Architectural Design Aspects Research Articles

The Planning and Design of Digital Smart Campus

Under the background of “Digital Liaoning, Smart Province,” as the application of a new generation of network information technology in colleges and universities, the digital smart campus is an important part of digital Liaoning education informationization. Combined with the overall actual situation of the university campus, in line with the principle of “People-oriented, Service-oriented, Information Interoperability and Data Sharing,” through the idea of “management + service,” the traditional application system with management as the core to the service as the core is realized. On the basis of digital information and networks, a new digital smart campus is built based on several information technologies. From the aspects of architecture design, platform and application integration, systematic overall design and scientific and reasonable deployment, to create an efficient one-stop digital intelligent information service platform to fully optimize the use of digital information resources, to provide timely, accurate and efficient campus information services for teachers, students and staff, and to provide cross-departmental business management and convenient information services for the whole school users through the virtual digital means for display and publicity. The overall planning of the campus is carried out step by step, and the campus network, digitalization, virtualization and intelligence are gradually realized. Expand the time and space dimension of the real campus, improve the overall operation efficiency, and then improve the quality of talent training, management level and management efficiency.

The Role of Sound in Shaping Architectural Spaces: A Multisensory Approach

The integration of sound within the built environment represents a pivotal yet often overlooked aspect of architectural design. This study explores the multifaceted dimensions of sound incorporation, emphasizing its potential to profoundly impact spatial experience and individual well-being. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, the study elucidates the diverse roles sound plays in shaping human perception, social interactions, and environmental quality. Sound, as a fundamental element of sensory experience, significantly influences our perception of space and place. Whether through the subtle ambiance of natural sounds or the deliberate orchestration of architectural acoustics, sound has the power to evoke emotions, establish atmosphere, and define spatial boundaries. Incorporating sound consciously into architectural processes presents opportunities to enhance the quality of life for inhabitants. By prioritizing acoustic comfort and fostering sonic diversity, designers can create environments that promote relaxation, productivity, and social cohesion. Furthermore, leveraging technology and design strategies enables the optimization of soundscapes to mitigate negative sounds and improve overall environmental sustainability.

Study on the Cultural Impact of Local Materials in Regional Architectural Design

As a result of globalization, architectural design has also integrated into the trend of becoming unified. However, regional architecture has become something that opposes unification, allowing each region to maintain its unique characteristics while also protecting the environment. This research focuses on the cultural meaning of natural materials utilization in regional architectural design, allocating the specifics for how the local materials influence both ecological and cultural importance. Positive results arrived at by case studies of architects who used local materials in architecture confirm the role of local architecture as a mediator between cultural heritage and sustainable development. Utilizing literature analysis as a mode of study to critically examine the historical background, technological advancement, and socio-economic condition helps the stimulation of regional architecture. The research elaborates on the importance of using regional materials as a way to develop architectural practices that reflect cultural identity as well as to ensure the ecology of the area. Finally, the paper gives a brief discussion on the future development direction and trends in the regional cultural aspects of architecture design.

The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Architectural Visualization Enhances Augmented Realism and Interactivity

The construction industry is an important part of the national economic market of various countries; since 2013, the construction industry's added value in the gross domestic product has been more than 6%, reaching 6.89% in 2022, and is a pillar industry of the national economy. Intelligent construction is the realistic demand to promote the high-quality development of China's construction industry. It is the key focus of transforming and upgrading the traditional construction industry to information, digital, and intelligent. As a new production factor, construction robots have become the key to promoting intelligent construction. Under the guidance of various national and industry policies, thanks to China's huge construction market volume and rich application scenarios, many innovative and entrepreneurial entities have entered the field of construction robots. Architectural visualization is a crucial aspect of architectural design and communication. With the development of science and technology, artificial intelligence (AI) technology is increasingly becoming an essential tool for architectural visualization and communication. The emergence of AI technology has provided architects with more flexible and creative ways to present design ideas. All along, designers who love architecture have been passionate about exploring better solutions for architecture, but there is never an optimal solution for architectural design; AI is the fire of the future era; it brings us more opportunities but also forces us to face new challenges from the future.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT OF MULTI-STOREY HOUSING: A SKYVILLE @ DAWSON SINGAPORE CASE STUDY

