Tooth Attrition Research Articles

EFFECTIVENESS OF PROSTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH INCREASED DENTAL ATTRITION ON THE BASIS OF FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSTIC

Aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of prosthodontic methods of treatment based of functional diagnostic of patients with increased dental attrition Methods. We have examined 35 patients at the Smolensk State Medical University Hospital: 20 patients with increased dental attrition and 15 patients who didn’t have any sign of functional disorders of dentoalveolar and musculoskeletal system. The main group was divided into two subgroups. In the group 1 (11 patients) required a prosthodontic therapy included individual wax-up of future prosthetic construction based on data of functional diagnostic. An electromyographic study was conducted before and one month after treatment for determination of the effectiveness of treatment methods. Results. Analyzing and comparing the data of the electromyographic study 1 month before and after treatment of patients of the 1 group have shown 93,1 % effectiveness of the treatment and the control group. The results of the study show that such occlusion is optimal for the muscles and temporomandibular joint. Conclusion. Dental treatment of increased attrition of teeth based on functional diagnostic contributes to the normalization of muscles activity. Moreover it allows to protect teeth from attrition and providing effective rehabilitation of patients.

Use of Occlusal Splints in Patients with Deep Bite and Bruxism

The occlusal splints are most commonly used devices for the treatment of temporomandibular disorders and bruxism. A case report of a male patient with deep bite and bruxism, indicating two flat occlusal splints presents full coverage made up of rigid acrylic and permanent use for five months is described. Using both intraoral devices allowed restoring lost vertical dimension and protect teeth attrition, deprogram the musculature and establish a new mandibular positioning prior to treatment of oral rehabilitation.

ASPECTS OF DIAGNOSTIC ACTIVITIES IN PATIENTS WITH DYSFUNCTION OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINTS AND SIGNS OF BRUXISM

Aim. The research was conducted to develop and implement the complex of diagnostic activities in patients with dysfunction of temporomandibular joints with signs of bruxism.Materials and methods. To achieve this aim we conducted a comprehensive diagnosis of 61 patients aged 20-29 years with bruxism and temporomandibular joints dysfunction (TMJD), the patients were divided into two groups. To diagnose and analyze the results of the disease treatment in patients we used a computer analysis with visualization of changes of the osteoarticular surface and parameters of the joint gap in the TMJ. Depending on the ratio of prognostic risk criteria and the development of bruxism, we distinguished the area of low, medium and high level of risk of disease progression.Results. Comparison of the treatment results of patients with bruxism from two groups in 12-24 months showed that patients from the second group had good treatment results. Patients of the second group underwent a complex of diagnostic activities and its data increased the treatment effectiveness. The results obtained from the treatment of patients from the first group indicate the lack of data from the standard examination of patients with bruxism.Conclusion. The developed complex diagnostic activities in patients with bruxism in combination with dysfunction of the TMJ and occlusive attrition of teeth allow to assess not only the local status but also to determine the functional state of dentoalveolar system and the cerebral cortex which affects the amount of therapeutic activities in the patient.

Effects of climate on dental mesowear of extant koalas and two broadly distributed kangaroos throughout their geographic range.

