This article deals with various aspects of human trafficking which is a modern day slavery. The magnitude and impact of this transnational organized crime has been analysed and discussed by the author in this article. The article also highlights the major difference between the terms – human trafficking and human smuggling which are often used interchangeably even though they refer to specifically different criminal acts.The author further discusses the scope of trafficking into sexual slavery and the nature and magnitude of this lucrative trade which has become the third largest trade in the world after arms and drugs trafficking and is the core business of international criminal organizations that is carried out with virtual impunity.The author also highlights and discusses how the role of the organized crime groups and human trafficking is carried out by powerful, well-funded, well-organized and influential multinational criminal networks which are highly sophisticated and comprise local, national, regional and international “crime syndicates.” The author, in his research, also points out that the crime groups are also backed by corrupt government officials including politicians, law enforcement officers, immigration officials and members of the judiciary who accept bribes in the form of money, sexual favours and political support.Furthermore, the article explains the role of the international organizations in curbing human trafficking and discusses the role of Article 7 of the Rome Statute and the jurisdiction and role of International Criminal Court (ICC) in controlling and eradicating human trafficking.The author also explains in his article, the nature of recruitment, scam, sale, trade and exploitation of the victim and the manner in which the victims have fallen prey to this crime through various ways of trickery and deception. The article also discusses how children are being trapped for trafficking for sexual servitude, the vulnerability of children exposed to this crime and causes of sex trafficking.