The work covers the development of a data-driven algorithm and computes the performance of learning models for lithium-ion battery state of health (SOH) estimation. A wide range of environmental and temperature conditions (15 °C, 25 °C, and 35 °C) at different charging and discharging rates of 1C and 2C are used for electric vehicle battery health estimation. The result of the tested data of cell ‘a’ is validated with a different set of cell ‘b’ on identical test parameters, and the results are tabulated and compared. At 25 °C, the mean absolute errors for the regression algorithms decision tree (DT), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and random forest (RF) are 3.78641E-03, 3.62524E-03, and 6.16931E-03. The mean absolute percent error for regression algorithms DT, KNN, and RF is 1.48921E-03, 1.40631E-03, and 2.40260E-03. The root mean square error for regression algorithms DT, KNN, and RF is 1.26813E-02, 9.73320E-03, and 1.17238E-02, and the mean squared error for regression algorithms DT, KNN, and RF is 1.60816E-04, 9.47351E-05, and 1.37448E-04. The results show that the KNN and DT methods accurately estimate the SOH under diversified operating conditions in comparison with RF methods and can foster advanced battery health monitoring systems.