configurations to enable scalable and continuous methane bubble collection. When a 1 mm-thick plate was submerged at a depth of 85 cm, a collection rate of approximately 4.38 mL·min-1·cm-2 was achieved. Continuous underwater gas collection was monitored for 48 h by video. This combination of a ceramic whisker skeleton and a liquid-like surface offers a promising strategy for large-scale methane bubble collection with long-term stability and high collection rates.

The rapid increase in municipal solid waste (MSW) generation across urban centers in Pakistan, combined with insufficient waste management infrastructure, presents a significant environmental and public health challenge. This study assesses methane emissions and leachate generation from major MSW dumpsites in Rawalpindi and Lahore, two of Punjab province's largest cities. Emissions were estimated and projected over a 50-year active timespan using the U.S. EPA LandGEM model following IPCC 2006 guidelines. Cumulative emissions from Lahore's solid waste disposal (SWD) systems were calculated at approximately 133,446 Gg, equivalent to 108 Mt CO₂-eq, with contributions comprising 26% methane, 73% carbon dioxide (CO₂), and 0.2% non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs). In contrast, Rawalpindi's SWD systems generated 958 Gg (or 7.8 Mt CO₂-eq) over their operational life, exhibiting a similar emissions profile. Two unmanaged Lahore sites-LD2 (1643 Gg CH₄) and MB1 (1383.9 Gg CH₄)-emerged as the most significant methane emitters across both cities. These results underscore the urgent need for targeted waste management strategies, particularly the deployment of methane capture technologies and effective leachate treatment systems. The study highlights the substantial greenhouse gas emissions and groundwater contamination risks posed by unmanaged landfills. To mitigate these impacts and align with national climate goals, the adoption of site-specific policies and sustainable waste-to-energy solutions is imperative.

Energy recovery technology is becoming a crucial part of modern approaches that address decarbonization, efficiency, and transitioning into a circular economy. In addition, apart from its advancements in efficiency and environmental benefits, its progress appears to be progressively limited due to its maturity and increasing complexity. In this case, innovation that focuses solely in the firm appears ineffective because more and more important knowledge in terms of innovation in processes and environmental aspects is becoming and remaining outside of organizational boundaries. In this paper, open innovation will be explored in its function as a structural innovation method of advancing energy recovery technology. The paper employs the narrative literature review of peer-reviewed literature indexed in the Scopus database to explore the implications of the outside-in model of open innovation, the inside-out model of open innovation, and the coupled model of open innovation with respect to the primary recovery processes of energy such as combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and landfill gas recovery. The literature incorporates findings about the implications of knowledge inflows and outflows with respect to the mentioned energy recovery processes. The results show that open innovation efficacy strongly varies according to the degree of technological maturity and performance issues, in that outside-in open innovation tends to be very effective in mature and semi-mature technology sectors, where incremental improvements in efficiency require specialized knowledge outside the industry, while coupled open innovation is crucial for addressing system-wide issues in areas such as emissions, regulatory compatibility, and infrastructure integration, while inside-out innovation is largely a means of facilitating technology dissemination and standardization once a degree of technological maturity had been realized. This study, through the association of selective open innovation practices with corresponding energy recovery technology and challenges, aims to provide a more nuanced perspective on the assistive potential of collaborative innovation in effecting sustainable development in energy recovery technology.

This study investigated the municipal solid waste (MSW) biodegradation process, simulating landfill conditions using a bioreactor. A core objective was to identify key markers in leachate that could forecast the methane (CH4) generation process during anaerobic digestion (AD). To further understand the causes of CH4 production inhibition and to propose strategies for enhancing AD system performance, we aimed to compare the microbial community structures in leachate from different reaction periods and in solid MSW samples. A bioreactor was utilized to replicate the landfill's MSW biodegradation process. Research workers analyzed the relationship between the methanogenic process and the properties of leachate from anaerobic digestion. To investigate the underlying causes of inhibition, we compared the features and differences in the microbial community structure of leachate samples from different reaction periods and solid samples (end-state MSW and cover layer). The biogas production potential was found to be 74.36 L kg-1, and the rate constant for MSW digestion gas production was 0.0359 days-1. A correlation was observed between the leachate's pH, TOC/TN ratio, and the CH4 generation process, though the correlation between pH variation and methanogenesis showed a clear lag, indicating pH alone is not a sufficient predictive signal. The system became unstable due to ammonia buildup, with a TOC/TN value below 13 coinciding with minimal gas output. Microbial analysis showed that the genetic similarity between leachate and MSW samples was inversely related to the length of the reaction period. A key observation was the absence of Nitrospirain leachate, which likely interrupts the nitrogen conversion cycle. The nitrification process was found to primarily occur in the cover layer. Decreased CH4 generation was mostly caused by ammonia inhibition, which reduced the activity of acetate-utilizing methanogenic archaea. The intermediate cover layer acted as a biochemical reaction zone with greater microbial diversity. The findings indicate that due to ammonia buildup, the fermentation system became unstable when the TOC/TN value fell below 13. The absence of Nitrospirain leachate is identified as a critical factor disrupting the nitrogen cycle. Therefore, inoculation with Nitrospira-containing agents is proposed as crucial for maintaining system stability and enhancing treatment efficiency. The intermediate cover layer, harboring greater microbial diversity, contributed to enhanced anaerobic digestion and supported increased system stability, functioning as a vital biochemical reaction zone. These insights provide recommendations for enhancing the AD system's CH4 production capacity.

