Aspects Of Psychological Well-being Research Articles

Optimal Well-Being after Major Depression.

Can people achieve optimal well-being and thrive after major depression? Contemporary epidemiology dismisses this possibility, viewing depression as a recurrent, burdensome condition with a bleak prognosis. To estimate the prevalence of thriving after depression in United States adults, we used data from the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) study. To count as thriving after depression, a person had to exhibit no evidence of major depression, and had to exceed cut offs across nine facets of psychological well-being that characterize the top 25% of US nondepressed adults. Overall, nearly 10% of adults with study documented depression were thriving ten years later. The phenomenon of thriving after depression has implications for how the prognosis of depression is conceptualized and for how mental health professionals communicate with patients. Knowing what makes thriving outcomes possible offers new leverage points to help reduce the global burden of depression.

Performance Evaluation of LEED-certified Affordable Homes: Case Study of LEED-certified Habitat for Humanity

Despite the rapid growth in the number of LEED-certified homes, little data is currently available about the actual effects of LEED-certified affordable homes. The purpose of present study is to conduct a comprehensive performance evaluation for LEED-certified Habitat for Humanity residences in terms of (1) energy efficiency, (2) indoor environmental quality, (3) health impact, (4) residential satisfaction, (5) quality of life, and (6) environmental attitudes and behaviors. A case study was conducted with 15 households living in LEED-certified Habitat for Humanity homes in Kent County, Michigan using observation, in-depth interviews, and surveys. Findings revealed overall housing satisfaction was very high although some residents indicated lower satisfaction with their neighborhood. Most of case study homes had 30-50% lower electricity and natural gas bills. Most participants were satisfied with indoor environmental quality (IEQ) including thermal comfort, indoor air quality, amount daylight, quality of artificial lighting, and acoustical condition. Most participants agreed that since moving into their current homes they have experienced improved family relationships, better health conditions, more positive attitudes, and better performance of their children. The major findings of this case study support the positive effects of LEED-certified low-income homes on residents’ behavioral, social, and psychological aspects of well-being.

A contested terrain: Re/conceptualising the well-being of homeworkers

AbstractDisenchantment with traditional income-based measures of well-being has led to the search for alternative measures. Two major alternative measures of well-being come from subjective well-being research and the objective capability approach. The capability approach has been largely discussed in the context of development studies and economics and is mainly used within quantitative frameworks, but it also raises many questions that are worthy of discussion from a sociological perspective as well. This study opts for a qualitative approach to transpose capability approach in order to assess the well-being of female homeworkers in the football industry of Pakistan. The aim of this empirical research is to focus on the capabilities of homeworkers in accessing economic, individual, social and psychological aspects of well-being.

“Because I am worth it and employable”: A cross-cultural study on self-esteem and employability orientation as personal resources for psychological well-being at work

Building on the Conservation of Resources (COR) framework (Hobfoll American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524, 1989), employability can be conceived as a personal resource that, similarly to core self-evaluation concepts such as self-esteem, relates favourably to a wide array of both work-related and more general well-being outcomes. We carried out a survey involving 254 Italian and 254 Finnish employees via a self-report questionnaire to investigate whether employability orientation acted as a mediator on the well-established relationship between self-esteem and psychological well-being. Results indicated that self-esteem was positively associated with employability orientation; moreover, country moderated such relationship, given that the association between these two variables was stronger among Italian than Finnish employees. Furthermore, self-esteem predicted different facets of psychological well-being at work (job satisfaction, vigour, emotional exhaustion, psychological symptoms) in both countries. We investigated both the mediated effect of employability orientation on the association between self-esteem and psychological well-being and the possible moderating effect originated by the country of origin of respondents. In several cases, employability orientation partly mediated the effects of self-esteem on psychological well-being. Findings confirm self-esteem and employability to be personal resources that are likely to affect positively psychological well-being at work.

