Studies of Muslim religious practice have largely relied on theological and normative perspectives, while analyses based on sociological approaches that treat religious practice as a social phenomenon remain relatively limited. This study aims to analyze the forms of religious practice among Muslims, identify the social factors that influence these practices, and explain the relevance of a sociological approach for understanding the dynamics of religiosity in society. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed, involving 15 participants selected through purposive sampling, consisting of religious leaders and members of the Muslim community. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, and were analyzed using thematic analysis through the stages of data reduction, coding, categorization, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that Muslim religious practice manifests in two main dimensions: ritual practice (congregational prayer, recitation of the Qur’an, and study circles) and social practice (charitable giving, gotong royong, and community-based religious activities). Family, social environment, religious education, and the role of religious leaders were found to be key determinants shaping patterns of religious practice, while variations in the intensity of practice were influenced by personal conditions such as level of busyness and access to religious activities. These results affirm that religious practice is the outcome of dynamic interaction between individuals and surrounding social structures, and thus a sociological approach is relevant and necessary for understanding the forms of Muslim religiosity more comprehensively. Theoretically, this study enriches the body of knowledge in the sociology of religion, while practically it provides a basis for religious institutions to design more contextual guidance programs and opens avenues for further research on the impact of modernization and digital media on the transformation of religious practice.

Background and Aims: School administration based on the principles of good governance is an approach that emphasizes transparency, accountability, and participation in educational management, aiming to enhance the quality and efficiency of schools. The Sisaket Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 has implemented good governance principles in school administration to promote fairness and sustainably respond to the needs of the community. The objectives of this research were to: (1) study the administration of educational institutions based on the principles of good governance under the Sisaket Primary Educational Service Area Office 1; (2) compare the administration of educational institutions based on the principles of good governance under the Sisaket Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, classified by school size and work experience; and (3) explore approaches to promoting the administration of educational institutions based on the principles of good governance under the Sisaket Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. Methodology: The sample group used in this research consisted of teachers and staff in basic educational institutions under the Sisaket Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 for the academic year 2024, totaling 320 individuals. The sample size was determined according to the table of Krejcie and Morgan, and the group was selected using cluster sampling. The research instrument was a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, which yielded a content validity index ranging from 0.888 to 0.895, and the overall reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.890. The statistical methods used for data analysis included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and F-test. Results: The research findings revealed that: (1) the administration of educational institutions based on the principles of good governance under the Sisaket Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, both overall and in each specific area, was at a high level; (2) the administration of educational institutions based on the principles of good governance under the Sisaket Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, classified by school size, showed no significant differences, while classification by work experience revealed statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level; and (3) the approaches to promoting the administration of educational institutions based on the principles of good governance under the Sisaket Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 consisted of six areas: (1) the principle of ethics, (2) the principle of rule of law, (3) the principle of transparency, (4) the principle of participation, (5) the principle of fairness, and (6) the principle of efficiency. Conclusion: The administration of educational institutions based on the principles of good governance emphasizes transparency and accountability in decision-making, prioritizing the participation of all stakeholders and resource efficiency. Adherence to ethical principles and the rule of law helps build trust and credibility in the management process. Therefore, applying the principles of good governance is a crucial tool for developing educational quality and effective management.

Problem statement. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that information in modern society has acquired the status of a strategic resource that determines the level of competitiveness, security and institutional capacity of the state. During martial law, it is information systems that provide operational management of economic processes, coordination between government, business and citizens, support for critical infrastructure, as well as analytical monitoring of the situation in real time. Digital technologies create opportunities for maintaining the functioning of the financial system, e-governance, defense industry and educational and scientific space, which makes them a central element of the economic resilience of the state. The article is aimed at determining the target function of the information economy under martial law. Methods used in the study: systematization and generalization, tabular and structural, monographic analysis, etc. The hypothesis of the study was the assumption that the target function has subfunctions and bivalent nature. Summary of the main material: the study made it possible to systematically characterize the essence, structure and target function of the information economy under martial law. It has been established that it is not only a component of digital transformation, but also a key element of national security, capable of ensuring the sustainability of public administration, production processes and socio-economic communication. The information economy in crisis conditions acquires a bivalent nature: at the same time it is a tool for preserving the functioning of basic institutions and a catalyst for innovative changes. security and innovation within limited resources and high risks. Its implementation covers a number of subfunctions: stabilization, security, communication, innovation-adaptive, resilience, analytical, social and humanitarian and others. Together, they form an integrated system of digital resilience of the state, combining short-term survival tasks with long-term goals of post-war development. The originality and practical significance of the study lies in the bivalent approach to the formation of the target function of the information economy under martial law. Conclusions. The information economy becomes the basis of Ukraine's digital sovereignty, contributes to the development of e-governance, increases the transparency of management, the effectiveness of state decisions, and forms the prerequisites for a new architectonics of the economic system in the post-war period. Further research lies in the plane of adaptation of the target function of the information economy to the conditions of the post-war state.

