ABSTRACT Along with the increased attention of core–shell heterojunction quantum dots (QDs), there have been recent strong efforts to improve their practical applications by developing the synthetic approaches. In this work, uniform Te@Se core–shell QDs have been successfully fabricated via combining liquid‐phase exfoliation and epitaxial growth methods, where the similar lattice structures of the materials from the same main group can effectively solve the lattice mismatch issue. Theoretical calculations reveal that the Te@Se material is a Type‐I heterojunction with favorable initial electron transfer from core Te to shell Se upon formation. The photo‐response performance of Te@Se QDs is systematically investigated by producing photoelectrochemical type photodetectors in low concentration electrolytes (0.1–10 mM), for which optimized photocurrent density (32.63 µA/cm 2 ) and photoresponsivity (1564 µA/W) could be achieved. The device also exhibits fast response and excellent stability, which could overcome instability issues in high‐concentration electrolytes and expand the practical applications.

In this paper, we introduce and study two new classes of subrings of C(X): norm-closed subrings and norm-reflecting subrings. A subring ℝ ⊆ S ⊆ C ( X ) is said to be norm-closed if for every f ∈ S , the function |f| ∈ S; it is norm-reflecting if |f| ∈ S implies f ∈ S. These concepts are inspired by the lattice structure of C(X), particularly the operation of taking absolute values. We provide characterizations of norm-closed (norm-reflecting) subrings. Several examples and counterexamples are presented to illustrate the distinctions and connections between these classes.

This paper details the development of innovative grading techniques for 3D-printed biopolymer composites that utilize locally sourced, cellulose-based fibre streams to produce architectural-scale components. It examines the design considerations, methodologies, and fabrication strategies that are necessitated by the utilisation of biopolymers for architectural applications, and which underlie key processes of designing for and with variable materials. The presented research interrogates the methodological challenges of formulating new approaches that actively engage architects and designers with the ecological implications of their design choices. It outlines new methods for material grading that enable targeted compositional variation through three interlinked contributions: a gradable recipe, a design-interfaced specification process for grading, and an infrastructure for large-scale 3D printing of biopolymer composites. The paper presents the Rhizaerial demonstrator as an implementation of these contributions. Rhizaerial is a full-scale interior ceiling vault system, whose curved components are printed as a 3D porous lattice structure that creates an interplay of light, visual transparency, and colour, while maintaining structural integrity. We detail the gradable biopolymer composite recipe, and the residual and regenerative material streams it combines. We outline the implicit modelling pipeline, which includes methods for locally specifying lattice structures for 3D printing, as well as assigning continuous grading specifications to print paths. Finally, we describe the fabrication infrastructure and tooling for robotic printing of large-scale graded biopolymer composites.

This study presents an in-depth numerical investigation of the dynamic and mechanical performance of architected, strut-based lattice structures, with a critical emphasis on auxetic topologies, such as double pyramids with and without lateral supports. Finite element simulations using both high-fidelity (actual) and low-fidelity (homogenized) models are carried out across various lattice geometries, including octet, diamond, cubic variants, and double pyramids, spanning unit cell configurations from 1 × 1 × 1 to 5 × 5 × 5. The modal analysis reveals that homogenized models provide excellent agreement for geometrically regular and isotropic lattices, such as the octet. However, they tend to significantly overpredict lower-order natural frequencies in complex or auxetic architectures, especially at smaller scales. A threshold of 3 × 3 × 3 unit cells is identified for achieving reliable homogenization in anisotropic lattices. Effective mechanical properties using periodic boundary conditions were also studied, confirming auxetic behavior (negative Poisson's ratio) in selected configurations. Furthermore, the inclusion of rounded fillets at sharp junctions in the lattices enhances both stiffness and modal accuracy. Notably, modal degeneracy observed in specific symmetric geometries underscores the role of topology in vibrational behavior. This work offers comprehensive design guidance for tailoring lattice-based materials in high-performance applications, enabling optimized fidelity selection and resonance avoidance strategies in aerospace, biomedical, and multifunctional composite systems.

Abstract Fasteners are used in various industries to join two components mechanically or to fix an object and prevent its movement due to impact, pressure, vibration, or thermal effects. This research investigates the negative Poisson’s ratio auxetic lattice structure in polyamide 12 (PA12) dowel pins with standard geometries, with the objective of designing an optimized lightweight, non-permanent fastener that minimizes mounting force while maximizing grip strength, ensuring no damage or failure occurs to the pin during the pullout process. The pin geometries in solid and hollow configurations, together with the effects of cell number and size, cell rotation, and the combination of two auxetic cell types, were analyzed. Auxetic cells were incorporated into the pin's cylindrical structure by defining a two-dimensional cell pattern in the cylinder’s cross-section and subsequently applying axially symmetric rotation. Quasi-static simulations were performed to model both the mounting and pullout processes for all dowel pin designs. Additionally, a dedicated simulation model was developed for each geometry to determine its Poisson's ratio. The top-performing models from each group were selected based on their superior functional characteristics, with results presented alongside corresponding Poisson’s ratios. The findings demonstrate that hybrid auxetic structures can significantly enhance fastener performance when structural weight is a critical design constraint.

Shaking table test of a brass-based dynamic scaled model for single-layer cylindrical latticed shell structures

Realizing cascade regulation to photocarrier dynamics via heterophase homojunction construction and surface reconstruction for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance.

Stiffness design method of Gyroid-based functionally graded lattice structures with variable porosity controlled by load path

Generative design strategies for additive manufacturing of lattice structures: A review

Exploring the role of stochasticity in lattice structures for crush energy absorption capabilities

Compressive failure analysis and shape optimization of all-composite hourglass lattice structures

Experimental and numerical analysis of in-plane and out-plane compression of bird feather-inspired modified lattice structure

Dynamic behaviour of functionally graded lattice structures with short carbon fibre reinforcement

The primary goal of this study is to investigate and refine the two-cavity impedance tube method for acoustic characterization of bulk porous materials, specifically addressing previously unexplained inaccuracies in the prediction of surface impedance and absorption coefficients. Unlike the conventional two-thickness approach, the two-cavity method requires only one sample thickness and involves conducting measurements at various air cavity depths behind the sample. The initial analyses revealed previously unidentified numerical instabilities, resulting in anomalous predictions of sound absorption at specific frequencies. Through systematic investigation and use of calculated data, the numerical origins of these anomalies are uncovered and a practical solution, involving the careful selection of cavity depths, is presented. This approach significantly improves predictive accuracy, validating the two-cavity impedance tube method as a robust and effective tool for the acoustic characterization of a wide variety of porous materials, including metallic and nonmetallic open-cell foams and additively manufactured lattice structures.

Tension-compression asymmetry in triply periodic minimal surface lattice structures

Synergistic heat transfer modeling of actively cooled lattice structures under high-temperature boundary conditions

Microstructural and mechanical analysis of TiCN-reinforced AlMgScZr composites fabricated via laser powder bed fusion: Insights into triple periodic minimal surface lattice structures

Design, fabrication, and characterization of 3D printed continuous fiber composite lattice structures via discrete insert-module assembly

Topology optimization of low-electromagnetic-radiation-intensity metasurface containing octet-truss lattice structures

V-Fe spinel formation mechanism during the reduction roasting process of V2O3-Fe2O3 system: Analysis of lattice structure and magnetism