Authentic Style Research Articles

Suffering and Greatness: Metaphor, Will and Self-reference in The Flying Dutchman

ABSTRACT Wagner’s early opera The Flying Dutchman has long been recognized as the first of the composer’s works to be written in his own authentic style and idiom, in which the protagonist strongly suggests a metaphorical representation of autobiographical content, complemented by a musical expression of overpowering will that listeners have variously felt to be aggressively domineering or curiously liberating. This paper traces the progressive unfolding of these effects in the course of seeing (and hearing) the work performed, approaching it as a form of drama in which stage action and dialogue are immeasurably enhanced by the Wagnerian musical narrative. As such, it begins with the overture, in which the opera’s central metaphor is already implicit in the figure of the storm, before becoming explicit in the onstage presentation of character contrasts and relationships, a dynamic in which the sympathetic listener is increasingly implicated through a heightened emotional (and even quasi-sexual) involvement in the music. There is, in other words, an implied parallel between the heroine’s redemption of the doomed Dutchman and the aesthetic abandonment to the work itself that is so imperiously demanded of its audience.

‘Eins im All zu sein.’ Rhythm, Form and the Pursuit of Universality in Lu Märten’s Torso: Das Buch eines Kindes (1909)

This article examines the connections between emergent working-class culture and the literary canon around 1900 through a reading of Lu Märten’s Torso: Das Buch eines Kindes (1909). By considering Märten’s materialist aesthetics and analyzing the cultural references and meta-reflections on rhythm and literary form in the text itself, this article demonstrates how Märten reinterprets (Early-)Romantic concepts of art in light of working-class experiences. In doing so, her work seeks to synthesize the Romantic novel and socialist concepts of autobiography, authentic style, and immediacy.

О некоторых аспектах и нюансах перевода с французского языка на русский

Translation has been traditionally an object of linguistic research. A command of translation literacy is a crucial condition and a task for the translator. Translation as a search for semantic equivalence presupposes a high level of professional linguistic competence, a sufficient set of expertise in the required field, and an intensive research of the sphere whose scope the translated material covers. Therein lies the linguistic culture combining creativity, a sense of language and its stylistic colouring and unconditional knowledge of the Russian language and its specificity. To be professionally literate means to be able to adequately transfer the content, meaning and subtleties of the source material to the target language. The translator’s weakening the stylistic colouring or substituting the modified expressive means can often lead to a change in the expressiveness of a particular segment of the text, and possibly, of the content. Our study examines some aspects and nuances of translation from French into Russian, actualizes the issue of using Russian lexical and phraseological units which are equivalent and unequal in meaning. Over the centuries, the French language has not lost its characteristic clarity and precision, therefore the result of a qualified translation is the preservation of the authentic style, terminology and colour.

A szolgáló, etikus és autentikus vezetési stílusok összehasonlító elemzése a BANI világ kihívásainak tükrében

In a globalised and accelerated economy, managers are under increasing pressure to reconcile organisational goals that are independent from human being with the reality of human relationships. The human being, as a being with intellect and senses striving towards happiness, is the focus of positive leadership styles and is their major concern in the field of management theory. In this article, three such positive styles, authentic, servant and ethical leadership principles and their operating conditions are compared using international literature. The literature time span of about two decades shows that the evolution of the ethical leadership literature has slowed down, while the authentic and servant leadership literature has continued to evolve and is still evolving today. The comparative table that appears in this study highlights both commonalities and distinctions, in that, in addition to high moral and ethical standards, the authentic style focuses primarily on the person of the leader, the ethical leader on the ethical standards of the organisation, while the servant leader focuses on the development of the well-being of the subordinate, the other person, even through self-sacrifice. We intend to use the results of this research to investigate measures of positive styles, preparing the scientific ground for future primary empirical field studies.

