Concrete Transition Capital -For informational purposes only

The paper reviewed the current literature on e-learning and m-learning from 2004 to 2022 based on the most cited, peer-reviewed, published data from the Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science (WoS) database. The resulting thirty-eight (38) materials were comprised of scientific articles, conference papers, books and book reviews. The materials revealed the current status, future developments, along with the challenges and prospects of m-learning and e-learning in literature. The findings showed that the concepts of m-learning and e-learning are not mutually exclusive and bear many similarities. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that m-learning is not only an offspring but the panacea for the many challenges e-learning which affords users with speedy, cost-effective and on-the-go learning resources. As a result, m-learning has experienced significant growth over the years catalysed by advances in ICT and the widespread availability of the internet worldwide. Other interesting improvements include interactive tools, software and applications along with key computer features to improve the security of users, privacy, and resources. Most notable is public key infrastructure (PKI) and attribute certificates (ACS). Other features aim to enhance interaction and collaboration between students and teachers. In general, the study showed that future of pedagogical systems and educational technologies for the delivery of educational materials and learning resources will be greatly enhanced by the acceptance, adoption, and integration of e-learning and m-learning into the traditional classroom learning environments of the future.

The article presents a blockchain-based architecture for decentralized electricity trading that tokenizes energy delivery rights and cash-flows. Energy Attribute Certificates (EACs) are implemented as NFTs, while buy/sell orders are encoded as ERC-1155 tokens whose tokenId packs a time slot and price, enabling precise matching across hours. A clearing smart contract (Matcher) burns filled orders, mints an NFT option, and issues two ERC-20 assets: PT, the right to consume kWh within a specified interval, and YT, the producer’s claim on revenue. We propose a simple, linearly increasing discounted buyback for YT within the slot and introduce an aggregating token, IndexYT, which accumulates YTs across slots, redeems them at par at maturity, and gradually builds on-chain reserves—turning IndexYT into a liquid, yield-bearing instrument. We outline the PT/YY lifecycle, oracle-driven policy controls for DSO (e.g., transfer/splitting constraints), and discuss transparency, resilience, and capital efficiency. The contribution is a Pendle-inspired split of electricity into Principal/Yield tokens combined with a time-stamped on-chain order book and IndexYT, forming a programmable market for short-term delivery rights and yield derivatives with deterministic settlement.

Abstract Increasing social, economic, and political pressure causes many companies to pledge to decarbonize. A common measure involves the use of Energy Attribute Certificates (EAC), such as the European Guarantees of Origin (GO), to reduce emissions from electricity procurement (Scope 2). However, previous studies find no effect on additional renewable energy capacity. Focusing on Norway and Germany as dominant contributors to net GO exports and imports, this study examines the GO trade alongside corporate carbon accounting data to answer the research question: Does the decarbonization of corporate electricity procurement using Guarantees of Origin contribute to the expansion of renewable electricity generation capacity in Norway and Germany? The analysis of CDP and Association of Issuing Bodies data reveals Norway's consumption mix is more carbon intensive than Germany's because Norway exports GO and imports fossil electricity attributes. German companies report predominantly market‐based approach, mainly using green tariffs and GO for zero emission claims, while Norwegian companies favor the location‐based approach. The largest share of GO issued in Norway comes from hydropower plants aged 41 to 70 years. The results highlight the urgency to revise corporate carbon accounting standards. GO lack additionality due to double counting of renewable attributes. Potential solutions include additionality criteria, GO trade restrictions based on physical capacities, and age limits for eligible power plants. This study's novelty is linking CDP data with GO trade, to assess the integrity of corporate decarbonization strategies. It contributes valuable insights to ongoing discourse on the role of EAC.

