Asymmetric Motion Research Articles

Food price and Inflation Adjustments in Nigeria: Evidence from Threshold Cointegration

This paper investigates two stages of transmission through which inflation stabilization policy affects headline inflation by estimating a threshold cointegration model. The paper finds that asymmetric monetary shocks passing-through food prices exerts inflationary pressure on consumer prices, and is characterized by deep asymmetric movement, large degree of stickiness in adjusting downward, while exhibiting upward momentum in correcting food price fall. In addition, asymmetries were found in consumer price adjustment as food price shock transmits substantial inflationary pressure to consumer prices, while disinflationary effect originating from a fall in food price is inconsequential. The coefficients of adjustment were found to be robust in the sub-sample. This paper concludes that an unconventional monetary policy intervention that aims at stabilizing headline inflation by means of stimulating food supply could unavoidably inflate food prices more than it could deflate it especially if the elasticity of domestic food output to money supply growth is less compared to response of food price to money supply. Hence, caution must be taken on the size differential of output response to the net rise in money supply and price adjustment to the expansion in money supply.

Stationary and Transient Asymmetric Features in Tropical Cyclone Eye with Wavenumber-1 Instability: Case Study for Typhoon Haishen (2020) with Atmospheric Motion Vectors from 30-Second Imaging

Abstract Dynamics of low-level flows in the eye of Typhoon Haishen (2020) in its late phase of intensification are investigated with a special rapid-scan observation of the Himawari-8 geosynchronous satellite conducted every 30 s. This is accomplished by deriving storm-relative atmospheric motion vectors at an unprecedentedly high spatiotemporal resolution by tracking clouds across five consecutive visible-light reflectivity. The overall low-level circulation center was situated several kilometers away from the storm center defined in terms of the inner edge of the lower part of eyewall clouds. The shift direction is rearward of the storm translation, consistently with a numerical study of the tropical cyclone (TC) boundary layer. Over the analysis period of 10 h, azimuthal-mean tangential wind around this center was increased at each radius within the eye, and the rotational angular velocity was nearly homogenized. The instantaneous low-level circulation center is found to orbit around the overall circulation center at distances around 5 km. Its orbital angular speed was close to the maximum angular speed of azimuthal-mean tangential winds. This rotating transient disturbance is found to transport angular momentum inward, which explains the tangential wind increase and the angular velocity homogenization in the eye. These features are consistent with an algebraically growing wavenumber-1 barotropic instability, whose impact on TC structures has not been explored. This instability enhances wavenumber-1 asymmetry in ring-shaped vorticity, which can be induced by various processes such as translation, environmental shear, and exponential barotropic instability. Therefore, it may appear broadly in TCs to affect wind distribution in their eyes. Significance Statement Axially asymmetric transient features in the inner cores of tropical storms have been suggested to profoundly affect the structures and the time evolutions of tropical storms. However, the scarcity of observations has hindered studying such processes observationally. By using a specially conducted high-frequency satellite imaging of Typhoon Haishen (2020), we derived atmospheric motion vectors nearly homogeneously at an unprecedentedly high spatiotemporal resolution. Various kinds of asymmetric motions in low-level flows in the eye were found. Of particular interest is a special type of wavenumber-1 instability whose role has not drawn much attention; the instability was found to provide angular momentum transport consistent with the measured homogenization of the rotation.

Three-dimensional characteristics of temporomandibular joint morphology and condylar movement in patients with mandibular asymmetry

