Author Personality Research Articles

Folklore and folklorism in the cultural aspect

The subject of the study is the concepts of "folklore" and "folklorism". The purpose of the study is to identify the peculiarities of these concepts in culture. Folklore and folklorism are two concepts that are closely related to each other, but at the same time have their essential differences. Folklore is folk art, transmitted from generation to generation by oral or other means. It is a reflection of the cultural and spiritual life of the people, their beliefs, customs and traditions. While folklorism is the use of folklore elements in the creation of new works of art or culture. However, it should be noted that the distinction between these two concepts can be quite elusive. Some researchers argue that all statements of any author are the result of a combination of folklore elements and the author's personal style. Thus, it can be argued that every work contains both elements of folklore and elements of the author's personality. Comparisons are made in order to consider similarities and differences of terminological features of these concepts. Scientific methods of research are: cultural-historical, descriptive, and comparative analysis. This topic is relevant and understudied in culture, which constitutes the scientific novelty of the work. The article for the first time considers the term "folklorism" in comparison with the term "folklore". The vagueness and instability of the term "folklorism" was the reason why researchers rarely used it. Having considered various points of view, it should be concluded that folklorism, on a par with folklore culture, permeates many aspects of ethnic life, being not only a symbol of traditional culture, but also a means of promoting and preserving the national spirit of the people. In addition, such a study can be useful for the further development of folk culture and preservation of its values.

The author's moral right of withdrawal and its reasonable restriction or contractual waive

AbstractCopyright protects original works of authorship by granting the author economic rights, which give the author an exclusive right of economic exploitation, and moral rights, which protect noneconomic interests of the author. Moral rights are not considered property, but an aspect of the author's personality. The aim of this study is to find a solution how to include one of the author's moral rights—the right of withdrawal—in the national legal acts, so that it meets the interests of both the author himself and the user of the work. The research question is: how much should it be necessary to limit the right of withdrawal so that neither the transferee of the economic rights nor other coauthors of the work suffer from its excessive use? To find an answer to the research question, international and national legal norms of various countries were studied, the materials of international conferences were analyzed, as well as the information available on the Internet about the origin, use, and development of moral rights were taken into account. There is a wide diversity of opinion on the application of right of withdrawal, as well as great differences in the laws of individual countries. Although the laws of Common Law countries include mandatory moral rights (according to the Berne Convention), the right of withdrawal in its classical form is not provided for in any of the analyzed countries. In Civil Law countries are different attitudes to withdrawal rights. Some Civil Law countries have and some have not included these rights in national copyright law. The right of withdrawal can be included in the catalog of moral rights of national copyright laws, but it cannot be an unlimited right. Certain limitations or exceptions must be established for specific types of work or specific situations of use. It should also be possible for the author to contractually transfer or waive certain moral rights in specific situations.

Thank You to Our 2022 Reviewers

AbstractPerspectives articles pose a unique challenge for reviewers, compared to other AGU journals. Most scientific journals follow a fairly standard format and style, but this is not the case with Perspectives, where articles can take many different forms. Most scientific journals also discourage the incorporation of an author's personality, but for Perspectives it is requested. This means that reviewers have to evaluate Perspectives articles not only on the accuracy and validity of their scientific content but also on the quality of the storytelling involved, with an eye toward their usefulness in both documenting the history of our fields and in inspiring the future scientists of tomorrow. Perspectives is a relatively new and expanding journal. Last year we had 17 reviewers to thank; this year the number is up to 56. We are very grateful for the wisdom and flexibility shown by our reviewers, and the entire editorial board of Perspectives would like to express our deep appreciation for all the work they have done. Thank you!