Dental mesowear analysis can classify the diets of extant herbivores into general categories such as grazers, mixed-feeders, and browsers by using the gross wear patterns found on individual teeth. This wear presumably results from both abrasion (food-on-tooth wear) and attrition (tooth-on-tooth wear) of individual teeth. Mesowear analyses on extinct ungulates have helped generate hypotheses regarding the dietary ecology of mammals across space and time, and recent developments have expanded the use of dental mesowear analysis to herbivorous marsupial taxa including kangaroos, wombats, possums, koalas, and relatives. However, the diet of some of the most ubiquitous kangaroos (e.g., Macropus giganteus) along with numerous other species cannot be successfully classified by dental mesowear analysis. Further, it is not well understood whether climate variables (including precipitation, relative humidity, and temperature) are correlated with dental mesowear variables including various measures of shape and relief. Here, we examine the relationship between dental mesowear variables (including traditional methods scoring the sharpest cusp and a new potential assessment of multiple cusps) and climate variables in the grazers/mixed feeders Macropus giganteus and Macropus fuliginosus, and the obligate browser Phascolarctos cinereus. We find that dental mesowear of mandibular teeth is capable of differentiating the dietary habits of koalas and the kangaroo species. Furthermore, both Macropus giganteus and Phascolarctos cinereus exhibit mesowear correlated with mean minimum temperature, while Macropus fuliginosus dental mesowear is unaffected by temperature, despite significant differences in mean minimum and mean maximum temperature across their distribution (and in the specimens examined here). Contrary to expectations that individuals from drier regions would have blunter and lower relief teeth, dental mesowear is unrelated to proxies of relative aridity—including mean annual precipitation and relative humidity. Collectively, dental mesowear in these marsupials is related to feeding behavior with increased wear in cooler regions (in Macropus giganteus and Phascolarctos cinereus) potentially related to more or different food resources consumed.

A Review on Translucent Zirconia.

Zirconia is suggested in many clinical situations due to acceptable biocompatibility, lower price compared with gold restorations, and better appearance than traditional metal ceramic restorations. New translucent monolithic zirconia has been developed to merge strength with improved tooth-colour matching. This work aims to review relevant articles on new translucent zirconia restorative materials. The published articles on translucent zirconia were searched through PubMed, Medline, Google scholar, and indexed journals using the following keywords: translucent zirconia, transparent zirconia, and tooth colored zirconia. The most relevant articles were selected and reviewed. Introduction of translucent zirconia, has brought the advantages such as less tooth preparation, biological compatibility, high strength, good mechanical properties, and less antagonist wear. However, the effects of altering material constituents to increase translucency on properties such as phase transformation and low temperature degradation may warrant further investigations. Translucent zirconia can be prescribed in many clinical situations and may provide less complicated procedures compared with the production of multilayer restorations of opaque zirconia cores and translucent feldspathic veneers. This may otherwise decrease fabrication time and defects, improve biological properties, reduce abutment tooth reduction, and result in less antagonist tooth attrition.

RELIABILITY OF DETERMINING STONE MARTEN'S (MARTES FOINA) AGE BY TWO DIFFERENT SKULL FEATURES

Based on skulls from Central Bulgaria, the possibilities of aging stone martens were considered and compared. Two different skull morphological criteria methods were compared to more precise method – counting of annuli in dentin. Precise aging of stone martens was only possible by counting of annuli in dentin. It is not recommended using methods by development of sagittal crest and maxillary teeth attrition separately for aging stone martens. A combination of several methods is considered to be reliable.

BIOMETRIC METHOD OF AGE ESTIMATION: DEVELOPMENT AND EFFICIENCY, IN CASES OF PATHOLOGIES OF TEETH HARD TISSUES

Background. The physiological changes of tooth are the criteria used in evaluation of regressive formula by Kvaal et al. age estimation technique. But in cases of abnormal occlusion, abnormal chewing habits, bruxism, abrasive factors or structural defects of teeth the intensity of tooth aging accelerates.Objective. The aim of the research was to define the options of age estimation according to dental state of individuals with pathological attrition.Methods. 108 panoramic x-ray photos of patients with pathological attrition of teeth were chosen by a randomized selection (49 males and 59 females). All photos were made by means of Planmeca PROMAX orthopantomograph. Nine measurements were made for each tooth: the tooth length, pulp length, root length, root width and pulp width at three different levels: cement-enamel junction (level A, beginning of root), one-quarter of root length from a cement-enamel junction (level B), and mid-root (level C). Due to these measurements, a number of ratios were calculated in accordance with Kvaal et al. method.Results. The errors that reached 27±8.4 years were found when evaluating the dental age using primary coefficients of equations suggested by the authors of the method used. By means of mathematical analyses, principal component regression method as well, the correlation coefficient of Pearson and method of combining linear regression due to the tooth changes in cases of pathological attrition (lowering level of occlusal surface, dystrophy of pulp structures and deposition of tertiary reparative dentine) by regression analysis, the modified formulas for age estimation using radiographic technique were found. Modified coefficients decreased the error to 13±0.8 years, which was relative to the real age upto nearly 42-48% compared to the primary coefficients of equations for pathological attrition.Conclusions. Age estimation technique can be improved taking into account morphological changes in pathological attrition and the calculated coefficients make it possible to expand the circle of person’s age which needs to be found.