BackgroundInvestigating the morphological and functional effects on mandibular asymmetry (MA) is important not only to understand the developmental process of masticatory dysfunction, but also to provide suggestions for evidence-based occlusal treatment. AimTo evaluate three-dimensional temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and its relationship to asymmetrical condylar movement in MA patients.Materials and methodsFifty subjects were divided into MA and control groups (n = 25 each) according to a menton deviation of 4 mm from the mid-sagittal plane. TMJ morphology (condyle, glenoid fossa and TMJ spaces) were evaluated using a three-dimensional analysis programme. Three-dimensional condylar movements (from the sagittal and horizontal planes) were recorded and measured by computerized axiography on protrusion. Side-to-side asymmetry was measured for each parameter. The asymmetry index value was calculated to assess the correlation between TMJ morphology and condylar movement. For the statistical analysis, Wilcoxon’s signed-ranked test, the Mann–Whitney U test, and Spearman’s rank correlation were used.ResultsGlenoid fossa volume, surface area, anteroposterior length, and condylar volume were significantly smaller, and articular eminence angle, glenoid fossa, and condylar axial angle were significantly larger, on the shifted side of the MA group when compared with those on the non-shifted side and the mean values of the control group (P < 0.05). The TMJ spaces of the MA group showed no bilateral difference but were significantly narrower in the medial, superior, and anterior joint spaces when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Condylar path length and sagittal condylar inclination were significantly asymmetrical. The asymmetry index of the condyle volume was significantly correlated with that of the condylar path length (P = 0.005). The asymmetry index of the glenoid fossa volume and the articular eminence angle were significantly correlated with that of the sagittal condylar inclination (P = 0.009 and P = 0.002, respectively), and the asymmetry index of glenoid fossa volume was significantly correlated with the bilateral transverse condylar inclination (P = 0.006 and P = 0.016, respectively).ConclusionsMorphological asymmetry of the TMJ is significantly different between the shifted and non-shifted sides and is closely related to functional asymmetry of condylar movement in MA patients. (350/350).

Mapping the Milky Way Disk with Gaia DR3: 3D Extended Kinematic Maps and Rotation Curve to ≈30 kpc

We apply a statistical deconvolution of the parallax errors based on Lucy’s inversion method (LIM) to the Gaia DR3 sources to measure their 3D velocity components in the range of Galactocentric distances R between 8 and 30 kpc with their corresponding errors and rms values. We find results that are consistent with those obtained by applying LIM to the Gaia DR2 sources, and we conclude that the method gives convergent and more accurate results by improving the statistics of the data set and lowering observational errors. The kinematic maps reconstructed with LIM up to R ≈ 30 kpc show that the Milky Way is characterized by asymmetrical motions with significant gradients in all velocity components. Furthermore, we determine the Galaxy rotation curve V C (R) up to ≈27.5 kpc with the cylindrical Jeans equation assuming an axisymmetric gravitational potential. We find that V C (R) is significantly declining up to the largest radius investigated. Finally, we also measure V C (R) at different vertical heights, showing that, for R < 15 kpc, there is a marked dependence on Z, whereas at larger R the dependence on Z is negligible.

On the dynamics of a 2-DOF nonlinear vibratory system with bistable characteristic and circulatory forces

We consider an autonomous damped 2-DOF mechanical system in which the two DOFs are coupled by a linear spring. A circulatory force is introduced into the system that may result in self-excited vibrations. A nonlinearity is added in the form of a cubic spring so that there are three fixed points, two of them are stable without the circulatory force, i.e., a bistable behavior. The basins of attraction for different values of the circulatory forces are numerically studied to see how the patterns of them change. Using a Poincaré map, the basins of attraction have three dimensions and they are cut with further cross-sections for the ease of visualization. The results are usually complicated maps with non-smooth boundaries, except when the circulatory force uncouples one DOF from the other. Special patterns of the maps are seen when in the nonlinear case a stable limit cycle is about to occur. Even in the case without stable limit cycle, initial conditions within the special range may lead to numerous cycles of periodic-like transient motion before asymptotically converging to a stable fixed point. Phase planes and bifurcation diagrams are also used, and multiple coexisting periodic solutions are found. Some interesting phenomena are also found in the supercritical region, including a restabilized motion that coexists with the associated period-doubled motion, and strong symmetric and asymmetric autonomous bursting-like motions.

