Routine Aspects Research Articles

Manajemen Badan Usaha Milik Desa ( BUMDes) “Berkah Banyu Makmur” Di Desa Pancasan Kecamatan Ajibarang Kabupaten Banyumas

This research examines the Management of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) "Berkah Banyu Makmur" in Pancasan Village, Ajibarang District, Banyumas Regency. The research method used is qualitative with descriptive analysis. Using primary and secondary data collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The management theory used is the George R. Terry, Leslie W. Rue, G. A. Ticolau model, with its 4 aspects, namely: Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling. The research results show that BUMDes "Berkah Banyu Makmur" has succeeded in implementing management functions well. The planning aspect involves village deliberations and regulations for business development as well as efforts to make Pancasan an Edutourism Village. The organizational aspects are clear and structured, as well as the development of BUMDes using the hexahelix model. Aspects of implementing BUMDes' daily operational activities have been regulated and structured with individual and team duties and responsibilities. Routine monitoring and evaluation aspects to ensure goals are achieved, with monthly and daily monitoring. With continuous efforts and strong commitment to the vision of becoming an Edutourism Village, it is hoped that this BUMDes can continue to develop and provide greater benefits for the people of Pancasan Village, as well as becoming an inspiring example for BUMDes in the surrounding area.

“Prince Mangosuthu Buthelezi Wept”: Exploring Translations of Language, Practices and Story Forms in IsiZulu Journalism

ABSTRACT In multicultural and multilingual societies like South Africa, newswork, or the practices that underpin the news-making process, is made possible by linguistic and cultural translation. In other words, both linguistic and cultural translation play a significant role in contemporary journalism practices in South Africa. While the linguistic level is concerned about language, the cultural level focuses on para language, especially the practices around news gathering and reporting. This paper seeks to illustrate how translation works in terms of language, practices and forms of journalism in multicultural contexts like South Africa. The country is a multicultural and multilingual country meaning that the English media content in mainstream journalism almost always appears as a translation. When sourcing in a variety of languages and cultural contexts, journalists and other media producers have to translate at both linguistic and practice levels. The practice level is influenced mostly by the cultural contexts. Operating in an environment where journalism is conducted within a specific news culture whose borders are inscribed by the hegemonic English and western journalistic cultures, journalists working for indigenous languages newspapers like Ilanga newspaper, an isiZulu newspaper, undertake numerous “translation” processes in the conduct of their work. Central to the arguments in this paper is the idea that both journalism practice and translation are routine aspects of news-work in multicultural countries.

Analysis of TikTok Utilization as a Reference Source for Students of UIN North Sumatra Library Science Study Program

In the context of the digital era, social media integration has become an integral aspect of daily routines, especially among university students, as part of their social and academic lives. This study investigates the utilization of TikTok as a reference source for Library Science students at UIN North Sumatra. The phenomenon of social media, especially TikTok, has taken center stage in daily life, especially among university students. However, in addition to its benefits, social media also brings negative impacts, including the risk of addiction and the spread of false information. Although TikTok offers educational content, the findings in this study show that not all students use it as a reference source. Some students may prefer other platforms or traditional methods to find academic references, such as books and scientific journals. This suggests that although TikTok has potential as a reference source, its use has not been fully adopted by the entire population of Library Science students. This research uses a qualitative approach by applying Miles and Huberman's theory as the basis for analysis in the process of collecting, reducing, presenting data, and drawing conclusions.

The content production routine in the pandemic context

The COVID-19 pandemic led Brazil to implement social distancing measures, challenging the operation of various organizations. This study aimed to identify how such a context impacted the content production routine in a media and entertainment company. After documentary analysis, interviews, and participant observation, three categories emerged: (i) emergence of guiding and facilitating artifacts; (ii) imposition of new competence, and (iii) emergence of new production models. Findings suggest that the interplay between the influence of artifacts on the ostensive aspect of routines and operational practice required new competencies from the involved actors.

Evaluating undesired scratching in domestic cats: a multifactorial approach to understand risk factors.