Diagnoses and Treatment of Dental Disorders in a Research Colony of Macaca fascicularis: A Case Series.

During daily routine oral examinations in a research colony of nonhuman primates (NHPs, Macaca fascicularis), a variety of oral-dental lesions were identified. A dental care program was established based on these findings. Based on the presence of dental clinical signs and their severity, 31 animals were triaged to be examined and treated by a veterinarian. Clinical examination consisted of visual inspection using a periodontal probe/explorer and full or partial mouth dental radiographs. Treatment was performed during the same procedure. Some animals had a follow-up examination including radiographs months later. Four common dental diseases were diagnosed: periodontal disease, caries, tooth fracture, and tooth attrition. Less frequent were dental abscess, enamel hypomineralization, gingival hyperplasia, hypercementosis, tooth luxation, tooth dysplasia, root resorption, abrasion. Less severe periodontal disease was treated conservatively. If severely affected, teeth were extracted. Well-circumscribed caries without endodontic involvement were treated by composite restoration. Teeth with extensive caries and pulp involvement were extracted. Teeth with exposed pulp were treated via extraction or orthograde root canal treatment. In this case series, 27 (87%) of 31 NHPs exhibited at least 1 moderate to severe dental lesion that required treatment. The presumable improvement in welfare and weight of oral/dental lesions for the overall health status in research NHPs encourages us to continue this program prospectively.

Dental evidence for wild tuber processing among Titicaca Basin foragers 7000 ybp.

The objective of this work is to characterize dental wear in a skeletal sample dating to the Middle/Late Archaic period transition (8,000-6,700 cal. B.P.) from the Lake Titicaca Basin, Peru to better define subsistence behaviors of foragers prior to incipient sedentism and food production. The dental sample consists of 251 teeth from 11 individuals recovered from the site of Soro Mik'aya Patjxa (SMP), the earliest securely dated burial assemblage in the Lake Titicaca Basin and the only burial assemblage in the region from an unequivocal forager context. Occlusal surface wear was quantified according to Smith (1984) and Scott (1979a) to characterize diversity within the site and to facilitate comparison with other foraging groups worldwide. General linear modeling was used to assess observation error and principal axis analysis was used to compare molar wear rates and angles. Teeth were also examined for caries and specialized wear. Occlusal surface attrition is generally heavy across the dental arcade and tends to be flat among posterior teeth. Only one carious lesion was observed. Five of the 11 individuals exhibit lingual surface attrition of the maxillary anterior teeth (LSAMAT). Tooth wear rates, molar wear plane, and caries rates are consistent with terrestrial foraging and a diverse diet. The presence of LSAMAT indicates tuber processing. The results therefore contribute critical new data toward our understanding of forager diet in the Altiplano prior to plant and animal domestication in the south-central Andes.