Working Title

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CONTEXTUALIZING THE CONCEPT OF EXILE AND THE OTHER: THE SEARCH FOR IDENTITY IN EDWARD W. SAID'S OUT OF PLACE

The autobiographical work, Out of Place, sheds light on the identity crisis by presenting sections from the author's life. The East and West conflict experienced by Edward W. Said is a crisis of cultural identity caused by the problem of not belonging as being ‘the other’. The fundamental differences in the perspective of the two communities on life determine the extent of this conflict. This identity crisis of being ‘the other’, which has deepened the sense of rootlessness and uncertainty in cultural memory, prompted Edward W. Said to write his autobiography. Said, in his work, successfully presented the crisis of identity and the sense of (un)belonging that he aroused because of both the effect of the displacement he experienced due to the conditions of the period and the effect of living in Palestine, Lebanon, Egypt as an Arab-Christian American citizen with a British name and living in America as an Arab since his childhood. The subject of this study is the identity crisis that Edward W. Said experienced as a result of his birth in Arab lands as a child of a Christian family and then leaving his country and immigrating to the West due to the political conditions of the period and so that of his becoming ‘the other’ in wherever he stayed. It is the main purpose of this study to determine whether Said's exile life and his identity problem as being ‘the other’ influenced the author's personality and work; if any, what kind of effect it has. The author's identity problem of being the other and his perspective against this problem will be examined by doing context analysis with direct quotations from the work. Furthermore, in this study, autobiographical work of Said, who is stuck between the “clash of civilizations” and seeking an answer to the question "who am I?”, named Out of Place (Yersiz Yurtsuz) will be analyzed by using the positivist method focusing on the concept of immigration, exile and othering. In this method, it is aimed to explore the relationship between life and work of the writer, considering that the literary work is a product created depending on the life story of the author himself.

A. Bogdanov's Novels: Utopia or Artistic Reflection of the Future Sociality and Dilemmas of the Author's Personality?

The article offers the author's reconstruction of two novels and partly the life of Alexander Bogdanov. In terms of methodology, the author relies on the studies of art and his works published by him, which include three main plans - an analysis of the sphere of art, artistic communication and the artistic reality of the work. The study opens with the formulation of problems: the genre of novels is called into question as a utopia (the author believes that it is rather a social projection in the form of a work of art), the actions of the characters are incomprehensible, it is not clear why Bogdanov builds the plot so paradoxically. To resolve these problems, the author turns to the personality of Bogdanov, shows its duality: on the one hand, the desire for power and leaderism, on the other hand, the denial of these values and switching to scientific and teaching activities. This approach allows building a plausible, from the point of view of the author, reconstruction of the artistic reality of the novels and its events. At the same time, the author distinguishes two types of events in artistic reality. The first type is events that line up in response to a completely conscious problem or task. The second type does not imply an awareness of the problem facing the artist (it can only be felt as a vague dissatisfaction or desire), and there is no clear understanding of the way to solve this problem. The proposed reconstruction also makes it possible to explain some features of the evolution of Bogdanov himself: a break with Lenin and the Bolshevik leadership, the rejection of leaderism, switching to the construction of the science of "Tectology".

Bernard Bailyn on the Craft and Art of Historical Writing

Bernard Bailyn on the Craft and Art of Historical Writing

RESPONSIBILITY AND VOCATION AS A LIFE STRATEGY (ON THE EPISTOLARIUM OF LESYA UKRAINKA)

The research belongs to those studies in which a successful attempt was made to investigate the moral foundations of Lesya Ukrainka's life strategy. The epistolary heritage was chosen as the object, as it is a grateful material for the study of the author as a real person without the admixture of interpretations of the recipients. A similar study is on time also because Lesya Ukrainka's published letters without Soviet banknotes are involved. Anthropological literary studies has been chosen as the main literary approach. This vector of exploration was determined by the reasoning of the well-known forester L. Skupeyko, who noted that modern science needs research on the concept of the author's personality. The study of the state of development of the problem has shown that science has occasional concluding statements, but there is no intelligence that would be the basis for such a study. Working with epistolary required special objectivity. M. Kotsyubynska's warnings about such treatment of letters were identified as the basis and important for compliance. To outline the content of the concepts of "responsibility" and "vocation" was chosen the latest study E. Mulyachuk. Thus, in order to determine one's own mission - life strategy - it is extremely important to be aware of one's own self-determination, to be ready to resist everyday life, and to give preference to the interests of others. Lesia Ukrainka's epistolary legacy gives grounds to say that it is important for a writer to have the inner strength to overcome her own misfortune in order to realize her own life strategy. This will help to overcome the fear of living. In addition, the awareness of the professional vocation must be in harmony with life goals. According to Lesia Ukrainka, the professional mission should be realized through a number of specific actions: publishing translations, forming a library, etc. In the future, it is advisable to continue the study of epistolary heritage, as well as to study the life strategies of the main characters of the writer's works. In this way, we will approach the creation of the concept of the personality of Lesya Ukrainka's work.

