Big Numbers Research Articles

“The House That Jack Built” by Jessie L. Gaynor as an example of an English language operetta for children

“The House That Jack Built” by Jessie L. Gaynor as an example of an English language operetta for children

A Feature Selection based on perturbation theory

Consider a supervised dataset D=[A∣b], where b is the outcome column, rows of D correspond to observations, and columns of A are the features of the dataset. A central problem in machine learning and pattern recognition is to select the most important features from D to be able to predict the outcome. In this paper, we provide a new feature selection method where we use perturbation theory to detect correlations between features. We solve AX=b using the method of least squares and singular value decomposition of A. In practical applications, such as in bioinformatics, the number of rows of A (observations) are much less than the number of columns of A (features). So we are dealing with singular matrices with big condition numbers. Although it is known that the solutions of least square problems in singular case are very sensitive to perturbations in A, our novel approach in this paper is to prove that the correlations between features can be detected by applying perturbations to A. The effectiveness of our method is verified by performing a series of comparisons with conventional and novel feature selection methods in the literature. It is demonstrated that in most situations, our method chooses considerably less number of features while attaining or exceeding the accuracy of the other methods.

SA Sorting: A Novel Sorting Technique for Large-Scale Data

Sorting is one of the operations on data structures used in a special situation. Sorting is defined as an arrangement of data or records in a particular logical order. A number of algorithms are developed for sorting the data. The reason behind developing these algorithms is to optimize the efficiency and complexity. The work on creating new sorting approaches is still going on. With the rise in the generation of big data, the concept of big number comes into existence. To sort thousands of records either sorted or unsorted, traditional sorting approaches can be used. In those cases, we can ignore the complexities as very minute difference exists in their execution time. But in case the data are very large, where execution time or processed time of billion or trillion of records is very large, we cannot ignore the complexity at this situation; therefore, an optimized sorting approach is required. Thus, SA sorting is one of the approaches developed to check sorted big numbers as it works better on sorted numbers than quick sort and many others. It can also be used to sort unsorted records as well.

КРИХКІСТЬ ЯК СТРАТЕГІЧНА ПРОБЛЕМА ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ЕКСПОНЕНТНИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ

The author's method of identifying the organization as exponential and defining problems that are of strategic importance for its activity has been presented in the article. In general, exponential organizations can be defined as having business experience or resulting from reorganization processes, characterized by a high degree of updating of strategic guidelines (organizational methods and structure, management strategies, employees, scientific ideas, production technologies, products), has big numbers (sales, revenue, RD know when you can take significant risks; transform yourself into a platform company; create an industry ecosystem, Curb competitors). It is hypothesized that the strategic problem of exponential organizations is fragility - balancing on the brink of high profits and high risks as a result of the vulnerability to ultra-fast devaluation of ideas, products, information and activities of extremely vigilant competitors, which are also developing along an exponential trajectory. Fragility counteracts, above all, the leader of a company that, recognizing key events, effectively builds business strategy and tactics, pursues a scaling philosophy to ensure big numbers and tangible impact of the company on the global community as a sign of its success.

Big Data Algorithmic Trading Systems Based on Investors’ Mood

abstractTraditional automated trading systems use rules and filters based on Chartism to send orders to the market, aiming to beat the market and obtain positive returns in bullish or bearish contexts. However, these systems do not consider the investors’ mood that many studies have demonstrated its effects over the evolution of financial markets. The authors describe 2 "big data" algorithmic trading systems over Ibex 35 future. These systems send orders to the market to open long or short positions, based on an artificial intelligence model that uses investors’ mood. To measure the investors' mood, the authors use semantic analysis algorithms that qualify as good, bad, or neutral any communication related to Ibex 35 made on social media (Twitter) or news media. After 1.5 years of research, conclusions are: First, the authors observe positive returns, demonstrating that investors’ mood has predictive capacity on the evolution of the Ibex 35. Second, these systems have beaten the Ibex 35 index, showing the imperfect efficiency of the financial markets. Third, big data algorithmic trading systems numbers are better in Sharpe ratio, success rate, and profit factor than traditional trading systems on the Ibex 35, listed in the Trading Motion platform.