How dependent basic events with interval‐valued probabilities affect fault tree analysis

AbstractThis paper studies the effect of the dependence state between basic events (BEs) on fault tree analysis (FTA) when the probabilities of events are characterized by interval values. The well‐known Frèchent bounds are extended for modeling six different types of dependence states between BEs. Three indices, called average dependence effect (ADE), location effect (LE) and size effect (SE), are defined for evaluating the effect of the dependence states between BEs on the probability of top event (TE) and identifying influential and non‐influential dependence states. Then, the proposed method is applied to fault tree (FT) examples, thereby explaining the dependence problem in FTA. To further verify the practicability of the method, FTA of the unilateral asymmetric movement failure of an aircraft flap mechanism is performed. The results show that: (i) the opposite and negative dependence contribute to the reliability of a parallel system while the perfect and positive dependence reduce it, (ii) the perfect and positive dependence contribute to the reliability of a series system while the opposite and negative dependence reduce it, and (iii) parallel systems are more reliable than series systems regardless of the dependence between BEs.

Smile Reanimation with Masseteric-to-Facial Nerve Transfer plus Cross-Face Nerve Grafting in Patients with Segmental Midface Paresis: 3D Retrospective Quantitative Evaluation

Facial paresis involves functional and aesthetic problems with altered and asymmetric movement patterns. Surgical procedures and physical therapy can effectively reanimate the muscles. From our database, 10 patients (18–50 years) suffering from unilateral segmental midface paresis and rehabilitated by a masseteric-to-facial nerve transfer combined with a cross-face facial nerve graft, followed by physical therapy, were retrospectively analyzed. Standardized labial movements were measured using an optoelectronic motion capture system. Maximum teeth clenching, spontaneous smiles, and lip protrusion (kiss movement) were detected before and after surgery (21 ± 13 months). Preoperatively, during the maximum smile, the paretic side moved less than the healthy one (23.2 vs. 28.7 mm; activation ratio 69%, asymmetry index 18%). Postoperatively, no differences in total mobility were found. The activity ratio and the asymmetry index differed significantly (without/with teeth clenching: ratio 65% vs. 92%, p = 0.016; asymmetry index 21% vs. 5%, p = 0.016). Postoperatively, the mobility of the spontaneous smiles significantly reduced (healthy side, 25.1 vs. 17.2 mm, p = 0.043; paretic side 16.8 vs. 12.2 mm, p = 0.043), without modifications of the activity ratio and asymmetry index. Postoperatively, the paretic side kiss movement was significantly reduced (27 vs. 19.9 mm, p = 0.028). Overall, the treatment contributed to balancing the displacements between the two sides of the face with more symmetric movements.

Group-based bi-directional recurrent wavelet neural network for efficient video super-resolution (VSR)

Video super-resolution (VSR) is an important technology for enhancing the quality of video frames. The recurrent neural network (RNN)-based approach is suitable for sequential data because it can use accumulated temporal information. However, since existing methods only tend to capture slow and symmetrical motion with low frame rate, there are still limitations to restore the missing details for more dynamic motion. Most of the previous methods using spatial information treat different types of the spatial features identically. It leads to lack of obtaining meaningful information and enhancing the fine details. We propose a group-based bi-directional recurrent wavelet neural network (GBR-WNN) to exploit spatio-temporal information effectively. The proposed group-based bi-directional RNN (GBR) framework is built on the well-structured process with the group of pictures (GOP). In a GOP, we resolves the low-resolution (LR) frames from border frames to center target frame. Because super-resolved features in a GOP are cumulative, neighboring features are improved progressively and asymmetrical motion can be dealt with. Also, we propose a temporal wavelet attention (TWA) adopting attention module for both spatial and temporal features simultaneously based on discrete wavelet transform. Experiments show that the proposed scheme achieves superior performance compared with state-of-the-art methods.