The development of financial technology has driven significant changes in the financial behavior of students, particularly through the increasingly widespread use of e-wallets. On the other hand, students are also influenced by social factors such as peers and their level of financial literacy. This study aims to analyze the influence of e-wallet use, peers, and financial literacy on the financial behavior of students at Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, with self-control and consumptive behavior as mediating variables. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected through a Likert scale-based questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this study are expected to provide a comprehensive picture of the factors that influence student financial behavior and the role of self-control and consumptive behavior in shaping that behavior. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a basis for educational institutions in designing programs to improve student financial literacy.

As education moves towards further development, many meaningful ways to strengthen learners’ values formation have emerged. One of these is the service-learning method, known for having positive results in terms of character. Similarly, in the Philippine context, the Kariton Klasrum Project (KKP) serves as a service-learning strategy with a lot of potential in values education. However, despite utilizing KKP, no research has captured implementers’ perspectives, leaving no recorded evidence regarding the specific moral outcomes to them. KKP was originally introduced by the Dynamic Teen Company, and with their consent, was adapted and implemented starting in 2011 by Elizabeth Seton School-South, a private basic education institution in Imus, Cavite. The KKP engages the grade 10 learners in an outreach work with the children from Riverside, Imus, a community assisted by the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). The engagement’s preparation spanned for five months and culminated in a one-day service-learning session that involved teaching the basics of reading and writing, feeding session, and providing medical assistance. In this study, the researcher explored the role of KKP as an initiative that supports values formation among executors. Using the Qualitative Descriptive Research method, the perceptions of 10 participants from grade 10 revealed that KKP contributed to their development of responsibility, compassion, motivation, collaboration, and reflection. The findings add to the limited body of literature on KKP as a service-learning strategy in the Philippine basic education and highlight an emerging strategy for nurturing compassionate, socially responsible learners prepared to make a difference.

The period of perestroika, characterized by strengthening of market mechanisms in the USSR, occupies an important place in the domestic scientific field, stimulating active discussions about the essence and consequences of transformational processes which took place in the Soviet society at that time. Young people were one of the most active subjects of these processes, which explains the increased research interest in this social group. In this paper, the research focus will be on analyzing the experience of introducing elements of commercialization into the youth environment on the basis of Soviet social institutions using the example of the Youth Initiative Foundation under AULYCL Leninsky District Committee in Cheboksary as a local mechanism of youth policy in the Soviet Union. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the history of evolvement, structure and practical activities carried out by the Youth Initiative Foundation under AULYCL Leninsky District Committee in Cheboksary as a local mechanism of youth policy of the USSR. Materials and methods. The source base of this research is archival documents identified in the State Archive of Modern History of the Chuvash Republic. The study is based on the method of historical analysis, systematic and statistical methods. The method of historical analysis was used to reconstruct the evolvement process and functioning of the Youth Initiative Foundation under AULYCL Leninsky District Committee in Cheboksary by studying its organizational structure, financial activities and practices of supporting youth initiatives as a local mechanism for implementing the youth policy in the USSR during the period of perestroika. The use of systematic approach made it possible to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the Foundation as an integral social institution, as well as to identify the relationship between its structural elements. The statistical method was used to analyze the financial statements of the Foundation during its functioning in the structure of AULYCL Leninsky District Committee in Cheboksary. Results. The Youth Initiative Foundation under the AULYCL Leninsky District Committee of Cheboksary was established on August 5, 1987 by the decision of the executive Committee of Cheboksary District Council of People’s Deputies. The functions of coordinating and methodological guiding the youth association’s activities were assigned to Cheboksary Leninsky district AULYCL Committee. The organizational architecture of the Foundation had multiple similarities with the party-state model of the CPSU, which testifies to the practical experience of introducing market relations into the youth environment on the basis of existing Soviet social institutions. The Foundation included both individual participants and collective associations. The organization was engaged in introducing commercial initiatives to a wide range of people, as well as stimulated youth aspirations in the fields of creativity, science, patriotism and a sporty lifestyle. However, as practice showed, this experience of introducing market relations into the Soviet Komsomol system had its negative sides, which led to internal contradictions. It was they who intensified the desire of the association members to gain institutional autonomy. Conclusions. The Youth Initiative Foundation under the AULYCL Leninsky District Committee in Cheboksary was an institutional platform for testing commercial initiatives, and it also contributed to the integration of the youth into the context of socio-economic transformations in the USSR during Perestroika based on existing Soviet socio-cultural guidelines. Thanks to the activities of the organization, various youth cultural events were held in the Chuvash ASSR. However, an attempt to introduce market-oriented relations into the structure of the Soviet Komsomol system did not bring the expected results, as a result of which the Foundation’s participants succeeded in achieving institutional independence in December 1990, getting out of control of Cheboksary Leninsky District AULYCL Committee.