Social and economic sustainability significantly affect the well-being of residents in high-rise vertical housing. Previous research has identified various complaints about poor relationships between residents, lack of interaction, and feelings of confinement. On the other hand, COVID-19 has limited interactions among residents in densely populated housing due to the high transmission rates of the disease. This study aims to conduct a content analysis of data on Skyville @ Dawson apartments from reliable sources, covering the period from 2009 to 2024. The research is conducted with the content analysis method, focusing on economic, social, and environmental aspects of Sustainable Architectural Design. From secondary and online data, it was found that WOHA designed Skyville @ Dawson to accommodate the behavioral needs of Singaporean society with several horizontal gardens on various floors, potentially securing interaction against COVID-19 through good building management. Therefore, this high-rise housing is an excellent example of the socio-economic development of upper-floor housing.

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СУЧАСНОЇ АРХІТЕКТУРИ У БУДІВЛЯХ ПСИХІАТРІЇ

The article highlights the importance of architecture to mental health and the impact of space design on emotional state and productivity. The study shows that architects are using innovative approaches, such as biophilic design, to create healing environments, and mental health is becoming more relevant in the context of current challenges, including the pandemic. The article also reveals the contribution of architect Thomas Story Kirkbride to the development of the concept of "moral healing" and the use of light and safe space planning as key elements in supporting mental health. It is suggested that the conscious use of design can contribute not only to the physical but also to the mental well-being of people. Considering the important aspects of architectural design that affect mental health. The use of natural light, the introduction of biophilic design and the creation of open, spacious layouts can have a positive impact on people's emotional state and overall mood. The article also highlights the importance of green spaces, noise reduction, and the choice of colours and materials for mental well-being. It is noted that therapeutic spaces and the concept of inclusive design are important components for creating psychologically supportive environments. Architecture is a key factor in solving mental health problems by understanding the needs of residents and taking into account their emotions and feelings.

Application Of CGANs (Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks) In Architecture

This research paper delves into the expansive applications of Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs) within the realm of architecture. Moving beyond traditional design methodologies, it investigates how cGANs can be employed to generate diverse architectural solutions that are both innovative and contextually responsive. While a portion of the study does focus on a case study involving generative design based on radiation analysis in Indore city, the scope of the research is much broader. It encompasses a comprehensive exploration of the potential of cGANs in various aspects of architectural design and planning. The paper also includes a demonstration of a generative design model, showcasing the capabilities of cGANs in creating optimized design outcomes. The findings underscore the transformative implications of integrating advanced machine learning techniques in architectural practice, heralding a new era of design that is adaptive, sustainable, and forward-thinking.

Reimagining space layout design through deep reinforcement learning

Abstract Space layout design is a critical aspect of architectural design, influencing functionality and aesthetics. The inherent combinatorial nature of layout design poses challenges for traditional planning approaches; thus, it demands the exploration of novel methods. This paper presents a novel framework that leverages the potential of deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms to optimize space layouts. RL has demonstrated remarkable success in addressing complex decision-making problems, yet its application in the design process remains relatively unexplored. We argue that RL is particularly well-suited for the design process due to its ability to accommodate offline tasks and seamless integration with existing computer-aided design software, effectively acting as a simulator for design exploration. Framing space layout design as an RL problem and employing RL methods allows for the automated exploration of the expansive design space, thereby enhancing the discovery of innovative solutions. This paper also elucidates the synergy between the design process and the RL problem, which opens new avenues for exploring the potential of RL algorithms in design. We aim to foster experimentation and collaboration within the RL and architecture communities. To facilitate our research, we have developed SpaceLayoutGym, an environment specifically designed for space layout design tasks. SpaceLayoutGym serves as a customizable environment that encapsulates the essential elements of the layout design process within an RL framework. To showcase the effectiveness of SpaceLayoutGym and the capabilities of RL as an artificial space layout designer, we employ the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm to train the RL agent in selected design scenarios with both geometrical constraints and topological objectives. The study further extends to contrast the effectiveness of PPO agents with that of genetic algorithms, and also includes a comparative analysis with existing layouts. Our results demonstrate the potential of RL to optimize space layouts, offering a promising direction for the future of artificial intelligence-aided design.

