Autonomous Control Device Research Articles

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ MQTT КЛИЕНТА НА БАЗЕ ОДНОКРИСТАЛЬНОГО МИКРОКОНТРОЛЛЕРА ДЛЯ ЗАДАЧ УДАЛЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ОБОРУДОВАНИЕМ

The article describes a device that transmits data and processes commands over the MQTTprotocol on the Internet. A small batch was made to assess the performance in real practice. Thesoftware for the microcontroller is written in C using a real-time operating system (RTOS), whichallows you to streamline software development through pseudo-parallel code execution, task synchronizationmechanisms (semaphores, mutexes), and a queue mechanism. The paper presents anexample of an algorithm for the interaction of FreeRTOS tasks: the tasks of waiting for a commandfrom the server, the tasks of measuring temperature, the main thread that sends a messageto the server in response to the appearance of a line in the message queue. The core of the MQTTclient being developed is the STM32 microcontroller and the GSM/GPRS SIM800 module. A largenumber of interfaces are displayed on the device, which allows you to connect a wide variety ofperipherals (temperature, humidity, pressure sensors, servos, etc.). The device is able to independentlyrestore the connection to the network in case of its interruption. The proprietary implementationof the MQTT protocol version 3.1 QoS 0 is used in the software of the control microcontroller.MQTT messages are transmitted as part of a TCP connection established by means of a GSM module. The control microcontroller communicates with the GSM module via AT commands.The possibility of two-way real-time messaging is implemented, which allows using the developedmicroprocessor system both in the mode of an autonomous control device and in the interactivemode of executing commands received wirelessly and sending the execution statuses of thesecommands. The main feature of the MQTT client is the ability to remotely update the microcontrollersoftware (OTA), implemented using an auxiliary microcontroller and a flash memory chip.The developed MQTT client is intended to be used as the basis of microprocessor systems - clientsof the Internet of Things.

Intelligent Optimization Mechanism Based on an Objective Function for Efficient Home Appliances Control in an Embedded Edge Platform

In recent years the ever-expanding internet of things (IoT) is becoming more empowered to revolutionize our world with the advent of cutting-edge features and intelligence in an IoT ecosystem. Thanks to the development of the IoT, researchers have devoted themselves to technologies that convert a conventional home into an intelligent occupants-aware place to manage electric resources with autonomous devices to deal with excess energy consumption and providing a comfortable living environment. There are studies to supplement the innate shortcomings of the IoT and improve intelligence by using cloud computing and machine learning. However, the machine learning-based autonomous control devices lack flexibility, and cloud computing is challenging with latency and security. In this paper, we propose a rule-based optimization mechanism on an embedded edge platform to provide dynamic home appliance control and advanced intelligence in a smart home. To provide actional control ability, we design and developed a rule-based objective function in the EdgeX edge computing platform to control the temperature states of the smart home. Compared to cloud computing, edge computing can provide faster response and higher quality of services. The edge computing paradigm provides better analysis, processing, and storage abilities to the data generated from the IoT sensors to enhance the capability of IoT devices concerning computing, storage, and network resources. In order to satisfy the paradigm of distributed edge computing, all the services are implemented as microservices. The microservices are connected to each other through REST APIs based on the constrained IoT devices to provide all the functionalities that accomplish a trade-off between energy consumption and occupant-desired environment setting for the smart home appliances. We simulated our proposed system to control the temperature of a smart home; through experimental findings, we investigated the application against the delay time and overall memory consumption by the embedded edge system of EdgeX. The result of this research work suggests that the implemented services operated efficiently in the raspberry pi 3 hardware of IoT devices.

АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ВОДНИМИ МІКРОЕКОСИСТЕМАМИ

The work is intended to stimulate the interest in the field of automation of livestock farms, improve the quality of management of aquatic ecosystems by automating the processes that occur in their habitat, in particular in the aquatic environment of exotic fish – aquariums. Before creating such an automated system, a number of ready-made solutions have been investigated, as well as methods for their design and synthesis have been studied. The research of existing developments and finished systems has shown that at the heart of such devices there are bulky systems sharpened under each individual aquarium. Based on the results of the study, it is decided to create a unified device, with a simple interface that would be suitable for all ordinary types of aquariums, without special preadjusting of the system under a separate artificial aquatic environment. Comparing the available and popular tools for rapid prototyping of microcontrollers, it is decided to focus on the Arduino platform. The great attention and interest in the platform of radio amateurs and professionals, and, based on the previous statement, the high prevalence of prefabricated modules and components for the platform have helped to make the right choice of the basis of an automated system for managing artificial aquatic ecosystems habitat. In the process of reviewing ready-made solutions in the market, systematization of the received data and studying the relevant specialized literature, the algorithm of work of the future device has been drawn up, the necessary elements for the system construction have been selected, the schematic diagram of the device has been modeled and the device has been assembled and tested on available aquarium. Testing of the synthesized system on a real reservoir with organisms proves the urgency of creating such an autonomous control device, because the state of the environment has been maintained exactly as programmed by the system. Responding to changing the state of the components of the aquatic environment with a number of sensors, the system manages the system devices themselves, thereby maintaining the desired balance of the aquarium with minimizing the human factor.