Despite being a natural feline behavior, scratching can become undesirable from a human perspective when directed at household items. This complex behavior can stem from various motivations, ranging from individual cat characteristics to environmental factors. This study investigates the factors influencing the increased level of undesirable scratching behavior in domestic cats, considering both cat-related and environmental aspects. Data from 1,211 cats were collected for this study. An online questionnaire comprising three sections was utilized. The first section gathered caregiver demographics, while the subsequent section examined aspects of cats' daily routines, social interactions, environments, behaviours, and temperaments. The final section assessed the frequency and intensity of undesirable scratching behavior in cats. Scratching behavior was evaluated based on a combined scratching index. The study suggests that the presence of a child may be associated with scratching episodes in the home environment. Additionally, factors such as play duration, playfulness, and nocturnal activity were identified as significant contributors to heightened scratching levels (p ≤ 0.05). Aggressiveness and disruptiveness also played significant roles in increased scratching behavior (p ≤ 0.05). The location of scratching posts emerged as a significant factor, with posts placed in areas frequented by the cat being more effective in redirecting scratching behavior (p ≤ 0.05). This study reveals several significant associations between cat characteristics, nocturnal activity and play, as well as the environment. It underscores the multifaceted nature of undesirable scratching behavior and emphasizes the importance of comprehensively understanding both the individual characteristics of the cat and its environment to effectively address this behavior.

Theory and every thing: acquiring the office of Professor Stephen Hawking as a resource for history and museology

How do the curators of science and technology collections represent the daily realities of doing science? Through the acquisition of Professor Stephen Hawking’s office by the Science Museum, this paper will explore what is involved in making major acquisitions for national collections. How do curators consider what to preserve from the eclectic range of items found in the working spaces of scientists? What do the personal artefacts of a scientist’s life represent, and what do acts of curatorial choices say about the narratives that are foregrounded – and those that are not – in positioning that life historically? And how do those choices illuminate the considerations involved in the way science and technology is represented in our national collections? By going beyond the glass case, we consider what it takes to bring an object into a collection: the intellectual considerations of how its stories are preserved for a nation and the practical considerations required so that items can even be considered for future display. The paper illuminates the formal and informal networks around scientists’ collections, and the processes and judgements that science and technology curators make every day when choosing what could be important for defining our history. Using the Stephen Hawking office as a case study the article explores the representation of scientific practice in museum collections, the relationship of some collections with celebrity and disability, and some of the challenges posed by science and technology acquisitions compared to other types of museum object. The paper explores how knowledge is generated in museum collections, through the act of acquiring a new collection. It asks fundamental questions, which are essential to the fields of museology and science and technology studies, about the contribution to knowledge made by personal scientific objects. It goes beyond the study of collections as artefacts of display in exhibitions and galleries, providing a detailed analysis of a routine but often-neglected aspect of behind-the-scenes museum work: the acquisition of a collection. Arguing that a large and complex collection is a vital tool for understanding the complexity of science, the paper uses the ‘museum as method’ (Thomas, 2016) which prioritises simple curatorial questions and the use of the objects in exploration; this enables scholars and curators to respond to material evidence of scientific knowledge, and identify narratives that are prioritised, and others that are obscured, in the historic record. In doing so, it suggests that curators are uniquely placed to provide insights into the roles of human and non-human actors in the construction of scientific knowledge, demonstrating how the Hawking collection allows us to explore the nature of scientific practice, the creation of scientific celebrity, and the potential to give visibility to disability within the history of science whilst de-centring the myth of the scientific genius in museum narratives.