Transformational green sustainable concepts in the field of infrastructure

In this comprehensive study, we explore the multifaceted world of green sustainable construction, highlighting innovative techniques and materials. This article presents an insightful exploration of green sustainable construction, focusing on the crucial aspects of architectural design, judicious material selection, and the adoption of optimal structural designs. Through comprehensive literature research supplemented by practical examples, it highlights several innovative construction methodologies that are at the forefront of green sustainable development. These include the use of lightweight framing, cladding systems, autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), rammed earth, and straw bale construction, each contributing uniquely to environmental sustainability. The study brings to light the looming issue of raw material scarcity due to excessive exploitation, urging for sustainable material management in construction. It stresses the urgency of implementing effective pollution control measures within the construction sector, asserting that such practices are not just beneficial but essential for environmental conservation and sustainable development. This research contributes significantly to the field by providing a foundation for future exploration and advancements in sustainable construction practices.

Enhancing Sustainable Railway Station Design in Tropical Climates: Insights from Thailand’s Architectural Theses and Case Studies

An environmentally conscious architectural design of a railway station can have a substantial influence on government spending. Nevertheless, an extensive collection of guidelines for using sustainable design principles in the construction of a railway station can provide several advantages. The goal is to review design visions for railway stations in Thailand, as reflected in student theses and government proposals, from 1983 to 2022 for sustainable design aspects in tropical climates. We perform an analysis of architectural design aspects including service areas, shape, entrances, roofing, style, and development in order to uncover design trends and possible areas that may be enhanced. Station designs are mostly characterized by curved and gable roofs, with 3D curved buildings being the next most common feature. High speed rail (HSR) stations stress local cultural elements in their major entrances while also improving passenger flow. Public buildings frequently employ curved or gabled porticos to achieve a majestic look. Although university theses place a high importance on conceptual design and functionality, it is essential to also consider cost-effectiveness. Key design considerations for future railway stations are transparency, connection, efficient mobility, and cost–time efficiency. The research uncovers deficiencies in user-centered design for thermal comfort and inclusiveness (design-for-all) in Thailand’s tropical environment. Addressing these aspects is critical for future sustainable railway station design evaluations.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LAB PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION AS AN INTERNATIONAL DESIGN-BUILD STUDIO: TEACHING AND LEARNING EXPERIENCE

This working paper explores experiential learning and teaching experiences that aim to create socially responsible architects and buildings who prioritize sustainability and innovation and offer some questions for further research. The ideas presented in this work are the evaluation of a cross-cultural Design-Build studio established in 2022 by design units from universities in Ecuador, Chile, and Germany to reflect on various aspects of architectural design, civil engineering, management, and other aspects of sustainable construction that are often overlooked in traditional teaching programs. The Design-Build methodology, explores such potential linkages: 1-Interactive and dynamic learning environment allow to establish the design of an architectural project through a cooperative process, 2-The application through scientific inquiry and critical thinking of local construction techniques in international projects update the methods to comply with current building codes, and 3-Active involvement of the team planning in the construction of the building, allow to test and establish sustainable constructions methods that are suitable for informal self-build and can be reproduced by the local population. Over one hundred participants contributed to the completion of the building. A questionnaire was conducted to evaluate the academic experience. Most respondents reported an increase in their academic and practical knowledge in construction, as well as in architectural skills, self-confidence and personal skills.

A preliminary exploration into top-down and bottom-up deep-learning approaches to localising neuro-interventional point targets in volumetric MRI.

Point localisation is a critical aspect of many interventional planning procedures, specifically representing anatomical regions of interest or landmarks as individual points. This could be seen as analogous to the problem of visual search in cognitive psychology, in which this search is performed either: bottom-up, constructing increasingly abstract and coarse-resolution features over the entire image; or top-down, using contextual cues from the entire image to refine the scope of the region being investigated. Traditional convolutional neural networks use the former, but it is not clear if this is optimal. This article is a preliminary investigation as to how this motivation affects 3D point localisation in neuro-interventional planning. Two neuro-imaging datasets were collected: one for cortical point localisation for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and the other for sub-cortical anatomy localisation for deep brain stimulation. Four different frameworks were developed using top-down versus bottom-up paradigms as well as representing points as co-ordinates or heatmaps. These networks were applied to point localisation for transcranial magnetic stimulation and subcortical anatomy localisation. These networks were evaluated using cross-validation and a varying number of training datasets to analyse their sensitivity to quantity of training data. Each network shows increasing performance as the amount of available training data increases, with the co-ordinate-based top-down network consistently outperforming the others. Specifically, the top-down architectures tend to outperform the bottom-up ones. An analysis of their memory consumption also encourages the top-down co-ordinate based architecture as it requires significantly less memory than either bottom-up architectures or those representing their predictions via heatmaps. This paper is a preliminary foray into a fundamental aspect of machine learning architectural design: that of the top-down/bottom-up divide from cognitive psychology. Although there are additional considerations within the particular architectures investigated that could affect these results and the number of architectures investigated is limited, our results do indicate that the less commonly used top-down paradigm could lead to more efficient and effective architectures in the future.

