Members Of Association Research Articles

The Use of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Enhancing Student Participation in Classroom Activities at the English Subject Teacher’s Association

The development of various post-pandemic technologies has significantly changed teaching and learning activities. Through a brief interview between the head of the English Language Teachers’ Association in Banjar Regency and the head of the community service team, data was obtained that identified the issues faced by of the English Language Teachers’ Association members: 1) Teachers still lack information about various Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies for English language teaching. 2) The teachers still lack information about free applications that can be used to support technology-based learning to increase student participation. Given the challenges faced by the partners, the goal of this community service was to provide secondary school teachers in South Kalimantan, especially in Banjar Regency, with insights into how AI plays a comprehensive role, as well as training in how to integrate various AI technologies to support the teaching and learning process. The implementation method offered for this activity included lectures, discussions, and collaborative learning with several stages, such as preparation, execution, and evaluation. The results of this training were as follows: 1) New experience for the teachers about AI-based support applications in the learning process. 2) How to integrate these applications into the classroom learning process. 3) Teachers successfully created their learning media using applications learned during the training. 4) Learning practices that integrated AI into the teaching process increased student motivation to learn English. The conclusion of this community service was that services could help the teacher in using technology, especially AI, to increase student participation in class.

Journey and Experience of an Editor

I had been a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Saidu Medical College (JSMC) for the last 7 to 8 years. Looking back through this period, i grade it a pleasant experience. When I joined the team of JSMC, the journal was passing through its childhood to adulthood period. The hard work of registering it with Provincial Information Department and having the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) number, already done as well as provisional recognition with Pakistan Medical & Dental Council (PMDC) was also accomplished. Yet a lot was still ahead and required as is usual with the scientific journals. I would like to appreciate the hard work of the pioneers and the struggle and commitment of the present team members, whose commitment has nurtured this young sibling to a fruitful tree. This journal is now indexed and registered with different national agencies like, Higher Education Commission, Pakistan category 'Y', College of Physician & Surgeon of Pakistan, Pakistan Scientific & Technological Information Centre, PakMediNet.com, and also has gained recognition at international level like; Member of Crossref to assign Digital Object Identifier (DOI) to each article, Following Creative Commons license for international acceptability, giving internationally recognized reviewer credits via Reviewer Credits.com, member of Eastern Mediterranean Association of Medical Editors (EMAME) and Index Medicus Eastern Mediterranean Region (IMEMR).

Navigating Sustainability in Malaysian Logistics: An Exploration of Operational Factors and Sustainable Logistics Performance

As the global logistics industry undergoes a paradigm shift towards sustainability, this research investigates the intricate relationships between key operational dimensions and sustainable logistics performance within the context of the Malaysian logistics sector, with a focus on Selangor. The study adopts a cross-sectional research design and employs a stratified random sampling method to select 150 members from a list of 4,000 logistics service association members. A structured questionnaire, encompassing green customer relationships, sustainable transportation, eco-friendly warehouse operations, digital transformation initiatives, and sustainable logistics performance, is utilized to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. The study aims to analyze the data using multiple regression analysis to discern the statistical relationships between independent and dependent variables. This research not only contributes to the body of knowledge in sustainable logistics but also provides actionable insights for logistics professionals and policymakers in Selangor, guiding the industry towards a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future. The findings from this study is that Green Customer Relationship, Green Transportation and Green Operations positively impact the Sustainable Logistics Performance.

Pregnancy-related issues from the perspective of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases - Results from a survey of the members of the National Association for Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases.

This study aimed to clarify the issues related to pregnancy in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (RDs) and to provide useful information for developing medical services from patients' perspectives. A survey involving approximately 5000 members of the Patients Association for Collagen Vascular Diseases Japan was conducted using a questionnaire that was sent and returned by mail. The questionnaire items included age at the time of the survey, types of RDs, association of RDs with pregnancy/childbirth outcomes, and pregnancy-related supports and hindrances. We received 491 completed questionnaires. The most common RD was systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 309). Approximately 60% of participants had a history of childbirth. Approximately 60% of participants had previously experienced pregnancy-related challenges due to RDs. These included concerns about the influence of drugs on babies, genetic transmission, and active disease. Patients with active disease at the time of conception were more likely to experience disease exacerbation during pregnancy, but this did not correlate with whether the pregnancy was planned. This study revealed that many patients with RDs experienced pregnancy-related challenges and needed appropriate support based on appropriate information. The findings here should help rheumatologists, healthcare providers, and public agencies provide counselling and information.

