BDI Scores Research Articles

CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL INDICATORS OVER TIME IN OVERWEIGHT PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA RECEIVING STANDARD THERAPY VS. STANDARD THERAPY WITH A COMPLEX OF REHABILITATION MEASURES

The combination of bronchial asthma and obesity leads to increased severity of bronchial asthma course and poorer control level, the development of resistance to basic therapy, and increased frequency of hospitalizations. Modern approaches to the treatment of bronchial asthma and obesity suggest that more attention should be paid to comprehensive rehabilitation programs using methods aimed at all pathogenesis stages of this combination of diseases. Objective: to analyze changes in clinical and functional indicators over time in overweight patients with bronchial asthma receiving standard therapy vs. standard therapy with a complex of rehabilitation measures The study involved 102 overweight patients (body mass index (BMI) ≤ 39.9 kg/height, m2) with persistent asthma of moderate severity aged 35–60 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I included 72 patients receiving standard pharmacologic therapy (budesonide 160 μg and formoterol 4.5 μg) along with a diet close to the Mediterranean diet, as well as a complex of rehabilitation measures, which included Buteyko breathing technique plus respiratory gymnastics and dosed walking. Group II (30 patients) received only standard pharmacologic therapy along with a diet close to the Mediterranean diet. The duration of the therapy was 6 months. All patients underwent general clinical studies, spirometry, the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) with dyspnea assessment according to the Borg Dyspnoea Scale, surveys using the Asthma Control Questionnaire-5, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Beck Depression Inventory, and Spielberger–Khanin Anxiety Inventory. It was found that the patients receiving treatment along with physical rehabilitation measures presented with more pronounced positive changes, so the indices of FVC and 6MWT medians in Group I were 6 times and 2.4 times higher, respectively. The changes in ACQ5, SGRQ, BDI, and SAI-t score medians in Group I were also more prominent and exceeded the values in Group II by 1.8 times, 4.4 times, 2.5 times, and 3.5 times, respectively. Inclusion of physical rehabilitation measures, i.e. Buteyko breathing technique, respiratory gymnastics, and dosed walking, contributes to a significant increase in FEV1 and statistically significant improvement in quality of life and psychological status after 6 months of therapy.

The Effect of Synbiotic and Probiotic Supplementation on Mental Health Parameters in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Introduction:The purpose of this double-blind clinical trial, was to examine the effect of supplementation with the synbiotic and probiotic on the mental health, quality of life, and anemia in HD patients.Methods:Seventy-five HD patients were randomly assigned to receive the synbiotic (n = 23) as 15 g of prebiotics, 5 g of probiotic powder containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Bifidobacterium longum (2.7 × 107 CFU/g each); probiotics (n = 23) as 5 g probiotics similar to the synbiotic group with 15 g of maltodextrin as placebo; and placebo (n = 19) as 20 g of maltodextrin. Serum hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin (Alb) were measured. Beck depression and anxiety index (BDI/BAI) was used to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety. The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed using the questionnaire SF-36.Results:From baseline to 12 weeks, synbiotic and probiotic supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in BDI and BAI score in comparison to the placebo (P < 0.05). Between and intergroup comparison showed no significant changes between the groups in terms of HRQoL. However, the serum Hb level increased significantly in the synbiotic and probiotic group compared to the placebo group (P < 0.001).Conclusion:Overall, 12 weeks of synbiotic and probiotic supplementation resulted in an improvement in mental health and anemia compared with the placebo, whereas they failed to enhance the quality of life in HD patients.

