From hazardous waste to sustainable filler: Synergistic use of treated spent cathode carbon and basalt fiber in asphalt mixtures

Sustainable alkali-activated mortars from blast furnace slag reinforced with basalt fibers: Thermal performance, microstructure, and machine learning analysis

Enhanced pollutants removal by modified basalt fibers in constructed wetlands under nanoplastics exposure: Sustainability and mechanism

Multi-scale insights into the distinctive toughening mechanisms of basalt fibers in seawater sea-sand geopolymer composites

Constructing 3D basalt fiber skeletons for stabilized thick electrodes enabling high-efficiency lithium extraction from raw brine

Analysis of bond behavior of Basalt fiber reinforced Polymer bars

Electroless copper-deposited basalt fibers with light-weight, high conductivity, and corrosion-resistance for next-generation communication networks

Strength and Microstructure Characteristics of Basalt Fiber and Metakaolin-Stabilized Cement Clay under Coupled Effect of Sulfate Erosion and Freeze–Thaw Cycles

Low-velocity impact response and collision resistance of basalt fiber reinforced concrete bridge structures

Fatigue bond behavior between basalt fiber reinforced polymer bars and steel fiber reinforced concrete

Durability of Bonded Basalt Fiber–Reinforced Polymer Rods in Prestressed Concrete Exposed to Seawater

Basalt Fiber–Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete: A Functionally Graded Approach for Enhanced Flexural Resistance

Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) bolts offer a high mechanical performance, yet their non-destructive evaluation in anchorage systems remains scarcely investigated. This work examines guided wave propagation in BFRP bolt anchorage structures through a combined experimental and numerical analysis. Optimal excitation within 35–100 kHz was determined experimentally, revealing 40 kHz as the most stable mode, with a pronounced bottom reflection and a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.31 V. Numerical simulations explored the influence of anchorage medium properties, bolt characteristics, and de-bonding defect locations and lengths on dispersion, attenuation, velocity, radial energy distribution, and echo response. The results indicate that denser anchorage media reduce velocity and attenuation but enhance radial nonuniformity, whereas a higher elastic modulus decreases amplitude and increases attenuation; a larger Poisson’s ratio elevates both velocity and attenuation. For the bolt, a higher density lowers velocity and attenuation, while a greater modulus amplifies both; Poisson’s ratio exerts a minor positive effect. Defect echo time varies linearly with defect position, and increasing the defect length elevates velocity yet diminishes amplitude. These findings elucidate the interplay between material parameters, defect geometry, and guided wave behavior, offering a basis for the optimized non-destructive testing (NDT) of BFRP bolts and facilitating their deployment in engineering applications.

Abstract The fracture and pull-out behaviour of vertically aligned basalt composite fibres embedded in an oil shale ash (OSA)-based cementitious matrix was investigated using the double cantilever beam (DCB) test. OSA replaced cement at 0 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 35 % to reduce carbon emissions and improve the mechanical properties of fibre-reinforced concrete. The basalt fibres were oriented vertically, perpendicular to the fracture plane, and aligned with the loading direction to facilitate accurate assessment of the pull-out mechanisms during crack initiation and propagation. The DCB test involved two notched concrete beams joined by a thin fibre-reinforced layer, which enabled controlled crack opening. Specimens with varying OSA content were evaluated for peak load, fracture energy, interfacial bond strength, and fibre pull-out. The results indicated that vertical fibre alignment enhanced load transfer and inter-facial resistance, resulting in higher pull-out forces and improved crack-bridging compared to random fibre placement. Incorporating a moderate amount of OSA improved fracture performance by strengthening the matrix–fibre interface and promoting more ductile failure. Specifically, 10–15 % OSA produced notable improvements in fracture resistance and fibre–matrix bonding, shifting the failure mode from brittle, matrix-dominated to a more ductile, pull-out–controlled process. On the contrary, 35 % of OSA reduced the strength of the interfacial bond due to matrix dilution. Force–displacement curves demonstrated that optimally modified mixtures dissipated more energy and delayed crack propagation. Post-test examination of fibres and force–displacement data confirmed a transition from brittle fracture to gradual pull-out, primarily attributed to enhanced fibre–matrix adhesion. In general, OSA-modified matrices with vertically aligned basalt fibres demonstrated significant potential for developing durable, high-strength, and crack-resistant cementitious composites.