This paper explores the transformative journey of a start-up company in the energy sector, employing a Dual Organisation-Development (OD) Process, as conceptualised within the co-generative learning/organisation development (OD) model. Originating from a doctoral thesis, this research unveils the application of the dual OD process in a longitudinal study of a start-up’s pursuit to revolutionise the Energy Attribute Certificates (EACs) market through digitalisation. The company aimed to connect energy users directly with renewable energy producers, ensuring transparency and traceability of the renewable origin of energy. Initiated through the “DIgitalised Node-trading for renewable energy with GO (DINGO)” project, the start-up received funding from a Norwegian research fund called Oslofjordfondet, propelling the development of a digitalised platform and the underlying research. This paper documents the dynamic interplay between daily business operations and the DINGO project, presenting the dual OD process as a bridged, facilitated intraorganisational and interorganisational development mechanism. Grounded in participatory organisation development and the cogenerative learning model, the study draws on historical written sources and insider perspectives. The research unfolds three key dimensions of the dual OD process within the start-up. Firstly, the research-based innovation project itself serves as a continuous learning and maturing process, reshaping the company over time. Secondly, the project opens avenues for accessing crucial financial, technological, and human resources, fostering new interorganisational collaborations. Thirdly, the project introduces friction between the research project and daily business operations, propelling the business model into unforeseen pathways, resulting in intraorganisational changes. To enhance the depth of the study, a reflection dialogue with the project owner were conducted in the spring 2024, offering a hindsight reflection on the effectiveness of the dual OD process in enhancing project outcomes and its continued application within the company. The paper contributes to understanding the pivotal role of research in early-stage business development, introducing the dual OD process as a valuable model for comprehending the intricate interaction between daily business operations, business modelling, and research projects. It also pays homage to Professor Morten Levin, highlighting the enduring influence of his mentorship and the co-generative learning model. In addition, entrepreneurs can derive practical insights from the dual OD model, providing a framework for navigating the challenges and opportunities inherent in combining business modelling and research, thereby facilitating successful business development.

To accelerate the transition towards an energy system based on renewable energy sources (RES), governments set targets for RES shares in their energy mixes. Renewable energy also plays a major role in decarbonization strategies of private organizations. Electricity from RES is claimed via the acquisition of market-based Energy Attribute Certificates, such as Guarantees of Origin (GOs). GOs can be traded within the European residual mix area. Interest in GOs is lower in countries with high RES shares, leading to a trade imbalance. In 2020, Iceland and Norway had a GO trade deficit that corresponded to 74.2 % and 62.4 %, respectively, of their gross final electricity production from RES. This study evaluates the non-dependence of Europe's RES targets and the GO system by including GO trade in the RES share calculations. Overall, 11 countries do not reach their 2020 RES targets for the electricity sector due to the inclusion of GO trade. Their total GO trade deficit amounts to 212 TWh, equivalent to 31 % of all issued GOs from RES. Limiting international GO trade to ensure that each country still achieves its RES-E targets is one option to harmonize governmental and corporate RES and decarbonization targets. Other options include the complete prohibition of international GO trade and a GO trade limitation to actual physical electricity transmission. Further aligning physical and virtual electricity consumption could strengthen the energy transition contribution of energy attribute certificate systems, such as the GO system.

Device sharing among users is a common functionality in today's IoT clouds. Supporting device sharing are the delegation methods proposed by different IoT clouds, which we find are heterogeneous and ad-hoc IoT clouds use various data (e.g., device ID, product ID, and access token) as authorization certificates. In this paper, we report the first systematic study on how the authorization-data are managed in IoT device sharing. Our study brought to light the security risks in today's IoT authorization-data management, identifying 6 authorization-data leakage flaws. To mitigate such flaws, we propose an approach to hide the authorization-data from the delegatee (a.k.a., the user authorized to access the devices) without disrupting the device sharing services. We propose SecHARE, an automated tool to patch the vulnerable IoT clouds. We applied SecHARE to 3 popular open-source IoT clouds. Results have shown the compatibility, effectiveness, and efficiency of SecHARE. We have made SecHARE publicly available