Quality of Life in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Parkin-Related Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction: Mutations in the Parkin gene are the most common cause of autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about the quality of life (QoL) in Parkin-related PD. Here, we investigated the patterns of QoL in newly diagnosed Parkin-related PD patients.Methods: Newly diagnosed PD patients (diagnosis made within 12 months) who had an age of onset (AOO) below 40 and underwent a PD-related genetic testing, were recruited (n = 148). Among them, 24 patients carried bi-allelic variants in Parkin (PD-Parkin) and 24 patients did not have any known causative PD mutations, or risk variants (GU-EOPD). The clinical materials, relevant factors and determinants of QoL were analyzed.Results: PD-Parkin patients had a younger AOO (p = 0.003) and longer disease duration (p = 0.005). After adjustment for AOO and disease duration, more dystonia (p = 0.034), and worse scores of non-motor symptoms including Beck depression inventory (BDI, p = 0.035), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS, p = 0.044), and subdomains of depression/anxiety (p = 0.015) and sleep disorders (p = 0.005) in Non-motor symptoms questionnaire, were found in PD-Parkin comparing with GU-EOPD. PD-Parkin patients had poorer QoL (adjusted p = 0.045), especially in the mobility (adjusted p = 0.025), emotional well-being (adjusted p = 0.015) and bodily discomfort dimensions (adjusted p = 0.016). BDI scores (p = 0.005) and ESS scores (p = 0.047) were significant determinants of QoL in PD-Parkin.Conclusion: Newly diagnosed PD-Parkin patients showed worse QoL. More depression and excessive daytime sleepiness predicted worse QoL. For clinicians, management of depression and excessive daytime sleepiness is suggested to better improve QoL in patients with Parkin mutations.

The alteration of cognitive function networks in remitted patients with major depressive disorder: an independent component analysis

IntroductionDysfunctional connectivity of resting-state functional networks has been observed in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), particularly in cognitive function networks including the central executive network (CEN), default mode network (DMN) and salience network (SN). Findings from studies examining how aberrant functional connectivity (FC) changed after antidepressant treatment, however, have been inconsistent. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to explore potential mechanisms of altered cognitive function networks during resting-state between remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD) patients and healthy controls (HCs) and furthermore, the relationship between dysfunctional connectivity patterns in rMDD and clinical symptoms. MethodologyIn this study, 19 HCs and 19 rMDD patients were recruited for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. FC was evaluated with independent component analysis for CEN, DMN and SN. Two sample t tests were conducted to compare differences between rMDD and HCs. A Pearson correlation analysis was also performed to examine the relationship between connectivity of networks and cognitive function scores and clinical symptoms. ResultsCompared to healthy controls, remitted patients showed lower connectivity in CEN, mostly in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG), middle frontal gyrus (MFG), inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and part of the supramarginal gyrus (SMG). Conversely, the bilateral insula, part of the SMG (a key node of the CEN) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) of the DMN showed higher connectivity in rMDD patients. Pearson correlation results demonstrated that connectivity of the right IPL in CEN was positively correlated with cognitive function scores, and connectivity of the left insula was negatively correlated with BDI scores. ConclusionsThough rMDD patients reached the standard of clinal remission, unique impairments of FC in cognitive function networks remained. Aberrant FC between cognitive function networks responsible for executive control was observed in rMDD and may be associated with residual clinical symptoms.

A Study of Psychological Factors Associated with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Use of Health Care.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to analyze the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and childhood trauma in functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) patients who visited the brain-gut axis clinic.MethodsThe study participants included 99 individuals who were diagnosed with FGID by gastroenterologists, 88 individuals who had no FGID but showed symptoms of FGID based on the Rome criteria, and 79 individuals who did not show any symptoms or were diagnosed with FGID. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and childhood trauma were evaluated by the Korean version of Beck-depression inventory-II (K-BDI-II), Korean version of Beck anxiety inventory (K-BAI), and Korean version of childhood trauma questionnaire (K-CTQ), respectively.ResultsThe BDI score, BAI score, and CTQ score were significantly different between the groups. The group also had higher odds for developing anxiety as compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 10.215, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 2.49−41.76). Additionally, the FGID group had higher odds for developing symptoms of depression (OR = 5.554, 95% CI 2.06−14.97) and experiencing physical violence (OR = 3.128, 95% CI 1.53−6.38) than the non-FGID group.ConclusionThis study showed that FGID patients were more likely to have symptoms of depression, severe anxiety, and childhood trauma, which were the risk factors of FGID.

