Aureobasidium Pullulans Research Articles

The Effect of Organic Lake Sediments (Sapropel) on the Properties and Biological Resistance of Unfired Clay Bricks

Clay materials were prepared with clay and sapropel (SP) or clay and modified (frozen) sapropel (FSP) as the main raw materials. Clay-based materials were formed by mixing clay with a different dosage of SP or FSP (5–30 wt.%). The effect of SP or FSP on the properties and biological resistance of clay-based materials was studied. The results show that the bulk density of clay-based materials decreased, and the compressive strength and initial rate of water absorption increased with the increase in the SP or FSP amount in the clay mixture. Research has shown that SP or FSP can be added as a natural additive containing microfibers to improve the mechanical properties of clay materials. When clay bricks had less than 15% sapropel, dry or frozen, we tested the resistance impact of the fungi Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Stachybotrys chartarum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Aureobasidium pullulans under normal conditions.

Tools for live-cell imaging of cytoskeletal and nuclear behavior in the unconventional yeast, Aureobasidium pullulans.

Aureobasidium pullulans is a ubiquitous fungus with a wide variety of morphologies and growth modes including "typical" single-budding yeast, and interestingly, larger multinucleate yeast than can make multiple buds in a single cell cycle. The study of A. pullulans promises to uncover novel cell biology, but currently tools are lacking to achieve this goal. Here, we describe initial components of a cell biology toolkit for A. pullulans, which is used to express and image fluorescent probes for nuclei as well as components of the cytoskeleton. These tools allowed live-cell imaging of the multinucleate and multibudding cycles, revealing highly synchronous mitoses in multinucleate yeast that occur in a semiopen manner with an intact but permeable nuclear envelope. These findings open the door to using this ubiquitous polyextremotolerant fungus as a model for evolutionary cell biology.

DoE-based medium optimization for improved biosurfactant production with Aureobasidium pullulans.

Polyol lipids (a.k.a. liamocins) produced by the polyextremotolerant, yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium pullulans are amphiphilic molecules with high potential to serve as biosurfactants. So far, cultivations of A. pullulans have been performed in media with complex components, which complicates further process optimization due to their undefined composition. In this study, we developed and optimized a minimal medium, focusing on biosurfactant production. Firstly, we replaced yeast extract and peptone in the best-performing polyol lipid production medium to date with a vitamin solution, a trace-element solution, and a nitrogen source. We employed a design of experiments approach with a factor screening using a two-level-factorial design, followed by a central composite design. The polyol lipid titer was increased by 56% to 48gL-1, and the space-time yield from 0.13 to 0.20gL-1h-1 in microtiter plate cultivations. This was followed by a successful transfer to a 1L bioreactor, reaching a polyol lipid concentration of 41gL-1. The final minimal medium allows the investigation of alternative carbon sources and the metabolic pathways involved, to pinpoint targets for genetic modifications. The results are discussed in the context of the industrial applicability of this robust and versatile fungus.

Biocontrol of Alternaria alternata in cold-stored table grapes using psychrotrophic yeasts and bioactive compounds of natural sources

Alternaria alternata is a common fungal pathogen causing postharvest decay in table grapes. This study addressed the potential of autochthonous yeasts and bioactive compounds of natural sources to act as biocontrol agents (BCAs) against A. alternata in cold-stored table grapes. With this purpose, 19 yeast capable of growing at 0–1 °C were isolated from the surface of Red Globe table grapes. These isolates, along with the pre-isolated strain Metschnikowia pulcherrima RCM2, were evaluated as BCAs in wounded berries. From these results, six yeast isolates were pre-selected to be combined with bioactive compounds of natural sources, like phenolic compounds (PCs) of side streams of wine industry, including bunch stem extract (BSE) (5–25 %), and cane extract (CE) (5–25 %), and functional polysaccharides from shrimp waste such as chitosan (CH) (0.5 %). Then, the biocontrol efficacy of combined treatments beyond individual ones was compared. The results revealed that 4 yeast isolates, namely M. pulcherrima RCM2 and ULA146, and Aureobasidium pullulans FUL14 and FUL18, were the most effective. However, when combined with the natural bioactive compounds, their efficacy against A. alternata did not increase significantly. Notably, ULA146 and FUL18 demonstrated a biocontrol efficacy of 36–37 %, comparable to that of the treatment with commercial doses of SO2, which only showed a 27 % reduction in the lesion diameter. These findings highlight the potential of using psychrotrophic yeasts as BCAs against A. alternata in cold-stored table grapes. Combining these yeast strains with BSE, CE and CH did not increase BCAs efficacy against this pathogen at the concentrations tested. The development of effective biocontrol strategies for A. alternata could contribute to reducing reliance on chemically synthesized fungicides, promoting sustainable practices, aiming to improve the quality and safety of cold-stored table grapes.