Evaluation of medication withdrawal in patients with non-systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Japan using a web-based survey.

Although treatments for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) have seen considerable advancements, there remains a lack of clear guidelines on withdrawing medications. This study aimed to investigate the current strategies for discontinuing non-systemic JIA treatment. A web-based questionnaire was distributed to members of the Pediatric Rheumatology Association of Japan. According to 126 responses, the most significant factors influencing JIA treatment tapering were the duration of clinically inactive disease, medication toxicity, and a history of arthritis flares. Respondents were often cautious about discontinuing medication if symptoms, e.g. 'morning stiffness' or 'intermittent joint pain', persisted. Among subtypes, oligoarticular JIA was more amenable to treatment tapering, whereas rheumatoid factor-positive polyarticular JIA proved less amenable. Most respondents started medication tapering after a continuous clinical inactive duration exceeding 12 months, and >50% of them required >6 months to achieve treatment discontinuation. Additionally, 40% of the respondents consistently underwent imaging before treatment tapering. The relative risks of treatment continuation and withdrawal should be considered, and decisions should be made accordingly. To obtain improved understanding of and more robust evidence for the optimal strategies for safely discontinuing JIA treatment, it is crucial to continue investigations including long-term outcomes.

Intraoperative and Intraprocedural Use of 3-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography: An International European Association of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Intensive Care Survey of Cardiac Surgical Centers

ObjectiveTo assess the intraoperative use of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) in cardiac surgical centers, we created a survey aimed at evaluating the availability of equipment, the use of 3D TEE for specific surgical and interventional procedures and single image modalities. Finally, we asked to identify the perceived impact on patient's management and current limitations to its routine use. DesignMultiple-choice 25-questions online survey submitted to the members of the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Intensive Care (EACTAIC) on December 6th, 2021 and closed on January 31st, 2022. SettingOnline survey. ParticipantsRegistered EACTAIC members in 2021. InterventionsNone. Measurements and Main ResultsA total of 239 respondents from 44 different countries took part in the survey (27% of total 903 EACTAIC members). Most respondents (59%) were TEE certified by National Board of Echocardiography (NBE), European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI/EACTAIC) or had a national certificate. Sixty-eight percent of respondents had no formal 3D TEE training. Eight percent of respondents had no 3D machines. While 40% had one for each operating room, 33% had only one for the entire operating room block. 3D TEE was performed most frequently in more than 67% of cases for mitral valve (MV) surgery and in more than 54% of cases for mitral- and tricuspid clips, aortic valve- (AV), tricuspid valve- (TV) and aortic surgery. ConclusionCurrent guidelines suggest integrating 3D TEE in all comprehensive examinations. Our survey reports that intraoperative 3D TEE was used in the majority of mitral valve surgery and only half of other valve surgeries and transcatheter procedures. Its use may be explained by the availability of 3D machines, trained personnel and limited time to perform TEE in the operating room. Educational initiatives for training in 3D TEE may further increase its routine use.

재개발·재건축 조합원의 조직몰입이 조직성과에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to define the concept from the perspective of the emerging organizational commitment(OC) and organizational citizenship behavior(OCB), and to verify the effect of organizational commitment of redevelopment and reconstruction union members on organizational performance(OP) and the mediating effect of organizational citizenship behavior. This study was empirically analyzed using the questionnaire method for members of the redevelopment association. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, it was analyzed that the OC of redevelopment and reconstruction union members had a positive(+) effect on OP. Second, it was found that the OC of redevelopment and reconstruction union members had a positive(+) effect on OCB. Third, OCBr was found to have a statistically significant impact on OP in the relationship between OCB and OP of redevelopment and reconstruction union members. Fourth, it was verified that the OCB of redevelopment and reconstruction union members played a significant positive(+) complete mediating role in the relationship between OC and OP. It is the significance of this study that the research area in the field of redevelopment and reconstruction unions was expanded by empirically verifying the OC, OCB, and OP of redevelopment and reconstruction union members.