Psychopathological Comorbidities and Clinical Variables in Patients With Medication Overuse Headache

The psychopathological profile of patients with medication overuse headache (MOH) appears to be particularly complex. To better define it, we evaluated their performance on a targeted psychological profile assessment. We designed a case-control study comparing MOH patients and matched healthy controls (HC). Headache frequency, drug consumption, HIT-6, and MIDAS scores were recorded. All participants filled in the following questionnaires: Beck Depression Inventory-II Edition (BDI-2), trait subtest of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). The primary endpoint was to establish if MOH patients have an altered psychopathological profile. The secondary endpoint was to establish whether the worst profile correlates with the worsening of headache and disability measures. We enrolled 48 consecutive MOH patients and 48 HC. MOH patients showed greater difficulty in recognition/regulation of emotions (DERS, TAS-20), depression (BDI-2), anxiety (STAI-Y), and impulsiveness (BIS-11). We found a positive correlation among DERS, BDI-2, STAI-Y, and BIS scores and MIDAS and HIT-6 scores and among DERS and headache frequency and drug consumption. MOH patients showed a high rate of emotion regulation difficulties, depression, and anxiety, which may negatively affect their headaches. The ability to regulate/recognize emotions may play a central role in sustaining medication overuse.

Is erectile dysfunction related to self-esteem and depression? A prospective case-control study.

Sexual activity is important role in life of men. Decreased sexual function has a negative impact on the quality of life of the patients and their partners. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship of erectile dysfunction (ED) with self-esteem, symptom severity and depression. The 80 patients were evaluated prospectively. Group 1 (cases group) included 40 patients who with ED an age range of up to 18-70years. Group 2 (healthy control group) included 40 patients who apply to the urology clinic for various reasons without ED. All patients were filled international index of erectile function-5 (IIEF-5), Beck Depression questionnaire (BDI-2) and Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaires (RESQ). Demographic characteristics and inventory results of the patients were compared between the two groups. Significant differences were found between the two groups in IIEF-5, RESQ and BDI-2 scores. In Group 1, IIEF-5 score was low, RESQ, BDI-2 scores were significantly higher (All scores p<0.001). As a result people significantly reflect their sexual satisfaction in their social life. The patients with mild ED are not entirely satisfied in spite of normal sexual frequency. This situation causes significantly low the self-esteem of men. Prevention of ED will contribute to increased self-esteem and happy lives.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-stroke depression: a randomised trial with neurophysiological insight.

Despite high incidence of depression after stroke, few trials have investigated the therapeutic efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Here, we aimed to evaluate clinical benefit of delivering a higher dose of rTMS compared to previous stroke trials. Secondary aims were to document adverse effects and investigate the role of functional connectivity as a potential mechanism of clinical response to rTMS treatment. Eleven chronic stroke survivors were recruited to a double-blind, Sham-controlled, randomised trial to investigate 10 sessions of high-frequency rTMS for depression. Clinical assessments were obtained at baseline, after treatment and a 1-month follow-up. Adverse events were documented at completion of the treatment. Resting electroencephalography recordings were performed at baseline and after treatment to estimate functional connectivity. There were no differences in baseline characteristics between groups (all p ≥ 0.42). Beck Depression Inventory scores decreased for the Active rTMS group from baseline to 1-month follow-up (p = 0.04), but did not change for the Sham group at post-treatment or follow-up (p ≥ 0.17). Stronger theta frequency functional connectivity between the left frontal cortex and right parietal cortex was associated with lower baseline depression (r = - 0.71, p = 0.05). This network strength increased following Active rTMS, with change in connectivity associated with improvement in BDI scores (r = 0.98, p = 0.001). Adverse events were transient and minor and were not statistically different between groups (p ≥ 0.21). Active rTMS significantly improved depression and was well tolerated. The mechanistic role of theta frequency functional connectivity appears worthy of further investigation. The trial was registered on the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619001303134) on September 23, 2019.