Characteristic analysis and fermentation optimization of a novel Aureobasidium pullulans RM1603 with high pullulan yield

A high-yielding microbial polysaccharide-producing strain, named RM1603, was isolated from rhizosphere soil and identified by morphological and phylogenetic analysis. The extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) were identified by thin-layer chromatography and infrared spectroscopy. The fermentation conditions were optimized by single factor experiments in shake flasks and a 5-L fermentor. The results of morphological and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that RM1603 was a strain of Aureobasidium pullulans. Its microbial polysaccharide was identified as pullulan, and the EPS production capacity reached 33.07 ± 1.03gL-1 in shake flasks. The fermentation conditions were optimized in a 5-L fermentor, and were found to encompass an initial pH of 6.5, aeration rate of 2 vvm, rotor speed of 600rpm, and inoculum size of 2%. Under these conditions, the pullulan yield of RM1603 reached 62.52 ± 0.24gL-1. Thus, this study contributes RM1603 as a new isolation with high-yielding pullulan and potential application value in biotechnology.

Adsorption of Zearalenone by Aureobasidium pullulans Autolyzed Biomass Preparation and Its Detoxification Properties in Cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast.

Different preventive strategies are needed to minimize the intake risks of mycotoxins, including zearalenone (ZEN). The aim of this study was to determine the ZEN adsorption ability of an autolyzed biomass preparation of polymorphic yeast Aureobasidium pullulans A.p.-3. The evaluation of the antitoxic properties of the preparation was also performed in relation to Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast (ATCC 2366, ATCC 7090 and ATCC 9763) used as a model cell exposed to a toxic ZEN dose. The preparation at a dose of 5 mg/mL showed the adsorption of ZEN present in model systems at concentrations between 1 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL. The highest degree of adsorption was established for ZEN concentrations of 1 μg/mL and 5 μg/mL, becoming limited at higher doses of the toxin. Based on the Langmuir model of adsorption isotherms, the predicted maximum ZEN adsorption was approx. 190 µg/mL, regardless of pH. The growth of three strains of S. cerevisiae yeast cells in the medium with ZEN at concentrations within the range of 1.56 μg/mL-100 μg/mL was analyzed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. The growth of all tested strains was especially limited by high doses of ZEN, i.e., 50 and 100 μg/mL. The protective effect of the tested preparation was noted in relation to yeast cells exposed to toxic 100 μg/mL ZEN doses. The highest yeast cell growth (app. 36% percentage) was noted for a S. cerevisiae ATCC 9763 strain compared to the medium with ZEN but without preparation. More detailed tests determining the antitoxic mechanisms of the A. pullulans preparation are planned in the future, including cell culture bioassays and animal digestive tract models.

Enhancing Pullulan Production in Aureobasidium pullulans through UV Mutagenesis Breeding and High-Throughput Screening System

This study addresses the production enhancement of pullulan, an extracellular polysaccharide with various applications. Pullulan is primarily produced by Aureobasidium pullulans (A. pullulans), and genetic modification is commonly used to increase its yield. However, there is a need for a more efficient and safer method. To achieve this, we designed a high-throughput screening system utilizing a unique fluorescent protein specific to pullulan. Ultraviolet (UV) mutagenesis was applied to create a pool of mutant strains, and flow cytometry allowed for single-cell screening. Our approach yielded strain M1-B3, which exhibited a substantial increase in pullulan production from 26.5 g/L to 76.88 g/L. Additionally, the molecular weight of the produced pullulan significantly increased, expanding its potential commercial application. This study demonstrates an efficient and safe method to enhance pullulan production in A. pullulans. The UV mutagenesis and flow cytometry based on screening not only increased yield but also improved pullulan’s molecular weight. The adaptability of this method to other polysaccharides and its potential for genomic analysis and broader applications make it a valuable tool in bioproduction.

