Bangladesh Perspective Research Articles

The Role of Remittances on National Economic Development: A Study on Bangladesh Perspective

The Role of Remittances on National Economic Development: A Study on Bangladesh Perspective

Blended learning pedagogy and its implementation in the tertiary education: Bangladesh perspectives

<div><p class="abstract">This paper reviews the theoretical foundations and components of blended learning (BL) in higher education globally, analyzing six articles from five countries published between January 2016 and December 2020. The study identified challenges faced by instructors, including workload, timeliness, and lack of academic and technical skills to manage BL. Balancing face-to-face and online learning was also challenging. To address these issues, the importance of staff training, support, and networking was emphasized, proposing a modified BL model for tertiary education in Bangladesh, which could be implemented post-pandemic using a machine-learning approach. The mixed BL model was recommended for Bangladeshi institutions, utilizing machine learning algorithms to facilitate outcome-based learning through technological applications. A preliminary survey of 120 students from BGC Trust University in Bangladesh was conducted using statistical data obtained from machine learning algorithms to explore the applicability of the mixed-learning approach. Machine learning proved beneficial for data analysis, drawing valuable insights for educators and policymakers seeking effective teaching strategies that incorporate technology. This research underscores the potential of machine learning in conducting surveys and analyzing data related to blended learning in tertiary education, offering significant contributions to the field.</p></div>

Relationship Between Indoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Tract Infections: Bangladesh Perspective

Abstract not available Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2022;9(2):38-39

Compliance with and enforcement mechanism of labor law: cost-benefits analysis from employers’ perspective in Bangladesh

This manuscript offers a qualitative exploration aimed at proposing effective strategies for enhancing compliance with and enforcement of labor laws in Bangladesh by diminishing the incentives for non-compliance. The study relies on primary data obtained from statutes, legal decisions, and secondary data sourced from scholarly articles, books, and book chapters, among others. Employing a cost-benefit analysis approach from the employers’ perspective, the study contends that showcasing the superior costs associated with violating labor laws, in comparison to the benefits gained, will incentivize employers to prioritize compliance to safeguard their interests. To this end, the research puts forth eight distinct techniques or mechanisms to curtail the benefits derived from disregarding labor laws. These strategies are thoughtfully organized into two categories, namely “increasing the likelihood of self-enforcement” and “supporting by other actors.” The proposed techniques for enhancing compliance with and enforcement of labor laws in Bangladesh hold significant potential in benefiting key stakeholders, policymakers, and practitioners in the field. Furthermore, the study’s findings carry valuable implications for other developing countries in the South Asian region, given their similar socio-economic and cultural contexts.

Educational Environment in Operating Theatres of Bangladesh: Views of Surgical Trainees and Trainers

The quality of the educational environment in the operating theatre is one of the key determinants for the effective training of surgical trainees. This descriptive cross-sectional study was aimed to evaluate the views of postgraduate surgical trainees and their trainers to identify the strength and weaknesses of the educational environment of the operating theatres of Bangladesh. Data were collected by physical means from 349 surgical allied trainees of 14 different disciplines who are having a minimum of three months of working experience in operating theatre as postgraduate trainees. To evaluate the perception of trainees’ internationally validated questionnaire STEEM consisting 40 items was used. To highlight the perspective of Bangladesh, an additional self-made questionnaire consisting ten items was also used. Both questionnaires have five answering options (1-5) for each item as per Likert scale. A score of 60% was considered as satisfactory. To have more vivid ideas six sessions of focus group discussion with trainees and12 in-depth interviews of trainers with minimum five years of teaching experience in his/her specialty from most of the surgical disciplines were also carried out. In this study, the reliability score of STEEM and the self-made questionnaires were 0.757 and 0.730 respectively as determined by Cronbach’s alpha. In general, the perception of trainees regarding the educational environment in OT of Bangladesh was grossly satisfactory with a mean score of STEEM 134.32±14.05 (67%) and 36.80±5.25 (73%) for self-made questionnaire. But group D subscale of STEEM (workload, support and supervision) failed to reach satisfaction level with a mean score of 20.89±5.36 (52%) and the difference between the four subgroups of STEEM was statistically significant. The satisfaction level of juniors in group B subscale of STEEM (perception of learning opportunities) was significantly higher than seniors. The perception between trainees of different disciplines was also statistically significant. From focus group discussions of trainees and in-depth interviews of trainers, this study revealed that trainees’ felt deprived of ‘hands on’ training and perioperative briefing either due to the huge workload or long learning curves of the junior faculties. Quality of training is somehow neglected due to physical absence of faculty members after routine office hour and also because of deficient simulation or skill lab. Trainees also claimed that their financial hardship making them bound for extracurricular activities compromising their full-time residential training. The overall educational environment in operating theatres of Bangladesh as perceived by trainees and trainers is satisfactory. To ensure the full engagement of the trainees under the direct supervision of faculties curriculum should be upgraded with the provision of a modern skill lab, workload should be managed and their financial issues need to be addressed sympathetically by the appropriate authority. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.14(2) July 2023: 33-44

Importance of Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance with its Challenges: Bangladesh Perspective

Abstract not available Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, June 2022;9(1):1-2

Analytical hierarchy process and economic analysis for optimal renewable sites in Bangladesh.