Social associations and cardiovascular mortality in the United States counties, 2016 to 2020

BackgroundThe positive aspects of social interaction on health have been described often, with considerably less attention to their negative aspect. This study aimed to assess the impact of social associations on cardiovascular mortality in the United States.MethodsThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) data sets from 2016 to 2020 were used to identify death records due to cardiovascular disease in the United States population aged 15 years and older. The social association rate defined as membership associations per 10,000 population, accessed from the 2020 County Health Rankings data was used as a surrogate for social participation. All United States counties were grouped into quartiles based on their social association rate; Q1 being the lowest quartile of social association, and Q4 the highest quartile. Age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) was calculated for each quartile. County health factor rankings for the state of Texas were used to adjust the AAMR for baseline comorbidities of county population, using Gaussian distribution linear regression.ResultsOverall, the AAMR was highest in the 4th social association rate quartile (306.73 [95% CI, 305.72-307.74]) and lowest in the 1st social association rate quartile (266.80 [95% CI, 266.41–267.20]). The mortality rates increased in a linear pattern from lowest to highest social association rate quartiles. After adjustment for the county health factor ranks of Texas, higher social association rate remained associated with a significantly higher AAMR (coefficient 15.84 [95% CI, 12.78–18.89]).ConclusionsOur study reported higher cardiovascular AAMR with higher social associations in the United States, with similar results after adjustment for County Health Rankings in the state of Texas.

Changes in nurses' work: A comparative study during the waves of COVID-19 pandemic.

The aim of this study is to describe and evaluate how nurses caring for COVID and non-COVID patients assess changes in their work and in nursing activities during the two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted for Estonian nurses working during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, using The impact of COVID-19 emergency on nursing care questionnaire. Based on convenience sampling, the data were collected among the members of professional organizations, unions and associations. Responses from the first (n = 162) and second wave (n = 284) were analysed using descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test and McNemar's test. The COVID-19 pandemic changed the working context during both waves for nurses caring for COVID and non-COVID patients. Changes were considered to a greater extent during the second wave, when Estonia was severely affected, and by nurses caring for COVID patients. During the second wave, the number and complexity of patients increased, and nurses caring for COVID patients performed fundamental care, nursing techniques and symptom control significantly more frequently compared to nurses caring for non-COVID patients. Taking care of COVID patients is demanding, requiring nurses to perform more direct patient care. However, the pandemic also increased the frequency of activities not related with direct patient care.

A survey of environmental sustainability in Japanese dialysis facilities.

Dialysis practice has a particularly high environmental impact, including responsible for carbon emissions and climate change. Insufficient research has been conducted on environmental sustainability activities in dialysis therapy in Japan. We conducted an online Green Survey comprising 30 question items based on a previously conducted survey in Australia. Between August and September 2023, this was sent to members of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians, including hospital and clinic physicians, working across 885 dialysis facilities in Japan. In total, 255 (29%) facilities responded to the survey. More than half of the facilities (n = 157; 61.6%) responded that they did not have a strategy, policy, or action plan for environmental sustainability. In four-fifths of the facilities (n = 208; 81.6%), no "green team" or committee had been formed to promote environmental protection. By contrast, most of the surveyed facilities had emergency strategies for natural disasters, such as covering for patient visits and staff commuting during extreme weather conditions (n = 169; 66.3%), water shortages (n = 159; 62.4%), and power outages (n = 188; 73.7%). Following the UK, Australia and New Zealand, and Portugal, this is the fourth Green Survey to be conducted, and the first on environmental sustainability among kidney health-care providers in Japan. The results indicated that daily activities for environmental protection are still lacking at many facilities, even though the management of dialysis treatment during a natural disaster is well conducted.