Streptomyces spp. Strains as Potential Biological Control Agents against Verticillium Wilt of Olive.

Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO) caused by Verticillium dahliae is considered a major olive (Olea europaea) disease in Mediterranean-type climate regions. The lack of effective chemical products against VWO makes it necessary to search for alternatives such as biological control. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of six Streptomyces spp. strains as biological control agents (BCAs) against VWO. All of them were molecularly characterized by sequencing 16S or 23S rRNA genes and via phylogenetic analysis. Their effect was evaluated in vitro on the mycelial growth of V. dahliae (isolates V004 and V323) and on microsclerotia (MS) viability using naturally infested soils. Bioassays in olive plants inoculated with V. dahliae were also conducted to evaluate their effect against disease progress. In all the experiments, the reference BCAs Fusarium oxysporum FO12 and Aureobasidium pullulans AP08 were included for comparative purposes. The six strains were identified as Streptomyces spp., and they were considered as potential new species. All the BCAs, including Streptomyces strains, showed a significant effect on mycelial growth inhibition for both V. dahliae isolates compared to the positive control, with FO12 being the most effective, followed by AP08, while the Streptomyces spp. strains showed an intermediate effect. All the BCAs tested also showed a significant effect on the inhibition of germination of V. dahliae MS compared to the untreated control, with FO12 being the most effective treatment. Irrigation treatments with Streptomyces strain CBQ-EBa-21 or FO12 were significantly more effective in reducing disease severity and disease progress in olive plants inoculated with V. dahliae compared to the remaining treatments. This study represents the first approach to elucidating the potential effect of Streptomyces strains against VWO.

Experimental modeling and optimization of pullulan production by Aureobasidium pullulans AZ-6

The objective of this study was to optimize the fermentation parameters by using response surface methodology for increasing pullulan production of Aureobasidium pullulans AZ-6 in synthetic fermentation medium. The optimum conditions were determined as follows: the initial sucrose concentration (X1): 100 g/L; the initial peptone concentration (X2): 11.31 g/L; the initial pH (X3): 6.48; and the temperature (X4): 24.2 °C. In the optimum conditions, the maximum exopolysaccharide (EPS) concentration (Y1), the maximum pullulan concentration (Y2), the specific growth rate (Y3), the maximum specific pullulan formation rate (Y4), and the pullulan yield (Y5) were expected to be obtained as 37.078 and 35.372 g/L, 0.062 h−1, 0.021 [g pullulan/(g mo.h)], and 53.681%, respectively. The observed values of Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, and Y5 were 36.950 g/L, 35.470 g/L, 0.064 h−1, 0.036 [g pullulan/(g mo.sa)], and 54.480%, respectively, as a result of validation experiments. EPS samples were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope analyses. The optimization process caused more than a 50% increase in EPS and pullulan concentrations. This study showed that the color-variant A. pullulans AZ-6 strain could become a significant industrial strain if it is explored further in the future to produce pullulan on a larger scale.

Transcriptomic Insights into Abies koreana Drought Tolerance Conferred by Aureobasidium pullulans AK10.

The conservation of the endangered Korean fir, Abies koreana, is of critical ecological importance. In our previous study, a yeast-like fungus identified as Aureobasidium pullulans AK10, was isolated and shown to enhance drought tolerance in A. koreana seedlings. In this study, the effectiveness of Au. pullulans AK10 treatment in enhancing drought tolerance in A. koreana was confirmed. Furthermore, using transcriptome analysis, we compared A. koreana seedlings treated with Au. pullulans AK10 to untreated controls under drought conditions to elucidate the molecular responses involved in increased drought tolerance. Our findings revealed a predominance of downregulated genes in the treated seedlings, suggesting a strategic reallocation of resources to enhance stress defense. Further exploration of enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways and protein-protein interaction networks revealed significant alterations in functional systems known to fortify drought tolerance, including the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, calcium signaling pathway, pyruvate metabolism, brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and, crucially, flavonoid biosynthesis, renowned for enhancing plant drought resistance. These findings deepen our comprehension of how AK10 biostimulation enhances the resilience of A. koreana to drought stress, marking a substantial advancement in the effort to conserve this endangered tree species through environmentally sustainable treatment.