An Empirical Study on Project Managers’ Leadership Behavioral Practices Impacting Project Success – The Australian Construction Sector

ABSTRACT The study aims to bridge the gap for an in-depth empirical analysis by investigating the project managers’ leadership behavioral practices, helping practitioners tackle unique challenges in the Australian construction sector. A quantitative approach was employed using a survey questionnaire to collect responses from (66) project managers/leaders. Exploratory factors/multivariate regression has identified four key success factors: (1) Relationship Management, (2) Leading by Example, (3) Self-Management, and (4) Interpersonal Sensitivity and thirteen contributing leadership practices, emphasizing inclusiveness, relationship-building, self-feedback objectivity, sharing information, and controlling emotions that significantly impact project success. Synthesizing information indicated transformational, transactional, and authentic styles of leadership practices and an inclination to adopt innovative behaviors promoting positive change for achieving project success. Besides, the study found remarkable differences in the project leadership practices from those extracted from global research studies, suggesting future investigation. The study’s results addressed the challenges experienced in the construction industry: delays and inefficiencies, supply chain management, communication barriers with a multicultural workforce, stringent government regulatory and safety compliance, infrastructure demands, skills shortages, sustainability, organization culture, and new technology adoption. It will significantly contribute to the body of knowledge by generating valuable insights and perspectives for a deeper understanding of construction-related practices for the practitioners.

Reading Allen Ginsberg's "Howl" through Lefebvre's Spatial Theory

Allen Ginsberg, a prominent American poet and writer, is widely recognized for his significant contribution to American literature by creating his authentic style and as a critical figure in the Beat Generation. This literary movement emerged in the 1950s as a response to the time's oppressive and conservative societal norms, including the fear of nuclear war, the rise of consumerism, and the stifling conformity of the Cold War era. Ginsberg's literary voice captured the essence of this movement, expressing its countercultural values through his descriptions and language, which were often explicit and straightforward. This study examines "Howl" through the lens of Lefebvre's Spatial Theory, which provides a critical framework for analyzing the spatial dimensions of social life. By applying Lefebvre's theory, this analysis reveals the spatial dimensions of the poem, including the relationship between space and time, space and ideology, and the relationship between poetry and language. The use of spatial theory in literary analysis offers a unique perspective on the social and cultural context of the time, providing insights into how spatial and ideological power relations are reflected in literature. This study will contribute to a sociological commentary on American literature as it explores the role of space and place in the production and reception of literary works. It also provides an analytical framework for understanding the spatial dimensions of social life in 1950s America.

Northern Siberian Trade Route and Polar Urals Railway. Part 1

A reproduced article published in the journal «Zheleznodorozhnoe delo» in 1912 is devoted to a project to build a railway linking the fluvial network of Siberia (approximately from the nowadays Salekhard to the Ob) with the Arctic coast in Varandey district, where it was supposed to build a seaport.Although development of the transport infrastructure of the Polar Urals and the North of the European part of Russia eventually went the other way, the economic geography, the foreign trade balance changed, the article is of interest in its historical aspect by the balanced and detail-focused approach to the comprehensive assessment of complex transport projects that was developed more than 110 years ago and their feasibility study. The authors of the project under consideration took into account, when arguing, many factors – of a strategic nature (development of the Siberian region, reduction of the transport load on the backbone transport network of the European part of the country, minimisation of competition between domestic producers along the route of goods flows), foreign trade flows, seasonality of navigation along rivers and the Northern Sea Route, technical and economic aspects of construction, distribution of private and public investments, projected optimal tariffs and taxation, payback periods, taking into account payment of dividends, and many others.Of course, the content of factors taken into account and assessment methods have changed significantly since then. One of the paradoxes is that, despite new technologies, modern engineers already assess the risks and difficulties of building in the subpolar zone much higher, while at the beginning of the last century this area was considered almost an easy and cheaper option for building a railway.In general, we must give credit to the authors for complexity of their approaches, taking into account the time when they were made.The authentic style, punctuation, lexis of the time have been preserved as maximum as possible while reproducing the article.Part 2 is to be published in the next issue.