Effects of Yoga Intervention on Functional Movement Patterns and Mindfulness in Collegiate Athletes: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

High-quality movement patterns and high levels of mindfulness are thought to be beneficial in preventing sports injuries. Yoga is recommended in the field of athlete rehabilitation. This study investigated the effects of yoga intervention on functional movement patterns and mindfulness in collegiate athletes. It is a quasi-experimental study with a pre/post-test control design. The participants were divided into a yoga group and a control group. A Functional Movement Screen and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale were used to assess participants' basic movement patterns and mindfulness before and after 12 weeks of yoga intervention (two classes per week, 90 min per class). The results show that the yoga group's FMS scores improved more compared to the control group [F(1,78) = 29.08, p &lt; 0.001, ŋp2 = 0.27], and that the scores for the deep squat (ŋp2 = 0.4), shoulder mobility (ŋp2 = 0.17), and trunk stability pushup (ŋp2 = 0.36) improved substantially. The dysfunctional score ratio for deep squats (χ2 = 18.57, p &lt; 0.001), shoulder mobility (χ2 = 26.90, p &lt; 0.001), trunk stability pushup (χ2 = 17.07, p &lt; 0.001), and rotatory stability (χ2= 38.29, p &lt;0.001) decreased significantly compared with the control group, but there was no significant improvement in asymmetric movement patterns (χ2 = 0.75, p = 0.39). The mindfulness scores in the yoga group significantly exceeded those of the control group [F(1,78) = 13.56, p &lt; 0.001, ŋp2 = 0.15]. These results suggest that yoga intervention can improve functional movement patterns and mindfulness levels, but further evidence is needed to determine whether yoga could positively influence sports injuries.

Interobserver reliability of a recently proposed semiological classification in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in children

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to examine the semiological features of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures (PNES) in children and to evaluate interobserver reliability (IR) of two different classifications. to identify the sources of any variance in agreement and to estimate the IR of the classification systems MethodsSemiological features of 137 pediatric patients with PNES with and without epilepsy were analyzed. Two different, blinded observers evaluated these semiological features according to A. Asadi-Pooya and Seneviratne et al. classifications. The interobserver reliability was measured using a kappa (κ) coefficient for each PNES classification. ResultsThe mean age of patients with PNES was 14.3 (SD: 2.9) years. Ninety five patients were female (69.3 %), 42 were male (30.6 %). Ictal eye closure (n:109, 79.5 %), was the most common seizure semiology. Asymmetric limb movements (n: 71, 51.8 %), motor phenomenon lasting> two minutes (n:69, 50.3 %), and closed mouth (n:53, 38.6 %) were other common seizure semiologies of PNES. Kappa value was higher in A. Asadi-Pooya classification than Seneviratne classification (k = 0.697 and k = 0.433; p < 0.05). Kappa values were higher in the motor and non-motor categories of A. Asadi-Pooya classification than in the mixed category (k = 0.713, k = 0.799 and k = 0.455; p < 0.05). ConclusionThe added value of the new classification scheme with respect to uniform application by experienced pediatric neurologists seems to be reliable and influential, as interobserver reliability of the new classification system was higher than the early classification. Our findings suggest that a simple but comprehensive classification would be useful in the management of PNES.

PRODIGE – envelope to disk with NOEMA

Context. In the past few years, there has been a rise in the detection of streamers, asymmetric flows of material directed toward the protostellar disk with material from outside a star’s natal core. It is unclear how they affect the process of mass accretion, in particular beyond the Class 0 phase. Aims. We investigate the gas kinematics around Per-emb-50, a Class I source in the crowded star-forming region NGC 1333. Our goal is to study how the mass infall proceeds from envelope to disk scales in this source. Methods. We use new NOEMA 1.3 mm observations, including C18O, H2CO, and SO, in the context of the PRODIGE MPG – IRAM program, to probe the core and envelope structures toward Per-emb-50. Results. We discover a streamer delivering material toward Per-emb-50 in H2CO and C18O emission. The streamer’s emission can be well described by the analytic solutions for an infalling parcel of gas along a streamline with conserved angular momentum, both in the image plane and along the line-of-sight velocities. The streamer has a mean infall rate of 1.3 × 10−6 M⊙ yr−1, five to ten times higher than the current accretion rate of the protostar. SO and SO2 emission reveal asymmetric infall motions in the inner envelope, additional to the streamer around Per-emb-50. Furthermore, the presence of SO2 could mark the impact zone of the infalling material. Conclusions. The streamer delivers sufficient mass to sustain the protostellar accretion rate and might produce an accretion burst, which would explain the protostar’s high luminosity with respect to other Class I sources. Our results highlight the importance of late infall for protostellar evolution: streamers might provide a significant amount of mass for stellar accretion after the Class 0 phase.