The perception on physical activity among students

Background and Study Aim. Questionnaires are useful tools for assessing the level of physical activity in the general population due to their brevity, ease of understanding, and ease of application. The aim of our study is to subjectively assess the physical activity of participants using the self-report scale of the Godin–Shepard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. Material and Methods. The study involved 299 undergraduate and graduate students from Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava (Romania). In their academic activities, they typically engage in between 4 and 6 hours of practice. Additionally, many respondents participate in various physical activities, totalling another 4 to 8 hours of physical activity per week. The questionnaire consists of three questions regarding the level of physical activity (intense, moderate, low). It aims to collect data for the past 7 days for each physical activity lasting at least 15 minutes. Results. The intergroup analysis of the data showed statistical significance in the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for three out of six analyzed situations: graduate males versus graduate females, undergraduate males versus undergraduate females, and graduate males versus undergraduate males (p < 0.001). In the study, data concerning the level of physical activity among students were collected. Data analysis showed that over 80% (240 out of 299) of the respondents are moderately active or active. Statistically significant differences were observed only by study level and gender. While there was a notable difference of 10 points between males and females, it did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions. We can conclude that physical activity is an important aspect of students' daily routines. However, awareness programs are necessary to encourage them to remain physically active. These programs also promote the benefits of physical activity for physical, mental, and social well-being, as well as overall quality of life.

Supporting athletes during a challenging situation: recommendations from a global insight of COVID-19 home-based training experience.

For athletes, overcoming obstacles in challenging situations like pandemic home training is crucial. Strategies and approaches in this context are not well-documented. Our study aims to investigate such a scenario from a performance standpoint, based on a major global crisis: the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. This cross-sectional study surveyed athletes without disabilities using online questionnaires (35 languages) from May to July 2020. Questions included aspects of alternative routines, training monitoring, recovery, sleep patterns, injury occurrence/prevention based on structured answers, and an open-ended question on lockdown training experiences. Of the 11,762 athletes from 142 countries, 63% were male, including at World-Class, International, National, State and Recreational levels. During lockdown, 25% athletes used innovative or modern ways to maintain or improve fitness e.g., virtual reality and tracking devices (favoring World-Class level, 30%). Many athletes, regardless of gender (43%) watched video competitions to improve/maintain their mental skills and performance [World-Class (47%) and International (51%)]. Contact frequency between athletes and their coaches was mainly at least once a week (36%), more among higher-level (World-Class/International) than lower-level athletes (27 vs. 16%). Higher-level athletes (≥ 54%) monitored training load and were assisted by their coaches (21%). During lockdown, stretching (67%) was considered one of the primary means of recovery, especially for higher-level athletes (> 70%). Compared to pre-lockdown, about two-thirds of athletes reported "normal" or "improved" sleep quality and quantity, suggesting a low sleep quality pre-lockdown. On average, 40% utilized injury prevention exercises (at least) once a week [World-Class (51%) and International (39%)]. Most injury occurrences during lockdown involved the knee (18%), ankle (16%), and back (9%). Four key themes emerged regarding lockdown experiences: remote training adaptation (e.g., shifting training focus), training creativity (e.g., using household items), performance enhancement opportunities (e.g., refocusing neglected aspects), and mental and motivation challenges. Both male and female athletes, particularly those of higher levels, displayed some adaptalibity during the COVID-19 lockdown, employing innovative approaches and technology for training. Many athletes implemented load monitoring, recovery, and attentive of injury prevention, while optimizing their sleep quality and quantity. Athletes demonstrated their abilities to navigate challenges, and utilized different coping strategies in response to the lockdown's constraints.

Temporal displacement and spatial unbinding of commuting in the Brno Metropolitan Area

AbstractCommuting is generally considered a routine aspect of daily life. As a result of the growing importance of the tertiary sector in the economy, the increasing flexibility of work arrangements, and other individual factors, there has been a noticeable change in commuting patterns, both in terms of time and place. This study aims to characterise the spatio‐temporal practices employed in commuting. We describe these spatio‐temporal practices using spatio‐temporal rhythms enforced among individuals in the case of the Brno Metropolitan Area. To achieve the results we use questionnaire surveys and semi‐structured interviews. The results indicate that the major morning and afternoon commuting flows are spread out over several hours. The afternoon commute is more distributed in time. The phenomenon of the daily commute is clearly weakened. Part of the population commutes to work only some days of the week. Also, the spatial dimension of commuting is diverse, as many originally non‐working places become centres where people commute, such as a café or a hotel. It turns out that commuters typically chain trips when commuting. In this paper, we demonstrate several specific practices associated with these movements, such as commuting to someone's house to work, commuting to a café or realising long‐distance commuting. The observed commuting characteristics are then referred to by the terms of temporal displacement and spatial unbinding of commuting.

