Aspects Of Beauty Research Articles

Convective instability of 3-D fluid-saturated geological fault zones heated from below

We conduct a theoretical analysis to investigate the convective instability of 3-D fluid-saturated geological fault zones when they are heated uniformly from below. In particular, we have derived exact analytical solutions for the critical Rayleigh numbers of different convective flow structures. Using these critical Rayleigh numbers, three interesting convective flow structures have been identified in a geological fault zone system. It has been recognized that the critical Rayleigh numbers of the system have a minimum value only for the fault zone of infinite length, in which the corresponding convective flow structure is a 2-D slender-circle flow. However, if the length of the fault zone is finite, the convective flow in the system must be 3-D. Even if the length of the fault zone is infinite, since the minimum critical Rayleigh number for the 2-D slender-circle flow structure is so close to that for the 3-D convective flow structure, the system may have almost the same chance to pick up the 3-D convective flow structures. Also, because the convection modes are so close for the 3-D convective flow structures, the convective flow may evolve into the 3-D finger-like structures, especially for the case of the fault thickness to height ratio approaching zero. This understanding demonstrates the beautiful aspects of the present analytical solution for the convective instability of 3-D geological fault zones, because the present analytical solution is valid for any value of the ratio of the fault height to thickness. Using the present analytical solution, the conditions, under which different convective flow structures may take place, can be easily determined.

The First-Level Trigger of the HERA-B experiment: performance and expectations

Abstract HERA-B is a fixed target spectrometer which uses 920 GeV protons incident on various target materials. The experiment is aimed to study various aspects of beauty and charm physics. The detector is designed to operate at high interaction rates with an average of 4–5 interactions per event. The First-Level Trigger (FLT) is required to reduce the input rate by more than two orders of magnitude while keeping high efficiency for beauty and charm channels. The trigger performs online track reconstruction and takes decisions based on particle momenta or pair masses. A pipeline architecture is implemented on about 100 pipelined hardware processors to perform this job. The working principle and first results of the FLT performance based on the data acquired during the run in the year 2000 are described.

Kimio Akiyama, Modern Literature: Its Aspect of Beauty

Kimio Akiyama, Modern Literature: Its Aspect of Beauty

Do You See What I See?: Facial Attractiveness and Weight Preoccupation in College Women

A great deal of research illustrates the numerous social and biological advantages that accrue to those who are physically attractive. However, few studies have investigated the negative aspects of physical beauty. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that, after controlling for body size, women rated by others as being physically attractive would have greater weight and diet concerns than those rated by others as less attractive. As predicted, data from 100 college-aged women indicated that objective ratings of attractiveness were positively correlated, whereas subjective ratings inversely correlated with a measure of weight preoccupation. We also found that appearance orientation and neurotic perfectionism accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in weight preoccupation. Results are interpreted in the context of the attractiveness stereotype and the sexualization of women in our society.

The history and modern problems of free radical chemistry. 100 years of free radical chemistry

The history and development of free radical chemistry and its derivatives in Russia and other countries are presented here. Scientific work from Lavoisier and Gomberg to modern scientists is discussed. Many edifying and amusing moments in free radical chemistry are recalled in this review. A small excursion is made into the concept of radical stability. Numerous figures show that the chemical structures of free radicals are among the many beautiful aspects of modern organic chemistry. The review of the Russian grey literature on free radicals is of peculiar interest. The problems of priorities in free radicals have been studied. The exceptional perspectives of free radical chemistry are shown.

The cure of souls: psychiatric dilemmas

Misunderstandings quite frequently occur between patients and their doctors because psychiatrists may be unable to comprehend and therefore accept their patient's experience. 'Soul' and 'spirit' are essential characteristics of human life: soul ultimately means 'quick moving', the principle of life; spirit etymologically refers to breath and is also the animating or vital principle.The spiritual aspects of a person include his or her aims and goals, the interrelatedness of human beings, wholeness of person in which spirit is not separate from body or mind, moral aspects of goodness, beauty and enjoyment and an awareness of God. Psychiatrists have historically had difficulties with the spiritual realm, some of the roots of psychiatry have been anti-ecclesiastical and currently psychiatrists are well aware of the harmful effects of some religious groups upon vulnerable patients.However, religious people, those who regard faith, religious practice and spiritual issues as important, have had distrust for some psychiatrists and their publications.There has also been a degree of professional rivalry between clergy and psychiatrists who share some of the same goals for their parishioners/patients. Patients feel themselves sometimes to have been caught in the cross-fire and this has resulted in reluctance to talk about spiritual issues to their psychiatrists or mental health problems to their priest.In practice there is considerable evidence for the benefit of religious belief in achieving good mental health and recovery from mental illness.It is important for the psychiatrist to be aware of patients'religious beliefs and spiritual aspirations, to understand these and know about patients' backgrounds. It is harmful for psychiatrists to try and impose their own views and understandings upon their patients.