MDD Responds Equally To dTMS With And Without Comorbid Personality Disorders

Background: Analysis of collected data was performed in order to determine if Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS) would be effective at improving depression symptoms in MDD patients with and without a comorbid personality disorder. Method: One hundred seven patients with MDD were treated with TMS using the H1 coil. Treatment was delivered heterogeneously with either a high frequency protocol, or an intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS). Patients received a range of treatments between 3 and 92 sessions (m = 42.94.) Phq9 and BDI were collected throughout treatment and either the last measurement or the first BDI/PHq9 taken after the thirtieth treatment were used for analysis. Of those 107 MDD patients, 18 were diagnosed with a comorbid personality disorder of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), or Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD). Eighty-nine of the patients were diagnosed with MDD and did not have a comorbid personality disorder. Results: Paired T-tests between pre/post BDI demonstrated an overall reduction of BDI scores in MDD patients, t(106) = 8.63, p < .01, d = 0.79. Paired T-tests showed a reduction in pre-post BDI scores in MDD patients without personality disorders, t (88) = 7.74, p<.01, d = 0.75. Paired T-tests also showed a reduction in BDI scores in MDD patients with a comorbid personality disorder, t (17) = 3.77, p <.01, d = 0.75. Conclusion: Results indicate that dTMS reduces depression symptoms in MDD patients with and without a comorbid personality disorder. Conflicts of Interest: None to report Funding: Brainsway/Brooklyn Minds

The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on People With Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has radically changed the world in a few weeks. Italy has been one of the first and most affected countries with more than 30,000 deaths up to now. Public health measures as quarantine or national lockdown are necessary to limit the spread of infectious diseases, but it is unsurprising that depriving people of their liberty has negative psychological effects. This is especially the case for people with chronic diseases, including neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis (MS). People with MS (PwMS) have a higher burden of neuropsychiatric comorbidities and are known to undertake maladaptive coping strategies in stress conditions. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on mental health of an Italian cohort of PwMS in comparison with healthy controls (HCs).Methods: A total of 60 PwMS and 50 HCs (chosen among patients' cohabitants) were asked to answer a Web-based survey. This survey inquired about the impact of COVID-19 on patient's quality of life, job, and daily routine. Mood, fatigue, and sleep quality were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), the Generalized Anxiety Disease 7 (GAD-7), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).Results: Overall, patients had higher scores of BDI, FSS, and PSQI, and these differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). When we looked at the subscores of the BDI, we detected a statistically significant difference for the neurovegetative part—that concerns with sleep, appetite, sex, and quality of sleep (p < 0.05). One out of five patients reported new symptoms or worsening of known symptom, in particular, sensory disturbances, and fatigue. However, no symptoms were severe enough to require hospitalization. When we looked for correlations among variables, we found that there was a significant relationship between unemployment and BDI total score, GAD-7, and PSQI in MS group. The presence of new symptoms or the worsening of symptoms positively related to FSS and to PSQI.Discussion: We identified that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic had a significant impact on the psychological status of patients with MS. Compared with the general population, PwMS presented a higher burden of depressive symptoms, a worse sleep quality and perceived an increase in fatigue level, one of the most disabling symptoms of MS. The COVID-19 epidemic poses a challenge to psychological resilience. More studies are warranted to better understand the long-term consequences of the pandemic on mental health of vulnerable people during the disease outbreaks.

Η ψυχοκοινωνική υγεία των οικογενειών με παιδιά με διαταραχές αυτιστικού φάσματος

The present study aimed to investigate depressive symptoms in families having a child with Autistic Spectrum Disorders. For the estimation of depression symptoms in parents, (N=58) the Βeck Depression Inventory (B.D.I; Beck &amp;Beamesderfer, 1974) was used and for the assessment of depressive symptoms in siblings (N=28) the Youth Self Report(YSR; Achenbach &amp;Rescorla, 2001) was used. Analysis of the data revealed the presence of depressive symptoms in parents with mothers having higher scores in BDI than their husbands. In addition, the presence of depressive symptoms in one of the parents was significant correlated with depressive symptoms in their partners. The analysis of the results concerning the presence of depressive symptoms in siblings revealed that there were no symptoms of depression and their internalizing scores were at typical range. For the interpretation of the results many individual, family and social factors were under consideration.

Somatosensory dysfunction related neuropathic pain component affects disease activity, functional status and quality of life in ankylosing spondylitis.