This study aims to determine the relationships between medical health tourists' perceptions of motivational factors and their behavioral intentions. In addition, it is aimed to redesign the health investments made with the existing medical technology in accordance with the medical health tourism trends and to develop motivational resources in this application process. The population of the study consists of international patients who have received medical health tourism services from health facilities operating in the province of Istanbul and holding a health tourism facility authorization certificate and who were reached through social media channels (Twitter, Instagram). The sample group consisted of 400 international medical tourists reached through the social media addresses (Twitter, Instagram) of health facilities operating in Istanbul and holding a health tourism facility authorization certificate. The data were collected through online survey technique. The total number of questionnaires evaluated and used in data analysis is 400. Accordingly, the overall average score of the motivational factors of medical health tourists is 3.94±0.58; the highest sub-dimension is "price affordability (4.39±0.75)" and the lowest sub-dimension is country knowledge and awareness (2.67±0.96). At the same time, looking at the evaluations of medical health tourists regarding their behavioral intentions, the general average score of behavioral intention was found to be 4.45±0.73. Based on the results of confirmatory factor analysis, it was revealed that there is a positive relationship between medical health tourists' motivational factors and their behavioral intentions at a high level and that medical health tourists' attitudes regarding their perceptions of motivational factors have a highly significant and positive effect on their attitudes regarding their behavioral intentions. This research has demonstrated that motivational factors can affect how a medical tourist perceives the image of the healthcare provider in the host country. First of all, since medical health tourism, which adds positive value to the economy, is an important preference criterion to be included in strategic plans, it is recommended that the government develop an effective policy in this direction. In addition, health investments in Türkiye with existing medical technology should be supported and redesigned in line with medical health tourism trends.

Aim: This study was aimed at determining the relationship between and determinants of the perceived body image, patient satisfaction and quality of life of individuals who preferred Turkey to undergo Bariatric Metabolic Surgery within the scope of medical tourism. Methods: The population of the study consisted of 329 medical tourists who underwent bariatric surgery between 2015 and 2022 in private hospitals having health tourism authorization certificate in Samsun. Data were collected between September 01, 2021 and November 31, 2022 using the Personal Information Form, Body Image Scale, Quality of Life Scale and Patient Satisfaction Scale. Results: Of the participants, 37.4% were men and 62.6% were women. Their mean age was 39.74±10.063 years. According to the results obtained from the present study, patient satisfaction was affected by the variables such as age, education level, family type, monthly income, income status, exercise status, chronic disease status and perceived body image (p

Web siteleri içerikleri özellikle yabancı hastaların sağlık tesisi seçimlerinde önemli bir kriterdir. SGHM ’ye göre Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde 8 ilimizin 2’si (Siirt ve Kilis) hariç diğer 6 ilimizde (Gaziantep, Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Batman, Mardin ve Adıyaman) toplam 37 kurum sağlık turizmi yetki belgesine sahiptir. Bu çalışma ile, sağlık turizmi yetki belgesine sahip bu kurumların web sitelerinin Maifredi vd. (2010) tarafından geliştirilmiş ve Birbir ve Buzcu (2014) tarafından Türkiye’deki sağlık kuruluşlarına uyarlanan 5 boyut (hastane bilgileri- hizmetleri boyutu, teknik faktörler boyutu, kabul-sağlık hizmetleri boyutu, dış faaliyetler, interaktif çevrimiçi hizmetler) toplam 85 kriterden oluşan ölçekle içerik analizlerinin yapılması, web sitelerinin incelenen ölçeğe göre mevcut durumlarının belirlenmesi ve varsa eksik yönlerin geliştirilmesi için faydalı bir kaynak oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır. Ölçeğe göre incelenen web sitelerinde kamu hastanelerini %60 oranı ile ilgili ölçekteki kriterleri karşıladığı fakat genel ortalamanın tüm hastaneler türünde %54 olduğu, il bazında en yüksek oranda kriterleri karşılayan ilin Adıyaman (%63,6) en düşük ilin ise Mardin (48,3) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca web sitelerinin pek çok önemli kriterde eksikleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlgili sonuçlara göre hastane sağlık hizmetlerimizin sunumu kadar bunun uygun bir web sitesi ile tanıtılabiliyor olmasının önemine binaen, eksik kriterlerin giderilmesinin sağlık turizmi kapsamında tercih edilebilirliği yükseltebileceği belirtilebilir.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the satisfaction and organizational commitment levels of healthcare professionals in private healthcare institutions serving within the scope of medical tourism. In addition, it is to reveal the relationship between satisfaction and organizational commitment levels of healthcare workers and that two factors do not differ according to demographic characteristics. The research population consists of healthcare professionals working in private health institutions that have the Ministry of Health tourism authorization certificate in Kayseri. Accordingly, a questionnaire was applied to 346 healthcare workers working in private health institutions. In the study, "Personal Information Form", "Employee Satisfaction Scale" and "Organizational Commitment Scale" were used as data collection tools. Percentage and frequency distributions, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation analysis were used in the analyzes performed with the SPSS 22 (Statistical Package of Social Sciences) package program used in the analysis of the obtained data. According to the results of the research, it is seen that there is a positive significant relationship between the satisfaction and organizational commitment levels of healthcare workers (r =, 620; p =, 000