Evolutionary aesthetics

Animals possess many features of their form and behaviour which are both highly attractive to others of their species and may be described as beautiful by humans. Analysis of the biological roles of those attractive features shows them to be advertisements of the genetic quality of their bearers. The concept of beauty is an attribute of the human mind and goes far beyond those physical things which may be perceived by the senses. Sense organs provide the human brain, and the mind, with much information about the outside world and evolved alongside every other attribute of Homo sapiens. They enabled our ancestors to make choices which directly influenced their likelihood of survival, such as which individuals to choose as mates, which foods to eat, and so forth. An incorrect choice could make the difference between whether one's genes would be transmitted to future generations, or whether or not an individual would be poisoned. Although our sense organs were fine tuned during the Pleistocene era, some 2 million years ago, we use them today to inform us about the beauty of a Rubens, a Beethoven symphony, or the latest Dior perfume. Symmetry is a crucial feature of things which humans describe as beautiful. Evidence is presented to show that peacocks with the most symmetrical fans, swallows with the most symmetrical tail feathers, dungflies with the most symmetrical legs, and lions with the most symmetrical moustachial whiskers leave the most offspring and enjoy the highest reproductive success. In humans facial symmetry is a very important aspect of beauty and symmetrical faces are preferred by adults and babies alike. Evolutionary aesthetics describes the relationship between physical beauty and human evolution.

Sewing on the Shadow: Troubled Inner City Children Work to Integrate the Good Bad Opposites

The sandtray images of latency age boys of color in a residential treatment setting portray their struggle to identify and connect to their own personal "positive" shadows while fighting to free themselves from the "negative" shadow society projects onto them. Their sandplay process is seen as moving through three stages: (1) Differentiating the chaos of good and bad, separated and defined, (2) Understanding the meaning of the conflict on instinctual, personal and abstract levels, (3) Integrating the power and energy of "bad" anger and fighting with "good" goals and positive means. Gradually the battle scenes of killing and destruction transform into contests in which the meaning of good and bad becomes greater or lesser skill and winning means transcending the polarities, finding and claiming the treasure, the gold, the resilient, beautiful aspects of their own black shadows.

Attractive faces and affection of beauty

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder , according to an ancient adage. Faces are evaluated in terms of the personal, physical and social qualities which the target appears to offer the perceiver. Face have a meaningful role in social context. Members of different ethnic groups have very different standards for the perception of facial attractiveness. The general theoretical premise of the study is that the standards for judgement of female facial beauty are essentially cultural in character, but they are also influenced by racial averages of features. On the other hand, evolutionary theory provides a basis for suggesting that some aspects of beauty may not be arbitrary or culturally relative. The perceptions of facial attractiveness may be influenced by neonate, sexually mature, aging, expressive and grooming attributes. These physiognomic cues not only convey information about the target but also arouse emotion in the perceiver. Previous studies in the area of facial beauty have concentrated on responses of European, American people to members of the same culture. But Mongolian have different features with Caucasian. Further, Japanese culture have traditionally desired females to be subservient. The experiment compared judgment of female physical attractiveness made by Japanese and Korean people. A total of 232Japanese students in a college and 238 Korean female students in two colleges, who were shown photo slides of Japanese and Korean females that manipulated in three levels of beauty, rated the attractiveness and likeability of Japanese / Korean by 13 bipolar-adjective items. Thirty - six black and white photographs were presented in the form of 35mm slides ( three poses - front view, profile, and three - quarters ) projected onto a screen. Precise facialmetric assessments of the size of facial features were made by male aesthetic anatomist. These indicies were analyzed by means of some multivariate analysis methods. Positively correlated with beauty ratings were large eyes, small mouth, small chin in Japanese. On the other hand, large eyes, small and high nose, thin and small face correlated positively withbeauty in Korean. Korean attached more importance to cubic view than Japanese. Japanese Ss posessed simple judgement dimensions, while Korean Ss attached more importance to multiple affective dimensions ( beauty, maturity, likeability). Japanese Ss are more discriminant Stimuls Person's beauty levels than Korean Ss. They have different standards of beauty with each other. But, Japanese Ss can not judge SP' ethnicity consciously. In Japan it is important for the maintenance of interpersonal hermony traditionally that people suppress their emotion and do not appraise physical beauty publicly.