The article reveals the problem of improving the professional training of future teachers in the field of natural sciences in the context of modern scientific approaches and the reform of higher education in Ukraine. It substantiates the relevance of forming a set of general and professional competencies (research, digital, environmental, communicative, innovative) as a prerequisite for the readiness of future teachers to work in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School and the implementation of the principles of sustainable development. The content of professional training as an integrated pedagogical structure that combines the knowledge, skills, abilities, and values necessary for organizing activity-based, research-oriented, integrated, and STEM-oriented teaching of natural sciences is revealed. An analysis of scientific sources has been carried out, highlighting teacher training for experimental research, the integration of natural science education content, the introduction of adaptive, individualized, and personality-oriented learning, and the formation of information, digital, and environmental competencies through ICT and STEM technologies. It has been shown that contemporary research emphasizes the need to combine theoretical and methodological foundations, project and research activities, educational and field practices, and the regulatory requirements of the Higher Education Development Strategy for 2022-2032. A contradiction has been identified between the growing demands for professional training and the fragmentation of existing educational programs, as well as the insufficient integration of digital, STEM, and project technologies into the training of future teachers in the field of natural sciences education. A structure for professional training has been proposed that includes fundamental natural sciences, methodology, research and experimentation, digital STEM, and environmental values, integrated on the basis of competency-based, activity-based research, integrative, and STEM-oriented approaches. The main directions for implementing this structure are outlined: the introduction of digital technologies (video learning, ICT, virtual laboratories), STEM projects, innovative (flipped classroom, problem-based learning, case-based learning) and interactive methods, expansion of practice-oriented and project-based activities in cooperation with basic general secondary education institutions. The importance of creating a research and educational environment, partnerships between higher education institutions and schools, multi-level diagnostics of competence formation, and reflective support for the professional development of future teachers in the field of natural sciences education is emphasized.

The article explores the formation of a universal perception of human rights in the context of the emergence of classical international law in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, when the transformation from the feudal system of subjection to the concept of citizenship and the recognition of the individual as an autonomous subject of law took place. The study reveals the philosophical, political, and legal foundations of this transformation, emphasizing the influence of the natural law doctrine and the social contract theories of John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, as well as the broader ideas of Enlightenment humanism. The research analyzes the impact of key revolutionary legal acts – the United States Declaration of Independence (1776), the U.S. Constitution (1787), the Bill of Rights (1791), the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789), and the Napoleonic Civil Code (1804) – which laid the groundwork for a universal model of the individual’s legal status. Particular attention is paid to how revolutionary concepts of liberty, equality, and justice were transformed into the doctrine of legal humanism, which recognized human dignity as the supreme social and legal value. It is argued that these developments created the theoretical and institutional basis for the subsequent codification of human rights in the twentieth century, including the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the European Convention on Human Rights (1950), and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (2000). The article stresses that the evolution of the individual’s legal status from a national to an international dimension reflects the progressive expansion of human rights protection. The study concludes that the classical era of international law provided the intellectual and normative foundations for today’s universal system of human rights protection, in which Enlightenment humanism merged with international legal mechanisms guaranteeing respect for human dignity, freedom, and justice.