Architecture design for civil aircraft hydraulic system

The hydraulic system is a highly complex system for civil aircraft. System Engineering is a method to solve complex and comprehensive problems. To reduce the development risk, this paper establishes a hydraulic system architecture design model based on system engineering using system ideas and analysis methods. With this model, several aspects of hydraulic system architecture design are discussed, including input, requirements analysis, functional analysis, system synthesis, and system balance.

Sanatorium and wellness environment of the city of Khabarovsk. Main development trends

The author examines the history of the development of the architecture of medical institutions and the principles of its placement in the planning structure of the city of Khabarovsk. The analysis of expansion and development of medical institutions of the city of Khabarovsk from the end of the XIX century to the present day is carried out. Numerous examples of buildings of medical institutions are given, showing the main stages of development of this type of structures in the locality under consideration. The author analyzes the change in stylistic and compositional preferences in the organization of medical and sanatorium institutions. The perspective ways of further transformation of the sanatorium system in the aspect of architectural and urban planning design, taking into account regional peculiarities, are analyzed. In the course of the work, the following trends in the design of sanatorium and rehabilitation centers in the city were identified: 1) large block organization of the building, the formation of complexes; 2) emphasis on the intensity of treatment, the use of day hospitals; 3) individualization of design solutions, rejection of stereotypical hospital forms; 4) the formation of a humane space with therapeutic potential; 5) ecological approach and harmony with the environment. A systematic and comprehensive analysis of the subject of the study also revealed the main requirements for the formation of such institutions, such as the development of functional zoning and planning organization, taking into account the features of functionally new departments of treatment rooms with complex equipment and numerous communications.

Typological aspects of urban architecture design based on the principle of hybridity

Introduction: This study provides scientific and theoretical principles for the formation of types of buildings and complexes based on programs of mixed functional (hybrid) use. Materials and Methods: The method of scientific and predictive classification of the design principles of multifunctional buildings and complexes of mixed hybrid structure is used. Results and Discussion: The article provides an analysis of practical examples of multifunctional and mixed urban development that form new architectural and spatial solutions for building types that change the situation in existing neighborhoods, streets, and public spaces. Conclusions: The factors of updating the typology of multifunctional buildings and complexes using the principles of hybridity, digital and information technologies are considered.

DEFINITION AND HIERARCHY OF ARCHITECTURE OBJECTS BASED ON SCENARIO DESIGN METHODS

Statement of the problem - a rather broad and contradictory interpretation of the concept of architectural objects has led to significant design contradictions in the real urban planning environment, the blurring of architectural tasks in the formation of buildings, complexes, ensembles and, as a result, to the loss of mechanisms for organizing the integral environment of cities.
 The analysis of research and publications shows a constant interest in the definition of architectural objects. It is this process of finding and clarifying the object of architectural activity that becomes the basis for new approaches to design, the detection of non-systemic phenomena that do not contribute to the integrity of the functioning and perception of urban spaces.
 The purpose of this publication is to define the concept of an architectural object based on the use of scenario methods, which cover various aspects of architectural design, which model the functional suitability, stability and reliability, and aesthetic expressiveness of the building.
 The novelty of the publication lies in the use of a hierarchical system of architectural objects against the background of understanding the tasks that arise when these objects actually enter the urban environment, ensuring the sustainable development of these objects over time. .
 The research methods are based on the comparative analysis of various approaches, in particular in the normative literature and the verification of the concepts of architectural objects expressed by various authors based on scenario methods and models. The result of the study is the systematization of architectural objects as a result of the creation of a hierarchical model of architectural objects. Moreover, each level of the object is designed to implement a separate part of the architectural tasks.
 The identified methodological approaches and models were used in applied research aimed at improving the modern design process.
 In further research, the author intends to more thoroughly analyze the theoretical works of modern architects and architectural scholars in the field of modern interpretations of architectural objects, and accordingly provide recommendations for improving the design process.

