Behavior Of School Children Research Articles

The effect of the theory of planned behavior based hand hygiene intervention program on the health outcomes and school absenteeism of the primary school students: Quasi-experimental study.

Acute upper respiratory tract infections are the most common infections among school children. Improving water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities in schools is an important intervention for the healthy development of children. The most important component of this intervention is hand washing, which is the primary infection control measure. This study aims to test the effect of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) based hand hygiene intervention program on the health outcomes and school absenteeism of students. The study is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control groups. The study was conducted with 159 students (intervention: 82, control: 77) in two separate primary schools that were assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group were applied a TPB-based hand hygiene intervention program for the school children. The data were collected using the Student Questionnaire, Hand Hygiene Assessment Question Form, and Surveillance Form. The mean Hand Hygiene Assessment Question Form Hand Hygiene Behavior scores did not differ between the groups in the pre- and posttest (p > .05). In the posttest, the frequency of encountering a ten-week-upper respiratory tract infection symptom (U = 5277.50 p < .0001), school absenteeism days (p = .046) and absenteeism episodes (p = .043) was lower in the intervention group than in the control group. The findings suggest that was concluded that the TPB-based hand hygiene intervention program did not make a difference in creating hand hygiene behavior in school children compared to the classical education. The program was effective in reducing upper respiratory tract infections and school absenteeism due to these infections.

The Impact of School-Based Caries Prevention Programs on DMFT Scores and Oral Health Behaviors in School Children

Oral health promotion is recognized as one of the fundamental components of health-promoting schools. However, few studies have demonstrated the efficacy of supportive school environments for school children’s Oral health. This systematic review evaluates the impact of school-based caries prevention programs on DMFT scores and Oral health behaviours in school children. Objective: To evaluate the impact of school-based caries prevention programs on DMFT Scores and Oral Health Behaviors in school children. Methods: Databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Springer, and Science Direct were searched from January 2009 to February 2024. Prisma guidelines were followed; 1, 950 studies were identified on the first search, titles, and abstracts of 500 papers were screened, 500 full-text papers were screened for eligibility, and 25 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were evaluated, relevant information was extracted, and a systematic review was conducted. Twenty-five studies were included in the systematic review. Results: These results indicate the significant role of SCPP among school-going children. Children with school-based caries prevention programs compared to those with no school-based caries prevention programs showed improved DMFT scores, reduced caries increment, healthy oral health behaviours, consistent Oral health hygienic habits, frequent use of flossing, fluoride toothpaste and mouth rinsing, and increased caries prevention knowledge. Conclusions: It was concluded that based on the pooled results, school-based caries prevention programs provide better, easily accessible, and sustainable caries prevention activities to school children to improve DMFT scores and Oral health behaviours.

Parenting self-efficacy in relation to the family check-up's effect on elementary school children's behavior.

Prior research points to the promotion of parenting self-efficacy (PSE) as an important component of parenting interventions; however, few studies have tested PSE as a mediator or moderator of the effects of parenting programs on child behavior. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of the family check-up (FCU), a brief, strengths-based parenting intervention adapted for kindergarten school entry. We tested the FCU's effects on reducing growth in parent-reported child conduct problems (CP) from kindergarten to fifth grade and whether PSE functioned as a mediator or moderator of intervention effects, using a latent growth curve model and intent-to-treat approach. Participants were parents of 321 children from five elementary schools in a northwestern U.S. city. Although we did not find a main effect of the FCU in reducing growth in CP from kindergarten through fifth grade, we found a significant indirect effect of the FCU on reducing CP growth via improving PSE in second grade and that the indirect effect was moderated by baseline levels of PSE. Together, our findings suggest that the FCU is effective in promoting PSE, which is subsequently associated with reduced CP growth, particularly for parents with initially low PSE. Our findings bolster existing work on the relationship between PSE and child CP in the context of a preventive parenting intervention and emphasize the importance of PSE as an agent of change. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Alexithymia and bullying behavior in students

Background: Bullying behavior among students has become a severe problem that affects their mental and physical well-being. The factors that cause bullying behavior are very complex and involve various aspects. One factor that is receiving increasing attention is alexithymia.Purpose: This study explores the relationship between alexithymia and student bullying behavior.Methods: The research used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional study approach. The research sample consisted of 120 class X students at Senior High School X in Bandung, selected using a total sampling technique. Data was collected by distributing online questionnaires, including the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) to measure alexithymia and the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire for bullying behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Spearman correlation test.Results: The data obtained show that less than half of the respondents (36.7%) experienced high levels of alexithymia, 38.3% likely experienced possible alexithymia, and 25% did not experience alexithymia, while the majority of respondents exhibited high bullying behavior (43.5%). This study shows a positive relationship between alexithymia and student bullying behavior (p &lt;0.0001; r: 0.309).Conclusion: Alexithymia can increase bullying behavior in school children. The higher the level of alexithymia, the greater the tendency to engage in bullying behavior.