ПРОБЛЕМА ПЕРЕДАЧІ МОВНОГО КОДУ АВТОРА ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЙОГО ПЕРЕКЛАДУ

the research includes a consistent study of the author's style, realizes the author's personality in text production and updates it in translations. This problem attracts the attention of many linguists. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the author's language code transmission and its transformation during translation. The study of the language code is to study the patterns of use of language tools to combine them with each other, thus forming the style of the author as a whole. The language code is a kind of manner in which the author writes his works, preferring one or another language means. The language code of the writer can be defined as a way of organizing verbal material, which, reflecting the artistic vision of the author, creates a new, unique image of the world. Language code is a holistic system that arises from the application of certain principles of selection, combination and motivated use of language tools. First, it is necessary to consider how the concepts of "language code" and "idiostyle" relate to each other. The study of the author's style consists in studying the patterns of using linguistic means of combining them with each other, thereby forming the author's style as a whole. Idiostyle is a kind of "handwriting" of the author, the manner in which he writes his works, giving preference to one or another language means and their translation.

Eptonyms in German: An Attempt of Typological Distinction (on the Example of Maxims and Aphorisms)

The present paper provides an outline of the German eptonym, as a quotation-like utterance that can be traced back to the name of its real or alleged author, a precedential text / a part of a precedential text connected with the concept AUTHOR. The eptonyms are examined from the point of view of the specifics of the AUTHOR's position regarding the topic of the utterance determining the type of eptonym. The four-step algorithm shown in the paper involves modelling the degree of the author's personality prominence in the eptonym. Two polar points – maximal social experience and maximal individualised author-based approach – are represented in the eptonymicon by maxims and aphorisms respectively. It is stated that the maxim objectifies the moral norms of a certain national language collective. It is rational, contains an immanent moral component, has a directive character, explicates the rules of behaviour, ethical principles, objective laws, norms. The aphorism is paradoxical, reflecting the depth and originality of individual author's multi-vector thought, formal symmetric, dialogic, breaking the rules of formal logic. The provided method can be used with the purpose of distinguishing and defining other types of German eptonyms.

On the autobiography of M. Y. Lermontov's dramaturgy of the early period (plats “Menschen und Leidenschaften” and “A Strange Man”)

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the two plays written by M. Y. Lermontov in the the early period – “Menschen und Leidenschaften” and “A Strange Man” form the perspective of manifestation of autobiographical context therein. These works are based on the dramatic events in Lermontov's biography that took place in 1830–1831, such as conflict between the poet's grandmother and father, death of his father, as well as Lermontov's relationship with N. F. Ivanova. Analysis is conducted on the texts of these two dramas, as well as on the biographical situation that encouraged Lermontov to create these plays. Special attention is given to determination of specificity of interrelation between the biographical and fictional in Lermontov's dramaturgy of the early period. Lermontov’s appeal to the drama genre is associated directly with the need for artistic mastering of the biographical context. The article analyzes the process of instilling life facts in the dramaturgical text, as well as the specificity of manifestation of the autobiographical in the plotline, images of the heroes, as well as ideological-thematic aspect of the work. The result of the conducted research lies in tracing the evolution of the image of the protagonist based on self-projection of the author's personality, as well as the peculiarities building a romantic conflict that has autobiographical grounds. The two compositions represent a different perspective upon the personality and behavior of a “strange” man; autobiographical accuracy in depicting a romantic conflict is associated with the possibility of conveying the history of relationships in the play, due to the closeness of this literary genre to empirical reality. This allows viewing the two plays as a system of artistic development of biographical events in the dramatic discourse.