To investigate the neuropathic pain (NP) component in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to assess the relations between NP and disease characteristics. Eighty participants were included in this study. Demographic properties, duration of disease, laboratory values and clinical assessments (visual analog scale [VAS], Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index [BASDAI], Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index [BASFI], Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index [BASMI], Short Form [SF]-36 questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]) were recorded. The NP component was assessed by both DN4 and PainDETECT questionnaires (PD-Q) and patients were classified into groups according to questionnaire scores. NP component was detected by the DN4 and PD-Q in 40% and 28.7% of our patients, respectively. Likely-NP group had significantly higher scores in VAS-pain, BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI and BDI compared with both uncertain-NP and unlikely-NP groups. There was no significant difference between the SF-36 scores of the likely-NP and uncertain-NP groups. Moreover, all SF-36 scores were significantly lower in the likely-NP group than in the unlikely-NP group. Based on DN4 scale, patients with NP had significantly higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), VAS, BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI scores and significantly lower SF-36 (except social functioning) scores compared to patients without NP. Both painDETECT and DN4 scores of the patients were significantly positively correlated with ESR, VAS, BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, BDI scores and negatively correlated with all SF-36 scores. Our results revealed that the presence of NP component in patients with AS is associated with various disease-related variables, including pain, high disease activity, reduced mobility of the axial skeleton, depression and poor quality of life.

Continuity of care is associated with satisfaction with local health care services

BackgroundSatisfaction is a major element in assessing quality of care. It has decreased in Finland in recent decades as well as continuity of care. We investigated which demographic, health-related, and local health care service factors, especially continuity of care, are associated with the population’s satisfaction with local health care services.MethodsThe data are part of the Health and Social Support (HeSSup) study’s follow-up questionnaire in 2012. The study is based on a random Finnish population sample. Satisfaction was studied based on the question “How satisfied are you with your local health care services?” Demographic factors, obesity, self-assessed health status, depressive mood (BDI-12 questionnaire), New York Heart Association class, and chronic diseases were asked in the questionnaire. Questions describing local health care services were also presented. We assessed the association of an assigned and named GP and the respondents’ proactivity in contacting the same doctor with satisfaction. We used crosstabulation and binary logistic regression in the analyses.ResultsThe Health and Social Support study was answered in 2012 by 15,993 participants (45.4%) and majority (61.3%) was satisfied with their local health care services. An assigned and named GP (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.67–1.92) and the respondent’s proactivity in contacting the same doctor (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.15–1.32) were associated with satisfaction in the adjusted multivariate analysis. BDI score < 19 had the strongest association with satisfaction (OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.65–2.23). Older participants, males, and those in a relationship were more likely to be satisfied.ConclusionsA named GP in primary care proved to have a positive correlation with patient satisfaction. Depression was associated with decreased satisfaction. A named GP indicates continuity of care, and it should be seriously considered when planning treatment for patients with chronic conditions.

Isokinetic evaluation of the trunk muscle strength in housewives with fibromyalgia: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundIt is known that physical activity and muscular performance are reduced in fibromyalgia (FM) syndrome. This study aims to compare the performance of trunk muscles in women with FM and healthy controls and evaluate the correlation between trunk muscle strength and FM severity.MethodsForty-six patients with FM and 42 age- and body mass index-matched healthy housewives without FM were included in the FM and control groups, respectively. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) was used for the assessment of FM severity. The pain intensity was evaluated using the visual analogical scale (VAS). An isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure the isokinetic trunk muscle strength. The peak torque (PT) values were recorded. The psychological status of the patients was evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in terms of age, BMI, and BDI scores in two groups (p > 0.05, for all). The isokinetic trunk extensor PT values were significantly lower in the FM group (p = 0.002 for 60°/s, and p < 0.001 for 90°/s and 120°/s) than control group. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between FIQ score and isokinetic extensor muscle parameters.ConclusionThe results indicate that trunk extensor muscles were significantly weaker in FM patients. Trunk extensor muscle strength decreased as FM severity increased in FM patients.