L2 Pragmatic Competence in Chinese EFL Routines. Yuqi Wang (2023) Singapore, Springer, 144 pages, ISBN 978-981-19-6351-3

Pragmatic routines have long been considered essential tools for second/foreign language (L2) learners’ pragmatic competence and language use (Taguchi & Roever, 2017). However, the current literature is largely confined to the recognition, comprehension, and production of formulaic routines without considering the role of task modality in learners’ cognitive processing of such chunks (Roever, 2012). To fill this gap, in this monograph entitled “L2 Pragmatic Competence in Chinese EFL Routines”, Wang takes a cross-sectional approach to study L2 pragmatic routines of Chinese learners in light of pragmatic multimodality and the socio-cognitive perspective. In doing so, the author scrutinizes the mediating role of proficiency and study abroad experience in different aspects of pragmatic routines’ competence. This resource expands the scope of research on L2 pragmatic routines by integrating multidimensional pragmatic modalities into the study of routines as core constructs of pragmatic competence. It helps English as a foreign language (EFL) learners, teachers, researchers, and teacher trainers to actively focus on the promotion of L2 pragmatic routines. Moreover, this monograph presents some theories and practices that EFL educators may draw on to increase learners’ reception and production of routines in EFL contexts.

Exploring experiences and changes in daily and social activities among individuals with spinal cord injury during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study

Objectives: To explore experiences and changes in daily and social activities among individuals living with spinal cord injuries over the first 9 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: In this longitudinal qualitative study, data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with participants at four time points (June 2020, July 2020, August 2020, January 2021). Data were analyzed longitudinally using a recurrent cross-sectional approach. Results: The 22 participants had a mean age of 54 years, 13 were male. We identified three main themes: 1) ‘Dealing with the emotional impact of pandemic-related restrictions’ explored feelings of frustration, sources of anxiety, and the importance of adopting a positive mindset; 2) ‘Changing daily routines’ described aspects of normal routines that changed and ways of adapting to those changes; and 3) ‘Revisiting social engagement’ conveyed the struggles caused by a lack of social engagement and coping strategies to overcome them. Conclusion: This study explicates the changes experienced by the SCI community during various points of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants discussed feelings of frustration, anxiety, and gratitude. They described changes, challenges, and strategies used when navigating life during the pandemic. These findings can facilitate future research to address the challenges faced by this population.

Interrelation of practices and strategic routines in the performance of university research

Purpose: This study sheds light on the relationship between two perspectives, the strategy-as-practice (SAP) approach and the dynamic aspect of routines. We seek to understand how the interrelationship between practices and routines reflect on university corporate results. Methodology: We conducted a case study in a postgraduate program in management at a not-for-profit university focusing on university research activities. 42 interviews were carried out, 19 observations were made in formal and informal social events and institutional documents were collected from the program and from the governmental body that regulates stricto sensu postgraduate studies in Brazil. Originality: The existing research suggests the approximation of these perspectives – SAP and dynamic routines – and the need to integrate them to deepen the understanding of the strategic phenomenon. Main Results: Our results indicate that program strategies are aligned with regulatory and funding bodies and multiple practices and routines relate to and complement the range of research performance outcomes. Academic training, previous experiences and specific skills influence the behavior of actors, while tools and interactions play crucial roles in conducting research, shaping approaches and results, essential in academic research. Theoretical contributions: The article contributes through understandings about the existence of different interdependent and complementary relationships in the strategic process of a postgraduate program that condition the behavior of the actors involved and the research performance achieved.

Bringing the circular economy home – Insights from socio-technical perspectives on everyday consumption

Transitions toward a circular economy require a nuanced understanding of how change plays out in households in relation to the role of consumers and daily consumption practices. However, little policy and research attention has been paid to the complexities of achieving necessary transformations in everyday cultures of consumption and the possible challenges faced by citizens and householders in achieving a circular economy. As a result, we know little about how circular consumption practices are already emerging in everyday life and can be scaled up across society. Additionally, critical gaps in understanding exist concerning how rebound and spillover effects occur in daily practices and the role of social and material contexts in configuring possibilities for circular consumption. Addressing these gaps, we develop an agenda for attending to the social embeddedness and complexity of participating in the circular economy. This agenda includes several critical elements, including the examination of routine and habitual aspects of social life, dynamics of rebound and spillover effects within interconnected practices, and the impact of institutional-material arrangements and provisioning systems on how consumers use services and products in the performance of social practices. In discussing these elements we outline research gaps and recommendations for future CE policy and research that better appreciates the social and material dynamics of everyday life, with the aim of addressing critical scientific and societal knowledge gaps concerning circular consumption transformations.