Using Islamic Meditation Tradition “Suluk” Model for Mental Health

Islamic meditation tradition (Suluk) has been practiced in religiosity context, but it is rarely used as research object in Health and Psychology Sciences. Many efforts and practices of psychology therapy have been done to have energies and well-being, nonetheless, the Islamic Mediation Tradition seldom discussed. This research was conducted to find the degree of the relationship between the practice of suluk, religiosity, management of the six basic energies and psychological well-being among the saliks practicing suluk at Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah and those who are non-saliks. This research applied the mixed method of quantitative method and qualitative method. The study findings from the qualitative analysis are as follows. The practice of suluk is significantly related to the psychological well-being among the saliks and non-saliks (β = .765; p < .01) and all its aspects, that is, autonomy (β = .751; p <.01), control of environment (β = .525; p < .01), personal growth (β = .520; p < .01), positive relationship with others (β=.598; p < .01), purpose in life (β = 744; p < .01), and self-acceptance (β = .687; p < .01).First, the saliks and non-saliks have intrinsic religiosity. Second, the management of physical energy has constructive as well as destructive effects on saliks and non-saliks. Then, the management of the instinctive energy, intellectual energy, emotional energy and transcendental energy have constructive effects on them. Meanwhile, the management of spiritual energy has constructive effects on the saliks, but has constructive as well as destructive effects on the non-saliks. Third, all aspects of psychological well-being have positive effects on the saliks, but have positive and negative influences on the non-saliks.

“You Just Don't Understand Me!” Determinants of Second Generation Asian and Latino Youth Self‐Esteem

AbstractTo understand the integration of second‐generation Asians and Latinos, we study the association between acculturation and self‐esteem, an aspect of psychological wellbeing and belongingness. Using data from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study (CILS), we find that Asians have lower self‐esteem than Latinos. Females, youth who are from lower socioeconomic status families, have been in the US for less than five years, have lower grade point averages, experience discrimination, or experience more family conflict, are at risk for lower self‐esteem. For Asians, identifying as American is associated with higher self‐esteem than identifying by nationality or having a hyphenated identity, but it does not provide a similar benefit to Latinos. Both groups benefit from being fluently bilingual, whereas English‐language dominance is protective only for Asian youths’ self‐esteem. Our analysis nuances the role that acculturation factors play in adolescent self‐esteem, signalling that future research should consider interactions between acculturation and race/ethnicity.

The Relationship Between Peer Attachment and Psychological Well - Being Of University Students

This quantitative study was aimed to determine the relationship between peer attachment and psychological well-being of university students. The subjects of this study were 69 university students from 20 to 29 years old. The measurements were Scale of Psychological Well-being (SPW; I± = 0,805) based on six aspects of psychological well-being from Ryff & Keyes (1989) and Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) subscale Peer Attachment (I± = 0,903), scale was adapted based on three aspects from Armsden and Greenberg (1987). The results of this study showed a positive relationship between peer attachment and psychological well-being of university students, r = 0,382 and p = 0.001 (p<0.01). These findings suggest that psychological well-being was affected by peer attachment. Â Key words: psychological well-being, peer attachment, university students

Distinguishing Relational Aspects of Character Strengths with Subjective and Psychological Well-being.

Research has shown that character strengths are positively linked with well-being in general. However, there has not been a fine-grained analysis up to date. This study examines the individual relational aspects between the 24 character strengths, subjective well-being (SWB), and different aspects of psychological well-being (PWB) at two times of measurement (N = 117). Results showed that overall the “good character” was significantly stronger related with PWB than with SWB. The character strength “hope” was at least moderately correlated with the PWB aspects meaning, optimism and autonomy, and “zest” with the PWB aspects relationships and engagement. “Persistence” showed the highest correlation with the PWB aspect mastery. Out of the 24 character strengths, the happiness-related strengths (hope, zest, gratitude, curiosity, and love) were more likely to correlate with PWB and SWB than any other character strength. This study offers a more fine-grained and thorough understanding of specific relational aspects between the 24 character strengths and a broad range of well-being aspects. Future studies should take up a detailed strategy when exploring relationships between character strengths and well-being.

Contributions of Social Comparison and Self-Objectification in Mediating Associations Between Facebook Use and Emergent Adults' Psychological Well-Being.

Although Facebook was created to help people feel connected with each other, data indicate that regular usage has both negative and positive connections to well-being. To explore these mixed results, we tested the role of social comparison and self-objectification as possible mediators of the link between Facebook use and three facets of psychological well-being: self-esteem, mental health, and body shame. Participants were 1,104 undergraduate women and men who completed surveys assessing their Facebook usage (minutes, passive use, and active use), social comparison, self-objectification, and well-being. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, testing separate models for women and men. Models for each gender fit the data well. For women and men, Facebook use was associated with greater social comparison and greater self-objectification, which, in turn, was each related to lower self-esteem, poorer mental health, and greater body shame. Mediated models provided better fits to the data than models testing direct pathways to the mediators and well-being variables. Implications are discussed for young people's social media use, and future directions are provided.