The negative impact of depressive symptoms on patient and technique survival in peritoneal dialysis: a prospective cohort study.

The relationship between depression and long-term clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis is unclear. This study was to explore the effect of depressive symptoms on patient survival and technique survival in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Patients who had received CAPD therapy for ≥ 3months were recruited from January to June, 2009, with follow-up until June, 2019. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms (BDI scores ≥ 14) at baseline. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was technique failure. Participants were 275 CAPD patients (mean age 49.6 ± 15.9years, male 54.2%). Of these, 86 (31.3%) experienced depressive symptoms. The depressive group had fewer males, longer PD duration at enrollment, higher calcium levels, and lower residual glomerular filtration rates (all P < 0.05) than the non-depressive group. Long-term patient survival (P = 0.037) and technique survival (P = 0.003) were significantly poorer in depressive group than in non-depressive group. After adjustment for confounders in multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models, depressive symptoms remained independent predictors of mortality risk [hazard ratio (HR) 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-2.48; P = 0.035] and technique failure (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.07-3.47; P = 0.029). The prevalence of patients with depressive symptoms was 31.3% in this cohort. The patient survival rate and technique survival rate in depressive group were lower than in non-depressive group. Depressive symptoms were independent risk factors for long-term mortality and technique failure in CAPD patients.

The analysis of female sexual functions, sexual satisfaction and depressive symptoms according to menstrual cycle phases

This study was planned to investigate women’s sexual functions, sexual satisfaction and depressive symptoms according to menstrual cycle phases. It was performed with 96 women with similar characteristics among women having regular menstruation. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 4 face-to-face interviews were conducted with women. In the collection of data, Diagnostic Form, FSFI and SSS-W were used at the time between the follicular and luteal phases. In both follicular and luteal phase, blood samples were collected to evaluate the serum hormone levels. According to the findings, FSFI and SSS-W total subdimension scores of women were determined to be higher in the luteal phase. According to the results of hormone analysis, sexual function and sexual satisfaction were not significantly affected in both menstrual phases. The depressive symptoms were found to have a significant effect on sexual satisfaction. It was shown that in independent groups as in with/without depression, the BDI scores had a low effect on the DHEA-S level and moderate effect on the SHBG, E2 and Prolactin levels; in spite of this, had no effect on Progesterone and F. Testosterone levels. As a result, it can be said that sexual functions and sexual satisfaction according to menstrual phases are affected by both hormonal and nonhormonal factors.

Yellow flag on prognostic factors for non-specific chronic low back pain patients subjected to mini-invasive treatment: a cohort study.

Research was conducted to study the efficacy of analgesic infiltration treatment in a well-selected population of patients with non-specific drug-resistant chronic low back pain. It studied the pain on a numeric rating scale and the physical and mental condition of patients using a short-form health survey-36, before and six months after invasive pain treatment. This is a prospective observational single center cohort study. The study took place in the Multimodal Pain Therapy Unit of the IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences in Bologna, Italy. Four hundred and thirteen out of a total 538 patients admitted to the unit with non-specific drug-resistant chronic low back pain were enrolled in the study. Patients were enrolled with written consent between April 2017 and November 2018. The study assessed NRS, BDI and SF-36 scores before and six months after mini-invasive treatment. There is an inverse correlation between Mental Component Scale (MCS) and Physical component scale as measured by SF-36. Older patients in a worse physical condition but with a more positive outlook on their quality of life were more likely to improve after invasive treatment (p < 0.001). The BDI scale is more effective in the diagnosis of depression than MCS. The prognostic value of MCS given to the patient before mini-invasive treatment could lead physicians to adopt a multimodal approach that includes consideration of the psychological features of pain and possibly antidepressant therapy.

ROC Curve in Evaluation of Diagnostic Value of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D for PCOS with Depression.