Conventional personal identification methods (ID, password, authorization certificate, etc.) entail various issues, including forgery or loss. Technological advances and the diffusion across industries have enhanced convenience; however, privacy risks due to security attacks are increasing. Hence, personal identification based on biometrics such as the face, iris, fingerprints, and veins has been used widely. However, biometric information including faces and fingerprints is difficult to apply in industries requiring high-level security, owing to tampering or forgery risks and recognition errors. This paper proposes a personal identification technique based on an ensemble of long short-term memory (LSTM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) that uses electrocardiograms (ECGs). An ECG uses internal biometric information, representing the heart rate in signals using microcurrents and thereby including noises during measurements. This noise is removed using filters in a preprocessing step, and the signals are divided into cycles with respect to R-peaks for extracting features. LSTM is used to perform personal identification using ECG signals; 1D ECG signals are transformed into the time–frequency domain using STFT, scalogram, FSST, and WSST; and a 2D-CNN is used to perform personal identification. This ensemble of two models is used to attain higher performances than LSTM or 2D-CNN. Results reveal a performance improvement of 1.06–3.75%.

This article traces the early transmission for ʿUmar al-Suhrawardī’s (539–632/1145–1234) influential Sufi treatise Benefits of Intimate Knowledge (ʿAwārif al-Maʿārif). Analyzing the biographical dictionaries, authorization certificates (ijāza), and audition (samāʿ) records in the early copies of the work, it aims to produce an initial yet complex map of scholarly networks that formally disseminated al-Suhrawardī’s masterpiece, with a focus on the first two centuries of its composition. These networks, as the article observes, go beyond the transmissions of the initiatic robe and the mystical formula of the Sufi order (ṭarīqa), insofar as some key figures in the early transmission were traditionists who neither received a Suhrawardian initiatic robe nor had any known connection with Sufism at large. The article suggests that the audition sessions of traditionist circles particularly in the Hijaz played a key role in the early transmission of ʿAwārif al-Maʿārif. Its transmission was part and parcel of the circulation of a broader set of works, those on prophetic traditions (ḥadīth) in particular, such as Musnad al-Dārimī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, and Ṣaḥīḥ al-Muslim. We find ʿAwārif al-Maʿārif in a long list of transmitted ḥadīth works, often together with another Sufi treatise, Al-Risāla penned by al-Qushayrī (d. 465/1072).

Today, we see that countries are trying to develop health tourism for reasons such as the desire to generate more income and spread tourism to 12 months. Our country also makes many legal regulations in order to get a higher share from health tourism. One of these is the requirement to obtain an international health tourism authorization certificate. In 2017, according to the Regulation on International Health Tourism and Tourist Health, travel agencies that will act as an intermediary in health tourism have to obtain a license to continue their activities. The purpose of this study is to examine the websites of travel agencies with health tourism authorization. In this context, the websites of 89 travel agencies with international health tourism authorization certificates were analyzed using content analysis method. As a result of the research, it was seen that most agency websites contain corporate information, service information and facilitating transactions, but not financial information such as price, package price.