Endometriosis Psychological Aspects: A Literature Review

IntroductionCurrent evidence suggests that endometriosis imposes a considerable psychological burden on the affected women. This study was aimed to review this evidence.MethodsA comprehensive electronic search was performed in Science direct, Medline/ PubMed, PsychINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Clinical Trials, Scopus, Google scholar, Magiran and SID (Scientific Information Database) up to December, 15, 2016. Methodological quality of retrieved studies was assessed using a valid checklist. The main findings with regard to the objective of this review are extracted and summarized in tables.ResultsA total of 24 studies were included in the review from which, 23 used quantitative method and 1 used qualitative. Key findings of all studies showed that endometriosis reduces various aspects of psychological well-being.ConclusionsPsychological interventions ranging from screening, providing consultation to psychiatric treatment prescriptions as same as the social supports such as work incentives should be integrated to endometriosis management protocols.

Whose Support Matters? Support of Friends (but Not Family) May Predict Affect and Wellbeing of Adults Faced With Negative Life Events

Research on resilience has shown that resilient individuals possess a variety of internal characteristics (e.g., hardiness and reflectiveness) and a mixture of external characteristics (e.g., social contact and relationship recruiting) that interact to promote resilience. This research examined the relationship between social support of friends, social support of family, and resiliency to further understand the impact of social contact on psychological health and wellbeing. Study 1 showed that in the face of self-reported difficult life circumstances, friend support (but not family support) predicts most aspects of psychological wellbeing. Similarly, Study 2 found that previous reports of friend (but not family) support predicted positive affect for participants in a simulated achievement rejection experimental condition. Taken together, these studies suggest that among adults, perceived social support from friends may be more impactful than social support from family.

Psychological wellbeing and self-esteem in students across the transition between secondary school and university: A longitudinal study

This longitudinal study investigated the psychological wellbeing and self-esteem of students during the transition between secondary school and university. The sample comprised 197 students (82 male; 115 female). The mean age of the students at the start of the study was 18.54 years (SD = 0.78). Students completed measures of psychological wellbeing (Ryff Psychological Wellbeing Scale) and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale) during their final year of secondary school and again at the start of their university studies. Repeated measures (RM) multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to investigate how transition status and gender affected aspects of psychological wellbeing and self-esteem. Multivariate analysis showed main effect of the transition from school to university on psychological wellbeing and self-esteem. Univariate analysis indicated that psychological wellbeing was higher at the start of university studies than during the final year of secondary school, but failed to confirm the effect of the transition on self-esteem. Gender by transition status interactions for two psychological wellbeing dimensions (autonomy and purpose in life) were found.

Psychological Well Being In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients In Mulyorejo Public Health Center Surabaya

Introduction: Living with chronic diseases such as Diabetes mellitus type 2 will make patients experience change or imbalance include biological, psychological, social and spiritual. One of psychology aspects in patients with Diabetes mellitus type 2 is psychological well being (PWB). Emotional response of type 2 DM patients since the early diagnosis to begin undergoing the treatment will be different for each person. Type 2 DM patients need a good transition process to achieve well being state. The transition from a healthy to a diseased condition is needed for the successful self care management of type 2 DM patients. The purpose of this research was to explore the description of PWB in patients of type 2 Diabetes mellitus in six aspects of PWB and PWB facilitate and inhibitor factors in type 2 DM patients. Methods: This research used qualitative design research with case studies approach. The subject of research was seven participants who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection was done by structured interview and observation. Data analysis was done by thematic analysis. Result and Analysis: This study generated 14 themes. The result showed that the process of type 2 DM patients subjected to the process of transition from a healthy condition into ill condition. The transition process started with cyclic lose response which influence type 2 DM patient to self control and make a right decision-making to self care. Self-control would make type 2 DM patients able to adapt and engage with new experiences that become a new habit for type 2 DM patients and will facilitate type 2 DM patients in adapting to the internal and external environment and make type 2 DM patients have a positive hope in their life. Discuss and conclusion: finding in this study would hopefully be beneficial for professional health staff to make assessment about PWB in type 2 DM patients, nurse hopefully can assist patients in transition with the condition of type 2 DM. Need further research about the relation between self acceptance and self control, activation process till engagement to new habit in type 2 DM patients, perceived support to PWB in type 2 DM patient DM.Keywords: psychological well being, type 2 Diabetes mellitus, qualitative

Kesejahteraan Psikologis pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Mulyorejo Surabaya