The objective of this study was to apply receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate diagnostic value of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25-(OH)D] for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) combined with depression. Serum 25-(OH)D level was determined in 106 PCOS patients. Beck depression scale (BDI) and ROC curve were used to assess the objective. Results showed that there were 40 cases (37.74%) in combined depression group, and 66 (62.26%) in non-combined depression group. Number of patients with depression family history and BDI score in combined depression group were higher than those in non-combined depression group (p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively). Serum 25-(OH)D level in combined depression group was lower than that in non-combined depression group (p<0.001). Area under ROC curve for prediction of PCOS combined with depression by serum 25-(OH)D was 0.829 (95% CI=0.746-0.911). Clinical point value of diagnosis of serum 25-(OH)D was 10.89 μg/L. Sensitivity was 75% and specificity was 78.8%. Key Words: Serum, 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25-(OH)D], Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) , Depression, Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

P-04-10 Italian Residents in Urology Sexual Health: A Multicentric Study

Several trials have dealt with residents well-being and burn-out, few data are available on residents Sexual Health. We aim to investigate Sexual Health among Italian residents in urology. Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Brief Index of Sexual Functioning Male (BISF-M), General Health Survey (SF-36) and Beck Depression Inventory Primary Care (BDI-PC) questionnaires were web-based administered to 299 residents from all of the 25 Italian Residency Programs. Data included: year of training (PGY), location, age, gender, sexual orientation, marital status, children, duty hours. Mean level differences in BDI-PC, FSFI and BISF-M levels for between-people variables such as gender, day/night shifts and children were inspected via ANOVA; correlations between depression and sexual functioning were investigated. Responding rate 49%. Mean age 30.4 (SD 2.2), 83% M, 86% F had stable relationship, 33% engaged to a colleague, 6% had children. 97% heterosexual, 2% bisexual, 1% homosexual. 19% F reported FSFI total score < 26, indicating a possible sexual dysfunction. 33% F, 11% M had a BMI-PC >3, indicating a mild to severe depression level. 64% did night shifts, ANOVAs revealed a significant interaction effect (p < 0.05, eta square =.06) between sexual function and night shifts on BDI-PC levels; F with night shifts reaching a critical mean BDI-PC score of 4.21. Higher BDI scores were associated with lower FSFI Arousal (p< 0.001), higher FSFI Dyspareunia (p< 0.05), lower FSFI total scores (p< 0.05). No correlations between BDI-PC and BISF-M or between sexual satisfaction and PGY, stable relationship and workload.

0522 Subtypes of Insomniacs Treated by Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Abstract Introduction Insomnia disorder (ID) is characterized by high degree of heterogeneity. Aim of our study was to identify ID patients subtypes in terms of sleep and non-sleep clinical baseline (BL) features and CBT-I efficacy. Methods 294 chronic insomnia patients (61.6% female, mean age 40.7 ± 12.3 yrs) underwent 7-sessions group CBT-I. By use of latent class analysis (LCA) we identified ID subtypes according to BL score of Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES); Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS); Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS -16); Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire Self-Assessment (MEQ-SA); Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); Profile of Mood States (POMS); Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II); Stay-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y); Treatment effectiveness (Delta score of Insomnia Severity Index ISI between BL and end-of-treatment). Results We chose 3 latent classes as most parsimonious model. According to questionnaires’ cut-off, we labeled three classes: Class 1 (insomnia+anxiety+depression+stress) (n=62), Class 2 (insomnia+anxiety+depression) (n=153), Class 3 (only insomnia) (n=79). The variables that best differentiate the 3 classes were POMS (.772), STAY (.660), PSS (.545), BDI (.406) and ISI (.228) at BL. In particular, for ISI, the best item predicting groups differentiation was item 3 on the impact of insomnia on daytime functioning (.224). Moreover, we found a significant interaction between CBT-I treatment effect and the 3 classes at the ISI score (p=.001), GSES score (p=.002), DBAS score (p&amp;lt;.05), PSS score (p&amp;lt;.001), POMS score (p&amp;lt;.001), BDI score (p&amp;lt;.001) and STAI-Y score (p&amp;lt;.001). Conclusion Our data driven analysis results suggest that the heterogeneity of ID patients can be best represented by non-sleep scores, in particular those regarding depression, anxiety, stress and daytime functioning. These information can be useful in predicting the outcome of CBT-I. Support No