Topicality. The full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the russian federation has had a profound effect on the country's economy, resulting in widespread closures, relocations, and business pivots among small businesses. However, a countervailing dynamic has become evident. From August 2022 to February 2025, the number of newly registered small businesses increased from 132,000 to 763,000, while 685,000 ceased operations over the same period, indicating intense churn and renewal. In the context of this period of renewal, there has been a marked increase in the visibility of women as economic actors. The proportion of women among new sole proprietors has increased to 61%, with significant regional variations and sectoral patterns that show a tendency towards services, education, retail, and garment production. In contrast, men continue to be concentrated in construction, transport, logistics, and programming. In light of the aforementioned context, the article addresses a policy problem that has not yet been resolved: namely, the question of how public regulation and support can be designed in such a manner as to transform women's small businesses from a survival response into a durable driver of territorial communities recovery. Aim and tasks. The research is aimed on the development of the mechanisms of state support for women's small business in the territorial communities of Ukraine in the context of post-war recoveryn and European integration. The tasks of the study include the analysis of tendencies of women's small business development in Ukraine under the modern challenges, study of the national and EU institutional basis for the women's small businesses development, design of the model state program for the development of women's entrepreneurship support, with mechanisms and tools for its implementation. Materials and methods. Methodologically, the study combines descriptive analytics with a targeted SWOT analysis of women's entrepreneurship at the community level, identifying the following: strengths (motivation, adaptability, social orientation); weaknesses (limited finance, skills gaps, network deficits); opportunities (donor support, digital markets, PPPs, gender mainstreaming); and threats (macroeconomic volatility, labour shortages, inflation, entrenched bias). In order to internationalize the lens, the paper aligns national measures with the European Commission's A Guide to Fostering Women's Entrepreneurship (awareness, lifelong entrepreneurial learning, access to finance, umbrella networks, data/analytics), mapping each action to feasible Ukrainian instruments. Research results. The article presents a comprehensive model of public support for women’s small entrepreneurship in the context of territorial communities post-war recovery, which is built upon five interrelated components. First, financial inclusion encompasses access to grants, state guarantees, concessional loans, and vouchers for rental and equipment. Second, an important element is “smart” regulation and the provision of priority access for women entrepreneurs to the public procurement system. Third, the educational and mentoring dimension covers the establishment of regional entrepreneurship development centres, training programmes in financial and digital literacy, as well as mentoring from experienced experts. The fourth block incorporates infrastructural and social factors, including the operation of business incubators, co-working centres, the development of women’s cooperatives, and expanded access to social services, particularly preschool education and eldercare. Finally, the fifth dimension consists of social and communication measures aimed at promoting women’s success stories, creating networking platforms for experience exchange, and conducting information campaigns. The proposed model is tailored to the needs of territorial communities and is designed to strengthen social cohesion by prioritizing support for internally displaced women, female veterans, and residents of the regions most affected by the war. Conclusion. The findings suggest that harmonizing Ukrainian policy with EU practice, while tailoring instruments to local constraints, can raise business survival, expand decent employment, and strengthen fiscal resilience at the municipal level. The contribution is twofold: firstly, it consolidates a fragmented support landscape into a coherent, gender-responsive policy architecture; and secondly, it offers a practical roadmap for embedding women's small entrepreneurship in territorial recovery strategies. Subsequent endeavours will centre on the formulation of a succinct indicator system to oversee outcomes, encompassing business creation and survival, finance access, job quality, and social inclusion. This will facilitate rigorous evaluation and iterative enhancement of support programmes.

This research was conducted to analyze the application, utilization or use of brainstorming technique in the education field. The aim of this study is to examine the studies published on the brainstorming technique with bibliometric analysis and to determine and evaluate the publications, trends, citation relationships etc. followed in this field. Bibliometric analysis is used to identify the current status of research and the critical points in bibliometric data mapping can help predict future research trends so it is aimed to benefit scientists doing research in these fields and to produce usable data by providing statistical information on the basis of publications, authors, sources, institutions and countries. Therefore, it is given the general, conceptual, intellectual and social structure of brainstorming technique in the study. In this context, 305 articles on the brainstorming technique published in the WoS database between 1981 and 2022 were analyzed through the R program. According to the analysis results, 803 authors used the brainstorming technique in their research in 218 different journals. Additionally, an average of 9.06 publications were made annually and 15.14 citations per article were made to these publications annually. Among these studies, the author who published the most on the brainstorming technique was Paulus PB. Creativity Research Journal has the most articles published, with 14 publications. In terms of countries, the most publications were made in the United States of America.