Introduction: Living with chronic diseases such as Diabetes mellitus type 2 will make patients experience change or imbalance include biological, psychological, social and spiritual. One of psychology aspects in patients with Diabetes mellitus type 2 is psychological well being (PWB). Emotional response of type 2 DM patients since the early diagnosis to begin undergoing the treatment will be different for each person. Type 2 DM patients need a good transition process to achieve well being state. The transition from a healthy to a diseased condition is needed for the successful self care management of type 2 DM patients. The purpose of this research was to explore the description of PWB in patients of type 2 Diabetes mellitus in six aspects of PWB and PWB facilitate and inhibitor factors in type 2 DM patients.Methods: This research used qualitative design research with case studies approach. The subject of research was seven participants who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection was done by structured interview and observation. Data analysis was done by thematic analysis.Result and Analysis: This study generated 14 themes. The result showed that the process of type 2 DM patients subjected to the process of transition from a healthy condition into ill condition. The transition process started with cyclic lose response which influence type 2 DM patient to self control and make a right decision-making to self care. Self-control would make type 2 DM patients able to adapt and engage with new experiences that become a new habit for type 2 DM patients and will facilitate type 2 DM patients in adapting to the internal and external environment and make type 2 DM patients have a positive hope in their life.Conclusion: finding in this study would hopefully be beneficial for professional health staff to make assessment about PWB in type 2 DM patients, nurse hopefully can assist patients in transition with the condition of type 2 DM. Need further research about the relation between self acceptance and self control, activation process till engagement to new habit in type 2 DM patients, perceived support to PWB in type 2 DM patient DM.

Psychological aspects of well-being and socio-demographic values: results from European Social Survey

The aim of the study is to explore links between happiness, optimism, resilience and meaningfulness, and socio-demographic factors in 25 European countries. Research methods. Experts-generated single-item questions from European Social Survey round 6 were used to assess happiness, optimism, resilience, meaningfulness in life. Results. Greater number of years of completed education relates to higher scores of happiness, optimism, meaningfulness and resilience in most European countries. However, in Western Europe and Scandinavian countries age does not relate or positively relates with psychological aspects of well-being, however in most Post-Soviet countries this relationship is negative.&#x0D; Conclusions. Happiness, optimism, meaningfulness and resilience in most European countries were related to age and years of completed education with no specific differences between regions.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: optimism; resilience; happiness; meaningfulness; demographics&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Frailty, pain and psychological variables among older adults living in Hong Kong nursing homes: can we do better to address multimorbidities?

Introduction In view of the high prevalence of pain among older adults and the reversibility of frailty, it is important to explore the relationship between pain, frailty and psychological parameters in order to devise patient-centred interventions. Aim To examine the levels of frailty, pain and psychological parameters among older adults living in Hong Kong nursing homes, and the cross-sectional relationships among these items. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 178 residents from six nursing homes. Frailty, pain, mobility, happiness, loneliness and life satisfaction of participants were assessed using validated questionnaires. Results A multiple linear regression (R(2) =0.338, P<0.05) showed that the frailty index was associated with loneliness, functional mobility and gender. Among these significant variables, loneliness was the factor that contributed the most to the frailty index. Discussion It is essential to put the focus of healthcare on both the physical and psychological aspects of well-being. Findings suggest that apart from improving mobility and reducing pain, loneliness could be a target of psychosocial interventions to reduce frailty and improve quality of life. Implications for practice It is advised that nursing care should address loneliness, especially the problem of social loneliness among older adults particularly those living in nursing homes.

Long-term mindfulness training is associated with reliable differences in resting respiration rate.

Respiration rate is known to correlate with aspects of psychological well-being, and attention to respiration is a central component of mindfulness meditation training. Both traditional contemplative systems and recent empirical evidence support an association between formal mindfulness practice and decreased respiration rate. However, the question of whether long-term mindfulness training is associated with stable, generalized changes in respiration has yet to be directly investigated. We analyzed respiration patterns across multiple time points, separated by two months or more, in a group of long-term mindfulness meditation practitioners (LTMs, n = 31) and a matched group of non-meditators (Controls, n = 38). On average, LTMs showed slower baseline respiration rate (RR) than Controls. Among LTMs, greater practice experience was associated with slower RR, independently of age and gender. Furthermore, this association was specific to intensive retreat practice, and was not seen for routine daily practice. Full days of meditation practice did not produce detectable changes in baseline RR, suggesting distal rather than immediate effects. All effects were independent of physiological characteristics including height, weight, body-mass index and waist-hip ratio. We discuss implications for continued study of the long-term effects of mindfulness training on health and well-being.