A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Single-Case Group Contingency Interventions Targeting Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior in School Children

Group contingencies are well established as methods for reducing disruptive classroom behaviors and increasing academic behaviors. However, their role in increasing prosocial behaviors has not yet been explored to the same extent. We conducted a systematic review of the single-case literature to synthesize the types of prosocial and antisocial behaviors targeted in school settings, the short-term and long-term behavioral contingencies used to target these behaviors, and the quality of the literature. We searched five databases for studies exploring the use of group contingencies to increase prosocial behaviors or decrease antisocial behaviors in children. Our narrative synthesis of the twenty-two included studies noted contingencies employed in these interventions consisted of either positive reinforcement or a combination of positive reinforcement and positive punishment. Of the 22 studies included for review, none met the What Works Clearinghouse Design Standards without reservations. Interobserver agreement and demonstration of effects over time were the most commonly unmet design standards. Future research should seek to encourage greater focus on both prosocial behavior and positive behavior change mechanisms. PROSPERO ID: CRD42022337025.

Analysis of Elementary School Children's Behavior on the Incidence of Diarrhea in Berbek Village, Sidoarjo Regency

Analysis of Elementary School Children's Behavior on the Incidence of Diarrhea in Berbek Village, Sidoarjo Regency

Analysis of Elementary School Children's Behavior on the Incidence of Diarrhea in Berbek Village, Sidoarjo Regency

Analysis of Elementary School Children's Behavior on the Incidence of Diarrhea in Berbek Village, Sidoarjo Regency

Increasing Students' Understanding of Healthy Lifestyles in Efforts to Prevent Diarrhea in Elementary Schools

Diarrhea is still a public health problem in Indonesia, because of its high morbidity and mortality. There are 100,000 Indonesian children who die from diarrhea every year and 300 out of 1000 residents suffer from diarrhea throughout the year. An effective way to prevent diarrhea is to implement Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS). Therefore, it is important to provide community service to increase knowledge about hand washing behavior in school children. The aim of this service is to increase knowledge about PHBS for elementary school students by preventing diarrhea. The target is 33 students from SD Inpres Kanreapia, Balanlohe Hamlet, Kunciopao District. The service method uses a combination of providing materials with PowerPoint, educational songs, and hand washing practices. Extension evaluation uses pre-test and post-test questionnaires to measure knowledge and attitudes before and after extension, which are analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results of the activity showed that there was a very significant difference in knowledge before and after counseling. Counseling on good hand washing practices can influence the knowledge of grade 5 and 6 elementary school students who are respondents at SD Inpres Kanreapia in efforts to prevent diarrhea with clean and healthy living behavior.

Effects of partial blue light blocking glasses on sleep phase and behavior in schoolchildren: a crossover study

Effects of partial blue light blocking glasses on sleep phase and behavior in schoolchildren: a crossover study

МЕТОД ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОГО ВНУШЕНИЯ В СИСТЕМЕ МЕР ПО ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИЮ И ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЮ БРОДЯЖНИЧЕСТВА ПОДРОСТКОВ

The paper considers the urgent problem of prevention and treatment of vagrancy in adolescents, which is quite a frequent deviation in schoolchildren behavior. The issue was studied by such researches as V. S. Mukhina, E. G. Slutsky, A. A. Rezakov, A. M. Nechaeva etc. Adequate and early arranged work with such adolescents can prevent negative consequences of such children being neglected. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the possibility of using relaxation therapy classes in working with such children, which is not conventional for the modern experiential pedagogy. The article offers recommendations on using the method of pedagogical suggestion in relaxed state in most complicated cases of working with children who suffer from learning disabilities, leave home and become vagrant.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH PROBLEMS OF STUDENTS IN SOUTHERN SERBIA DURING THE STATE OF EMERGENCY