Bangladesh has a huge potential for utilizing renewable energy with the availability of sources for solar, wind, hydro, and biogas. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential for renewable energy sources and predicts optimal sites for renewable plant implementation in Bangladesh. A country-wise mapping approach is followed by validation of prediction using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) known as the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) which will aid in the planning and execution of Bangladesh's upcoming expansion of renewable farms and will also be a useful tool for policymakers. Moreover, an economic analysis for 50MW solar and wind power plant has been presented to estimate the levelized cost of electricity (LCoE) of the system and society. This work predicts the enormous potential for the expansion of renewable energy by assessing the appropriate future sites, economic viability, and provides several suggestions on the basis of the analysis from Bangladesh's perspective.

Role of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory for Prevention of Infection in Hospital Settings: Bangladesh Perspective

Abstract not available Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, July 2022;16(2):36-37

THE ROLE AND CHALLENGES OF AUTHORIZED AGENCIES IN COMBATING MONEY LAUNDERING IN BANGLADESH: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY

Money laundering has recently become a global threat, impacting developed and poor countries. In developing countries like Bangladesh, it is more difficult to combat financial crime than in developing countries because of the inadequate regulatory environment and vulnerable financial system. Bangladesh’s central bank issues guidelines to facilitate the implementation of the Prevention of money laundering act. According to the guideline of Bangladesh Bank, all financial institutions must develop anti-money laundering policies to ensure the safety and soundness of their institutions. This study aims to focus on the role of authorized agencies in combating money laundering. In this paper, the latest trends in financial crimes have been discussed from Bangladesh's perspective. The preventive measures for money laundering and other financial crimes have been discussed elaborately. So far, money laundering is a sophisticated and dynamic crime; the criminals continuously took innovative processes to use the financial system to launder money. Hence, the challenges of authorized agencies are crucial to combat money laundering. The study will take a step in pointing out the role and challenges of the authorized agencies in combatting money laundering in Bangladesh.

Covid-19’s Economic and Healthcare Correlations to Leading Affected Countries: A Statistical Assessment

In this study, we conducted a statistical assessment of the economic and healthcare issues of leading countries affected due to the Covid-19 pandemic. We sought to consider the pandemic's progressive components, including the total tests, total cases, total deaths, total recoveries, and the total number of active cases. We also investigated the population dispersion, health index, and annual per capita income of the target countries. Real-time information regarding the topics is gathered from reputable institutional websites across the world, then organized and analyzed using statistical techniques. Both the graphical and tabular approaches are employed to present statistical manifestations. While some countries are shown to be in the leading position for most of the target issues, some inconsistencies are observed among a few. Concerning the annual per capita income and health index of the target countries, the Covid-19 components are not very relevant, but there is a slight similarity when looking at the overall population. Interestingly, regions with very low population densities show a higher prevalence of Covid-19. No discernible trend is attained from Bangladesh's perspective. Keywords: Covid-19 components; Leading affected countries; Per-capita income, Health index, Population dispersion, Statistical assessment.

Questionnaires with Answers on the Advanced Technology of Automotive Engine: Bangladesh Perspective

Questionnaires with Answers on the Advanced Technology of Automotive Engine: Bangladesh Perspective

Demographic and clinical features of discharged versus death patients with COVID-19: Bangladesh perspective.

Demographic and clinical features of discharged versus death patients with COVID-19: Bangladesh perspective.

Assessing information quality of Bangladesh e-government websites

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the information quality of e-government websites by university-education citizens of Bangladesh. It also investigated citizens' demographic and Internet related variables associated with perceived information quality ratings and the validity of the underlying factor structure of information quality dimensions.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was conducted to assess information quality of e-government websites among a sample of university-educated citizens in Bangladesh. Descriptive statistics were obtained to examine respondents' ratings on information quality of these websites on a five-point Likert scale. A multiple linear regression model was applied to determine the effect of demographic and Internet use variables associated with information quality ratings on e-government websites. Finally, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to determine the underlying factor structure of information quality dimensions.FindingsThe findings revealed that the ratings on most information quality items were close to 4.00 on a five-point scale, indicating a generally high information quality of Bangladesh e-government websites. Out of 20 information quality dimensions, value-added and authority were the two top-rated information quality dimensions while security, completeness, reliability, advertisement, relevance and ease of use were the least rated dimensions. The results of multiple regression suggested that gender, age and the device used for accessing the Internet were significantly associated with information quality of e-government websites. The CFA results indicated that information quality dimensions corroborate the factor structure of information quality dimensions used in earlier studies, although the model fit statistics were not fully validated.Research limitations/implicationsThe focus of this study was confined to university-educated citizens in Bangladesh. Therefore, the results of this study may not be generalized to other demographic groups in Bangladesh or elsewhere.Practical implicationsThis paper can provide guidelines for developing high-quality, informative and citizen-centric e-government websites and suggest ways on how these websites can be evaluated for information quality.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine the information quality of e-government websites from the citizens' perspective in Bangladesh. The findings of this paper can assist responsible government agencies in making the websites more informative and useful for a diverse group of users.