An International Survey of Practices in the Investigation and Endoscopic Treatment of Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions amongst Interventional Bronchoscopists

Introduction: The investigation of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) can be challenging. Several bronchoscopic modalities have been developed to reach and biopsy PPL but the level of adoption of these techniques by interventional pulmonologists (IPs) is unknown. This international survey was conducted to describe current practices in PPL investigation among IP. Methods: This survey was sent to all members of the World Association for Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology, Canadian Thoracic Society Procedures Assembly, AABIP, and the Groupe d’Endoscopie Thoracique et Interventionnel Francophone. The survey was composed of 48 questions and three clinical cases to establish a portrait of modalities used to investigate and treat PPL by IP around the world. Results: Three hundred and twelve IP responded to the survey. Most of them practice in Europe (n = 122), North America (n = 97), and Asia (n = 49). Half of responders perform more than 100 endoscopic procedures for PPL annually. General anesthesia and conscious sedation are used in similar proportions (53% and 47%, respectively). Rapid on site evaluation (ROSE) is used when sampling PPL by 42%. Radial EBUS (69%), fluoroscopy (55%), and electromagnetic navigation (27%) are the most widely used techniques. Most IP combine techniques (89%). Robotic bronchoscopy (15%) and cone-beam CT (8%) are almost exclusively used in the USA where, respectively, 60% and 37% of respondents reported using these modalities. Ten percent of IP currently had access to endoscopic treatment modalities for PPL. However, half of the remaining IP plan to acquire an endoscopic treatment modality in the next 2 years. Conclusion: Available techniques and practices worldwide vary significantly regarding PPL investigation and treatment.

“NOT VIRAL, NOT POPULAR”: WHAT IS THE FORMAT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IKN? IN A PARTICIPATORY PLANNING LENS

The Indonesian government administration, which was originally centered in Jakarta, will be moved in 2024. Interestingly, the construction of the Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) reaps pros–cons from the community. Discussions about the IKN planning pattern continue to be debated. To conduct this event, the orientation of the article is to invite public participation (outside the government) to determine the choice of what planning format is valid for the sustainability of the new IKN development. The profiles of respondents are local netizens who often use social media to test their insights who live around the IKN. The cluster sampling survey was carried out partially using online interviews throughout the 2022 period. Besides, the data collection process only focused on 251 respondents who have skills and are certified as urban planners who are members of associations with special expertise. The collected primary data is extracted into the Chi–Square model. As a result, it detects that the planning formulation suggested by netizens has an effect on the sustainability of the IKN development. From various walks of life including: scientists, observers/environmental activists, community leaders, social media observers, and entrepreneurs, the majority consider the most realistic planning approach for the sustainability of IKNs to be green cities. For the long–term, netizens reason and assume that this concept fulfills the necessary of green open space (RTH).

Genetic Information to Share with Parents when Newborn Screening Reveals the Presence of Sickle Cell Trait.

The primary purpose of newborn screening for sickle cell disease is to diagnose the disease before the appearance of symptoms and to initiate early treatment. To answer the question "What genetic information needs to be communicated to parents when newborn screening reveals the presence of a sickle cell trait," we conducted a survey using a self-administered online questionnaire. We received responses from 122 healthcare workers and members of sickle cell disease associations, in France and French overseas departments. Our results showed similar positions on this issue. The information conveyed is not consistent and is the result of grassroots initiatives. The negative consequences generated by this information could be reduced when this information is delivered by a multidisciplinary team, within the framework of a dedicated consultation. This information on sickle cell trait status should be given in at least three key periods: the neonatal period, early adolescence, and later adolescence, when reproductive implications become important. Neonatal screening programs should develop systems that allow referring physicians to easily access the results of neonatal screening electronically. Harmonization of practices should allow a better analysis of the consequences of this counselling on family projects.

The master’s degree in development practice: a case study of twelve university programs

Sustainable development is a global priority. However, a lack of research exists on the programs designed to train sustainable development practitioners. This multi-case case study, possibly the first to describe the programs that trains development practitioners, utilized case study theory and semi-structured interviews with program administrators to describe sustainable development programs offered by 12 higher education institutions in eight countries with membership in the Global Association of Masters in Development Practice. The results revealed five themes or key drivers, nine advantages, and four deficiencies. Two drivers were enrollment-focused (admission of students with prior work experience in development and financial support), two were curriculum-focused (incorporation of field work and integration of specific knowledge aspects and skills training in the curricula), and one was institutional attitude (adoption of a culture of flexibility). The most common challenges were impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic. These results provide insights for continuous improvement efforts of program administrators for students in sustainable development. The practical methodology developed can be replicated and adapted for investigation of similar programs and other disciplines in higher education.