Full mouth occlusal rehabilitation; by Pankey Mann Schuyler philosophy

Most of the cases with severe attrition of teeth need full mouth occlusal rehabilitation. There are many philosophies to follow for an occlusal rehabilitation, most important among them is Hobo's philosophy and Pankey Mann Schuyler philosophy. Pankey Mann Schuyler philosophy is a simple, organized procedure to follow for the full mouth rehabilitation cases. This article describes a case of full mouth occlusal rehabilitation of a 59 years old male patient who reported with pain over left TMJ region and oral examination revealed severe attrition on lower anterior teeth. The treatment followed Pankey Mann Schuyler philosophy and the occlusal analysis done using Broadrick flag. Keywords: Full Mouth Occlusal Rehabilitation, Anterior Guidance, Broadrick Flag, Pankey Mann Schuyler Philosophy

Rehabilitation of the worn dentition: Are there alternative approaches to the traditional one?

Tooth wear has for long received much attention in an anthropological context. In contrast, the dental literature had afforded it less attention until about the mid-1990s, when reports began appearing about the very high prevalence, in children and in adolescents, of wear, due in the main to dental erosion. These findings appear to have triggered a strong interest in the subject, and over the past 10 years approximately 1500 publications have appeared in the PubMed database using the search terms tooth erosion or tooth abrasion or tooth attrition. This represents a 50% increase over the preceding decade, in research covering the various areas of the field. This presentation will briefly highlight some of the key areas of current interest, including topics such as mechanisms of wear, diagnosis, effects arising from systemic diseases – but in the main the focus will be on the different aspects of the management of the worn dentition. From the traditional invasive approach to managing wear, treatment nowadays is increasingly aimed at correcting or improving the effects of wear by a minimally-invasive nature. Therapeutic approaches, including novel ones arising from the rapid developments in dental materials science will be reviewed. The need for more clinical trials on these newer approaches will be stressed.

КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА КАЧЕСТВА ПРЯМЫХ РЕСТАВРАЦИЙ ПРИ НАЧАЛЬНОЙ СТАДИИ ПОВЫШЕННОЙ СТИРАЕМОСТИ ЗУБОВ

The comparison of quality of restoration of posterior teeth with initial stage of teeth attrition has been evaluated. The research showed that the best quality of restoration with early stage of tooth attrition was showed by indirect restorations by means CEREC as group of comparison. However using of the thermoplastificized composite materials (with increased conversion) for restoration of defects with early stage of tooth attrition increases safety of the restorations during the observation according to clinical criteria for evaluation of filling`squality, electrometric indicators and satisfaction of patients. Restoration with thermoplastificized composite materials increases quality of sealing by 1,6 times in comparison with a traditional technique, allows to reduce risk of complications, to stabilize a clinical state and satisfaction of patients with restoration for 2 years of observation.

Association between patterns of jaw motor activity during sleep and clinical signs and symptoms of sleep bruxism.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between patterns of jaw motor activity during sleep and clinical signs and symptoms of sleep bruxism. A total of 35 university students and staff members participated in this study after providing informed consent. All participants were divided into either a sleep bruxism group (n=21) or a control group (n=14), based on the following clinical diagnostic criteria: (1) reports of tooth-grinding sounds for at least two nights a week during the preceding 6months by their sleep partner; (2) presence of tooth attrition with exposed dentin; (3) reports of morning masticatory muscle fatigue or tenderness; and (4) presence of masseter muscle hypertrophy. Video-polysomnography was performed in the sleep laboratory for two nights. Sleep bruxism episodes were measured using masseter electromyography, visually inspected and then categorized into phasic or tonic episodes. Phasic episodes were categorized further into episodes with or without grinding sounds as evaluated by audio signals. Sleep bruxism subjects with reported grinding sounds had a significantly higher total number of phasic episodes with grinding sounds than subjects without reported grinding sounds or controls (Kruskal-Wallis/Steel-Dwass tests; P<0.05). Similarly, sleep bruxism subjects with tooth attrition exhibited significantly longer phasic burst durations than those without or controls (Kruskal-Wallis/Steel-Dwass tests; P<0.05). Furthermore, sleep bruxism subjects with morning masticatory muscle fatigue or tenderness exhibited significantly longer tonic burst durations than those without or controls (Kruskal-Wallis/Steel-Dwass tests; P<0.05). These results suggest that each clinical sign and symptom of sleep bruxism represents different aspects of jaw motor activity during sleep.

