Population Of Bihar Research Articles

Awareness and Attitude Towards Tobacco Products and Tobacco Industry and Perception about Government's Role in Tobacco Control among the Adult Rural Population: A Cross-sectional Study in the Indian State of Bihar.

Attitudes and impressions toward the tobacco industry and tobacco products among the general public are important determinants for curbing the menace of the tobacco epidemic. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and perceptions about the tobacco industry and tobacco products and analyze attitudes towards social denormalization (SD) of tobacco use and tobacco industry denormalization (TID) among the rural population of Bihar, India. This community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 421 adults aged 18 to 65 years who were selected using multistage systematic random sampling in a rural area of Bihar State in India from January to March 2022. Results were presented as proportions and the factors associated with support for TID and SD were identified using the chi-square test and binary logistic regression. Out of 421 participants, 342 (81.2%) did not consider smokeless tobacco to be very dangerous. Nearly half (192, 45.6%) of the individuals believed that tobacco companies never tell the truth about the ill effects of tobacco use on health. Maximum, 345 (89.5%) also believed that the tobacco industry is responsible for adverse health effects of tobacco use and that the government should sue them. The prevalence of favorable attitudes toward TID and SD was found to be 55.1% [95% CI: 50.3% - 59.8%] and 38.2% [95% CI: 33.7% - 42.9%], respectively. One out of every two and one out of every three individuals showed favorable attitudes toward TID and SD, respectively. There is a need to inform and educate the public on the ill effects of tobacco and the deceptive strategies used by the tobacco industry to help them choose health over tobacco.

Exploring Midline Asymmetry: A Comprehensive Study Among Adolescents in the North Bihar Population

Objectives In the contemporary era, achieving a sense of equilibrium is a paramount concern, and a visually pleasing smile is intricately linked to both professional success and social acceptance. Esthetics, with a specific focus on Oro-facial aesthetics, emerges as a primary motivation for individuals seeking dental treatment. Nevertheless, there exists an optimal and aesthetically pleasing range of dental midline deviation. The current study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of dental midline shifting and the average extent of midline discrepancy among adolescents (aged 13-17) from North Bihar population. Material & Methods Two hundred subjects participated in the study, with 100 males and 100 females selected based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Intraoral frontal occlusion photographs were captured for each participant, and subsequent analysis was done utilizing Digimizer software. Statistical analysis was applied to the linear measurement data obtained through photographic evaluation. Results The study’s findings revealed a noteworthy proportion of subjects displaying deviations between upper and lower midlines and anterior teeth midlines, falling within the range of 0.03-3.80 mm. Conclusion The prevalence of these deviations was observed to be higher in males compared to females, and this difference was statistically significant.

Newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Bihar: A pressing priority in today's time.

Newborn screening (NBS) aims towards early detection of congenital disorders or prevention of intellectual and physical defects and life-threatening illness. Three disorders namely congenital hypothyroidism (CH), congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G-6-PDD) were selected for a preliminary study for NBS. The study aimed to establish NBS in the Indian scenario that could lay a framework for future such initiatives. A screening programme was conducted at a tertiary care hospital for 1 year. All the neonates born at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, were screened for their blood levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Heel-prick blood samples were collected within 48-72 h of birth, and the level of these parameters was accessed by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). A total of 492 neonates were born from January 2020 to December 2020, of which 369 newborns were screened for CAH, CH and G-6-PDD. Of 369 neonates, one case (male) had an increased level of TSH, six cases (all males) had an increased level of 17-OHP and no case was found with G-6-PDD. Preliminary data on the prevalence of various genetic disorders revealed that CAH is the most prevalent disorder followed by CH in the population of Bihar. More efforts need to be undertaken to create awareness and to make screening a successful programme in India. A cost-effective nationwide screening programme is highly recommended for the detection of such cases at the earliest to avoid their future complication.

Assessment of Potentially Malignant Disorders among Men and Women in South Bihar Population.