Three new griseofulvin derivatives from Aureobasidium pullulans

Three new griseofulvin derivatives, griseofulvinoside A-C (1-3), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the solid fermentation product of Aureobasidium pullulans. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data analysis of MS, 1D and 2D NMR. The antifungal activities of new compounds were evaluated against four phytopathogenic fungi in vitro, and all test compounds demonstrated inhibitory effects. Among them, compound 2 exhibited the most potent activities against the four selected phytopathogenic fungi with inhibitory rates ranging from 40.2 to 75.8% at 0.2 mg/mL.

Exploring the diversityof uncommon oral yeast species andassociated risk factorsamong substance abusers insouthwestern Iran.

Yeast species are a group of coexistent microorganisms in the oral cavity that can cause opportunistic infections in vulnerable individuals, including addicts. This study aimed to identify the yeast species profile responsible for oral yeast colonization (OYC) and the associated risk factors in patients with substance use disorder (SUD) in Ahvaz, Iran. Oral samples were collected from drug users hospitalized in 12 addiction treatment centers, and the related clinical information was mined. Oral yeast species were identified using 21-plex PCR and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2). A total of 244 yeast strains were identified from 245 individuals with substance abuse. Candida albicans was the most common species (37.7%) and non-albicans Candida was responsible for 57.7% of OYC, primarily C. dubliniensis (33.2%) and C. glabrata (11.9%). Moreover, uncommon oral yeasts constituted 5.3% of species, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Clavispora lusitaniae, Pichia kluyveri, Geotrichum candidum, Magnusiomyces capitatus, Hanseniospora opuntiae, Wickerhamomyces subpelliculosus, Trichosporon asahii, and Aureobasidium pullulans. Importantly, OYC exhibited associations with such factors as duration of drug use, daily drug consumption rate, opioid utilization, oral drug administration, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) score. The present study is the pioneering investigation revealing the prevalence and diversity of oral yeast species, along with associated risk factors, in individuals with SUD in southwestern Iran. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of developing efficient and cost-effective diagnostic methods tailored for resource-constrained settings.

Renal Phaeohyphomycosis: Aureobasidium Pullulans Infection Caused by Instrument Inoculation in a Healthy Patient - A Case Report

Introduction: Aureobasidium pullulans, ablack yeast-like dematiaceous fungus. Most ofthese infections commonly affect the immunocompromised patients; however, post-instrument inoculation was extremely rare. This is the first report of renal phaeohyphomycosis by A. pullulans after stone surgeries reported worldwide, despite a thorough literature review. Case Report: A 29-year-old immunocompetent native lady, with underlying bilateral grade II renal parenchymal disease, was referred for right staghorn calculi and big left ureteric stone with bilateral hydronephrosis back in 2016. She underwent right percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) and left ureteroscopic surgery (URS). Intra-operatively, 90% stone clearance for the right kidney and complete stone clearance was achieved over the left ureteric stone. Blood investigation showed Urea was 8.1 and Creatinine was 200 respectively. There was no growth in Urine C+S sent intraoperatively. Post-operatively, she did a DTPA scan which showed moderate impaired right kidney function (28ml/min-69%) with a non-functioning left kidney (13ml/min-13%). Her condition and renal function had been closely monitored during follow-up in the urology clinic. During follow-up, computed tomography urography (CTU) reassessment in 2018 showed residual right renal stones and resolved left hydronephrosis. Subsequently, she underwent right retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and ureteric stenting. Intraoperatively, complete stone clearance for the right upper and middle pole; there were a few blackish tubular foreign bodies seen at the right lower pole which were extracted and sent for investigations. Interestingly, the histopathology (HPE) reported as blood clots while the fungal PCR done by the Institute for Medical Research (IMR) showed Aureobasidium pullulans DNA detected. Post-operatively, she completed a one-month course of anti-fungal antibiotic and was discharged home well. Subsequent urine culture was cleared and CTU assessment showed no evidence of stone recurrence or foreign bodies. Discussion and Conclusion: Renal phaeohyphomycosis caused by Aureobadium pollulans secondary to post-instrument inoculation is first reported worldwide in an immunocompetent native lady.