Tailoring medical treatment in Pakistan: The promise of precision medicine

Madam, I am writing to discuss the rapidly evolving field of precision medicine (PM), an exciting and highly relevant topic that has garnered increasing attention in Pakistan in recent years. PM is an approach that considers individual differences in genetics, environment, and lifestyle to tailor medical treatment for each patient, rather than relying on a one-size-fits-all approach1. There are several potential benefits of PM for patients in Pakistan. By tailoring treatments to individual needs, PM can lead to more effective treatments and improved patient outcomes. For instance, a recent study found that PM approaches resulted in better outcomes for patients with head and neck cancer2. We can also see big applications of PM in diabetes, which is quite a common disease in Pakistan. PM can revolutionize diabetes care by utilizing genetics to inform diagnosis, therapy, drug dosage, monitoring, and treatment of complications, while it may not yet be widely used, it is expected to become a routine aspect of diabetes care in the near future3. In addition, PM can reduce healthcare costs in the long run by avoiding unnecessary treatments and hospitalizations4. Despite these benefits, the adoption of PM in Pakistan is still in its early stages. There is progress to be made in implementing PM in the country, and several challenges must be overcome such as investment in the infrastructure, training, research, and development required to make PM more widely available and affordable. One big issue regarding PM is its role in the public health domain, as public health experts have expressed doubts about prioritizing individualized approaches for treating sick individuals instead of population-based prevention programs that consider broader factors affecting health like behavior, environment, and society5. But populations managed by PM contribute to a vast amount of data with their unique genetic and socioeconomic traits. Through the analysis of this data using more modern technology, such as machine learning, high risk people may be predicted, which is a game-changer for public health6. To achieve this reality of PM, there is a need to invest in infrastructure, training, and research in this field. In conclusion, PM has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by providing personalized treatment options based on individual factors such as genetics and lifestyle. While there are challenges to implementing PM in LMICs, the field is advancing rapidly, and ongoing research is providing hope for the bright future of personalized medicine in Pakistan.

Advancing reproducibility can ease the 'hard truths' ofsynthetic biology.

Reproducibility has been identified as an outstanding challenge in science, and the field of synthetic biology is no exception. Meeting this challenge is critical to allow the transformative technological capabilities emerging from this field to reach their full potential to benefit the society. We discuss the current state of reproducibility in synthetic biology and how improvements can address some of the central shortcomings in the field. We argue that the successful adoption of reproducibility as a routine aspect of research and development requires commitment spanning researchers and relevant institutions via education, incentivization and investment in related infrastructure. The urgency of this topic pervades synthetic biology as it strives to advance fundamental insights and unlock new capabilities for safe, secure and scalable applications of biotechnology. Graphical Abstract.

Can collaboration among health and social care workers play a role in addressing geriatric care challenges? A qualitative case study in Central Vietnam.

Vietnam's healthcare system offers limited services and facilities for older adults. This study explored the perceptions of health and social care workers regarding geriatric care issues, their impact on older adults and the potential of collaboration for enhancing older adults' health and well-being. This qualitative case study employed 27 focus group discussions and two in-depth interviews with 174 participants in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted. According to the participants, the major challenges that hindered geriatric care consisted of caregiver and care recipient issues, which were identified to constrain care accessibility, resulting in decreased physical, mental and social health. Across different settings and professions, collaboration was considered a routine and natural aspect of daily work. It was perceived that establishing and strengthening collaboration could facilitate improvement in health and social welfare services through the prioritization of needs and enhancement of caregiver skills and training. Collaboration was viewed as ad hoc but indispensable for addressing the identified geriatric care issues that could improve the general health and well-being of older adults. The findings indicate a need for better collaboration in Vietnam, achieved through defined guidelines, training and improved interprofessional education and practice.