ABSTRACT The growing demand for sustainable composite materials has motivated the incorporation of industrial waste fillers into polymer systems. In this study, NaOH‐treated basalt fiber reinforced epoxy composites were fabricated using hand lay‐up followed by autoclave curing to enhance fiber–matrix adhesion and minimize void content. Four hybrid‐filler formulations were developed with a constant 40 wt. % basalt fiber and 12 wt. % total filler, varying the proportions of fly ash (FA) and marble dust (MD). Comprehensive characterization, including void content, water absorption, hardness, tensile, compression, flexural, and impact testing, was conducted, and fracture mechanisms were examined using SEM. The composite containing 8 wt.% FA + 4 wt.% MD exhibited the most favorable performance due to the synergistic packing effect of dual fillers and improved interfacial bonding from NaOH‐treated fibers. This formulation showed enhancements of 18% in tensile strength, 13% in compressive strength, 19% in flexural strength, and 18% in impact strength compared to single‐filler systems. The findings demonstrate that combining NaOH‐treated fibers with hybrid industrial waste fillers yields a high‐performance and environmentally sustainable composite system.

ABSTRACT Natural fiber‐reinforced weft‐knitted composites with superior formability and elastic recovery lack reliable mechanical stability under extreme temperatures, limiting industrial applications, and the synergistic regulatory mechanism between temperature and fiber mixing ratio remains unclear. To address this gap, this study innovatively develops a natural‐inorganic hybrid weft‐knitted structure and manufactures flax/basalt‐reinforced polylactic acid composites with tunable mixing ratios: Pure flax, pure basalt and flax/basalt ratios of 3:1, 2:1, 1:1. Systematic investigations of their mechanical evolution and fracture mechanism at 40°C to 50°C were conducted via tensile tests, flexural tests, dynamic mechanical analysis and three‐dimensional microscopic observation. All composites displayed distinct low‐temperature strengthening and high‐temperature degradation: The flax/basalt = 2:1 composite showed 75.6% and 36.8% higher flexural and tensile strength at 40°C than at 20°C, while these properties declined by 29.3% and 31.0% at 50°C. The flax/basalt = 1:1 ratio achieved optimal industrial balance, with 90.0% and 263.6% higher flexural and tensile stress than pure flax, reconciling high‐temperature toughness and low‐temperature brittleness. Temperature‐governed fracture mode transition: Fiber fracture dominated at low temperatures, matrix cracking prevailed at high temperatures, and basalt fibers inhibited catastrophic failure via bridging. Dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed fiber hybridization enhanced interfacial uniformity and temperature stability, reducing high‐temperature modulus loss. This study clarifies the temperature‐fiber mixing ratio synergistic mechanism, solves extreme‐temperature reliability issues, and recommends flax/basalt = 1:1 for balanced performance, 2:1 for low‐temperature scenarios, and pure basalt for high‐strength demands in automotive, cold‐region construction, and unmanned aerial vehicle applications, providing direct technical support for industrial material selection.

The utilization of seawater and sea sand in a reactive powder concrete offers a sustainable alternative for marine infrastructure. However, chloride-induced corrosion and autogenous shrinkage remain critical challenges. This study systematically addresses these issues through a dual strategy: optimizing a ternary cementitious system (fly ash, metakaolin, and slag) and incorporating functional fibre. The effects of different factors on the properties of seawater sand reactive powder concrete (RPC)were investigated by designing an orthogonal test to test the pH value, Cl− concentration, mechanical properties, fluidity, and chemical shrinkage. Orthogonal experiments reveal that fly ash plays a dominant role in chloride immobilization, reducing Cl− concentration by 5.9% at 11% dosage via Friedel’s salt formation. Slag enhances flexural strength by 21.1% at 11% content, while metakaolin significantly improves early-age microstructural densification, albeit at the cost of reduced workability. Fibre hybridization further elevates mechanical performance: 0.2% polypropylene fibre increases the 3-day flexural strength to 22–23 MPa through effective crack bridging, and 0.2% basalt fibre maximizes compressive strength by enhancing interfacial compatibility in saline conditions. A 0.3% carbon fibre exhibits minimal impact on fluidity due to its hydrophobic nature. Chemically, the synergistic pozzolanic reactions convert free chlorides into stable phases, reducing pore solution pH by 1.9% and decreasing chloride permeability by over 20%. These results demonstrate a scientifically robust approach to designing durable, high-performance sea-sand seawater reactive powder concrete (SSRPC), with significant implications for resource-efficient and corrosion-resistant marine construction.