The COVID-19 pandemic affected practically every country in the world and changed how people lead their daily lives. The purpose of research was to ascertain the relationship between physical activity levels and the incidence of health issues among pupils. This research was conducted using an anonymous online survey that contained selected questions from the World Health Organization's health behaviour in schoolchildren (HBSC questionnaire). The sample of participants consisted of 500 elementary and high school students from the territory of southern Serbia. It was observed that less than 1% of students reported having poor health, while 6% of participants said that they were dissatisfied with their health overall, compared to 94% of students who reported being satisfied with their health. Additionally, a total of 88% of students evaluated their lives with the highest marks, out of which 28% considered their lives to be the greatest they could possibly be. 90% of participants from this sample of students in southern Serbia reported engaging in physical activity three or more times per week, whereas only 3% of students reported engaging in physical activity only once a week or not at all. The key finding of this study proved that students who engaged in greater physical activity had fewer health issues than students who engaged in the least amount of physical activity. There are numerous benefits to being physically active, including how it influences the maintenance of human health and helps children grow and develop properly. Therefore, the importance of this work is reflected in the possibility of gaining knowledge about physical activity during the state of emergency and the connection between physical activity and health problems that emerged among students in southern Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Особенности школьной адаптации учащихся с расстройствами аутистического спектра на первом году обучения

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;The article discusses the results of the initial stage of a longitudinal study of the school adaptation of children with autism spectrum disorders studying in primary school. The study sample is represented by 78 first-graders with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who study in 20 schools from 14 Russian regions. The study was based on the method of expert assessments obtained through questionnaires of teachers and parents of students. We used the &amp;ldquo;Expert assessment of a child&amp;rsquo;s adaptation to school&amp;rdquo; methodology modified for the needs of the study (V.I. Chirkov, O.V. Sokolova, O.L. Sorokina) and a questionnaire for assessing social skills and behavior of schoolchildren with ASD by L.V. Shargorodskaya. The dynamics of school adaptation of students with ASD was assessed in relation to their personal and educational achievements. By the end of the first year of study, a positive dynamic of the level of school adaptation was found in the sample study. At the same time, educational achievements were more pronounced and personal achievements associated with the expansion of communication opportunities and socialization of children were extremely low. The influence of a number of factors on the school adaptation of children with ASD was revealed, the most significant of which was the factor of children attending correctional classes at preschool age (at least two years). Special school preparation classes (at least one year) and kindergarten attendance at preschool age (at least two years) proved to be significant factors of school adaptation for children with ASD and intellectual disabilities. This sample revealed a negligible impact of remedial classes conducted in the first year of study on the educational results of students with ASD and the absence of the influence of this factor on their personal achievements. Further observation of the group of children included in the study during their primary school education will allow to clarify and supplement the data obtained.&lt;/p&gt;

Reshaping the Cortical Connectivity Gradient by Long-Term Cognitive Training During Development.

The organization of the brain follows a topological hierarchy that changes dynamically during development. However, it remains unknown whether and how cognitive training administered over multiple years during development can modify this hierarchical topology. By measuring the brain and behavior of school children who had carried out abacus-based mental calculation (AMC) training for five years (starting from 7 years to 12 years old) in pre-training and post-training, we revealed the reshaping effect of long-term AMC intervention during development on the brain hierarchical topology. We observed the development-induced emergence of the default network, AMC training-promoted shifting, and regional changes in cortical gradients. Moreover, the training-induced gradient changes were located in visual and somatomotor areas in association with the visuospatial/motor-imagery strategy. We found that gradient-based features can predict the math ability within groups. Our findings provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of network recruitment impacted by long-term cognitive training during development.

Medical, psychological, and pedagogical correction of clinical manifestations of aggressive behavior in school children in the context of inclusive education

The article provides an overview of clinical manifestations of aggressive behavior in students with limited health capacities. The causes, mechanisms, and methods of medical and psychological correction of disorders that contribute to the prevention of various forms of maladaptation of children with limited health capacities in the context of the implementation of an inclusive education model are analyzed. An experimental study of 84 adolescents studying in the conditions of the inclusive education model was conducted. The methodology by A. Bass and A. Darki «Diagnostics of the State of Aggres sion» allowed determining the degree of severity and type of aggressive reactions. In order to assess the communicative characteristics of adolescents, the methodology «Assessing the relationship of a teenager with a class» was used. The questionnaire of interpersonal relations allowed evaluating the ways of a person's attitude to the people around. The main motives of bullying in the context of inclusive education are as follows: attracting attention by behavior that goes beyond school norms; self-asser tion over physically weaker children; protection or revenge, which may be compensatory reactions in response to systematic harassment; the fulfillment of leadership qualities in order to subdue weaker and dependent classmates. The results of the study make it possible to develop recommendations, the implementation of which will contribute to the prevention of maladaptive forms of behavior, such as interpersonal conflicts, verbal and physical aggression, and suicidal behavior. Only an integrated ap proach, including the activities of various specialists, i.e. psychiatrists, psychotherapists, neurologists, pediatricians, psychologists, teachers, and other specialists, will contribute to the successful implementation of an inclusive model of education for people with limited health capacities. The long-term result of the process is the formation of a common inclusive culture in modern Russian societ y.