Quality indicators for appropriate in-hospital pharmacotherapeutic stewardship: An international modified Delphi study.

In-hospital prescribing errors may result in patient harm, such as prolonged hospitalisation and hospital (re)admission, and may be an emotional burden for the prescribers and healthcare professionals involved. Despite efforts, in-hospital prescribing errors and related harm still occur, necessitating an innovative approach. We therefore propose a novel approach, in-hospital pharmacotherapeutic stewardship (IPS). The aim of this study was to reach consensus on a set of quality indicators (QIs) as a basis for IPS. A three-round modified Delphi procedure was performed. Potential QIs were retrieved from two systematic searches of the literature, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. In two written questionnaires and a focus meeting (held between the written questionnaire rounds), potential QIs were appraised by an international, multidisciplinary expert panel composed of members of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (EACPT). The expert panel rated 59 QIs and four general statements, of which 35 QIs were accepted with consensus rates ranging between 79% and 97%. These QIs describe the activities of an IPS programme, the team delivering IPS, the patients eligible for the programme and the outcome measures that should be used to evaluate the care delivered. A framework of 35 QIs for an IPS programme was systematically developed. These QIs can guide hospitals in setting up a pharmacotherapeutic stewardship programme to reduce in-hospital prescribing errors and improve in-hospital medication safety.

The Influence of Social Capital and Farmers’ Specific Factors on the Poverty of Rural Farm Households in Akwa Ibom, State, Nigeria

This study analyzed the effect of social capital and other relevant factors on poverty of farm households and identified constraints militating against effective social capital formation among poor rural farm households belonging to associations in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was utilized to choose 180 rural farm households within the research location. The FGT methodology was used to generate indices of poverty. Descriptive statistics, Tobit model and factor analytical procedures were employed to analyze the objectives of the study. The estimated model showed high degree of fitness, thus justifying the estimation method used. The results revealed that, the following social capitals: farm size acquired from the association, income derived from membership of association, number of visits of extension agents, interest amount paid on loan acquired from association, fertilizer, seeds, pesticides and farm land acquired from the association have a significant negative relationship with the poverty of rural farm households in the study area. By implication, increase in the stock of these social capitals by poor farm households would significantly enhance the reduction of poverty depth among them. Moreover, other factors which affected farm household poverty status were sex of household heads, age, household size, years of formal education, farm income and ownership of assets. The results also found 8 categories of constraints militating against effective social capital formation among poor rural farm households. The constraints categories are: leadership, management style and low income; financial constraint and unconcerned attitude of members towards group activities; executive characters; ineffective coordination and unfair distribution of benefits to members; lack of seriousness of members; poverty; illiteracy and incompetence as well as defaults and partiality. From the result, it is concluded that social capital accumulations reduce the probability of being poor. Based on the high percentage of poverty prevalence in the State, it is concluded that poverty is endemic in the rural areas of Akwa Ibom State and specifically among farm households. This study lends support to recent emphasis on investing in social capital as a major means of poverty reduction in the rural areas.

Proceed with Caution: Social Acceptability of Forestry Practices in Puerto Rico among Members of Local Environmental Organizations, Academia and Professional Associations.

Social acceptability of forestry practices plays a key role in defining sustainable forestry policies and strategies. In this study an online survey was distributed among members of environmental, non-governmental, professional, and academic organizations to assess the acceptability of forestry practices in Puerto Rico among members of civic society interested in environmental management issues. Participants were asked about their perception of forest uses, their preference of tree harvesting technologies, methods that may apply in small scale wood production settings, and trust in organizations providing forest information. We also inquired about attitudes towards economic activity in forests and the impact of such activity on recreation and biodiversity. The results show that even though participants do not place a high priority on economic development through forestry activities, acceptance of forest management for wood harvesting will be possible by considering adherence to particular forestry technologies and methods to safeguard current recreation activities and biodiversity conservation. Social acceptability information would be worthwhile when seeking consensus among a broader group of local stakeholders. As a next step we suggest the creation of a council constituted by diverse forestry sector stakeholders that would engage in a strategic planning exercise to delineate a clear road map that can guide short and long-term sustainable forest management, including wood industry development.