Relationship between authentic leadership style and staff nurse’s loyalty

Background Nowadays, achievement of staff nurse’s loyalty is a critical problem that worries health organization and head nurses. Several ways are proposed to solve this problem, through improving leadership styles, especially authentic style. Aim To assess the relationship between authentic leadership style and staff nurse’s loyalty. Design A descriptive correlational design was used. Setting The study was conducted at New Kasr El-Aini University Hospital, Cairo University, Egypt. Patients A convenient sample of 200 staff nurses was selected to participate in the study. Tools Two tools were used: (a) staff nurses’ loyalty questionnaire and (b) authentic leadership style questionnaire. Results The current study revealed that staff nurses’ perception of the authentic leadership style levels showed low level (48%) among their leaders, and nearly half (49.05%) of staff nurses had low loyalty level. In addition, the current study revealed that there was a statistically significance correlation between authentic leadership styles and loyalty (P<0.05). Conclusion The study concluded that there was a statistically significant correlation between head nurses’ authentic leadership styles and staff nurse’s loyalty. Recommendations A strategic plan should be created by hospital management to increase nurses’ loyalty. Hospital administrators should select head nurses based on pre-requisite criteria not only based on their years of experience, on their capabilities as a leaders to lead others in their job, and on their level of goal achievement as a leader.

A Comparative Study of the Relevancy of Western Educational Philosophies and Islamic Philosophies

Islam is the global and most pragmatic religion which is a complete of life. It is divine religion bestowed with the faculty of furnishing practical and long lasting solution to all encountered problems in an authentic style. There are two schools of thoughts categorizing the religions and its verdicts in its own parameters and perspectives. There are two main titles used for these classifications as Islamic and western views and proofed. These two main classes are further branched as sub categories in light of its practices and principles. The present study describes and evaluates the two prominent western educational philosophies named Perennialism and essentialism with its major components and then a comparative analysis is made with Islamic philosophy. This study extends the logical and literature based proofs about the intersecting similarities between both educational philosophies. The study focuses mainly on the notions of Islamic philosophy and its components. Citations of quranic verses have been cited for validation of sources. The study was qualitative in nature and was based review of literature. The tool of literary discourse analysis was applied for elaboration of reliable differences. Genuine web sites were consulted for authentication of results. Particular Area. The study disclosed that the Islamic philosophical system was more authentic and flexible in terms of knowledge and social relationships. The results of comparison highlighted that we should try to practice the holistic and experiential application of Islamic philosophies for durable enactment of strong relationship between learners and teachers for long lasting social aims and objectives.

Eksplorasi Mainan Seni Dengan Pendekatan Berbasis Praktik

Toys as a Media for Self-Emotional Representation, Thesis for Creation of Fine Arts, Department of Fine Arts Education. Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Jakarta. An art or designer toy is a product made by artists and designers who are self- produced or made by small, independent toy companies, usually in very limited editions. A personal journal is made, designed by carrying the concept of telling stories and expressing each emotion through sketch images, summarizing various sketches that have been made into one character that represents these emotions during the work, 3D modeling and printing with 3D printing tools. Responding to the trend of pop culture by contributing to the creation of Art Toys, nowadays many toy designers are starting to make their own characters into art toys, the product can be judged in an authentic style as a toy product targeted at adults. The product is designed based on surveys and input on the needs of the community and has been tested among the upper middle class starting from early adulthood in the Jakarta area as a target market. Of course, this art toy product will be an option as well as an answer to pop culture trends and provide education about psychological conditions, especially in emotional disorders, as a work of art or a collection of art toy products can last for an indefinite period depending on the treatment technique.

The Concept of Individuality and the Hero-artist in C. Bukowski’s Short Stories: Between Modernist and Postmodernist Structure of Feeling

The subject of the study are two short stories by the American writer Charles Bukowski «Aftermatch of a lengthy rejection slip» and «Notes on the life of an aged poet». The selection of these stories is due to the fact that the first of them regards to beginning of Bukowski’s creative path, and the second one is connected with the mature period of his creation, which, in turn, allows not only to observe how the authentic style of Bukowski as a creator was forming, but also how an artist is able to capture the spirit of the historical epoch that is relevant to him. Thereby the object of the research is the image of the hero-artist, around which most of Bukowski's literary works are concentrated, including the stories selected for analysis. The purpose of this article is to analyze how the hero-artist in Bukowski’s short stories «Aftermath of a lengthy rejection slip» and «Notes on the life of an aged poet» experiences his historical present reflecting upon his professional status and his creativity. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that these stories were not subjected to scientific analysis in the domestic academic discourse and, therefore, Bukowski's short prose was not considered as a body of texts that has signs of modernist and postmodernist literature. Using comparative, descriptive and sociological methods in the study, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that Bukowski's work covers a specific historical situation in the United States, in which there is a transition from modern to postmodern mindsets, from the industrial mode of production to the postindustrial, which, in fact, Bukowski embodies in the image of his hero-artist and his creative practices vividly.