Oral cancer is detected in 270,000 people per annum or around 3% of all malignancies. It ranks sixth among males and twelve among females in terms of prevalence. Mostly, all oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are responsible for 92-95% of cases. Oral carcinoma starts five years before the average age of PMD patients, who range in age from 5th to 6th decade of life. Thus, the goal of this study is to identify any relevant risk factors and assess the incidence of oral possibly malignant disorders in both men and women living in rural Bhojpur District, Bihar. A cross-sectional study has been carried out at the Sadar Hospital in Bhojpur by surveying volunteers at various oral health screening and treatment camps held from January 2022 to July 2022. A pre-validated questionnaire adapted and modified from Kumar S et al. was utilized to collect data in a qualitative interview. It was discovered that (17%) of all people had an oral possibly malignant disease. OSMF was the lesion with the greatest prevalence (7%) and lichen planus having the smallest prevalence (1%). Malignancy frequently develops from oral potential malignant diseases. Diabetes and BMI were inversely related, which is expected provided the socioeconomic position.

Study of Prevalence of Appendicitis in children of Bihar Population

Background: Appendicitis is quite common surgical emergency in children because it is longer in children rangesfrom 2-20 cm than adult 6-10 cm. Moreover it is most constricted part of GIT like pharynx.Method: 80 children (40 male and 40 females) below 10 years having symptoms of appendicitis and confirmedbyUSG/ST scan were operated by General anaesthesia and dissected part was sent to histo-pathology test to ruleout the exact pathology.Results: Highest incidence of acute appendicitis was observed in both sexes 23 (57.5%) male, 20 (50%)female andleast number of perforated appendicitis 10 (25%) in male, 4 (10%) in female was observed.Conclusion: Present pragmatic study of appendicitis having acute, chronic and perforation will help the surgeonto treat efficiently to avoid morbidity and mortality in children.

Arsenic causing gallbladder cancer disease in Bihar

In recent times Gallbladder cancer (GBC) incidences increased many folds in India and are being reported from arsenic hotspots identified in Bihar. The study aims to establish association between arsenic exposure and gallbladder carcinogenesis. In the present study, n = 200 were control volunteers and n = 152 confirmed gallbladder cancer cases. The studied GBC patient’s biological samples-gallbladder tissue, gallbladder stone, bile, blood and hair samples were collected for arsenic estimation. Moreover, n = 512 gallbladder cancer patients blood samples were also evaluated for the presence of arsenic to understand exposure level in the population. A significantly high arsenic concentration (p < 0.05) was detected in the blood samples with maximum concentration 389 µg/L in GBC cases in comparison to control. Similarly, in the gallbladder cancer patients, there was significantly high arsenic concentration observed in gallbladder tissue with highest concentration of 2166 µg/kg, in gallbladder stones 635 µg/kg, in bile samples 483 µg/L and in hair samples 6980 µg/kg respectively. Moreover, the n = 512 gallbladder cancer patient’s blood samples study revealed very significant arsenic concentration in the population of Bihar with maximum arsenic concentration as 746 µg/L. The raised arsenic concentration in the gallbladder cancer patients’ biological samples—gallbladder tissue, gallbladder stone, bile, blood, and hair samples was significantly very high in the arsenic exposed area. The study denotes that the gallbladder disease burden is very high in the arsenic exposed area of Bihar. The findings do provide a strong link between arsenic contamination and increased gallbladder carcinogenesis.

Morphometry and morphological analysis of carotico-clinoid foramen: an anatomical study with clinical implications.

The dural fold between anterior and middle clinoid processes on mineralisation leads to the formation of caroticoclinoid foramen (CCF). Different morphology of this foramen presents with different clinical features. The present study reports the frequency of CCF in the population of Bihar, while providing an account of assimilated information from previous literature regarding the association of caroticoclinoid ligament ossification with age and human genetics. The study was conducted on 100 adult dry human skulls of unknown age and sex, and 50 lateral view radiographs of the head. Of the 100 dry skull bones, 9 presented with different forms of CCF. Bilateral complete foramina were noticed in 2 (2%) skull bones, while the incomplete foramina were observed bilaterally in 3 (3%) and unilaterally in 4 (4%) skulls. The lateral view radiograph data (n = 50) presented with a bilateral foramen in one subject and unilateral complete CCF in two different subjects. On measurements of the diameters of the complete CCF the mean values observed were 4.06 mm and 4.51 mm on the right side, while that on the left side were 5.15 mm and 4.14 mm. For the incomplete foramina, the mean values for the vertical diameter were 4.48 mm on the right and 4.19 mm on the left side, respectively. The frequency of CCF in the present study population of Bihar was much lesser than that of previously studied populations. However, the variation in frequency of different morphological types of CCF was observed to be the same across populations. The variations in CCF's metric data could help in predicting the morphological changes it causes to the clinoidal segment of the internal carotid artery, as well as in distinguishing its varieties.