Modeling and Simulation of an Intelligent Hybrid Energy Source based on Solar Energy and Battery

Today, the world suffer from air pollution due to the presence of chemicals, particulate matters and biological materials in the air. All these elements have negative impacts on human health, environment and economy. Vehicle emissions are considered a major source of air pollution. Transportation is one of the main sources of air pollution around the world. Vehicle pollution takes two forms, the emission of greenhouse gases (global impact on the environment, global warming) and particulate emissions (local impact, deterioration of air quality). In order to tackle this problem, the solution is to encourage the development of hybrid vehicles.This paper will shed light on a new hybrid generator topology, equipped with a photovoltaic energy conversion system, a battery with its DC / DC converter is adopted to replace the fuel cells in order to solve the problems which are: high consumption with a high cost in terms of energy. Another contribution of this work consists in the use of fuzzy logic; indeed the use of the fuzzy logic system which is used as an autonomous control device. Fuzzy logic has been used primarily to adapt control parameters in order to improve the overall robustness of the system while maintaining its stability.

Technology Focus: Heavy Oil (March 2015)

Technology Focus This past year witnessed significant activity and growth related to heavy-oilfield developments worldwide, and this was accompanied by a record number of SPE paper submissions on related topics. This feature article highlights several technical focus areas identified in this new literature set. On the basis of field experience, operators have recognized the importance of developing and implementing technologies that improve inflow conformance to facilitate uniform steam-chamber development along steam-assisted-gravity-drainage (SAGD) production wells. Several papers describe the development, testing, and field piloting of completions that incorporate various types of inflow-control de vices (ICDs). While most of these consider passive or autonomous control de vices, one paper describes the installation and early performance of an intelligent-well-completion system with full surface activation and control of the ICDs in an SAGD well. Technical challenges associated with sand control, erosion, scaling, and plugging also must be addressed as these various systems evolve and their use continues to grow. Significant attention was also given to solvent-based recovery methods with more than three dozen papers on various aspects of modeling, experimental evaluation, and field piloting of different solvent recovery schemes. This work contributes to the understanding of the complex chemical and physical processes involved in applying such recovery methods in different reservoirs and thus will assist operators in the effective screening, design, and commercial implementation of these techniques. As an example, another paper offers insights to the simulation community on methodological aspects of modeling hybrid steam/solvent processes. The exploitation of offshore heavy-oil reservoirs continued to be a focus for operators in many regions. The literature describes comprehensive appraisal and development planning programs as well as various studies and field pilots undertaken to screen/evaluate alternative primary- and enhanced-recovery methods (including polymer floods and various thermal processes) for these applications. One paper outlines the strategies pursued to address the challenges involved in developing a high-viscosity heavy-oil reservoir in the North Sea. Additional focus areas include advanced simulation techniques, new polymer developments and field applications, reservoir characterization and recovery surveillance, recovery strategies for fractured carbonate reservoirs, thermal-well design and integrity, caprock integrity, rock- and fluid-property determination, artificial-lift performance and reliability, and in-situ-combustion and electrical-heating recovery methods. The additional-reading papers and many others on these topics can be found in the OnePetro library. With the decline in oil price and typical product differentials, the current year will be particularly challenging for heavy-oil operations. However, as in the past, these conditions also create opportunities for technology development and deployment to improve operational performance and efficiency, and this should remain a priority for the industry. JPT Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org. SPE 172850 Polymer Flooding for Extraheavy Oil: New Insights on the Key Polymer Transport Properties in Porous Media by F. Rodriguez, Paris Diderot University, et al. SPE 169678 Maximizing Steam-Project Value in South Oman Through Flexible Development Phasing and Integrated Reservoir Surveillance by S.M. Al-Hinai, Petroleum Development Oman, et al. SPE 172889 Maximizing the Profitability of Extraheavy-Oil Wells With Cyclic Steam Injection in the Samaria Neogeno Field by Using Injection Profiles Logged Under Extreme Temperatures by Ezequiel A. Isidro Torres, Pemex, et al. SPE 170109 A Case Study in the Application of Bitumen Geochemistry for Reservoir Characterization in SAGD Development by J.N. Sereda, Suncor Energy, et al. SPE 169513 Case Study: Steam-Injection Step-Rate Tests Run in the Shallow Low- Permeability Diatomite Formation, Orcutt Oil Field, Careaga Lease, Santa Barbara County, California by Ramon Elias, Santa Maria Energy, et al.

2740 細管群蒸発器における流量適正分配の自律的制御の試み

An autonomous control device for refrigerant distribution is proposed. Acceleration pressure loss due to phase change in a small diameter tube is employed in order to introduce the additional pressure drop. It is found in a preliminary experiment that the refrigerant exit quality is increased with increasing heat flux of the control device, while the flow rate is decreased. Therefore, the present control scheme should be effective in regulating flow rate distribution in micro bare tube evapolators, which have many refrigerant paths.