Is social capital bridging or bonding? Evidence from a field experiment with association members

Social capital theorists posit that association members are key agents for propagating norms of trust and trustworthiness from within associations toward the society as a whole. Nevertheless, others claim that social capital is primarily bonding, that is, it helps ingroup members better achieve internal goals, but little benefits or even costs carry over to the rest of society. We deploy experimental methods to probe into whether social capital in associations has a predominantly bridging or bonding nature. We compare members’ behavior in anonymous Trust Games with behavior by a demographically comparable sample of non-members. We find that (a) Members are significantly more trusting and trustworthy than the general population both when interacting with fellow members and with people from the general population; (b) Members trust and repay trust from people from the general public nearly at the same level as they do with fellow members. Therefore, most of social capital existing within associations “bridges” over to the rest of society. We quantify 83% of additional trust, and 71% of additional trustworthiness existing in associations vis-à-vis society at large to be bridging and the remainder to be bonding. (c) Association members are no more optimistic or less accurate in predicting others’ behavior than people from the general public. (d) Increased involvement in association activities is not correlated with increased pro-sociality.

Зарубежный опыт финансово-правового регулирования территориальных преференциальных режимов

The article is devoted to the consideration of foreign experience in the legal regulation of territorial preferential regimes. The greatest emphasis in the article is on identifying limitations, including those determined by the principles of constructing the state tax system, as well as the international obligations undertaken. Several countries with experience in creating territorial preferential regimes, as well as members of various international associations, were selected as examples for analysis. The article also analyzes the findings of the study on the negative experience of using preferential regimes in developing countries and its reasons.

Factors Explaining the Willingness of Small-Scale Private Forest Owners to Engage in Forestry—A German Case Study

In Germany, 24% of the forest area is owned by small-scale private forest owners, whose property is affected by a societal demand for forest-related ecosystem services. In the inhomogeneous group of small-scale private forest owners, different living conditions and lifestyles exist, which are affecting the management of the forest ownership. To support the management activities of small-scale private forest owners, institutional instruments exist, but these are only used by a small proportion of forest owners. In order to gain insights into the accessibility and activation of small-scale private forest owners for management, and to draw conclusions for appropriate support instruments, a large number of studies have analyzed the factors influencing the management activities of forest owners. Some studies identify socio-demographic and socio-economic variables as important influencing factors, but do not take into account their complex interdependencies, which have developed as a result of the pluralization of lifestyles and individualization of forest owners. For this reason, in addition to the influencing factors identified in the literature as relevant for forest management activities of small-scale private forest owners, the lifestyle segmentation approach of Sinus milieus established in German market research was applied in this study. This approach allocates forest owners based on their complex lifestyles into ten different milieu groups. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the parameters influencing the willingness to engage in eight different forest management activities. The results show that the willingness to engage in forest management activities in the future is higher compared to actions in the past. In addition to timber harvesting-related activities, the small-scale private forest owners show a high action potential for non-commodity-related activities. Non-commodity-related activities can primarily be explained by the Sinus milieu affiliation of the small-scale private forest owners. This result underlines the usefulness of a lifestyle segmentation approach such as the Sinus milieus to address small-scale private forest owners in a target group specific way in line with their willingness to engage in specific forest management activities. Institutional instruments such as the membership in a forest owners association or subsidies do not play a significant role for non-commodity-related activities and seem to be inappropriate for targeting small-scale private forest owners for these activities. Timber harvesting-related activities are primarily influenced by the presence of professional foresters, socio-demographic factors or institutional instruments. Based on these empirical findings, implications can be drawn for the target group-specific addressing of forest owners based on different management activities. In this way, forest owners can be motivated to engage in forest management and the provision of forest-related ecosystem services.