Le style c'est l'homme même?

In our article, we argue, following Nelson Goodman and Arthur Danto, that in contrast to the essentialist conception of authenticity, it is more fertile to consider authentic patterns not as the inner core of the person, but as a case of metaphorical exemplification. According to our approach, if we accept that authentic style is a metaphorical exemplification, then, based on Richard Rorty’s concepts of language and metaphor, style can be seen as an exaptation or reuse of symbols previously adapted through cultural selection to other specific functions. To support this approach, we proceed as follows. First, using Goodman’s and Danto’s model, we argue that authentic style can best be grasped through metaphorical exemplification. We then show that the metaphorical use of linguistic, pictorial, and other symbols is the result of exaptation. According to our results, the authentic style is the exaptation of symbols previously adapted to culturally selected functions. We then separate authenticity from creativity through the concepts of style and manner—borrowed from Danto—and we point out that whether a particular symbol is authentic or not is not affected by whether creative or mechanical mental processes are responsible for its creation. Finally, we examine the relationship between authenticity and autonomy, and we show that in an environment that promotes autonomous decisions and authentic style, agents that originally generated inauthentic symbols may be able to produce authentic ones.

Vasilache, a román vásári kesztyűs bábjáték hőse

In my paper I will be talking about the evolution of the Romanian fair hand-puppet plays, the relationship of its hero, Vasilache, and the Karagöz plays, the appearance of Vasilache at fairs and tourneys, and the Vasilache and Mărioara plays after the regime change of ’89. The Romanian fair puppet plays splintered from puppet, and later religious puppet plays, to become an autonomous play style. According to Romanian researchers the play of puppets simplified over the course of time, and then crystallized to be the Vasilache and Mărioara show. By analyzing the traditional Romanian folk puppet hero’s evolutional history, we can note that the playing tradition was passed down from generation to generation, and the script was never written down. Current research data shows that we do not possess any evidence of folk puppeteers to have had a permanent playing spot. Furthermore, the data we have about their activities is as sporadic as the physical objects we are left with. It is very hard to reconstruct the original, traditional playing form of the folk puppeteers. The last folk puppeteer’s death caused the traditional form of the play to come to an end, the authentic style of the shows was not passed unto the next generation. Although the relevance of the Vasilache character has vanished from the puppet theater, it pops up in the repertoire of individual puppeteers, and occasionally puppet theaters.

Integration of design in the hotel and restaurant business: effects for tourism and development of local communities

Introduction. The article examines the peculiarities of the integration of design in the hotel and restaurant business and determines its role in the process of attracting tourists and in the development of local tourism business. A number of recommendations have been formulated regarding the feasibility of developing eco and ethno-homesteads as new art forms of hospitality establishments, which is a driver of the development of green tourism in the united territorial communities of Ukraine. Goal. The purpose of the study is to analyze the influence of the design of the hotel and restaurant complex on the attractiveness of tourists and the development of the tourism industry of local communities. Method (methodology). The methodological base is made up of general scientific research methods adapted for the analysis of specific aspects of design in the hotel and restaurant business. Empirical methods, including observation and description, are used to gather primary data on design trends in the industry, while statistical methods allow for processing the collected information and identifying patterns and dependencies. Synthesis, induction and deduction are used to identify innovative design approaches that are integrated into the Ukrainian hotel and restaurant business. Google Trends analysis to track the dynamics of demand and interest in various design styles and concepts of the hotel and restaurant business that are gaining popularity among consumers in real time. A sociological survey is used as a tool to collect data from real and potential customers of the hotel and restaurant business regarding their preferences, expectations and impressions of the integration of design in hospitality services. Methods of abstraction and generalization help to form proposals for the use of design as a tool for the development of the hotel and restaurant business and its impact on the development of local communities and the attraction of tourists. The results. The article proves that design solutions have the greatest influence on the development of the hotel and restaurant business in the case when hotels or other forms of hospitality are chosen by tourists exclusively for recreation. Design plays a significant role in the processes of forming a positive image and attractiveness for eco-tourists and ethno-homesteads, because such locations are chosen by tourists not for temporary residence, but for recreation, therefore design is the basis for reflecting the authentic style, culture, architecture, customs and traditions of the region. Therefore, eco and ethnic estates, as recreation complexes, can be one of the main drivers of the development of green tourism and the local economy.