To facilitate the large-scale recycling of phosphogypsum (PG) as a construction material and mitigate the environmental safety concerns associated with its stockpiling or discharge, this study proposes an innovative approach. The method employs modified (acid-treated) basalt fibers (MBF) synergistically combined with microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology for PG solidification. This synergistic MBF–MICP treatment not only enhances the strength and further improves the toughness of the solidified PG but also effectively immobilizes heavy metals within the PG matrix. Bacterial attachment tests conducted on fibers subjected to various pretreatment conditions revealed that the maximum bacterial adhesion occurred on fibers treated with a 1 mol/L acid concentration for 2 h at 40 °C. However, MICP mineralization experiments performed on these pretreated fibers determined the optimal pretreatment conditions for mineralization efficiency to be an acid concentration of 0.93 mol/L, a treatment duration of 0.96 h, and a temperature of 30 °C. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests and calcium carbonate content measurements identified the optimal reinforcement parameters for MBF–MICP-solidified PG as a fiber length of 9 mm and a fiber dosage of 0.4%. Furthermore, comparative analysis demonstrated that the UCS and toughness of MBF–MICP-solidified PG were superior to those of bio-cemented PG specimens treated with unmodified fibers or without any fiber reinforcement. It was found by scanning electron microscopy that there was an obvious phosphogypsum particle-fiber-calcium carbonate precipitation interface in the sample, and the fiber had a bridging effect. Finally, heavy metal leaching tests conducted on the solidified PG confirmed that the leached heavy metal concentrations were below the detection limit, complying with national discharge standards.

ABSTRACT Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) offers sustainability advantages but often shows reduced strength and durability compared with normal aggregate concrete (NAC). This review evaluates the role of basalt fibers (BF) in improving the performance of both NAC and RAC, drawing on over 150 experimental studies. Results show that properly selected BF dosages can enhance compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths by up to about 25%, 35%, and 60%, respectively. Most effective mixtures use 0.1–0.5% BF by volume with fiber lengths of 6–18 mm. In RAC, BF performs best at moderate recycled aggregate replacement levels of 40–50%, where it can significantly recover strength losses and, in several cases, achieve compressive strengths above 55 MPa. At these levels, BF also refines pore structure and improves resistance to freeze – thaw damage and chloride penetration. However, excessive dosages (≥0.6%) frequently reduce workability and promote fiber clumping and higher porosity. Overall, the findings show that optimized BF content and geometry, together with appropriate RAC mix design and aggregate treatment, can yield more durable and sustainable concrete, while underscoring the need for further research on hybrid fiber systems and performance prediction models for BFRC.

ABSTRACT With the increasing maturity of digital, efficient, and integrated textile technology, concrete reinforced with textiles as the main load-bearing components have been widely used in the repair and reinforcement of building structures. This study compared the bending mechanical behavior of basalt fiber and basalt textile reinforced concrete with the same fiber volume content using a universal material testing machine, acoustic emission monitoring, and finite element simulation method. The research results showed that under the same fiber volume content, the ultimate bending strength of three-layer basalt textiles reinforced concrete was 75.96% higher than that of basalt fiber. The load–displacement curve of basalt textile reinforced concrete could be summarized as elastic deformation stage, strengthening stage, and textile breakage stage, both of which had inhibitory effects on crack growth. However, basalt textile could play a role in redistributing internal stress and controlling the evolution of cracks. The bending damage mechanism of basalt textile reinforced concrete was mainly characterized by fiber pull-out, fiber/matrix debonding, and fiber breakage. The total acoustic emission energy reached 8666 mV·ms, which was 131.03% higher than that of basalt fibers with the same fiber content. The established finite element model had good consistency with the experimental results.