Effect of the Reflective Interior Elements on the Illuminance Level in Classrooms

Lighting is one of the essential aspects of architectural design because it is crucial for room ambiance. Artificial and natural lighting affect the architectural element and the furniture. Using simulation tools is beneficial for measuring the reflective level of furniture elements to the room's lighting. DIALux Evo3 is computer software to support artificial and natural lighting simulation for interior spaces up to a particular room standard. This study uses the DIALux Evo3 software to conduct the trial-anderror process. The level of reflection on an interior element affects the lux value. This study will focus on the aspects of the ceiling, chairs, and table furniture using the trial and error method by simulating until a difference looms. The focus simulation focuses on setting the reflective coating in the DIALux Evo3 software on ceiling elements, chairs, and tables. The literature method examines aspects of DIALux Evo3 and the points measured in the simulation process. This simulation uses 15 lamps. This study aims to prove that the choice of paint finishing affects the results produced by the vertical illuminance (adaptive) parameter and utilizes technology in architecture. The conclusion is that interior elements such as ceilings, chairs, and tables with reflective elements affect the artificial light. The aspect with low reflectivity requires a high lux value compared to architectural and interior components with high reflectance

Environmental factors affecting classical music concert experience

Based on an online survey, this study investigated the effect of various factors, including those related to performance, acoustic condition, visual condition, price, comfort, architectural design, and social aspects, on participants’ selection of concert, seat, and their experience of attending classical concerts. From 153 valid responses, it was found that the most important factors were related to performance, acoustics, and view; but price, comfort, and social factors were also moderately important. Performance and acoustic factors, comfort and view, social aspects, and architectural design were closely linked in participants’ judgments. More frequent concert-goers focused more on the music itself, including performance and acoustics, whereas less frequent concert-goers cared more for the experience of going to a concert, and were more concerned with price, social aspects, view, and architecture. People who were professional musicians, or had backgrounds in acoustics or architecture, attached more importance to visual factors and acoustics. Differences between groups of participants were generally smaller than differences between attributes.

Lessons learned that impact acoustics from the California Courts Program

Architect Clifford Ham served as the Project Director and Principal Architect for the Judicial Council of California Administrative Office of the Courts. He was responsible for overseeing more than 450 court facilities throughout California. Projects ranged from renovations and small single court buildings in remote locations to new multistory (31 and 71 multiple purpose courtrooms) in dense major urban areas. As an architect, with courtroom design experience, he was able to efficaciously support all aspects of design, engineering, and specialty consulting. Throughout the process, projects were implemented to effectively meet the needs of various stakeholders. California Trial Court Facilities Standards, covering all aspects of architectural design and engineering, had been developed when the program began in 2006, with minor revisions leading up to the new 2020 edition. Revisions gained from first-hand experience emphasized changes in the guiding principles and updated technical areas which influenced the design and cost of courthouses. This presentation will review the discuss significant aspects of the overall courts program with specific emphasis on acoustics. Case study examples will present some interesting subtleties in the planning and design process that should be realized to avoid costly follow-up repair solutions after occupancy.

Study of Chinese Architectural Design in Temple Building (Case Study: Maha Dana Temple Tebing Tinggi)

Chinese Architecture is one of the architectural styles widely implemented in Indonesia, especially in the small town of Tebing Tinggi, Sumatera Utara. This can be seen from various places of worship or temples, houses belonging to the people of Chinese descent, and other buildings, one of which is in the Maha Dana Temple in Tebing Tinggi. Maha Dana Temple applies a relatively aspect of Chinese architecture, which can be seen in some of the Fengshui applications used, spatial planning patterns, building styles, building structures, and decorations. The purpose of this research is to identify the Chinese architecture aspects or elements that is implemented in the Maha Dana Temple. The research method used is descriptive-comparative qualitative research, which produces data describing what elements of Chinese architecture are applied to the Maha Dana Temple building. The information was obtained through observation and documentation in the field. This study aimed to examine and identify the application and meaning of Chinese architecture aspects in the Maha Dana Temple building in Tebing Tinggi. The research results are expected to benefit science, as a study that can be used as a reference in identifying aspects of Chinese architecture design, especially at the Maha Dana Temple in Tebing Tinggi.