Biological Control Mechanisms of Non‐Saccharomyces Yeasts against Filamentous Fungal Pathogens within Rosaceae Family

Pathogenic fungi can cause significant annual losses in the quality and quantity of fruits belonging to Rosaceae family during pre‐ and postharvest. Synthetic fungicides are considered the main method for controlling diseases in food crops; however, they pose a great risk to human health and to the environment. As a result, biological control methods, which are based on living microorganisms to reduce the population or to inhibit the growth of pathogens, have arisen as a safe alternative. In this review, we highlight the principal mechanisms (e.g., nutrition and space competition, mycoparasitism, induced resistance and growth enhancement, production of volatile organic compounds, and antibiosis) utilized by the most frequently reported non‐Saccharomyces biocontrol agents (BCAs) yeasts: Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Pichia membranifaciens, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Hanseniaspora uvarum, and Aureobasidium pullulans, against the common pathogenic fungi found within Rosaceae family: Penicillium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, and Monilinia spp. Understanding BCAs’ importance and mode of action is a necessary step in order to reduce the detrimental effect of spoilage fungi in the agriculture and food industry, by achieving a more sustainable and safer control of them.

Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs) on Tuber Storage of Two Potato Varieties

El-Allaoui N., A. Douira, A. Benbouazza, M. Ferrahi, E. Achbani and K. Habbadi. 2024. Effect of Plant GrowthPromoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs) on Tuber Storage of Two Potato Varieties. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 42(2): 229-233. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-001242 The potato (Solanaceae family) is a cultivated plant primarily valued for its tubers, which serve as a crucial food source for numerous populations worldwide. Losses due to postharvest diseases are significantly high and need to be reduced. To preserve tuber quality without relying on chemical treatments, the application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has been employed as a means to extend the shelf life of potato tubers. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of eight PGPRs on the conservation of two potato varieties Siena and Bellini. This was carried out in two trials; in the first trial, thirty potatoes of the Siena variety were treated with PGPRs and covered with wheat straw, and in the second trial, 160 potatoes each of the two varieties Siena and Bellini were treated with PGPRs but covered with wheat straw and black plastic. Results obtained indicated that several PGPR strains performed favorably, the most promising of which was the Aureobasidium pullulans (Ach1.1) strain that kept 50% of the treated potatoes healthy for one month in the first trial, and 30% for six months in the second trial, as compared to the negative control where 100% of the potatoes showed signs of rot in both trials. It can be concluded from this study that the Ach1.1 strain of Aureobasidium pullulans could be a promising post-harvest bio-control treatment. Keywords: PGPRs, conservation, post-harvest, potato, rot

Effects of bioformulation prototype and bioactive extracts from Agaricus bisporus spent mushroom substrate on controlling Rhizoctonia solani of Lactuca sativa L.

Food security and waste management represent the main challenges that need to be addressed in the near future. The use of bioformulations and bioactive compounds obtained from agricultural wastes could represent some of the solutions for the management of soil-borne pathogens. In the present study, Aureobasidium pullulans strain AP1, tested in oil dispersion (OD) formulation prototype and bio-extracts [hot water extract (HWE) and warm water extract (WWE)] derived from spent mushroom substrate (SMS) of Agaricus bisporus, was tested as sustainable strategies to manage Rhizoctonia solani of lettuce. By in vitro assays, AP1OD at 600 mg L-1 displayed an inhibition by 57% of pathogen mycelial growth, and the SMS extract WWE (40°C) showed a growth stimulation of lettuce seedling by 27%. By In vivo assays, AP1OD formulation used against R. solani reduced by 66.6% the soil-borne pathogen incidence on lettuce plants, and both bio-extracts significantly stimulated lettuce leaves and roots growth (>200%). AP1OD formulation and HWE treatments increased the lettuce genes expression levels (ggps and hppd pdx1) mainly imputed to plant antioxidant potential, vitamin E, and vitamin B6 biosynthesis. The present study reported the potential of a new formulation and two bio-extracts, derived from an agricultural waste, to use against R. solani of lettuce, respectively, with antifungal and biostimulant properties.