Authentic style–fashion–dress negotiations of married lesbian couples on their wedding day

In 2015, a United States Supreme Court ruling allowed same-sex marriage in all 50 states. Since that time, there have been over one million same-sex marriages in the United States, and the number of same-sex marriages has increased every year (Romero, 2017). With this work, we conducted an in-depth, exploratory study on how lesbian married couples in the United States negotiated their style–fashion–dress on their wedding day. The work was guided by theory exploring authenticity as related to self-expression through appearance, and in particular, the notion that individuals mobilize a diverse array of products within the consumer marketplace to articulate an authentic identity or self. We conducted a single, semi-structured, in-depth interview with a photo-elicitation component with 10 lesbian married couples. Our analyses revealed themes that interconnected with the overarching concept of authenticity. Specifically, analyses demonstrated that, as participants sought to articulate an authentic identity through their wedding day style–fashion–dress, they often became entangled in gender and other symbolic negotiations that prompted feelings of empowerment as well as experiences of ambivalence and/or the need to engage in various forms of emotional labor or renegotiations of meaning. Four themes that emerged included (1) ambivalence, renegotiations, and labor surrounding the identity or concept of “bride” or what it means to be a bride; (2) gender expressions and experiences as central to the negotiation and construction of style–fashion–dress for the wedding day; (3) representations of the authentic self in wedding day style–fashion–dress; and (4) heteronormative experiences. Findings from the present study also revealed that lesbian couples sought to redefine what it means to be a bride/person getting married, a form of political action enacted through wedding day style–fashion–dress. Findings suggest implications for lesbian, queer, and heterosexual–focused wedding retailers and event planners to consider in order to provide an affirming experience for the increasing number of same-sex married couples in the United States.

The Foreign Architectural Influences on Melaka Style Traditional Mosques

Sacred architecture is a clear reflection of each region's history, culture, and identity and is considered as an especial domain in architectural studies. Mosque as the symbol of Islamic art and architecture positions a place of importance between artists and scholars worldwide. Although numerous materials have been documented about various mosques’ regional typologies, the Southeast Asian mosque style has been surprisingly neglected. Since the advent of Islam in Southeast Asia during the 13th-15th centuries, numerous traditional mosques with distinctive architectural form and ornamentation, very different from what is known as a mosque in Middle East or Indian subcontinent, were erected in the region. Due to the unique geographical position of the area the powerful role of Melaka during the 15th -18th centuries, various ethnic groups from different cultures have been always presented in the Straits of Melaka. Melaka scenery has been formed as a result of one special attribute of local entities; being receptive to new notions and ideas, as long it does not interfere strongly rooted local beliefs. Melaka style traditional mosque architecture shows foreign influences from great civilizations in east and west while still introduce an authentic style of Southeast Asian mosque. This study tries to provide a discussion about Hindu-Buddhism and Chinese influences on Melaka traditional mosques by comparing the architectural appearance of the mentioned cultures and three selected traditional mosques in Melaka. Through interpretation of the gathered evidence, this study indicates that Hindu-Buddhist architectural characteristics profoundly influenced the Melaka style mosque in form, while the Chinese influence in appearance of certain architectural elements and ornamentation is discernible.