Application of the basic module's foundation for factorization of big numbers by the Fеrmаt method

The Fermat method is considered to be the best for factorization of numbers N=p×q in case of close p and q. Computational complexity of the basic algorithm of the method is determined by the number of check values of X when solving equation Y 2 =X 2 ‑N, as well as by complexity of the arithmetic operations. To reduce it, it is proposed to consider admissible those of test values X, for which (X 2 –N)modbb is quadratic residue modulo bb, called basic. Application of basic foundation of module bb makes it possible to decrease the number of check X by the number of times, close to Z=bb/bb * , where bb * is the number of elements of set Т of the roots of equation (Ymodb) 2 modb=((Xmodb) 2 –Nmodb)modb, and Z is the acceleration coefficient. It was determined that magnitude Z(N, bb) is affected by the value of residues Nmodp (at p=2, Nmod8 residues are used). The statement of the problem of finding bb with a maximum Z(N, bb) at restrictions for the amount of memory of the computer, where exponents of prime numbers – multipliers bb – are determined, and the method of its solution were proposed. To decrease the number of arithmetic operations with big numbers, it was proposed that instead of them to perform the operations with the values of differences between the nearest values of elements T. Then arithmetic operations of multiplication and addition with big numbers are performed only in rare cases. And if we derive the square root of X 2 –N only in cases, where the values of (X 2 –N)modb will be quadratic residues for many foundations of module b, other than bb, the computational complexity of this operation can be neglected. It was established that the proposed modified algorithm of the Fermat method for numbers 2 1024 ensures a decrease in computational complexity compared to the basic algorithm on average by 10 7 times

Relevance versus big numbers: Students’ criteria for selecting scholarly references online.

This study examined the effect of the number of citations attributed to documents on third year psychology students' selection of bibliographical references. Our main assumption was that students would take high numbers of citations as accessible relevance cues and use them heuristically to facilitate decision making, potentially bypassing deeper relevance assessment based on semantic processing. Experiment 1 presented the students with a reference selection task while manipulating the number of citations attributed to references, and found that the number of citations had a strong impact on reference selection. Moreover, the effect was independent from topic familiarity and even from students' prior knowledge of what the number of citations meant. Experiment 2 used eye-tracking data to show that this "big number" effect was contingent upon the participants fixating the numbers of citations attributed to documents. Experiment 3 manipulated the semantic relevance of references to the search topic, and demonstrated that the less relevant references were 3 times more likely to be selected when they came with a high number of citations. Overall, the study shows that the number of citations significantly influences students' selections, competing with the semantic relevance of references. Implications for the teaching of online search skills are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

International Conference on Materials Engineering and Science

PrefaceThe First International Conference on Materials Engineering and Sciences (IConMEAS 2018) taking place in stanbul Aydin University, Istanbul - Turkey during August 08-09 2018 was organized by Eman Research Center – Australia, in cooperation with the two institutions: University of Zakho – Iraq, and Universiti Malaysia Perlis – Malaysia.The conference addressed the important theme in supporting the sustainable development: “Insight on the Current Research in Materials Engineering and Science”. The objective of the IConMEAS 2018 was to gather researchers, scientists, educators, scholars, professionals, and students in different fields related to materilas engineering and science and beyond to exchange ideas, share knowledge, and explore possibilities of building cooperation networking.The Proceedings of the conferene consist of all accepted papers and presented by researchers/presenters from different countries, such as Iraq, Malaysia, Turkey, USA, UK, Iran, Japan, Algeria, Russia, Poland, and Oman.It is fair to conclude that the conference was a great success! Big numbers of researchers, scholars and professionals have contributed to turn this event into a smoothly running meeting with interesting presentations and excellent environment for discussion and networking.I would like to take this opportunity to express my deep gratitude to the president of Istanbul Aydin University “Dr. Mustafa Aydın” for his endless support to the conference. I would also thank the members of organizing committee, sponsors, keynote speakers, reviewers and participants who have made this event sucsess.We sincerely hope this conference (IConMEAS 2018) would provide a good opportunity to share knowledges, ideas and experiences as well as to establish new academic collaborations among participants leading to exchange program and joint research and publication for the benefit of all.Dr. Saad Sabbar DahhamChairmanIConMEAS 2018List of committees and keynote speakers are available in this pdf.