Sophy β-Glucan from the Black Yeast Aureobasidium pullulans Attenuates Salmonella-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Injury in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers via Exerting Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties.

The zoonotic pathogens Salmonella spp. infection disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier function and induced local gastroenteritis and systemic inflammation in humans and animals. Sophy β-glucan, a water-soluble β-1,3/1,6-glucan synthesized from the black yeast Aureobasidium pullulans, was reported with immune-regulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-infective properties. Here, we investigated the protective role of sophy β-glucan on Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (SE)-challenged Caco-2 cells monolayer and explored underlying action mechanisms. The results showed that pretreatment with sophy β-glucan blocked the adhesion and invasion of SE onto Caco-2 cells along with alleviating SE-induced epithelial barrier injury, as evidenced by increased trans-epithelial electrical resistance, decreased fluorescently-labeled dextran 4 flux permeability, and an enhanced Claudin-4 protein level in the SE-stimulated Caco-2 cell monolayer. Moreover, treatment with β-glucan down-regulated pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α) while up-regulating anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 at mRNA and protein levels in SE-infected Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, sophy β-glucan strengthened the anti-oxidative capacity of Caco-2 monolayers cells by elevating T-AOC and SOD activity and inhibiting MDA production defending SE. Together, our data showed that sophy β-glucan could prevent intestinal epithelial injury induced by SE, possibly by exerting anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and it might be helpful for controlling SE infection.

Efficient polymalic acid production from corn straw hydrolysate by detoxification of phenolic inhibitors.

Inhibitory compounds generated from lignocellulose pretreatment would inhibit Poly (malic acid) (PMA) production by Aureobasidium pullulans, but the tolerance mechanism of A. pullulans to lignocellulosic inhibitor is poorly understood. In this study, the cellular response of A. pullulans to lignocellulosic inhibitor stress was studied. Among the three groups of inhibitors (furans, weak acids and phenolic aldehydes), phenolic aldehyde was the dominant inhibitor for PMA production. Phenolic aldehyde was mainly converted into phenolic alcohol by A. pullulans, and phenolic alcohol also exhibited severe inhibition on PMA production. Furthermore, the effect of detoxification methods on inhibitor-removal and PMA fermentation was investigated, both CaCO3 and overliming presented poor detoxification effect, whereas resin H103 could remove both furan derivatives and phenolic compounds efficiently, thereby producing 26.27g/L of PMA with a yield of 0.30g/g in batch fermentation. This study will be beneficial for the development of PMA production from lignocellulosic biomass.

Assessment of the Impacts of Plant Growth-Promoting Micro-Organisms on Potato Farming in Different Climatic Conditions in Morocco

Environmental concerns are gradually reducing the global yield capacity of agricultural systems, with climate change representing the most significant challenge. Globally, Potatoes are the most essential non-cereal crop. Therefore, understanding the potential impacts of climate change on potato production is crucial for maintaining future global food security. This study aims to explore the roles played by PGPMs in two distinct regions, which are characterized by different climatic conditions, to assess their influence on two potato varieties, namely Siena and Bellini. Inoculation with these strains, particularly the Aureobasidium pullulans strains Ach1-1 and Ach1-2, resulted in significant improvements in growth and yield. In 2018, impressive yields of 194.1 kg/0.05 ha and 186.6 kg/0.05 ha were recorded for the two strains, with the Ain Taoujdate site achieving yields of 157.1 kg/0.05 ha and 151.1 kg/0.05 ha for each of the two strains. Additionally, further observations revealed that the Siena variety is more susceptible to rot than the Bellini variety. However, Ach1-1 and Ach1-2 strains had a significant effect on this rot, showcasing their potential to mitigate this negative issue in the Bellini variety. These promising results underscore the potential of PGPMs to enhance potato production in the Fez–Meknes region of Morocco, contributing to global food security amid climate change.

Draft Genome Sequence of Aureobasidium pullulans Strain MHAU2101, a Biological Control Agent against Fire Blight from Korea

Draft Genome Sequence of <i>Aureobasidium pullulans</i> Strain MHAU2101, a Biological Control Agent against Fire Blight from Korea