Study of Stroke Due to Intra Cranial Atherosclerosis in Bihar Population

Background: Ischemic stroke is quite heterogeneous in its patho-physiological mechanism associated withatherosclerosis. Little is known about measures for prevention of the disease apart from latest technologies andmedications.Method: 100 patients of different age groups were studied with MRA, to rule out occlusion or lesion; tropicaldistribution of infarction, clinical manifestations, recurrence after treatment was also noted.Results: Clinical manifestations included 33% alcoholic, 21% homocystine, 80% HTN, 54% DM, 30% Hyperlipidemia,35% smoking, 48% HTN + DM, 17% HTN + DM +Hyper-lipidemia, 7% HTN + DM + Hyper-lipidemia,+ smoking + Alcohol. Highest occlusion was observed 51 (39.9%) in MCA followed by 20 (14.4%) ICA, 23 (16.6%)BA, 18 (13.04%) VA and least was 2 (1.4%) in VA+BA. Highest tropical distribution of infarction was 28% corticalfollowed by 24% sub cortical and cortical, 23% cortical, 11% cerebellum, 8% Brainstem and recurrence wasobserved in 19% patients.Conclusion: The present pragmatic study will help for efficient management and risk control for Neuro-physicianand neurosurgeon because risk factor control remains the best strategy for preventing recurrence becauserecurrence of the stroke worsen the physical and mental conditions of the patients

Assessment of Complete Blood Count in the Breast Cancer Patients of Arsenic Exposed Population of Bihar.

Assessment of Complete Blood Count in the Breast Cancer Patients of Arsenic Exposed Population of Bihar.

Morphometric Study of the Nutrient Foramen of the Humerus in the Population of Bihar.

Fracture or surgical intervention of fracture of the shaft of the humerus may cause injury to the nutrient arteryleading to the nonunion or delayed union of the fracture. It is important to find the number and location of the nutrient artery. So the knowledge regarding the nutrient foramen helps to protect them during any operative procedure of the shaft of the humerus. The main objective of this study is to find out the number, location, and direction of the nutrient foramen of the humerus. The study was conducted on 80 dried humeriof unknown gender obtained from Narayan Medical College, Sasaram, Bihar, India, and also from other medical colleges of Bihar. The number, location, and direction of nutrient foramen were observed. The majority of humeri showed one nutrient foramen, which was found in 91.25%, followed by 3.75% with double foramenand 1.25% with triple foramen. Nutrient foramen was absent in 3.75% of the humerus. The majority (89.02%) of nutrient foramen was found on the anteromedial surface followed by anterolateral (9.76%) and posterior surface (1.22%). The majority of nutrient foramenwas found on the middle third (86.58%) of the shaft, followed by 13.42% on the distal third. No nutrient foramen was found on the proximal third of the humerus. All nutrient foramina were directed downward. The location of the nutrient foramen of the humerus was not constant; it may present on anteromedial, anterolateral, or posterior surfaces. Similarly, it may present on the middle or distal third of the shaft of the humerus. This study will help surgeons planning the surgical intervention of the shaft of the humerus, which will possibly reduce the chances of nonunion or delayed union.

3D radiographic assessment of impacted maxillary canine in orthodontic population of Bihar: a CBCT retrospective study

Background: this study was conducted with an objective to assess the pattern of distribution of impacted maxillary canine in orthodontic Bihar population using CBCT.Methods: The study included CBCT scans of total 1080 patients in the age group of 13-40 years who came for orthodontic correction in Buddha Institute of Dental sciences and Hospital. The scans were evaluated for the presence of any impacted maxillary canines from July 2021 to July 2022.Results: Out of 1080 scans, in the age range of 13-40 years, the prevalence of impacted maxillary canine was 2.77% in Bihar population. Out of these 30 impacted maxillary canines, 19 impactions were present in females and 11 were in males. Out of 30 subjects, 21 had unilateral impactions and 9 had bilateral impactions. The incidence of mesioangular impactions (type II) were maximum (46.7%) followed by horizontal impaction (type IV) was 23.3%.Conclusions: The incidence of maxillary canine impaction in Bihar population was 2.7% and the type of impaction which was commonest was mesioangular impaction (Type II), which was in the accordance with many other studies.