Generation of neural cells using iPSCs from sleep bruxism patients with 5-HT2A polymorphism

PurposeSleep bruxism (SB) is classified as a sleep-related movement disorder characterized by grinding and clenching of the teeth during sleep, which is responsible for a variety of clinical problems such as abnormal tooth attrition and fracture of teeth or roots. Little is known about the etiology of SB. Our previous study identified a genomic association of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs6313 C>T, with SB, where the C allele carrier is associated with a 4.25-fold increased risk of SB. Based on this finding, the aim of this study was to generate of neural cells using SB patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). MethodsTwo SB patients with C/C genotype of rs6313 and two controls with T/T genotype were screened by laboratory-based polysomnographic recordings and the TaqMan genotyping assay. Four lines of iPSCs, two from SB patients and two from controls, were established from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by introduction of reprogramming factors. We performed quality control assays on iPSCs using expression of markers for undifferentiated pluripotent cells, immunostaining for pluripotency markers, a three-germ layer assay, and karyotype analysis. The established iPSCs were differentiated into neurons using the neurosphere culture system. 5-HT2A gene expression in these neurons was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. ResultsPatient-specific iPSCs were successfully differentiated into neurons expressing 5-HT2A. ConclusionsThis report is the first successful generation of neural cells using iPSCs from sleep bruxism patients with 5-HT2A polymorphism, which has the potential to elucidate the etiology and underlying mechanism of SB.

The first finding of a rhinoceros of the Genus Stephanorhinus in Arctic Asia.

The first skull of a rhinoceros of the genus Stephanorhinus has been found above the Arctic Circle on the middle Chondon River (Yakutia, Russia). This is the northernmost finding that extends significantly the genus range and provides additional information about the diet and environment of a genus representative. Plant remnants from the maxillary tooth cavities were identified as belonging to trees (Larix, Betula), shrubs (Ericaceae), mosses (Aulacomnium sp., Polytrichum sp.), herbs (Dicotyledones) and grasses (Poaceae), but not to sedges (Cyperaceae). The pattern of attrition of teeth and marks on the chewing surface enamel indicate diverse nourishment. Chondon rhinoceros lived in under Arctic-like climatic conditions, with rather limited food resources.

A multidisciplinary approach to restoration of severely worn dentition: a case report

Severe caries, attrition and developmental anomalies of anterior teeth lead to loss of anterior guidance. This in turn causes attrition of posterior teeth and loss of occlusal vertical dimension of occlusion . To gain the space for esthetic rehabilitation in these cases is challenging task. The required space can be achieved by crown lengthening and increasing the vertical dimension of occlusion within physiologic limits..We, hereby have presented a case report showing the treatment procedure of a patient with severely worn dentition in a simple and systematic multidisciplinary approach to improve the function as well as aesthetics , that also remains in harmony with the entire gnathostomatic system.

Full Mouth Reconstruction of a Patient with Worn Dentition: A Clinical Report

The attrition of anterior teeth leads to the loss of efficient anterior guidance, which protects posterior teeth from wear during lateral excursions. This clinical report describes a 48-year-old man with diagonal tooth wear and posterior mandibular tooth loss. The clinical diagnosis was based on a complete oral examination, photos, functional analysis of lateral excursion movements, general health condition and behavioral aspects such as diet and bruxism. A mandibular partial overlay denture was used to reestablish the occlusal plane after the decision of restoring the vertical dimension of occlusion (OVD) by anatomical landmarks and physiological measurements. Once the compatibility of new OVD was approved and accepted, and followed for six months, fixed implant and tooth supported restorations were fabricated.A satisfactory clinical result was achieved by restoring OVD by 7 mm and avoiding advanced periodontal crown lengthening. Successful full mouth rehabilitation for a severely worn dentition can be achieved through good clinical management with long-term success to improve the quality of life.