Fossilization is one of the main problems in learning Arabic as a foreign language. It happens when phonological, lexical, and grammatical errors stay in the learner's language even after many corrections. At the same time, the use of digital learning is growing, but its direct potential to prevent fossilization has not been fully explained. This study aims to analyze the role of digital learning strategies in preventing fossilization through a Systematic Literature Review of 30 selected publications from 2015 to 2024. The results show three main trends. The first is the use of LMS and e learning platforms. The second is the integration of artificial intelligence-based tools, such as translanguaging chatbots. The third is the readiness of institutional policies. Further analysis reveals that digital learning can help prevent fossilization through automatic feedback that enhances noticing, adaptive practice that breaks repeated error patterns, and learning environments that provide rich input. The main contribution of this study is the mapping of the direct relationship between digital features such as automatic correction, learning analytics, and AI-based translanguaging and the cognitive mechanisms that support the restructuring of the learner's interlanguage. These findings give a conceptual basis for teachers and institutions to design digital Arabic learning that is more effective and more responsive to linguistic errors.

The article analyzes the factors of the foundation of the Kyiv Main Public School in 1789 and clarifies the circumstances of its closure in 1809. It traces the attitude of the state administration, local authorities and Kyiv residents to this school, established the numerical and social composition of teachers and students as well. It is noted that it provided primary and secondary education free of charge. It is stated that the Kyiv Main Public School became one of the opportunities for the imperial center to ensure the loyalty of subjects through russified education. The Russian state took into account the great historical significance of Kyiv for the imperial assertion in the region, but disregarded the ethnic origin of the local population — Ukrainians and Poles — introducing a Russian school, despite the fact that it used funds from the Polish Commission of National Education and the Kyiv city budget to maintain the school. Its establishment was supported by the Kyivans, which demonstrated their aspiration for education, their understanding of its social significance. In the best traditions of Magdeburg Law, the townspeople showed initiative and purchased premises for the school with their own funds, so that their children could receive the necessary education. The Kyiv Academy played a decisive role in providing the school with professional teachers and organizing its education, and its graduates associated their teaching and scientific activities with it. Over the twenty years of its existence, about 2000 children received education there. The overwhelming majority of pupils were limited to the basic level of education, which was provided in the primary classes. The Kyiv Main Public School did not stand the test of time and ceased to exist during the educational reforms of Alexander I, however, it served as a basis for opening other separate educational institutions in Kyiv — a gymnasium, district and parish schools — with clearly defined estate-based levels of education.

Academic stress is a psychological condition frequently encountered by final-year students due to academic demands such as thesis completion, graduation preparation, and the urgency to complete studies within a limited time frame. This study aims to investigate the influence of academic stress on academic help seeking among final-year students in Makassar City. The research applied a quantitative method using simple regression analysis. A total of 406 participants were involved, selected through accidental sampling. The analysis revealed that academic stress positively and significantly affects academic help seeking, contributing six percent to the variance. The findings indicate that increased academic stress corresponds to a greater tendency among students to seek academic assistance. These results provide a basis for higher education institutions to design academic mentoring initiatives and counseling services that support students in managing stress and fostering constructive help-seeking behavior .