Two distinct compartments of a ctenophore comb plate provide structural and functional integrity for the motility of giant multicilia

Comb plates are large ciliary structures uniquely seen in comb jellies (ctenophores).1,2,3 A comb plate is constructed from tens of thousands of cilia that are bundled together by structures called compartmenting lamellae (CLs).4,5,6 We previously reported the first component of the CL, CTENO64, and found that it was specifically found in ctenophores and was essential for the determination of ciliary orientation.3 However, CTENO64 is localized only in the proximal region of the CL; therefore, the molecular architecture of the CL over the entire length of a comb plate has not been elucidated. Here, we identified a second CL component, CTENO189. This ctenophore-specific protein was present in the distal region of comb plates, with a localization clearly segregated from CTENO64. Knockdown of the CTENO189 gene using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides resulted in complete loss of CLs in the distal region of comb plates but did not affect the formation of comb plates or the orientation of each cilium. However, the hexagonal distribution of cilia was disarranged, and the metachronal coordination of comb plates along a comb row was lost in the CTENO189 morphants. The morphant comb plate showed asymmetric ciliary-type movement in normal seawater, and in a high-viscosity solution, it could not maintain the normal waveforms but showed a symmetric flagellar-type movement. Our findings demonstrated two distinct compartments of a comb plate: the proximal CL as the building foundation that rigidly fixes the ciliary orientation, and the distal CL that reinforces the elastic connection among cilia to overcome the hydrodynamic drag of giant multiciliary plates.

Light-driven mixing strategy inside a nanofluid droplet by asymmetrical Marangoni flow

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to establish an effective numerical simulation method to describe the flow pattern and optimize the strategy of noncontact mixing induced by alternating Gaussian light inside a nanofluid droplet and analyzing the influencing factors and flow mechanism of fluid mixing inside a droplet.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the heat converted by the alternating incident Gaussian light acting on the nanoparticles was considered as the bulk heat source distribution, and the equilibrium equation between the surface tension and the viscous force at the upper boundary force was established; then, the numerical simulation methods for multiple-physical-field coupling was established, and the mixing index was used to quantify the mixing degree inside a droplet. The effects of the incident position of alternating Gaussian light and the height of the droplet on the mixing characteristics inside a droplet were studied. Finally, the nondimensional Marangoni number was used to reveal the flow mechanism of the internal mixing of the droplet.FindingsNoncontact alternating Gaussian light can induce asymmetric vortex motion inside a nanofluid droplet. The incident position of alternating Gaussian light is a significant factor affecting the mixing degree in the droplet. In addition, the heat transfer caused by the surface tension gradient promotes the convection effect, which significantly enhances the mixing of the fluid in the droplet.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates the possibility of the chaotic mixing phenomenon induced by noncontact Gaussian light that occurs within a tiny droplet and provides a feasible method to achieve efficient mixing inside droplets at the microscale.

Mechanism Design and Control of a Winged Hovering Robot With Flapping Angle Constraint

Abstract In this paper, we first presented a four-bar linkage mechanism for actuating the wings in a flapping wing flying robot. After that, given the additional constraints imposed by the four-bar linkage, we parameterized the wing kinematics to provide sufficient control authority for stabilizing the system during 3D hovering. The four-bar linkage allows the motors to spin continuously in one direction while generating flapping motion on the wings. However, this mechanism constrains the flapping angle range which is a common control parameter in controlling such systems. To address this problem, we divided each wingbeat cycle into four variable-time segments which is an extension to previous work on split-cycle modulation using wing bias but allows the use of a constant flapping amplitude constraint for the wing kinematic. Finally, we developed an optimization framework to control the system for fast recovery while guaranteeing the stability. The results showed that the proposed control parameters are capable of creating symmetric and asymmetric motions between the two wings and, therefore can stabilize the hovering system with minimal actuation and flapping angle amplitude constraint.