The prevalence of bruxism among students in the Faculty of Dentistry - Aden University

The phenomenon of bruxism affects millions of people throughout the world. Tooth grinding is an activity particularly important to the dentist because of breakage of dental restorations, tooth damage, induction of temporal headache and tempromandibular disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bruxism among the college students and associated factors. The study was carried out in the Department of Prosthodontic, College of Dentistry University of Aden between the period 2009-2010. Clinical record of 177 healthy students were included in a study sample, they are divided into four groups according to the education levels (from second to fifth year), 15 of them were suffering from bruxism in association to 4 major and 3 minor sign and symptom, analyzed by using statistical tools (SPSS V.15). The prevalence of bruxism among dental student was 15 cases represented by 8.4% of all cases. The prevalence rate of muscle's pain was in the lateral pterygoid muscle 100%, Medial pterygoid muscle pain, Masseter m. and Trapezium m. pain represented with 40% of the cases and the lowest percentages in temporal m. and Sternomastoid m. pain 20%. According to sign on hard tissues teeth attrition represented the high percentage with 93.3%, followed by malocclusion with 73.3%, then the restorated teeth with 60% and the tooth sensitivity and mobility with 53.3% and 26.7% respectively then the bone exostosis with 6.7%. According to sign on soft tissues the gingival inflammation represented the high percentage of cases with 93.3%, followed by gingival recession with 80% of the cases, then the tongue dentition with 73.3% and 46.7% of cases with pocket. Prevalence rate of cases of TMJ respondent by deviation of mandibule was 93.3%, followed by 80% of the cases with pain at TMJ, then 66.7% with clicking, 47% with deflection of mandibule, 40% with opening limitation and 6.7% of cases with loss vertical dimension. The prevalence rate of bruxism associated with anxiety 80%, then patients under psychological treatment 40% and then the patients under antidepressiondruge26.7%. A large proportion of students with bruxism have potential psychological problems. Female gender, advanced educational levels and hostel residence as well as poor socioeconomic status are predisposing factors for pain severity in masticator muscles.

Морфоструктура, микрорельеф, качественный и количественный состав поверхности зубов при ранней стадии повышенной стираемости

&lt;p class="p1"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;Research by means of Raman spectrometry 30 teeth samples with pathological elements: early teeth attrition within the enamel, caries within the enamel, the intact enamel (control) was made. For caries average ratio of mineral/organic matrix is 0.31, and for fabrics with high abrasion – 0.64. With the development of caries decreased mineral content of the components (reduced phosphate line) and there are broad line of organic compounds, as well as increased uorescent background. All the investigated samples consist mainly of carbonate-apatite substituted by B-type, the maximum amount of which is characteristic of the intact enamel, minimum – for carious tissue; intermediate position occupied by the fabric with high abrasion. Carious tissue characterized highest content disordered phosphate – A-type substitution (carbonate ions replace hydroxyl ions) or presence of amorphous calcium phosphate. Comparison of qualitative and quantitative assessment of the composition of the mineral component of the pathology of hard tissues of teeth de nes a personalized approach to treatment and prevention of the progression of diseases of hard tissues of the teeth. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

A multidisciplinary approach to restoration of severely worn dentition: a case report

Severe caries, attrition and developemental anomalies of anterior teeth lead to loss of anterior guidance. This in turn causes attrition of posterior teeth and loss of occlusal vertical dimension of occlusion. To gain the space for esthetic rehabilitation in these cases is challenging task. The required space can be achieved by crown lengthening and increasing the vertical dimension of occlusion within physiologic limits. We hereby have presented a case report showing the treatment procedure of a patient with severly worn dentition in a simple and systematic multidisciplinary approach to improve the function as well as aesthetics, that also remains in harmony with the entire gnathostomatic system.