The purpose of the article is to analyze the process of forming, adjusting and implementing the European Union “grand strategy”. These trends are being implemented in the context of rapid transformation of international relations. The research methodology is based on the specific historical analysis of the current stage of European integration, problem-chronological, structural-functional, comparative methods. The scientific novelty of the article is due to the approach to considering the existing contradictions between the needs of accepting new member states of the European Union and security risks for Europe, which arose as a result of the collapse of the post-bipolar security system. This creates new opportunities and risks. The conclusions note that the formation of the “grand strategy” should take place on an institutional basis. This basis is “eroded” by the dual model of national and transnational politics in the European Union. As a result, the European Council, the European Commission, and the European Parliament are called upon to be institutional initiators of the formation of the “grand strategy”. Adjustments to the “grand strategy” are inspired by the national governments of the European Union member states and are carried out in the EU institutions through the mechanisms of ministerial meetings. In an ideal model, the implementation of the “grand strategy” of the European Union should be a consolidated result of the functioning of the national and supranational levels of EU policy. In real politics, at the stages of formation, adjustment and implementation, the “grand strategy” faces specific problems. These difficulties manifest themselves in both the EU common foreign policy and the EU common defense policy.

A teacher must acquire the necessary skills and attributes that are critical for an effective teaching-learning process. In private institutions, enhancing teaching performance has become a central concern in ensuring quality education and student success. To address this concern, this study employed quantitative methodology, specifically a descriptive-correlational research design, to determine the relationship between professional attributes and teaching performance among teachers in private basic education institutions in Bocaue, Bulacan. The study's findings revealed that the levels of professional attributes and teaching performance are high, with scores of 4.91 in work ethics and professionalism, 4.91 in adaptability and resilience, and 4.41 in oral communication, indicating a strong presence of these attributes among the respondents. This indicates that the respondents possess a high level of professional attributes and a very satisfactory level of performance, both of which are considered essential for nurturing effective learners who are socially responsive and critical thinkers. Despite the respondents' outstanding performance and professional attributes, the statistical analysis revealed no relationship between these attributes and teaching performance, as the p-value of 0.948 is greater than the significance level of 0.05. This suggests that factors beyond professional attributes may influence teaching effectiveness and performance. Further implications and recommendations for further development of this research based on the current findings were discussed and suggested.

The Great Silk Road and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) were considered by the authors in a historical and modern interpretation as a new transnational strategic platform that will promote trade and investment cooperation, develop the innovation sphere, expand the scale and quality of trade, and deepen energy cooperation. At the new stage of the BRI development, it was noted that it is necessary to formulate clear rules and standards for the implementation of the initiative, deepen its institutional basis. The key problems and prospects for cooperation between Russia and China within the framework of the BRI project, its relationship with the development of the Eurasian Economic Union, the Greater Eurasian Partnership in the context of the development of Russian-Chinese relations were highlighted. The authors identified important promising areas of Russian-Chinese cooperation within the framework of the BRI implementation. These are the development of trade, economic, investment cooperation, expansion of interaction in the digital economy and energy, cultural exchange, intensification of the use of international transport corridors and infrastructure, implementation of the environmental agenda, expansion of strategic cooperation.

The institutional importance of human capital as the main asset of Ukraine is shown, its modern structural elements are revealed. The role assigned to national human capital within the framework of the work of the thematic block “Human Dimension” of the High-Level Ukraine Recovery Conference, held in Rome in July 2025, is highlighted, as well as the adoption of the Human Capital Resilience Charter based on its results. It is emphasized that the losses of Ukraine’s human capital, incurred as a result of the prolonged full-scale military confrontation with the Russian Federation, have a significant impact on the national labor market and the dynamics of the post-war reconstruction of the Ukrainian state. The authors give various examples of the implementation of significant practical measures to preserve Ukraine’s human capital, carried out by tripartite social partners throughout the entire period of martial law in the country. Attention is drawn to the scale and potential socio-economic consequences of educational losses of human capital, in particular, in the domestic spheres of higher and vocational education. Taking into account the relevance of the World Bank conclusion on the conditionality of a rather low level of labor productivity in Ukraine by the mismatch of workers' skills with the needs of the national labor market and the requirements of employers, the article substantiates the dependence of filling the losses of human capital of Ukraine on the improvement of professional, digital and other skills of the workforce necessary in the information and network society. Taking into account the specified dependence, as well as the tasks of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine’s economy and its obligations to integrate into the common educational space of the European Union, the authors prove the urgency to strengthen the connection between educational and employment. It is revealed that a necessary institutional basis for meeting the specified need is created in the course of Ukraine's implementation of educational reforms, which began in the pre-war period. It is noted that at the moment, the reform of higher education is being carried out within the framework of the Strategy for the Development of Higher Education in Ukraine for 2022–2032, which corresponds to the obligations of Ukraine as a member of the European Higher Education Area. At the same time, the reform of the domestic system of vocational education is based on the norms of the Osnabrück Declaration (2020) and the Herning Declaration (2025). Characterized the novelties of the Law of Ukraine “On Vocational Education”, which entered into force in September 2025. Attention is focused on the need for urgent resolution of problems caused by the Law’s imperfection. Its primary problems include: first, the lack of proper financial support for the planned transformation of the vocational education system, which creates a threat of increasing the burden on local budgets, a significant part of which are already in deficit; and secondly, the lack of legislative and normative regulation of the mechanism for the reorganization of vocational education institutions.