Inn Building, the prominent part of Husrev Pasa Social Complex is located on south of the Old City of Van. Other complementary parts are located in the west side and Kaya Celebi Mosque is located in the east sides of the Building. An epitaph of the building is nonexist for the Inn currently. The Inn has been planned and built by Sinan on 975 A.H. – 1567 A.D. besides the social complex as indicated by the The Husrev Pasa Foundation Charter Certificate. The Inn building’s excavation works have been completed in the year of 2010 under the authorization certificate from Ministry of Culture and Tourism. It is understood that the building had been one inn instead of being double inn after all underground sections of the building were discovered during the excavation works. Entire interior rooms of the inn, interior courtyard and symmetrical rooms which were arranged in the same line towards east direction were discovered. Additionally a rubble stone covered pattern which provides connection between the inn and southern walls of the city has been discovered with said excavation. After excavations, any evidence having inventory value was not reached. However, some pieces that do not form a unity were found in various places of the building; such as amorphous quality metal pieces and particles, pots and pan pieces, two deformed metal window fences. The Inn's scientific excavation and application projects are conducted by Dr. Sahabettin Ozturk, instructor at the Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Department of Architecture, Restoration Programme Directorate. Husrev Pasa Social Complex Inn’s excavation and documentation works have been done by experts using optical tools in the year of 2011 under the support of Provincial Special Administration of the Van Governorship. The period architecture of which the social complex had built accordingly, have been determined according to the building survey. Within the Husrev Pasa Social Complex’s unity, projects of building survey, restitution and restoration have been prepared under the supervision of scientific head of the excavation and have been approved by Regional Protection Board for Van’s Cultural Heritage.

In 2014, Yang proposed a method to enhance the current EMV credit card protocol (EPMAR). However, the protocol ignores the exceeding of a credit quota caused by multiple offline transactions, with the result that the amount spent can exceed the risk control scope. In this paper, we proposed an EMV-compatible offline mobile payment protocol with mutual authentication (EOPMA) to enhance EPMAR. In EOPMA, we use the reverse hash chain technique to guarantee the payment, which solves the problem of credit quotas getting exceeded because of multiple offline payments. During a transaction, in addition to payment for merchandise, an offline authorization certificate for the transaction is sent to the merchant. The merchant can verify the correctness of the transaction in real time. Our protocol is compatible with the EMV standard, which is applicable to the retail environment of numerous merchants and effectively, making EMV transactions more secure and reliable. We use numerical analysis to examine the security and performance of the protocols. We formally check the correctness of EOPMA by using the Gong–Needham–Yahalom logic.

The emergence of smart grids has considerably improved the quality of life. However, the real-time electric usage information transmitted by smart meters reveals consumers' private information. Based on the remote anonymous attestation technology in trusted computing, the concept of a trusted smart meter is proposed in this paper in order to protect consumers' private information from the terminal end. Attribute certificates are used to hide the platform configuration of smart meters and the ring signature technology is adopted to hide users' personal information. The proposed protocol not only prevents the leakage of private information with competitive efficiency but also ensures trusted detection for upgrading the software of smart meters.

The perception of quality of care and job satisfaction of nurses with custom fields authorization certificate

The Concept of a Distributed Repository for Validating X.509 Attribute Certificates in a Privilege Management Infrastructure

Body sensor network has emerged as one of the most promising technologies for e-healthcare, which makes remote health monitoring and treatment to patients possible. With the support of mobile cloud computing, large number of health-related data collected from various body sensor networks can be managed efficiently. However, how to keep data security and data privacy in cloud-integrated body sensor network (C-BSN) is an important and challenging issue since the patients’ health-related data are quite sensitive. In this paper, we present a novel secure access control mechanism MC-ABE (Mask-Certificate Attribute-Based Encryption) for cloud-integrated body sensor networks. A specific signature is designed to mask the plaintext, and then the masked data can be securely outsourced to cloud severs. An authorization certificate composed of the signature and related privilege items is constructed which is used to grant privileges to data receivers. To ensure security, a unique value is chosen to mask the certificate for each data receiver. Thus, the certificate is unique for each user and user revocation can be easily completed by removing the mask value. The analysis shows that proposed scheme can meet the security requirement of C-BSN, and it also has less computation cost and storage cost compared with other popular models.