Role of TM3 in claudin-15 strand flexibility: A molecular dynamics study.

Claudins are cell-cell adhesion proteins within tight junctions that connect epithelial cells together. Claudins polymerize into a network of strand-like structures within the membrane of adjoining cells and create ion channels that control paracellular permeability to water and small molecules. Tight junction morphology and barrier function is tissue specific and regulated by claudin subtypes. Here, we present a molecular dynamics study of claudin-15 strands within lipid membranes and the role of a single-point mutation (A134P) on the third transmembrane helix (TM3) of claudin-15 in determining the morphology of the strand. Our results indicate that the A134P mutation significantly affects the lateral flexibility of the strands, increasing the persistence length of claudin-15 strands by a factor of three. Analyses of claudin-claudin contact in our μsecond-long trajectories show that the mutation does not alter the intermolecular contacts (interfaces) between claudins. However, the dynamics and frequency of interfacial contacts are significantly affected. The A134P mutation introduces a kink in TM3 of claudin-15 similar to the one observed in claudin-3 crystal structure. The kink on TM3 skews the rotational flexibility of the claudins in the strands and limits their fluctuation in one direction. This asymmetric movement in the context of the double rows reduces the lateral flexibility of the strand and leads to higher persistence lengths of the mutant.

Coupling combustion simulation and primary evaluation of an asymmetric motion diesel pilot hydrogen engine

The thermal efficiency and combustion of conventional hydrogen engines cannot be optimized and improved by its symmetric reciprocating. This article introduces an asymmetric motion hydrogen engine (AHE) and investigates its combustion characteristics using diesel pilot ignition. A dynamic model is firstly proposed to describe the asymmetric motion of the AHE, and then it is coupled into a multidimensional model for combustion simulation. The effect of asymmetric motion on the AHE combustion is also analyzed by comparing with a corresponding conventional symmetric hydrogen engine (SHE). The results show that the AHE moves slower in compression and faster in expansion than the SHE, which brings about higher hydrogen-air mixing level for combustion. The asymmetric motion delays diesel injection to ignite the AHE and its combustion appears later than the SHE, which leads to lower pressure and temperature for reducing NO formation. However, the AHE faster expansion has a more severe post-combustion effect to reduce isovolumetric heat release level and decrease the energy efficiency.

Identifying Lower Extremity Static And Dynamic Asymmetries And Their Mutual Association In Male Professional Soccer

Between-limb asymmetries (BA) during standing, jumping and running are often discussed with physical performance and injury risk. It is reported that magnitude of BA is related to a specific movement commonly performed in certain sports (e.g. kicking ins soccer). Since those asymmetrical movements are repeatedly performed in some sports, it may gradually lead to a greater BA in both static and dynamic tasks over time. However, studies that focused on BA measure on both static and dynamic tasks are limited. Also, an association between static and dynamic tasks is understudied. PURPOSE: To investigate the BA in both static and dynamic tasks as well as examine a relationship between static and dynamic tasks among athletes who regularly performed asymmetrical movements. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed using 152 male professional soccer players of the highest Czech league. Kinematic running data were analyzed bilaterally using 3D treadmill at running velocity 12 km.h-1. Running asymmetry (RA) was evaluated and quantified using symmetry index (SI) for following variables: Impact Peak Force (IPF), Active Peak Force (APF), Impulse (I), Loading Rate (LR), Push off Rate (PR) and Step Length (SL). Postural stability (PSA) was evaluated by with a pressure platform as difference between legs during one-leg standing task (60 s). Pearson’s coefficient (r), coefficient of determination (R2) and effect size (d) were used for statistical assessment. RESULTS: The magnitude of BA varied by each variable with, with asymmetries <2% (APF = 1.36 ± 1.12 % [range: 5.50 %], I = 1.28 ± 1.07 % [range: 5.50 %], SL = 1.16 ± 1.38 % [range: 8.50 %] and greater asymmetries >5 % (LR = 6.33 ± 6.02 % [range: 38%], PSA = 7.42 ± 6.13 % [range: 28%]). Significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) has been found between APF vs. I (r = 0.44, R2 = 0.19, d = moderate), IPF vs. LR (r = 0.38, R2 = 0.14, d = moderate), APF vs. PR (r = 0.44, R2 = 0.19, d = moderate), PR vs. I (r = 0.35, R2 = 0.12, d = moderate), LR vs. I (r = 0.16, R2 = 0.03, d = small) and significant negative correlation between PSA vs. SL (r = - 0.18, R2 = 0.03, d = small). CONCLUSIONS: There were variabilities in the magnitudes of BA in both static and dynamic tasks. Limb asymmetry relationship between static and dynamic tasks were weak or none in this group of elite male professional soccer players.