Students’ Acceptance of Online Higher Education in COVID-19: Bangladesh Perspective

Students’ Acceptance of Online Higher Education in COVID-19: Bangladesh Perspective

Knowledge and practice of caregivers for the management of their febrile children: Bangladesh perspective

Background: Fever is the most common pediatric symptom and one of the most prevalent public health issues, which warrants frequent visits to the doctors. Evidence-based practices are widely lacking due to a scarcity of knowledge regarding the management of febrile children. Objective: This study aims to determine caregivers' knowledge and practices for managing their febrile children and to assess the factors influencing these practices. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at two military hospitals in Bangladesh. The study subjects comprised a convenient sample of 350 caregivers attending the OPD with a feverish child under twelve years. Results: Knowledge about fever management was deficient in the majority of participants, in terms of fever definition, the Paracetamol dose, and frequency. Most of the participants were worried about febrile convulsions. Unsatisfactory practices were observed in regards to faulty temperature measurement, giving inadequate fluid to febrile children, and preferring antibiotics to reduce body temperature. Maternal age, education level of the mother, income of the family, number of children, occupation of the mother, type of family, and history of recurrent illness in children were found to be significantly associated with the knowledge and practice level of parents. Conclusion: Poor knowledge and unsatisfactory practice of the parents regarding the management of their febrile children lead to undue concern, which increases the burden on healthcare facilities. It provides insight for healthcare providers to enhance parental expertise by offering evidence-based information and spreading awareness in the community to augment the general outcomes of febrile episodes in children.

The Role of Smallholder Farmers in Creating Sustainable Agricultural Supply Chains: A Bangladesh Perspective

Smallholder farmers play a crucial role in achieving sustainability in agricultural supply chains, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh. These farmers, who typically own small plots of land and rely on family labor, contribute significantly to the nation's food security and rural livelihoods. However, they face numerous challenges that hinder their ability to adopt sustainable practices and integrate into global value chains. This article discusses the importance of smallholder farmers in promoting sustainable agricultural supply chains in Bangladesh, the challenges they face, and potential solutions to support their livelihoods and promote sustainable practices.

The Role of Smallholder Farmers in Creating Sustainable Agricultural Supply Chains: A Bangladesh Perspective

Smallholder farmers play a crucial role in achieving sustainability in agricultural supply chains, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh. These farmers, who typically own small plots of land and rely on family labor, contribute significantly to the nation's food security and rural livelihoods. However, they face numerous challenges that hinder their ability to adopt sustainable practices and integrate into global value chains. This article discusses the importance of smallholder farmers in promoting sustainable agricultural supply chains in Bangladesh, the challenges they face, and potential solutions to support their livelihoods and promote sustainable practices.

Ethical Care in Cardiac Care: Bangladesh Perspective

Abstract not avaiable. Cardiovasc j 2023; 15(2): 116-117

Effect of excessive use of agrochemicals on farming practices: Bangladesh perspectives

Agrochemicals are the part and parcel of modern farming practices. The study attempted to explore the effects of excessive use of agrochemicals oin farming practices. A structured questionnaire and face-to-face interview were conducted in collecting data from randomly selected 150 farmers of Satkhira sadar upazila under Satkhira district of Bangladesh during November 2022. The perceived effect of excessive use of agrochemicals was the focus variable whereas the selected socio-economic attributes of the participants were chosen as explanatory variables. The effect of overuse of agrochemicals was assessed employing a 4-point rating scale and ranked by calculating perceived effect index while the independent variables were measured using appropriate scoring techniques and scales. The findings revealed that, majority (48.7%) of the respondents perceived high positive effects of excessive use of agrochemicals on farming practices while a large portion (59.3%) of them perceived medium negative effects. It was also found that, the most positive effect perceived was increase productivity and cropping intensity (91.8%) while the worst effect was perceived as poisonous to human, animal, and soil microorganisms (82.7%). The results also explored that the main cause of overuse of agrochemical is provision of higher yield (94.7%) whereas the best management practice suggested by the farmers was agricultural training (95.3%). However, perceived effect of agrochemical usage was found positively correlated with respondents’ educational qualification, farming experience, agricultural training, extension media contact, knowledge, and awareness. So, appropriate strategies along with sustainable farming system is crucial to protect our environment and save our upcoming generations.

Importance of Ensuring Victim’s Right of Participation in Criminal Justice Process: Bangladesh Perspective

The study of the article will try to find out that how the victims of crime are treated in the criminal justice system of Bangladesh. In our criminal justice system, victim’s appearance is overlooked where in reality their presence should be considered a vita point for securing justice. As we know that there is no comprehensive law securing rights and participation of victims in criminal justice system. Moreover victims’ lack of awareness about their rights, unfair treatment towards them and the absence of the rules of law, victims are not getting the proper justice from our judicial system. This research relies on qualitative methods to explore their status, participation and numerous challenges in the justice system and lastly recommends how to make the justice system victim oriented. Keywords: Victim, Criminal Justice System, Participation, Legal Right. DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/13-3-03 Publication date: April 30 th 2023