The article examines the concept of “post-mining” as a key element in the restoration of Ukraine’s energy sector in the context of post-war reconstruction and energy transformation. Based on an analysis of technological, economic, and legal aspects, the integration of post-mining approaches for the transition from traditional coal mining to renewable energy sources is proposed. Particular attention is paid to legal mechanisms such as land reclamation regulation, investment guarantees, and harmonization with European legislation. The potential of post-mining regions for the development of distributed generation, geothermal energy, and bioenergy is demonstrated. An analysis of national and European energy legislation and existing experience has been carried out, which has shown that post-mining is not limited to the liquidation of mines, but involves the integration of innovative technologies (coal gasification, methane capture, geothermal systems, water purification) with legal mechanisms (land reclamation, RES auctions, DNSH principle), ensuring economic, environmental, and social sustainability in the process of transforming coal regions. The potential for repurposing closed mines into energy-generating complexes (solar and wind energy, biomethane to replace gas imports) could generate new jobs and significantly reduce resource losses while cutting greenhouse gas emissions. It has been established that the challenges remain significant, namely: – war damage; – non-payment of green tariffs; – high WACC; – occupation of coal mining areas. However, the proposed recommendations can reduce risks, cut debt, and attract significant investment: – tariff reforms; – MIGA guarantees; – green budget; – public-private partnerships with international financial institutions and retraining programs. Successful pilot projects confirm the feasibility of using post-mining technologies in the restoration of the energy sector. The conclusions emphasize the need for reforms to attract the private sector and ensure sustainable development, taking into account current commitments such as decarbonization and integration into the EU.

Methane (CH₄) is a gas formed alongside coal through the decomposition of organic matter underanaerobic conditions. The gas molecules accumulate in micropores or submicropores located in thecoal matrix through the process of adsorption. During deposit exploitation, a decrease in pressurewithin the rock mass initiates desorption, leading to the release of methane into the mine workings.The impact of this gas on the environment and human activity is twofold. On the one hand, methanehas always posed a real threat to mining safety. In concentrations exceeding 4% by volume, it formsan explosive mixture with oxygen in the presence of an ignition source. On the other hand, methane,as one of the greenhouse gases, contributes to global warming and climate change. From anotherperspective, methane is seen as a resource of the future, potentially forming the basis of the energyeconomy for coming generations. Effective capture and recovery of methane from mine ventilationair and coal seam boreholes create opportunities for its utilisation as an energy carrier, whilesimultaneously enhancing mining safety and mitigating its negative environmental impact.In order to limit emissions of this gas into the atmosphere, legal regulations have been introduced,and namely the so-called Methane Directive. The article was developed in response to the increasingrelevance of methane recovery from hard coal mines and the need to implement effective,environmentally friendly, and economically viable solutions. It presents two approaches to methanerecovery: Direct Methane Extraction (DME), considered a short-term solution, and MethaneExtraction with Drainage (MEWD), a long-term approach involving methane removal together withmine water and its subsequent treatment. The work introduces an original classification of methanerecovery methods, dividing them into separation and utilisation techniques, with consideration oftheir application potential and possibilities for integration into hybrid systems, such as combiningCarbon Molecular Sieve (CMS) or Silicoaluminophosphate-34 (SAPO-34) with Pressure SwingAdsorption (PSA) or cryogenic distillation. Particular attention is devoted to ventilation air methane(VAM), the emissions of which account for approximately 50% of total methane emissions frommines. It is highlighted that ongoing research aimed at optimising methods such as PSA, HydrateGas Bearing Systems (HGBS), cryogenic distillation, and membrane separation will soon allow theiradaptation for VAM recovery. The study also discusses the importance of techniques supporting themethane recovery process, the application of which should account for geological conditions. It isunderlined that in many cases, combining separation methods with supportive techniques isnecessary to improve the overall efficiency of the process. The objective of the article is to provide a synthetic overview and an analysis of available methanerecovery methods, to identify current technological trends, and to outline future directions for theirapplication. The work draws attention to the applicable legal regulations concerning greenhouse gasemission reduction, as well as activities undertaken within ongoing research projects, confirming thecontinuing process of energy transition. Although the effective recovery and utilisation of methanefrom ventilation air (VAM) is still in the stage of technological refinement, current experienceindicates high application potential and possibilities for wider implementation.The article offers a comprehensive perspective on the issue of methane recovery in a global context,with particular emphasis on deployments carried out in Poland. The study aims to provide practicalinsights for optimising methane extraction and utilisation technologies while supporting dualobjectives: environmental protection and efficient management of natural resources. The conductedreview demonstrates significant technological progress in the improvement of methane recoverymethods, including the use of previously implemented solutions such as Regenerative ThermalOxidizers (RTO) and Thermal Flow Reversal Reactors. Enhancing the efficiency of these technologiesand their potential for wider use in Poland and worldwide is highlighted. The article emphasises thediversity of available solutions and the necessity to select them based on applicability and localconditions. It provides practical insights into optimising development directions, illustrating theongoing technological transformation driven by industrial deployments and research projects, whilesimultaneously supporting the goals of environmental protection and rational resource management.