Morphometric study of sacrum and its clinical implications in population in Bihar

The sacrum is a large triangular bone formed by fusion of five sacral vertebrae and wedged between two hip bones. Dimension of sacrum varies from region to region therefore morphometric study of sacrum in population of Bihar is important for proper fixation during orthopedic procedure in trauma patients. : The objectives of this study was to evaluate the morphometric parameters of sacrum so that a data can be generated from local population. M: The present study was done on 110 human sacra of known sex (62 male and 48 female) collected from department of Anatomy, IGIMS, Patna and also from other medical colleges of Bihar. Maximum length of sacrum, curved length of sacrum, maximum breadth of sacrum, antero-posterior diameter of the body of first sacral vertebra, transverse diameter of the body of first sacral vertebra and maximum length of articular surface of sacrum were measured. Mean value of sacral straight length were 104.55 cm in male and 94.66 cm in female, Curve length 112.03 cm in male and 103.98 cm in female, Width of sacrum 101.53 cm in male and 105.67 cm in female. Transverse diameter of body of 1st sacral vertebra were 46.53 cm and 40.85 cm in male and female respectively, antero-posterior diameter of body of 1st sacral vertebra were 29.89 cm and 27.73 cm in male and female respectively, Length of auricular surface were 56.08 cm and 54.77 cm respectively. Sacral index, curvature index, index of body of first sacral vertebra, corpora-basal index and auricular index were calculated. Morphometric study of sacrum in population of Bihar is important because dimension of sacrum varies from region to region and this is important for proper fixation during orthopedic procedure in trauma patients.

Morphological and Morphometric Evaluation of Mandibular Coronoid Process, Condylar Process and Mandibular Ramus in Jharkhand and Bihar Population

Background: Coronoid process of mandible gives attachment to temporalis and masseter muscles. The shape and size of coronoid process varies widely due to influence of many factors. Its shape has been described as triangular, hook shaped and rounded in various studies. Mandibular Condyle, is the part of the mandible that articulates with the temporal bones articular fossa and its appearance is influenced by various factors. The superior border of the mandible's ramus is formed by the mandibular notch and its contour is influenced by shape of the Coronoid process and the Mandibular condyle. Knowledge of these morphological variations is of great help to anthropologists, maxillofacial surgeons and forensic experts. Aim: Aim of present study is the morphological differences in Coronoid process, Condylar process, and Mandibular Notch in adult dry human mandibles in Jharkhand and Bihar. Material and method: 100 dry adult Mandible of known sex from the Department of Anatomy, Phulo-Jhano Medical College Dumka, Jharkhand and other medical colleges of Jharkhand and Bihar were studied. Shape of the coronoid process was visually assessed. Length of the coronoid process and mandibular process were measured by employing standardized method, using digital Vernier calliper. Results: The triangular (120) shape of the coronoid process was the most common among the 200 sides, with 72 (60%) on the right side and 48 (40%) on the left. The second was beak-shaped (68), with 36 (52.9 percent) on the right side and 32 (47 percent) on the left side, followed by the round shape (12), of which 7 (58.4%) were on the right side and 5 (41.6%) on the left side. Mean length of right and left side of coronoid process among male was 17.79 ±0.88 mm and 17.51±0.83mm respectively, while in females these measurements were 16.59±0.97mm and 16.33±0.68 mm respectively. Mean length of right and left side of mandibular condyle among male was 12.9 ± 2.13mm and 10.88±2.01mm respectively, while in females this value was 11.8± 1.67mm and 11.21± 1.75mm respectively. Average distance from the head of the mandible to the base of the mandible on right and left sides were64.22±5.77 mm and 64.05 ± 5.92 mm respectively. Similarly values for distance from the base of the mandible to mandibular notch were 46.32±7.21mm and46.24±8.49mm respectively and values for distance from the anterior border to the posterior border of the ramus of mandible were 30.48 ± 2.36mmand 30.31±2.32mm on right and left side respectively. Conclusion: Triangular shape of coronoid process was most common type seen in Jharkhand and Bihar population. This finding is similar to many other such studies. There was statistically significant difference between length of coronoid process and mandibular condyle of male and female. All these findings are of immense importance to anthropologists, maxillofacial reconstructive surgeons and forensic experts. Keywords: Morphology, Morphometry, Coronoid, Condyloid, sigmoid notch, Mandible.