ANALISIS GAYA BAHASA PADA PUISI “DISTILASI ALKENA” KARYA WIRA NAGARA

Language style is a way of expressing thoughts through language that has a certain effect and becomes a characteristic in showing the soul of the author's personality in writing poetry. In the poem “Alkene Distillation”, everyone who reads it gets swept up in feelings of heartbreak. In the poem, it tells the story of separating two hearts in a bond of feelings by using a unique diction, namely a diction that analogizes chemical scientific terms with life. Therefore, the research is focused on the style of language used by Wira Nagara in the poem entitled “Alkene Distillation”. The research method used is structuralism-semiotic analysis. This method is qualitative by describing in a description. The results obtained in the study show that there is the use of several styles of language. The use of the language style includes 1. The association in the poem is the word like a, 2. The metaphor in the poem is the phrase falling in love, 3. The personification in the poem is a moody cloud, my dream expands, he penetrates, and others, 4. Paradoxes in poetry those are regret-happy, sad-understanding, lonely-crowded, and others, 5. The hyperbole in the poem is a statement of loving you breathlessly, falling in love even before God planned Adam and Eve to be sent down to earth, and others, 6. Anaphora in the poem is the phrase how is it possible and at least.

Phatic Speech Diachrony: Editor’s Welcome Speech in Russian Popular Science Journalism of the First Half of the 18th Century

Early journalistic texts are important for a productive study of modern media texts communicative potential. The etitor – reader interaction patterns, in this case, must be considered diachronically. Modern popular science media texts show the genetic similarity with those of the early days of Russian periodicals. The research data and illustrative material have changed, but the composition, stylistics, manifestation of the author's personality, and the general intonation remain the same. The academic journal The Notes of the St. Petersburg Vedomosti (1728–1742) was the first Russian popular science periodical intended for readers who wanted to acquire knowledge about the world. The publishers of The Notes were well aware that interaction with the audience plays the most important role in articles of various information types. Since 1729 in the annual greetings to the reader (the modern "editor’s welcome speech"), phatic speech served as a powerful means of establishing contact with the audience. The phatic potential of the editor’s welcome speech provided the traditional combination of pleasure and usefulness, simplicity and accessibility of presentation. The main phatic features of the editor’s welcome speech included: an easy-going manner of conversation with the reader, the effect of personality-oriented conversations (friendly "you"), expression of concern about the reader’s interests in combination with information value and self-esteem, joking tone and intention to create a favorable communication atmosphere, formation of the friendly circle and association with the audience.

Lyric Hero Spiritual World And Creative Worldwide

The article emphasizes that in the study of the creative personality and worldview in art, his beliefs, confession of heart, life position, activity, attitude to the artistic word - all should be taken into account and studied on this basis. It is also possible to solve this problem by studying the poetics of the hero created by the creator. In prose, the image and interpretation of the protagonist plays a key role in the assessment of the author's personality, and in poetry the scientific interpretation of Alisher Navoi's lyrical hero.

ОБРАЗ РОССИЙСКОЙ ПРОВИНЦИИ В ТРАВЕЛОГАХ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ПУТЕШЕСТВЕННИКОВ XIX ВЕКА (НА МАТЕРИАЛАХ ЯРОСЛАВСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ)

The article is devoted to the research of foreigners' perception of social and cultural realities of the 19th century Yaroslavl province, using travel notes of French writers and publicists Astolphe de Custine, Alexandre Dumas, Theophile Gautier as an example. The author studies specific construction and representation of the Russian provincial images, addressed to the European reader. Comparing the travelogues of foreign travellers with the Russian texts and historical sources, the author assesses the degree of influence of the author's personality on the narrative and the specifics of the perception of Russian reality by representatives of different cultures. The Yaroslavl province, which is a common location to the three texts, is a relevant example of presenting the image of Russia in the travelogue genre. The objects of the study are the descriptions by foreign authors of Yaroslavl, Rybinsk, Romanov-Borisoglebsk (Tutaev), Uglich, the countryside and the means of transportation. The study reflects the trends towards representing the features of everyday life of different Russian society strata (peasants, nobility), the specifics of the «Russian type» of appearance and Russian character, urban policy and the architectural styles of provincial towns, and the economic aspects of everyday life. The authors of the travesties under study pay attention to stories from Russian history and strive to give a coherent characteristic of the locations. The analysis of the texts reveals such features of the authors' narrative as subjectivity, imprecision, interest in ethnographic and anthropological aspects, and an emphasis on exotic aspects of Russian life for the European reader. The travelogues in question are marked by the desire to construct Russia's artistic image and create a fascinating plot, and by the influence of the author's position and personal image of the author

Louise Colet ou l'éclectisme littéraire: une écrivaine parmi des hommes éd. par Thierry Poyet