This mixed-method research aimed to: 1) study the context of academic administration; 2) develop academic administration strategies; and 3) evaluate academic administration strategies of basic education institutions under the Office of Pattani Primary Educational Service Area 3. The study followed three steps: Step 1: study the context of academic administration. The sample consisted of 201 school administrators, teachers, and instructors from 67 schools. The questionnaire was used as the research instrument with a reliability of 0.981. Data were analyzed using statistics, means, standard deviations, and needs ranking index, and interview forms. The sample consisted of 18 school administrators, teachers, and instructors. Step 2: develop academic administration strategies by interviewing 10 school administrators, teachers, and instructors from 5 schools that have achieved excellent academic administration and have implemented educational policy. The results of the internal and external environmental analysis were analyzed using McKinsey's internal environmental factor analysis model and pestle analysis for external environmental factors. The draft academic administration strategies for the school were developed. Step 3: evaluate the academic administration strategies for appropriateness, feasibility, usefulness, and validity. By 10 strategy experts, the research results found that the context of academic administration of basic education institutions under the Office of the Basic Education Commission, Pattani Primary Educational Service Area 3, in terms of overall administration, academic administration work was at a high level. The highest average score was in evaluation, followed by learning management. Creating academic administration strategies for basic education institutions under the Office of the Basic Education Commission, Pattani Primary Educational Service Area 3. The analysis of the internal and external environments determined 4 strategies: proactive strategies (SO), defensive strategies (ST), corrective strategies (WO), and preventative strategies (WT), totaling 12 strategies. The evaluation of academic administration strategies of basic education institutions under the Office of the Basic Education Commission, Pattani Primary Educational Service Area 3 found that all strategies were appropriate, feasible, useful, correct, and satisfactory. The academic administration strategies in educational institutions under the Office of the Basic Education Commission, Pattani Primary Educational Service Area 3 were at the highest overall level, namely Strategy 1: Developing area-based learning innovations, followed by Strategy 3: Creating a curriculum development system by teachers and communities.

This study aims to examine parents' views on the usefulness and professional role of male teachers in the Early Childhood Education (ECE) unit. The background of this research stems from the low number of male teachers in ECE, both nationally and globally, which has led to various perceptions among parents, ranging from doubts about competence to recognition of the positive contributions of male teachers. The research method used is a phenomenological qualitative approach with interpretative phenomenological analysis, covering aspects of parental trust, professional competence, parenting roles, gender stereotypes, and acceptance and expectations. The respondents were ten parents of ECE students at TKIT Cendekia, Purwakarta. Participants were selected by purposive sampling, with the main criterion. The results of the study are expected to provide a comprehensive picture of the level of parental acceptance of male teachers, as well as identify factors that strengthen or weaken this trust. Theoretically, this research contributes to expanding the study of the role of gender in early childhood education. Practically, the results of the research can be the basis for ECE institutions and policymakers in designing strategies to increase the representation of male teachers and build effective communication with parents to reduce negative stereotypes.

ABSTRACT The paper delves into the role of institutional quality in bolstering China's economic resilience post‐COVID‐19, CITIC‐Entropy. It divides institutions into basic and changeable categories, establishing an index system via the CITIC‐Entropy TOPSIS model. Through Markov chain analysis, a consistent uptrend in institutional quality is observed. Notably, a club convergence pattern emerges, indicating gradual progress with limited leaps. The study underscores the pivotal influence of basic economic institutions on disparities in institutional quality, with a diminishing impact from north to south. By refining the evaluation of institutional quality, the research sheds light on its significance in economic resilience while offering guidance for harmonizing market efficiency with governmental efficacy in policy formulation.