TLR4 and TLR9 polymorphism: Probable role in susceptibility among the population of Bihar for Indian visceral leishmaniasis.

Genetic variations in the host TLRs genes play an important role in susceptibility and/or resistance to visceral leishmaniasis by altering the host-pathogen interaction. In this study, we investigated the association between polymorphisms of TLR4 (Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile) and TLR-9 (T-1237C), with susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis. A bi-directional PCR amplification of specific alleles technique was used to characterize the distribution of TLR4 (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) and TLR9 (T-1237C) polymorphisms. A total of 60 samples were randomly selected from confirmed visceral leishmaniasis patients and 24 endemic healthy volunteers. The samples were genotyped and allele frequencies were determined. We observed that TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile genotypes were more frequent in visceral leishmaniasis patients (10% and 15% respectively) compared to controls (4.2% and 8.3% respectively). However, the differences were not significant in TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile alleles and genotypes. In the case of TLR9, we observed the frequency of T1237C genotype was higher in visceral leishmaniasis patients (43.3%) than in healthy controls (33.3%). Statistically significant differences were observed in TLR9 T1237C alleles and genotypes. We concluded that TLR9 T1237C, but not TLR4, gene polymorphisms can be regarded as contributors to visceral leishmaniasis susceptibility among the Indian population of Bihar state.

Cephalometric Evaluation Based on Steiner's Analysis on Adults of Bihar.

Aim:To evaluate the mean cephalometric values for Steiner Analysis in bihar population.Objectives:To evaluate the cephalometric features of a bihar population and to present_an organized, comprehensive cephalometric norms for Steiner cephalometric analysis.. To introduce mean values to assess skeletal, dental and soft tissue relationship using Steiner analysis for orthodontic diagnosis.. To compare standards that will be derived with the earlier established norms for other population.Materials and Methods:The study was conducted in the Department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics,Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences And Hospital,Patna(Bihar). The sample was collected from the out patient department of the same college.Source of the Data:The present analysis was made on lateral cephalograms of 60 subjects with well balanced and acceptable facial profile of Bihar population. The subjects were informed about the purpose of the study.Methods of Collection of Data:Subjects with age group of 18-26 years with dento-alveolar class I malocclusion and acceptable facial profile were selected by trained orthodontists, who belonged to the department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics,Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences And Hospital.Results and Conclusion:There was increase in SNA angle, SNB angle, SND angle,in Bihar population than Caucasians. Bihar population has proclined and forwardly placed upper and lower incisors, which was indicative of bimaxillary protrusion as compared to Caucasians. Bihar population had protrusive upper and lower lips as compared to Caucasians. Bihar population males had tendency towards horizontal growth pattern of the mandible than females. Bihar females had more proclined lower incisors than males

Prevalence of Oral Submucous Fibrosis among Habitual Gutkha and Areca Nut Chewer in Bihar Population

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and severity of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) among habitual gutkha, areca nut, and pan chewers of Bihar population. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted of 3000 adult patients aged over 15 years who visited the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital. They were subjected to a thorough oral examination, and the bindings were recorded in the prescribed WHO Pro forma. Results: Our study revealed that the prevalence of OSMF was 1.6%. The prevalence among males was 2.60% and among females was 0.16%. All the 243 cases (100%) were associated with areca nut habits. Conclusion: Educating the population about the deleterious effects of the practice of tobacco and related habits on the body in general and the oral cavity. It is hoped that this study would serve as a reference for further epidemiological studies on the abovementioned lesion in this region.

Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in preventing infection and disease severity: a case-control study from an Eastern State of India.