Numerical approach for predicting the slamming loads in oblique long waves considering the wave-body interface

Ship slamming is quite common for ongoing ships, which involves complex wave-body interaction. However, our understanding on the ship slamming is limited to symmetrical cases. In this paper, a numerical approach was established to predict the asymmetric slamming loads in oblique long waves through combining the seakeeping theory and CFD technology. A reference coordinate system located on the wave surface was applied to transfer the ship slamming problems into asymmetrical water entry cases, where the inclination wave-body interface and asymmetrical ship motions were included. Numerical verifications including the CFD method, different water entry models, 3D effects and wave effects were carried out to discuss the applicability. Taking a 21K TEU container ship as an example, the characteristics of slamming loads under oblique long waves were further discussed through combining the free surface evolution and pressure distribution. The results demonstrate that the wave direction has significant influence on the slamming loads. This method can provide a high-efficiency prediction for slamming loads in oblique long waves with reasonable accuracy, which is quite useful at present to serve the impact strength design.

A Novel Variant of the Short-Chain Enoyl-CoA Hydratase-1 Gene Presenting with a Mild Phenotype: The Second Case Report from India

AbstractA 9-year-old girl presented with asymmetric abnormal twisting movements affecting her left side more than the right side, initially action induced, but later persistent. Examination revealed generalized persistent dystonia with choreoathetosis and right partial tonic ocular tilt reaction. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed T1 and T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hypointense and T2 hyperintense signal changes in bilateral globus pallidi. Clinical exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous variatnts in enoyl-CoA hydratase-1 (ECHS1) gene: a novel pathogenic variant in exon 6, chr10:g.133366045G &gt; A (p.Gln224Ter) and a likely pathogenic variant in exon 5, chr10:g.133366990G &gt; A (p.Ala173Val). Metabolic testing and arterial lactate levels were normal. She was treated with valine restricted diet, trihexiphenidyl, clonazepam, N-acetyl cysteine and mitochondrial cocktail, without significant improvement over the 6 months follow-up period.

Approaching to the stable transportation based on motion profile phases for material handling system

Transportation is a critical part of logistics in any economy. In the context of industrialization and modernization, a solution to enable utilization of autonomous vehicles that work with uncertain factors, high speed, and continuous motion is urgent. The anti-vibration control of this system plays a vital role in avoiding accidents, especially when sharing space with humans. Therefore, in this paper, non-vibration control strategies, such as the linear motion profile (LMP), symmetric motion curve (SMC), and asymmetric motion curve (ASMC), based on the phases of motion profiles, are investigated for a lifting type of carrier. Firstly, the system modelling of both the vehicle and cargo is conducted. Secondly, by analysing the dynamic characteristics, the motion performance in both the acceleration phase and deceleration phase is achieved. Several constraints are validated in order to maintain the stable motion. In the experiments, four cases including a test without the algorithm and with the algorithm with LMP, SMC, and ASMC are examined. From these results, the peak acceleration of these schemes, LMP, SMC, and ASMC, respectively, decrease by 28.5%, 20.3%, and 10.1% compared with the case without the algorithm. The contributions of this research are (i) to analyse the poles and zeros for a load–vehicle system with respect to its dynamic characteristics, (ii) to propose a vibration attenuation control scheme based on the classification of the motion phases, and (iii) to employ various smoothing profiles to demonstrate the comparative performance. These results can be widely applied to the sustainability of not only the logistics field but also digital trade.