0311 Partial blue light blocking glasses advanced sleep phase but did not alter salivary melatonin secretion in Japanese schoolchildren

Abstract Introduction A late bedtime is one of the most common characteristics of sleep habits in modern society. This is also the case for schoolchildren, with negative consequences for their academic performance. Light exposure at night, particularly blue wavelength light, was thought to delay bedtime, and melatonin suppression via blue light was considered to be one of the mechanisms responsible for the delayed sleep phase. Methods In the current study, we evaluated the effects of partial blue light blocking glasses (JINS Screen Lens Heavy [40%cut]) on salivary melatonin levels, sleep and circadian phase and daytime behavior (via actigraphs and questionnaires), with and without blue light blocking (JINS Standard Clean Lens) glasses in 39 male school children (ages between 10-12). The study design was a cross over design, with respective glasses worn for 3 hours before the habitual bedtime for two weeks, with a one-week washout period (with their own regular glasses) in between sessions. Saliva collections and questionnaires were performed during the first and second weeks of each session, with saliva collected -3, -2, -1, and 0 hours before the habitual bedtime. Actigraph data were collected throughout the evaluation periods. Results We found that while partial blue light blocking glasses had no effect on salivary melatonin levels, they did significantly advance the sleep phase compared to the non-filter session (bedtime: 22.03±0.08h vs. 22.1±0.1h, sleep onset: 22.26±0.08h vs. 22.36±0.10h, p= 0.04). The filter effects were most noticeable in the second week, where significant advances in bedtime (-0.12h, p=0.03), sleep onset (-0.14h, p=0.03), wake up time (-0.13h, p=0.02), and leaving-bed time (-0.14h, p=0.02) from the 1st week were observed, whereas no changes were seen during the control session (without filter). Along with the sleep phase advancement observed, daytime irritability and acting out towards siblings and friends were significantly reduced in the second week of the filter session. Conclusion Our results suggest that partial blue light blocking glasses advanced the sleep phase and improved behavior in schoolchildren, but that the effects were not mediated by changes in melatonin secretion. Further research into the mechanisms involved is warranted. Support (if any) This study was supported by Jins Holdings Inc (SPO236998).

A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of the Archena Infancia Saludable Project on 24-h Movement Behaviors and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Schoolchildren: A Pilot Study Protocol

Objective: The aim of this paper is to describe the protocol of pilot cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) that will evaluate the effects of a lifestyle-based intervention. The Archena Infancia Saludable project will have several objectives. The primary objective of this project is to determine the 6-month effects of a lifestyle-based intervention on adherence to 24-h movement behaviors and Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in schoolchildren. The secondary objective of this project is to test the intervention effects of this lifestyle-based intervention on a relevant set of health-related outcomes (i.e., anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, perceived physical fitness, sleep habits, and academic performance). The tertiary objective is to investigate this intervention's "halo" effect on parents'/guardians' 24-h movement behaviors and adherence to the MedDiet. Methods: The Archena Infancia Saludable trial will be a cluster RCT submitted to the Clinical Trials Registry. The protocol will be developed according to SPIRIT guidelines for RCTs and CONSORT statement extension for cluster RCTs. A total of 153 eligible parents/guardians with schoolchildren aged 6-13 years will be randomized into an intervention group or a control group. This project focuses on two fundamental pillars: 24-h movement behaviors and MedDiet. It will mainly focus on the relationship between parents/guardians and their children. Behavior change strategies for dietary and 24-h movement behaviors in schoolchildren will be based on healthy lifestyle education for parents/guardians through infographics, video recipes, brief video clips, and videos. Conclusions: Most of the current knowledge on 24-h movement behaviors and adherence to the MedDiet is based on cross-sectional or longitudinal cohort studies, warranting a need to design and conduct RCTs to obtain more robust evidence on the effect of a healthy lifestyle program to increase 24-h movement behaviors and to improve adherence to the MedDiet in schoolchildren.

ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF CHRONOBIOLOGICAL PERSONALITY TYPE IN THE FORMATION OF INTERNET-ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR IN SCHOOLCHILDREN

The purpose of the study. To evaluate the role of chronobiological personality type in the formation of Internet-addictive behavior in schoolchildren.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The study involved 25 students of both sexes of the 6th grade of secondary school No. 84 in Krasnoyarsk. The chronobiological personality type was determined using the Morningness-Evningness Questionnaire. The Chen Internet addiction Scale was used to assess the level of Internet addiction.&#x0D; Results. The most common chronobiological type among students was the daytime chronotype. A pronounced and stable pattern of Internet addictive behavior on the CIAS scale was detected in 8,0% of the surveyed schoolchildren, among whom there were only girls. The frequency of gaming addiction was higher in boys, while the frequency of social media addiction was 3 times higher among girls compared to boys. Internet addiction was observed mainly in adolescents with a daytime chronotype. The frequency of gambling addiction was twice as high among the representatives of the evening chronotype, while dependence on social networks was twice as common among schoolchildren of the daytime chronobiological type.&#x0D; Conclusion. It was found that Internet addiction was observed mainly in students with a daytime chronobiological type.

Effect of solution-focused approach on problematic internet use, health behaviors in schoolchildren

BackgroundProblematic internet use negatively affects adolescents' health behaviors and school success. PurposeThis study evaluated the effects of a solution-focused approach (SFA) on adolescents' problematic internet use, health behaviors, and perceived academic success. MethodsA randomized controlled experimental design was used with pre-test–post-test. The sample comprised 128 middle school students, with 64 in the intervention group and 64 in the control group. Data were collected using an information form, Young's Internet Addiction Test, the Nutrition–Exercise Behavior Scale, and the Nutrition–Exercise Attitude Scale. The intervention group attended six SFA group meetings. Results“The intervention group's, mean pre- and post-test internet addiction scores were 35.65 ± 4.43 and 17.07 ± 5.01, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the post test groups (p < 0.05) for mean internet addiction, total nutrition–exercise attitude, and total nutrition–exercise behavior and subdimension (except regular meals) scores and perceived academic success. Implications for practice and research: SFA may prevent students' uncontrolled internet use, help them gain positive health behaviors, and increase perceived academic success. The school nurse, on the other hand, may support the adolescent and their families with solution-focused interview strategies.

Validation of the illustrated questionnaire on eating and sedentary behaviors (QUICAS) for seven to ten-year-old children

The Illustrated Questionnaire on Eating and Sedentary Behaviors (QUICAS) was developed and validated for schoolchildren seven to ten years old. It used previous day recall and was illustrated with ten eating behaviors (referring to the act of eating without distractions, with company, on a regular basis, the type of food eaten, and participation in tasks involved in meal preparation) and five sedentary behaviors (related to the use of television, computer, tablet, cell phone, and video game). The instrument was validated in four stages: (1) Its content was developed based on literature review and expert evaluation; (2) Items were validated by comparing the responses of children and their parents, through a questionnaire on Google Forms. At this stage, a convenience sample was adopted, consisting of 145 parent-child dyads. High sensitivity (average of 90.7%); high specificity (mean of 87.9%); low number of false positives (mean of 12.1%); low number of false negatives (mean of 9.3%); almost perfect agreement between the child's and the parent's reports (k = 0.81); and low disagreement (≤22%) were found. In addition, the child's gender and age did not significantly influence the child's report. (3) The illustrations were validated in a focus group with 18 children, who satisfactorily described all the eating and sedentary behaviors of the illustrations. (4) In the pretest of the questionnaire on Google Forms, with the participation of 15 children, the majority (86.7%) judged the questionnaire as excellent or good. Therefore, the QUICAS is valid to assess eating and sedentary behaviors in schoolchildren seven to ten years old.

Translation and validation of the high-school satisfaction scale (H-SatP Scale) in Peruvian students

Risk behaviors in schoolchildren can negatively influence and affect their wellbeing. Therefore, it is necessary to have a validated tool to measure student satisfaction in specific areas of the school. The objective of this study was to adapt to Spanish and evaluate the psychometric properties of the H-Sat Scale in Peruvian students. The participants were 691 high school students between 11 and 18 years old (M = 13.96, SD 1.38) who were administered the H-Sat Scale. The scale was translated into Spanish (H-SatP Scale) using the forward and backward method. The scale presented adequate internal consistency for each of the five factors (ordinal α, CR, ω, and H &amp;gt; 70). Confirmatory analysis confirmed the five-dimensional structure (χ2 = 620.864, df = 160; CFI = 0.982, TLI = 0.978, RMSEA = 0.065, SRMR = 0.032). This measurement tool could be used for the evaluation of interventions in school and health contexts to assess other aspects of wellbeing necessary for their development in school-age students.