This study compares the carbon footprints of two municipal solid waste treatment technologies—anaerobic digestion and a gas recovery system—with the aim of evaluating their potential for biogas recovery and greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. The analysis applies the 2006 IPCC model to real operational data from the Paracambi Waste Treatment Complex (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), integrating carbon footprint estimation and environmental compensation modeling through tree planting. From a different perspective, this work evaluates the replacement of biogas recovery with a biologically controlled system based on material segregation. Within the limits and parameters defined for the system, anaerobic digestion achieved net emissions of 0.0029 tCO2eq per ton of organic waste, compared to 1.14 tCO2eq per ton for the biogas recovery system. This represents a potential 393-fold reduction in GHG emissions. However, this result is specific to the modeled conditions and does not consider the full life cycle impacts of non-organic waste fractions. The results suggest that anaerobic digestion, when integrated into an efficient selective collection system, can significantly improve energy recovery and mitigate the carbon footprint of waste management systems.

The study investigates the influence of atmospheric pressure fluctuations on methane emissions in a decommissioned coal mine in Poland (SRK S.A., KWK “Krupiński”). Continuous measurements of methane concentrations and atmospheric pressure were analyzed to identify periods of dynamic pressure drops, which were then correlated with recorded methane levels. Strong linear relationships were observed, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.88 to 0.97 and determination coefficients exceeding 0.85, indicating that pressure changes are a primary factor influencing methane release. Individual regression models for each identified case showed the lowest mean absolute errors compared to generalized models, highlighting the impact of atypical cases on predictive performance. Key findings align with previous studies, confirming that both the magnitude and the gradient of pressure decline directly affect the rate and scale of methane release and that threshold effects may limit further concentration increases despite continued pressure drops. The results suggest the potential to develop a predictive model linking atmospheric pressure variations to methane emissions, which could support forecasting of methane capture in decommissioned mines or ventilation methane levels in active mines. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for both occupational safety and for effective methane emission reduction strategies in the mining sector.

Self-optimized Ni-MnOx interactions tailor H recombination activity for enhanced integrated CO2 capture and super dry reforming of methane with H2-free CO production

Study on the performance and mechanism of Ni/CaO-CeZrO2 coupling CO2 capture and dry reforming of methane

The rational design of efficient adsorbents for methane capture from coal-bed methane (CBM) is crucial for both energy utilization and environmental protection. In this study, a novel "methane single-molecular trap" (MSMT) architecture is reported within a metal-organic framework (MOF) for CH4 capture from CBM, in which each MSMT is designed as a unique space that can accommodate only a single CH4 molecule, surrounded by open metal sites (OMSs) and adjacent hydrophobic alkyl groups. The obtained adsorbent, MSMT-NKMOF-1, exhibits efficient separation of CH4/N2, achieves a dynamic selectivity of 9.2 and a CH4 productivity of 22.6 Lkg-1 at 298 K and 1bar. Furthermore, this design shows impressive humidity resistance. Combined experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that the MSMT design not only eliminates the "desert" regions for traditional adsorbents-where strong functional sites are inaccessible-thereby enhancing the dynamic selectivity, but also prevents moisture interference. Additionally, MSMT-NKMOF-1 can be synthesized rapidly and environmentally friendly at room temperature, providing feasibility for industrial CBM purification. The work not only develops MSMT-NKMOF-1 as a promising adsorbent for CH4/N2 separation, but also provides a generalizable guidance for the development of novel functional porous materials for related applications.