Reviewed by: Louise Colet ou l'éclectisme littéraire: une écrivaine parmi des hommes éd. par Thierry Poyet Mary Rice-DeFosse Poyet, Thierry, éd. Louise Colet ou l'éclectisme littéraire: une écrivaine parmi des hommes. Minard, 2020. ISBN 978-2-406-10576-3. Pp. 347. This collection consists of a series of analyses of Louise Colet's writing in a number of genres, as l'éclectisme in its title indicates. A volume on a range of Colet's works is long overdue. As Poyet indicates in his introduction, Colet the writer has often been studied through a lens colored by assessments of the author's personality as well as her relationships with friends, correspondents, and lovers, chief among them Gustave Flaubert. Like a number of her literary sisters in nineteenth-century France, Colet was compelled to take up the pen in many genres to earn her living, yet the volume's subtitle also communicates her stature as a writer who held her own among male contemporaries, especially in the genre of poetry. Antoine Piantoni's essay is a powerful overview of Colet's poetic production and an adept and refreshing presentation of her esthetics as they evolved over time. All the analyses in this volume are meticulously researched, well written, and often break new ground. Of particular note are those by René Sternke, on the irony in the comedy La jeunesse de Goethe, and by Amélie Caldérone, on the politically motivated publication of several dramas about the French Revolution that appeared in the press rather than onstage in order to reach a broader audience. Several essays address Colet's works on Italy, including her enthusiastic support of the Risorgimento, her portraits of important Italian women, and her anticlericalism. Colet often focused on the condition of women and children. María Vicenta Hernández Álvarez explores her criticism of women's education in the narrative poem La servante. There are analyses on the theme of childhood in Colet's poetry, her biography of Émilie du Châtelet, and her reception in Portugal thanks to a translation of Enfances célèbres, a work for children aimed at their moral edification. Not all assessments of the writer are positive. Poyet presents the writer's novels as flawed by both artificiality and self-interest, but also suggests that her autofictions prefigure the novels of today. Éric Le Calvez contributes a meticulously detailed essay on Flaubert's critiques of Colet found in his correspondence, advice she often did not heed. There is a certain tension in this book, as it appears in a series of studies devoted to minor writers (minores), usually polygraphs who never achieved major status. Yet as a whole, this volume attests to Colet's gifts not only as a poet, but also as a playwright, biographer, and essayist. She also emerges as a fascinatingly modern writer, especially in the hybrid genres found in her accounts of travels in Italy or her native Midi, or the defense of women's rights evident in her written response to a defamatory article about her written by Alphonse Karr. This last piece, introduced by Poyet at the very end of the collection, gives Colet herself the final word. The volume includes a useful bibliography, indices of names cited and works cited, and abstracts. [End Page 237] Mary Rice-DeFosse Bates College (ME) Copyright © 2021 American Association of Teachers of French

DIGITAL DESIGN OBJECTS: FEATURES OF LEGAL REGULATION

The article is devoted to digital design objects. The author analyzes the features of design objects, examines the influence of digital technologies on the creation of design objects. It is suggested to enter the sign of originality for design objects as for works of art. Digital technologies give an impulse and a different meaning to design objects. The designer combines various types of technologies using digital technology. Thus, the originality of the design product will consist of different components: user perception of the object, convenience, fashion, design of creative use and processing of information, and other interesting and convenient elements. Objects created by artifi cial intelligence technology are becoming popular in design. For objects created by artificial intelligence technology, the criterion of originality will be questioned, since in foreign practice (USA, England), the criterion of originality carries the author's personality, but the novelty can be easily determined by the machine. Hence, it is proposed to grant the author of the software product the exclusive right to the object created by the machine.