Which is the most beautiful?

According to Aristotle, "Those who assert that the mathematical sciences say nothing of the beautiful are in error. The chief forms of beauty are order, commensurability and precision" [1]. G. H. Hardy in a famous passage asserted: "A mathematician, like a painter or a poet, is a maker of patterns . . . . The mathematician's patterns, like the painter's or poet's, must be beautiful . . . . Beauty is the first test: there is no permanent place in the world for ugly mathematics" [2]. Von Neumann wrote: "I think it is correct to say that [the mathematician's] criteria of selection, and also those of success, are mainly aesthetical" [3]. Poincar6 reflected a similar opinion when he wrote, "It is true aesthetic feeling which all mathematicians recognise . . . . The useful combinations are precisely the most beautiful" [4]. Weyl claimed: "My work always tried to unite the truth with the beautiful, but when I had to choose one or the other, I usually chose the beautiful" [5]. Morris Kline emphasised a different perspective: "Much research for new proofs of theorems already correctly established is undertaken simply because the existing proofs have no aesthetic appeal" [6]. Beauty does seem to be an essential, if little discussed, aspect of mathematics and the work of mathematicians. Yet no one can say precisely of what beauty in mathematics consists, and professional mathematicians will not necessarily agree on their definitions of mathematical beauty, on their practical judgments of which theorems, proofs, concepts, or strategies are the most beautiful, or on the role their personal feelings for mathematical beauty play in their own work. This questionnaire is a simple attempt to gather some data on the preferences of readers of the Mathematical Intelligencer. The least you are asked to do is to give each of these theorems a score of 0 through 10 for beau ty . (The mos t beaut i ful theorems score the highest marks.) Notice that you are not asked to judge between diff e ren t p roofs of the same theorem, or b e t w e e n theorems and proofs. I appreciate that readers are bound to be influenced in their judgments by their knowledge, or lack of knowledge, of particular proofs. Given constraints of space, and readers' time, I decided to focus on 24 different and varied theorems, all relatively easy to unders tand as statements, rather than a small handful of deta i led proofs or o ther aspects of mathematical beauty. Meta-responses--for example, that this questionnaire is imposs ib le to answer , or that part icular theorems cannot be ranked with merely a n u m b e r are we lcome and will be cons idered as valid as straightforward rankings of the theorems. Additional comments of any kind will of course also be most welcome. I hope to report on readers' views in a future issue of the Mathematical Intelligencer.

The Kinetic Revolution: Transformation in the Language of the Transcendentalists

THIS essay deals with six American Transcendentalists in a way in which they were fond of dealing with life: correspondence. The ancient theory of correspondence antedated its nineteenth-century adherents by long centuries. Chinese sages voiced it in their concepts of the Tao and the Confucian social order which replicated a heavenly model. Indians based the caste system and its Dharma on their perceptions of the structure of the macrocosm. In the Near East correspondence provided the basis for the Babylonians' astrological horoscopes, while in the West it authenticated the sophisticated allegorical musings of medieval churchmen and equally blessed the unlearned superstitions of the poor. Briefly, the theory of correspondence taught that the universe answered, although the answer did not necessarily come in the personal accents of the Christian God. Instead each part of the universe was fitted to a corresponding part in a different plane since each piece of the world participated in the identity of one or several congruent spheres. So a flower told that human life was transitory and at the same time revealed an aspect of eternal beauty. A child born under the sign of Leo

The Objective and the Social Aspects of Beauty: Comments on the Aesthetics of Chu Kuang-Ch'ien and Ts'ai I