Effectiveness of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines used in India is unexplored and need to be substantiated. The present case-control study was planned to elicit the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing infection and disease severity in the general population of Bihar, India. This case-control study was conducted among people aged ≥45 years during April to June 2021. The cases were the COVID-19 patients admitted or visited All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, Bihar, India, and were contacted directly. The controls were the individuals tested negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) at the Virology laboratory, AIIMS-Patna and contacted telephonically for collection of relevant information. The vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated by using the formula (VE = 1 - odds ratio). The adjusted VE for partial and full vaccination were estimated to be 52.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 39.0-63.0%) and 83.0% (95% CI 73.0-89.0%) respectively for preventing SARS CoV-2 infection. The sub-group analyses of the cases have shown that the length of hospital stays (LOS) (partially vaccinated: 9 days vs. unvaccinated: 12 days; P = 0.028) and the severity of the disease (fully vaccinated: 30.3% vs. partially vaccinated: 51.3% and unvaccinated: 54.1%; P = 0.035) were significantly low among vaccinated compared to unvaccinated individuals. To conclude, four out of every five fully vaccinated individuals are estimated to be protected from contracting SARS CoV-2 infection. Vaccination lowered LOS and chances of development of severe disease.

Evaluation of Pubic Angles of the Pelvis and its values for Gender Determination using Digital Radiographs of Indian Population of Bihar

Evaluation of Pubic Angles of the Pelvis and its values for Gender Determination using Digital Radiographs of Indian Population of Bihar

Impact of socioeconomic risk factors on carcinoma cervix: Hospital based pap smear screening of 2 years in Bihar

Introduction: Cervical cancer is leading cause of cancer related morbidity and mortality in Indian women with 123,000 new cases and 67,000 deaths annually. Various socioeconomic associated factors like Income, education, parity, early age at marriage and low awareness about risk factors and symptoms play contributory in initiation and progression from dysplasia to frank cervical carcinoma. Aim: According to National Family Health Survey (NFHS) State fact sheet Bihar year 2015-16, National Census of India year 2011 and Annual Health Survey year 2012-13, various above mentioned socioeconomic associated factors etiological are highly prevalent in female population of Bihar leading to growing number of cervical cancer patients. This study was carried out in a 199 bedded zonal hospital in Bihar to assess the impact of these factors on routine screening cervical pap smears and correlate the findings. Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study carried out by analysing 860 cervical pap smears at a 199 bedded hospital in Bihar from January 2015 to December 2017 with pre defined socioeconomic variables. Majority of patients were from low socioeconomic rural background. Result: Result showed linear correlation all the above risk factors to development of cervical cancer other then level of formal education. Conclusion: More awareness specific to cervical cancer is needed for effective control of cervical cancer. Also more access and effective implementation of cervical cancer screening programs nearest to rural patients and overall improvement in socioeconomic parameters will go a long way in reducing the burden of cervical cancer in developing countries. Keywords: Cervical cancer awareness in Bihar, The bethesda system, Socioeconomic factors, Risk factors, Poverty, Illiteracy.

CT Scan Evaluation of Prevalence of Paradoxical Middle Turbinate In Adult Population of Bihar

Introduction: Middle turbinate overlying the middle meatus is the most important anatomic area in the lateral wall of the nose. It is a thinsheet of bone which curves in different planes very similar to a dried leaf. Paradoxical Middle Turbinate (PMT) is the abnormal curvatureof middle turbinate, where the convex surface faces laterally instead of its usual medial curvature and may block the drainage pathway ofmiddle meatus. The present study aimed at observing the prevalence of the paradoxical middle turbinate in the adult population of Bihar. Subjects and Methods: This was a retrospective study being conducted on 150 patients who presented to the Department of Radiodiagnosis. Their CT scans were analysed for the presence of paradoxical middle turbinate. The results were analysed as percentage and ‘p’ value was calculated using Fischer’s Exact Test. Results: Prevalence of Paradoxical Middle Turbinate was observed in 28 cases i.e. 18.6% cases; 16 in males and 12 in females. ‘p’ value was 0.677 on applying Fisher’s Exact test. Conclusion: Anatomical variations of the paranasal sinus region like paradoxical middle turbinate are quite common cause of diseases involving paranasal sinuses and they must be searched for by the surgeons planning any endoscopic sinus surgery. This study attempted to provide the prevalence of the paradoxical middle turbinate which will definitely help the FESS surgery and its outcomes.