Approximating or Distancing? The Use of Deixis, Anaphora and Historic Present in Russian Translations of “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”

The research presented in the article focuses on the factors, which determine deictic and anaphoric shifts in Russian translated narratives. The phenomenon of systematic change of proximals (here, now, this house) to distals (there, then, that house) or vice versa, as well as omitting or adding these elements, has been explored in contemporary researches using translated texts corpora. Approximating or distancing trends have been revealed within a corpus of translations or individual translated versions. The article aims to determine the factors influencing deictic and anaphoric shifts in Russian translations of "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" by Mark Twain. The analysis undertaken helped to reveal the following factors: the language factor (translators may use the deictic or anaphoric shifts to avoid incorrect constructions), the stylistic factor (translators prefer the elements that are widespread within a literary tradition), the strategic factor (a translator may apply an individual strategy to highlight the author's authentic style). In Russian translations of the novel about Tom Sawyer the approximating trend is dominating: the deictic centre of the narrative gets closer to the reader. This effect is achieved by condensing the deictic proximals, substituting past verb forms by historic present and adding anaphoric proximals in the focalized fragments. These changes intensify the author's original approximating strategy of the focalized narrative.

BACHATA AS A DANCE FORM: PERFORMANCE AND PECULIARITIES OF ARTISTIC IMAGE

The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the bachata social dance as a popular modern dance form; to analyse the stylistic features and the specifics of the technique of performance. Through the research, the historical method is to study the origin and popularisation of the dance; the typological approach is to identify the factors of dance formation and evolution, the features of transformative processes. In order to provide the background to the leading recent trends in social dance forms, the method of artistic and stylistic analysis is used; the method of artistic analysis is aimed at identifying the specific stylistic elements of bachata as a social and competitive dance. In Ukrainian art studies, the bachata dance is studied as a social, cultural and artistic phenomenon for the first time ever; the process of formation and development of this dance form in retrospect is considered; the stylistic features of Dominican bachata, Western “traditional” bachata, modern bachata, sensual bachata and the specifics of its performance technique in the world-class competitions (“Sobre Todo 2019”, “BachataStars Italy 2019”, “Paris Bachata Festival Contest 2019”, Bachatastars International Champions, etc.) are defined. Specific features of bachata as a social dance form are shown in the specifics of the dance symbolism, the extreme flexibility and plasticity of performance. The study revealed the characteristic features of modern bachata styles: the quick tempos of performance, number of footwork, lack of lifts and rotations (authentic style); closed position, a close tie between dance couple, soft hip movements, wise set of turns and figures, borrowing movements and elements of ballroom dance styling (Western style); a combination of elements of Western bachata, salsa, tango and ballroom dancing, the dominance of body and hip movements (modern style); improvisation, a large variety of figures, the presence of lifts and elements of the show, elegant dress (sensual style).

Public confidences: Hazlitt’s “Table-Talk” and the Romantic familiar essay

ABSTRACTThe familiar essay is one of the most neglected genres of Romantic prose. Recent criticism of the essays of Leigh Hunt, Charles Lamb, and William Hazlitt, the familiar style’s most articulate defender, has sought to assimilate the genre into a tradition rooted in the periodical essays of Addison and Steele. Yet Hazlitt’s more immediate influence was Michel de Montaigne, who modeled sincere self-revelation as a means to ease readers’ objections. This article examines Hazlitt’s “Table-Talk” essays for the London Magazine and his collected volumes of Table-Talk—two series that present the writer differently to different groups of readers despite sharing a title and method. Hazlitt’s search for an authentic style that suggested greater sincerity is evidence of his efforts to initiate a mutually beneficial relationship with readers. In Hazlitt’s hands, then, the familiar essay should be seen as a strategy for intervening in Romantic reading practices.

Authentic leadership: women leaders in Serbia

Authentic leaders are people who are aware of themselves and own capabilities, who respect other people's opinions, perspectives and attitudes (about business and them as leaders), who are guided by high moral principles and practice transparency in business and communication with other employees. The aim of this research is to show are the women leaders in Serbia belong to the authentic type of leader and which of the characteristics of the authentic leader is the most common among them. In the research 113 women leaders from various activities from the territory of the Republic of Serbia participated. Of the total number of respondents, 31 results show an authentic leadership style, while only 3 results show a strong authentic style. Self-awareness is a dimension that stands out in relation to the other three and characterizes the largest number of women leaders. Further analysis showed that the greatest leadership potential in terms of authentic leadership has women who deal with services, have between 36-45 years and 10-15 years of work experience in the business in which they are engaged and have Bachelor’s degree. The society in Serbia is such that it prefers male leaders, the goal of this research is to show that women are excellent leaders based on their characteristics and to have the predisposition to become great authentic leaders.