Small babies, big numbers: global estimates of preterm birth.

Small babies, big numbers: global estimates of preterm birth.

Economy and the Shaping of the Immigration Policy of the British American Colonies (1624-1775)

Peopling the English colonies in North America was of great importance. The English adopted many strategies to attract immigrants because they needed big numbers of workers to maintain their plantations and their presence in the new continent. This paper deals with the influence of the economic conditions of the British North American colonies in the shaping of their immigration policy. Usually, the focus is on the impact of immigration on the economy of a given society; however, the present work tries to investigate the role that the economy of the colonies played in molding the colonists’ policies towards the attraction of immigrants. The major issue of the paper is centered on the factors that influenced the colonial strategy towards immigration. The work suggests that the colonists’ economics played a key role in drawing the basis of the colonies’ immigration policy).

Semi-automatic measurements and description of the geometry of vascular tree based on B\xe9zier spline curves: application to cerebral arteries

BackgroundThe geometry of the vessels is easy to assess in novel 3D studies. It has significant influence on flow patterns and this way the evolution of vascular pathologies such as aneurysms and atherosclerosis. It is essential to develop robust system for vascular anatomy measurement and digital description allowing for assessment of big numbers of vessels.MethodsA semiautomatic, robust, integrated method for vascular anatomy measurements and mathematical description are presented. Bezier splines of 6th degree and continuity of C3 was proposed and distribution of control points was dependent on local radius. Due to main interest of our institution, the system was primarily used for the assessment of the geometry of the intracranial arteries, especially the first Medial Cerebral Artery division.Results1359 synthetic figures were generated: 381 torus and 978 spirals. Experimental verification of the proposed methodology was conducted on 400 Middle Cerebral Artery divisions.ConclusionsIn difference to other described solution all proposed methodology steps were integrated allows analysis of variability of geometrical parameters among big number of Medial Cerebral Artery bifurcations using single application. This allows for determination of significant trends in the parameters variability with age and in contrary almost no differences between men and women.

Pemberdayaan Personel Dalmas Direktorat Sabhara Polda Bali dalam Peningkatan Kemampuan Pengaanan Unjuk Rasa

Abstract Demonstration in Indonesia on many places can be a riot and sometimes even anarchy though it had ruled by act on Undang Undang Nomber 9/1998. Then, it can not be avoided that the police on handling these domonstrations became on a crash (kerusuhan). The article describes Sabhara Direactorate of Police handle demonstration in Bali. As an institution, police in Bali (Polda) couse of big numbers of demonstrations need special police for handling demonstration that done at Sabhara Departement. It means, very important for up grading the skill by engeneering organitazion in the case for taking savety on action of demonstration. Key Words: empowerment; Mass Control; Handling demonstration

Математические методы в решениях задач третьей международной студенческой олимпиады по криптографии

The mathematical problems and their solutions of the Third International Students' Olympiad in Cryptography NSUCRYPTO'2016 are presented. We consider mathematical problems related to the construction of algebraic immune vectorial Boolean functions and big Fermat numbers, problems about secrete sharing schemes and pseudorandom binary sequences, biometric cryptosystems and the blockchain technology, etc. Two open problems in mathematical cryptography are also discussed and a solution for one of them proposed by a participant during the Olympiad is described. It was the first time in the Olympiad history.

Pemberdayaan Ibu Rumah Tangga melalui Pembinaan Wirausaha Mandiri Pembuatan Sabun Milan dan Kerupuk Ampas Tahu

One of activity occurred in Community Service Program of Unsera is workshop of entrepreneurship which involved the lectures as the supervisor. This workshop is done to established entrepreneurships among housewives in Sukamaju Village, Cikeusal District. We hope that the big numbers of housewives potency at this place can increase the salary for the household and support the needs of the household itself. This workshop produced soap called, Milan Soap and Tofu snacks with variant taste. This workshop also increase the economic level of the people in this place by producing soaps from house oil waste and tofu snacks from tofu waste and develop knowledge about entrepreneurships, accounting and marketing.