A window into your status: Environment-based social class’s effect on virtual leadership

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, videoconferencing has become a prominent aspect of many daily work routines. Despite the benefits of this development, scholars have argued that research should consider how trends that emerged during the pandemic may exacerbate pre-existing inequalities. As such, we draw upon evolutionary signaling theory to examine how videoconferencing technology may inadvertently signal one’s social class position, affect judgments of informal leadership and follower performance, and become mechanisms of inequality in the workforce. Through an initial field study (Study 1), our results suggest that people’s home working environments feature various signals that correspond with their social class position. Our subsequent experimental studies (Studies 2 and 3) and meta-analytic summary show that once a window is opened into an employee's home environment, it can lead others to form inferences about their competence, which affects the likelihood that they emerge as a leader and followers’ task performance. Extending evolutionary signaling theory, results show that participants were influenced by the environment-based social class signals even when they knew these were fake, virtual backgrounds. Thus, these subtle environment-based social class signals reflect novel pathways to inequality that likely are relevant as virtual leadership and videoconferencing become part of the “new normal”.

Offending Patterns in Cases of Sexual Violence Committed by Multiple Perpetrators

ABSTRACT Sexual violence committed by multiple perpetrators is a particularly worrying phenomenon given that the severity of psychopathological sequelae for the victims are increased when the sexual offense is committed by more than one offender. Preliminary studies showed that sexual violence committed by solo offenders is different from that of duos or groups of offenders. This study explores the heterogeneity within 983 cases of sexual violence committed by multiple perpetrators, with a focus not only on offenders’ modus operandi, but also victims’ routine activities and situational aspects of the crime. Results from a latent class analysis identified four offending patterns: sexual violence committed by multiple perpetrators where: 1) stranger victims were randomly selected; 2) offenders were geographically mobile; 3) victims were assaulted during social events; and 4) offenders were non-sexually motivated. Findings help identify situational characteristics interacting with offenders’ behaviors and victims’ routine activities associated with sexual violence committed by multiple perpetrators. The implications regarding the heterogeneity of criminal patterns in these forms of violence is discussed in relation to police practice, situational crime prevention strategies, and future research.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Graphic Design

If the Industrial Revolution has enabled the replacement of humans with machines, the digital revolution is moving towards replacing our brains with artificial intelligence, so it is necessary to consider how this radical transformation affects the graphic design ecosystem. Hence, the research problem emerged (what are the effects of artificial intelligence on graphic design) and the research aimed to know the capabilities and effects of artificial intelligence applications in graphic design, and the study dealt in its theoretical framework with two main axes, the first is the concept of artificial intelligence, and the second is artificial intelligence applications in graphic design. The descriptive approach adopted a method of content analysis to analyze three research samples to reach a number of results and conclusions, including:1- Due to the employment of artificial intelligence in graphic design, it has facilitated the designer's work in some routine design aspects and made him focus on the creative aspects of design more broadly.2- 2- As a result of the rapid scientific progress, the issue of creative awareness when applying artificial intelligence will be a temporary problem that can be overcome in the future and will accelerate the creative competition between it and the graphic designer

Contributions of the Ford model and the Toyota model to support problem-solving solutions in business routines

Through an analytical reading of Henry Ford's book "My Life and Work" and the book "The Toyota Way: 14 Management Principles from the World's Greatest Manufacturer," this article presents a compilation of factors that shape thinking and action in solving routine problems in companies. Having compiled the researched principles, techniques, tools, and business practices, the authors provide an adaptation for the present day. Thus, we understand the importance of reflecting on possible ways to solve routine problems such as general waste, product/service quality issues, low efficiency, and disruptions in workflows, as well as concerns about various aspects of organizational routines. These problems hinder companies from achieving their performance objectives, drive customers away, reduce profits, and compromise their image in the market, ultimately losing competitiveness in this highly competitive segment. Based on this context, this research becomes justifiable for generating competitive advantages in companies.