El trastorno por estrés postraumático en los supervivientes al cáncer: una revisión de los tratamientos psicológicos disponibles

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) appears frequently in cancer survivors, but not all survivors meet the criteria propo­sed by the DSM-V to be diagnosed with PTSD. This situation may lead an underestimation of the problem and furthermore, in this patient group, PTSD is related with different aspects of psychological well-being, such as depres­sion, anxiety or quality of life, However, the­re are only a few psychological interventions designed to reduce these symptoms in cancer survivors. Method: A review of the psychological treatments available for PTSD in cancer sur­vivors in the last 10 years was performed. The data bases used were PubMed, Web of Science (WOS) and PsycInfo with the following des­criptors: PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) treatment cancer survivors y PTSS (posttrau­matic stress symptoms) treatment cancer sur­vivors. Results: The psychological interventions with more evidence are: cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness, ahead other strate­gies such as stress management training, neu­ro-emotional therapy, coping skills training and counseling. Conclusions: Despite the relevance of PTSD in this patients group, psychological interventions needs more evidence to establish their efficacy to reduce these symptoms in survivors.

Occupation as a factor of personality subjective wellbeing

IntroductionSubjective well-being is an important issue in social development because experience of ones own personal well-being is a prerequisite for the persons successful functioning in society.Two traditions that contributed to the growth of interest in the phenomenon of psychological well-being should be highlighted:* Hedonistic tradition, which focuses on such constructs as pleasure, happiness, positive impact and life satisfaction (N.M. Bradburn, E. Diener, D. Kahneman, E. Diener, N. Schwarz, S. Lyubomirsky, H.S. Lepper);* Eudaemonism, which considers human longing for happiness to be fundamental in his behavior (C.R. Rogers, C.D. Ryff, A.S. Waterman).Following these traditions, there exist two perspectives that analyze the phenomenon of psychological well-being from various angles (Lopez & Snyder, 2009). The first perspective is based on the eudemonistic approach (Ruff & Keyes, 1995), which considers well-being to be the ultimate goal of human existence and functioning. The second stance that originates in the hedonistic approach relates to subjective well-being theory, also known as the theory of emotional well-being suggested by E. Dienerand his colleagues (Diener, 1984; Diener, Suh, Lucas S Parducci,1995).In other words, people are happy if they consider themselves to be happy.Second, well-being comprises emotional states (i.e., psychologically secure people are likely to experience positive emotions such as happiness and joy and are unlikely to have negative emotions such as sadness and anger) (Argyle, 1987; Diener & Larsen, 1993; Larsen & Diener, 1992; Warr, 1987,1990).Third, psychological well-being is reflected in people's attitude towards life (Diener, 1994; Myers, 1992; Veenhoven, 1988).Carol Ryff defined the following aspects of psychological well-being: self-sufficiency, positive relationships with other people, life goals, self-realization, potential, and self-acceptance (Ryff, 1989). Multiple researchers then enriched this list with such aspects as the ability to successfully accomplish tasks (Foresight Mental Capital and Wellbeing Project, 2008), psychological capital, happiness (Pollard & Lee,2003), and life satisfaction (Diener & Suh, 1997; Seligman, 2002a, 2002b).The first attempt to define psychological well-being was made by N. Bradburn in 1969. His survey marked the shift from psychiatric diagnostics to a focus on ordinary peoples reactions. He observed how people tried to cope with hardships and everyday problems. In his works, N. Bradburn emphasized the importance of psychological well-being for overcoming hardships. He believed that a person could be psychologically well only if his positive emotions overpowered negative emotions (Bradburn, 1969).Generally, sensations play a dominant role in theories of subjective well-being. These sensations have been addressed in the works of E. Diener and E. Suh. They argued that subjective well-being consisted of three interconnected components: life satisfaction (cognitive sphere) and positive and negative emotions (affective sphere) (Diener & Suh, 1997). In addition to health benefits, positive emotions are closely associated with psychological wellness (Fredrickson, 2000). For example, strategies for personality psychological security, to a great extent, depend on a person's positive emotional state. Positive re-evaluating and adding meaning to ordinary events can act as stress relief. These strategies help people acquire crisis management (coping) skills that contribute not only to psychological security but also to overall psychological well-being. …

Influence of Home Environment on Adolescent Psychological Well-being

To analyze the pattern in which home environment affected various aspects of psychological well-being of adolescents,153 higher secondary school students were selected randomly from five schools of Kerala state. Data collected using psychological well-being scale and home environment inventory, on analysis, revealed significant correlations between the subscales of both measurements. As per multiple regressions, negative HE mainly affected the “interpersonal-relation” and “sociability” levels of adolescents. Disciplinary variables showed significant predictive power in “satisfaction”, “sociability”, and “interpersonal relationship” aspects of psychological well-being. Meanwhile, Positive HE variables exhibited significant predictive power in all the five aspects of psychological well-being. Demographic variables hadn’t any significant effect on psychological well-being. Counselors, parents, teachers and other caretakers will be benefitted from these revelations about the subtle environmental pathways into the psychological well-being of adolescents.