Challenges Faced by Women Entrepreneurs in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study

Although there are big numbers of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan, and their percentage in the population is almosthalf 49.6%. They can play an important role in the economy. In Pakistan, most of the studies were on opportunitiesfor the women in Pakistan. In this study, we tried to explore research questions: what sort of difficulties areexperienced by females “entrepreneurs” in Pakistan? How ‘societal and cultural aspects effect “women entrepreneurs”in Pakistan? For this purpose, I opted the qualitative research strategy. There were some emerging themes. In the end,I concluded this study, discussed some limitations, and suggested future directions.

Особенности миграции хищных птиц в Харьковской области, Украина

This article describes the characteristic of the raptor’s (Accipitriformes, Falconiformes) migration through Eastern European plains. We studied issues of a species distribution, number of migrants including between years variations, biotopical preferences, altitude and directions of migration, species composition and strength of migratory groups, important migration, and resting areas, and main threats. Studies were carried out on the territory without “bottleneck” factors. Most species migrate through the Eastern European plain as a sole individual or in pairs, more rarely – in small groups of 2–5 birds. In adverse circumstances, raptors can aggregate in big numbers making flocks. The most numerous species on migration is Common Buzzard ( Buteo buteo ) – a dominant species: 41.8% of all birds of prey observed on migration are Common Buzzards. Subdominant species (from 7–8% to 15%) are Rough-legged Buzzard ( Buteo lagopus ), Eurasian Sparrowhawk ( Accipiter nisus ), Honey Buzzard ( Pernis apivorus ) and Northern Hobby ( Falco subbuteo ). Other common species are Lesser Spotted Eagle ( Aquila pomarina ), Booted Eagle ( Hieraaetus pennatus ), and Marsh Harrier ( Circus aeruginosus ). The number of migrating individuals for most species can be characterized as stable with overall depression in 2013. In 2008–2010 we observed the growth of the number of migrating Honey Buzzards, in 2015 – Short-Toed Eagles ( Circaetus gallicus ) and Common Buzzards, and in 2016 – Ospreys ( Pandion haliaetus ). The main directions of migratory movements in autumn are south-east and south; Rough-legged Buzzards are often moving to the west. In spring birds of prey are flying north-east and north, and less often – north-west. Most of the transit birds of prey were observed at low and middle altitudes (up to 150 m). Eagles ( Aquila genus) are distributed more evenly with a significant number of high altitude migrants (from 350 to 600 m and higher). From 2007 to 2016 we observed shifts to the earliest dates in autumn migration start and peak. The average shift was 10–14 days.

Supplemental Material for Relevance Versus Big Numbers: Students’ Criteria for Selecting Scholarly References Online

Supplemental Material for Relevance Versus Big Numbers: Students’ Criteria for Selecting Scholarly References Online

КРИПТОВАЛЮТЫ И ДЕНЬГИ – ПУТИ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ

The appearance of cryptocurrencies in modern economy raises questions about the nature of this phenomenon. The first question is – if cryptocurrency a new kind of money. It is difficult to answer this question definitely because till recent time the nature of money remained to be a subject of discussion. Now we have a good founded conception, which represents modern understanding of money. It is based on two principles. The first principle is the desire for wealth which exists in any human being, and in the human society as a social community. The second principle is the equality of exchange as a law of economy. Keeping in mind these two principles, we discover that mankind during the whole its history created and used only two kinds of economic operations, which are two kinds of equal exchange: trade and credit. First common economic operation in history was trade, while credit was rather an occasional one. So, money had emerged first from trade. The trade deal was performed by two independent participants. So, the only guaranty of equality of the exchange was the own value of the commodity which was used as money. This is why trade created commodity money, and the best commodities for this task were gold and silver. Credit created a verbal or a written agreement, which was an equivalent of the value of the loan. Commodity money was inconvenient for capitalism, and capitalism created its own money from the agreement between participants of the credit deal. It was possible because capitalism created close economic relations between people. Credit money is in accordance with the requirements of capitalist economy, it performs all necessary functions, it adapts good the influence of progress, and it is convenient for various needs. Modern capitalist economy doesn’t need other kinds of money. Accepting this conception, we treat cryptocurrencies as tokens of various kinds, but not as money. In spite of the word “currency” in the name, these financial instruments are not currencies but tokens suitable for transfer money and some other needs. The anonymity of the deals with these instruments, the absence of public control and some other qualities of that kind became the reason of strong demand for cryptocurrencies and of the rise of their price, especially the price of bitcoins. Flight of capital, some other illegal deals, as well, as the possibility of rapid enrichment attracted people to operations with bitcoins but the rise and fall of its price exposed the scale of risks of such operations. Nevertheless, the main merit of cryptocurrencies is the blockchain system. This system can be successfully used in various industries where exists a need for fixing big numbers of items or of operations. This reasons demand from government economic policy to be careful and wise. The state has time to wait until the processes in this sphere will become more clear and stable. The same approach must be implemented to government regulation of ICO as a new method of attracting investments for business projects. The fact that many deals of that kind were used just to take off money from people must not became a reason to ban these deals. Blockchain system, cryptocurrencies and ICO create a new civil financial society with some kind of self-regulation. Such processes are typical for contemporary time, but they don’t mean introducing a new kind of money. The digital revolution will create its own way of interaction of these instruments with existing credit money, and the new system will inevitably demand some sort of state regulation.

Forest road profile optimization using meta-heuristic techniques

An optimal design of vertical alignment, considering the design constraints and costs is one of the most complicated problems of road planning and construction. The results of many linear, nonlinear and heuristic techniques that can enhance design ability to minimize the total cost of road construction using many different variables are well acknowledged. It is assumed that the genetic algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) can be efficiently applied for road vertical alignment allocation. This paper focuses on solving vertical alignment optimization problem using meta-heuristic algorithms. Two intelligent optimization tools of GA and PSO have been used to find a near optimal forest road profile, connecting specified endpoints considering restrictions associated with forest road profile design with cost evaluation. A number of setting parameters such as population size and crossing over and mutation rate in GA and also best group and particle's position in PSO were tested to search the global optimal answer. Results of optimization by GA and PSO approaches were compared with the common manual road profile drawing method. Results indicated that the GA and PSO could reduce earth work volume costs while designing more smoother and qualified alignment in comparison with the manual design. Results suggested that among the applied optimization methods, the GA was the most suitable one for this feature of the problem since it is able to save optimum position at better solutions with a reduced computed cost. From the cost point of view, it was cleared that optimizing the fixed length of road profile applying GA, with different population size, would be better for big numbers of control points but smoother for low numbers of control points.

Postural balance and 7-meter throw’s accuracy in handball

Abstract This study aims to identify if there is a relation between postural balance and the accuracy of 7 meters throws in handball. There is an increase need to improve the success of the 7 meters throw, due to its impact regarding a win or loss over the past years during high-end competitions. Subjects: 173 subjects were involved in this study, 123 males and 50 females with the ages between 18 and 21 years old. Materials: We’ve conducted the balance test using the AMTI NETforce BP 400600 force platform and for the accuracy test we’ve conducted a shooting trial that quantified the spread of a series of throws from the 7 meters mark. We’ve observed the radial dislocation, area and length of the center of pressure for the balance test and for the shooting trial we’ve measured the distance of the throw from a preset spot. Results: There were no correlation between the important factors of balance like Dislocation, Area, Length, and throwing percentage for the Circle, Area 1, Area 2, Missed balls. Instead, between the 3 important factors of balance, there are strong and positive correlations, drawing the conclusion that when we have big numbers for center of gravity deviations, total trajectory (cm2) and the area values, the chances to score a goal from 7 meters are lower. Conclusions: The results of the study confirm the hypothesis. The objectives for a future study is to find ways/methods to improve the general balance, in order to increase the efficiency for the 7 meters throwing.