Başını Eğmeyen Celileler, Cavideler, Cevriyeler: Suat Derviş'in Romanlarında Ahlâk Meselesi

Edebiyat tarihimizin unutulmuş/unutturulmuş kadınlarının sayısı bir hayli kabarıktır. Bu isimlerden biri de 1903-1972 yılları arasında yaşamış, çeşitli gazete ve dergilerde tefrika edildiği tespit edilen otuzdan fazla roman yazmış Suat Derviş'tir. 1990'lı yıllara kadar çoğu okuyucunun ismini dahi duymadığı Derviş, Oğlak ve İthaki Yayınları'nın yazarın eserlerini yeniden basmasıyla birlikte gündeme gelir. Suat Derviş ismine aşina okuyucular ise onu ya Fosforlu Cevriye'nin Cevriye'si ya da Ankara Mahpusu'nun Zeynep'i üzerinden tanırlar. Oysaki Suat Derviş, 1920'li yıllardan beri basın-yayın dünyasının içinde yer almış, birbirinden değerli eserlere imzasını atmış bir kadındır. Üstelik Derviş, sadece siyasî görüşlerini yansıtan eserler yazmamış, gotik öğelerle örülmüş olaylardan aşk acılarına kadar uzanan geniş temalar üzerinde durmuştur. Bu anlamda onun eserlerinde “fahişe”ler, “alt” sınıftan insanlar, aldatan kadınlar olduğu kadar “aile kızları”, “üst” sınıftan kişiler, aldatılan kadınlar da vardır. Yazarın eserlerinde öne çıkan bu kadınlar, onun ataerkil bir toplumda kadın olmanın ne demek olduğuna dair algısını ortaya koyarken bir yandan da toplumun ahlâk anlayışını sorguladığı bir malzemeye dönüşür. Ayrıca bu sorgulayış sadece kadınlar üzerinden de yürütülmez. Kadını ve erkeğiyle Derviş'in roman karakterleri, bir devrin ve toplumun içerisinde büyürler ve şekillenirler. Bu anlamda, Suat Derviş'in toplum ile münasebetini anlamak ve ortaya çıkan tablonun yazarın kişiliği, kadınlığı ve yazarlığı hakkında ne anlattığını görebilmek için konu hakkında tipik örnekler veren metinlerine odaklanmak gerekir.

BİR SUFİNİN ROMANI: TAHİRÜ L-MEVLEVİ VE TEŞEBBÜS-İ ŞAHSİ

Tesebbus-i Sahsi is the only novel written by Tahiru’l-Mevlevi, who was one of the last mesnevihans. It depicts the vitality in the press during the Second Constitutional Era and tells the story of an attempt to publish a newspaper by a group of friends who were influenced by tesebbus-i sahsi (private enterprise). The novel’s main idea is that the attempts which are made due to sole enthusiasm without proper preparation are doomed to fail. The novel was based a real story on a journalistic experience of the author himself in 1908. It also has an autobiographical character, with explicit traces of the author's personality and life. Standing out with its humorous side, Tesebbus-i Sahsi also has elements of criticism based on his observations about his period. The author refers to the problems that he observed in various fields such as the urban management, education, and press. When doing so Tahiru’l-Mevlevi uses poetry or makes interline references and he always uses a humorous tone to express his criticism. The work, in that sense, is a good panorama of the era.

Micro-introducción a Homero

¿De qué hablamos cuando hablamos de Homero? Es difícil concebirlo como un hombre, como un individuo histórico, y los antiguos griegos conocían sobre él tan poco como nosotros. Incluso si examinamos sus poemas, no podemos captar ningún rasgo de la personalidad de un autor. Pero su lenguaje y su estilo nos dicen lo suficiente como para comprender que lo que hemos estado buscando en un solo poeta debe encontrarse en una tradición. La Ilíada y la Odisea deben entenderse como documentos de poesía oral tradicional y no de literatura: al menos en el sentido de que no estaban destinados a ser leídos. Aunque desde siglos se consideren los arquetipos de todas las literaturas occidentales, su lugar está entre la concurrida compañía de los cantores anónimos que nos legaron obras maestras como Beowulf, Mahabharata, Chanson de Roland. What do we talk about when we talk about Homer? It is difficult to conceive him as a man, a historical individuum, and the ancient Greeks knew about him as little as we do. Even if we question his poems, we cannot grasp any trait of an author's personality. But his language and his style tell us enough to understand that what we were searching in a single poet must be found in a tradition. The Iliad and the Odyssey must be understood as documents of oral-traditional poetry and not of literature: at least in the sense that they were not meant to be read. Although they have been considered for centuries the archetypes of all western literatures, their place is among the crowded company of the anonymous singers who gave us masterpieces like Beowulf, Mahabharata, Chanson de Roland.