After reading the essays of Mr. Ts'ai and Mr. Chu, I have a few immature opinions. Generally speaking, I feel that in dealing with the errors of their opponents, both Ts'ai I in his criticism of Huang Yüeh-mien and Chu Kuang-ch'ien in his criticism of Ts'ai I are quite accurate and convincing. However, in presenting their own arguments of what is right, both of them are on shaky ground and in error. That is because in one way or another, consciously or unconsciously, they either deny the objective aspect of the existence of beauty (Huang and Chu) or deny the social aspect of the existence of beauty (Ts'ai). All of them consider the objective and the social aspects of beauty as being either this or that, as mutually exclusive and irreconcilable opposites. They think that if we acknowledge the social aspect of beauty, we then have to deny the objective aspect, the fact that the existence of beauty does not depend on the subjective conditions of a person (such as the state of consciousness, preferences, etc.); or if we acknowledge the objective aspect, we have to deny the social aspect, the fact that the existence of beauty depends on the social life of human beings. But in fact it is not like that. On the one hand, beauty cannot be separated from human society; on the other hand, it can have an objective existence which is independent of man's subjective consciousness. It is this question that I shall discuss.

SOME ASPECTS OF MUSICAL BEAUTY AND ITS APPEAL TO CHILDREN

SOME ASPECTS OF MUSICAL BEAUTY AND ITS APPEAL TO CHILDREN Get access WILL EARHART WILL EARHART Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Musical Quarterly, Volume XI, Issue 2, April 1925, Pages 248–260, https://doi.org/10.1093/mq/XI.2.248 Published: 01 April 1925

Mathematics and Morals

I fear you may think us rather unpractical people in Hull, for while my colleague, Mr. Forder, will presently speak to you on the subject of infinity, my own topic has not a little of the unreal or imaginary involved in it—but at least, if I become imaginary and Mr. Forder tends to infinity, we shall not, like ‘I’ and ‘J,’ be both at infinity and unreal at once. My own thesis is not a new one, for it is at least as old as Plato. It is a claim for greater attention to the more beautiful aspects of mathematics. What one feels is that most people give to Mathematics and Science very definite and, as I think, very limited spheres of influence in the educational domain. In their view it is the duty of school science work to beget accuracy of observation, skilful manipulation and the power to make general deductions from observed facts—it is an essentially materialistic and utilitarian view. As a matter of fact, Natural Science deals with the profoundest mysteries. So, with them, Mathematics is a science cold and austere—ruthlessly precise and devoid of imagination. And yet, as a matter of fact, it deals with truth and beauty, its forms are those of rhythm and symmetry, and in it imagination has no limits. Now I fear very much that we who teach these subjects are apt to accept without demur these low valuations of mathematics and science as means of general education.

Peter Benoit and the Modern Flemish School

You may, perhaps, think it over-bold of me to talk to you in your own language, which, in my mouth, will appear without its native richness, strength, and beauty. You will at once realise that you have before you a man who did not want to come and call for your attention a short time ago, but now is willing to suffer the cruel consciousness of being a poor orator, if only he succeeds, though but partially, in his attempt to give you an idea of one of the aspects of beauty in his own beloved country.

XX. On a Large Boulder of Mica-Schist near Inverbeg, Lochlomond

Some years ago, during an ascent of Ben Lomond, we observed a boulder, evidently of considerable size, perched on the shoulder of the hill on the opposite side of the loch, immediately to the north of Inveruglas or Inverbeg.* It stood out in bold relief between us and the western sky; and we mentally took note of the spot where it lay, with the purpose of visiting it at some future time. During last summer we carried this intention into effect, walking from Luss to Tarbet and taking the boulder by the way. As members are aware, the lower part of Lochlomond rests on Calciferous and Old Red sandstones. Its upper part, from above Balmaha on the one side and Rossdhu on the other, extends among the old schistose rocks, provisionally termed Silurian, beginning with a belt of clay-slate, which is wrought for roofing purposes in the well-known quarries near Luss, and succeeded by beds generally of a more arenaceous kind, including varieties of mica-schist, chlorite-schist, etc., such as are common throughout the Western Highlands. The prevailing dip of the whole is to the south-east. The road along the richly wooded shore of the loch, with Ben Lomond rising before us on the opposite side and seen oftentimes through a vista of leafy boughs, presents many aspects of beauty. It belongs, however, more immediately to our subject to state that there are numerous instances of striation observable on the rocks as we walk along, the striae, of course, running parallel This 250-word extract was created in the absence of an abstract