Asignificant Impact Research Articles

Development of the celiac disease symptom diary version 2.1© (CDSD 2.1©) patient-reported outcome measure.

For patients with celiac disease (CeD), the only current management option is adherence to a strict gluten-free diet (GFD); however, many patients on a GFD continue to experience symptoms with asignificant impact on quality of life. Potential new treatments for CeD are under development and a validated patient-reported outcome measure is required to evaluate their utility in clinical trials. The purpose of this article is to provide a history of the development of the Celiac Disease Symptom Diary (CDSD) 2.1© for use in clinical trials. Qualitative and quantitative studies were conducted from 2010 to 2021, including concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing interviews with adult and adolescent participants with CeD (N = 93) diagnosed via biopsy and/or serology and input from eight interviews with CeD clinical experts. During these studies, different iterations of the CDSD were presented to the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency, and modifications were made in line with their feedback. These studies ultimately led to the development of CDSD 2.1©, a daily diary which focuses on key symptoms of CeD (abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, nausea and tiredness). This patient-reported outcome measure was readily understood by adult and adolescent participants with CeD and content validity was demonstrated in both populations. CDSD 2.1© is a content-valid patient-reported outcome measure developed in accordance with best practices and regulatory guidance. A thorough exploration of the psychometric properties of CDSD 2.1© for both adult and adolescent participants with CeDis ongoing to support utilization in clinical trials.

The Effect of The Rupiah Exchange Rate on Inflation-Mediated Stock Prices in PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk

Indonesia's large population presents significant opportunities for the consumergoods industry. However, a company's ability to sustain its stock price requirescareful consideration of macroeconomic variables. This study investigates theeffect of the Rupiah exchange rate on the stock price of PT Unilever IndonesiaTbk during the period from 2022 to 2023. Employing a quantitative approach,the research examines macroeconomic data, particularly the Rupiah exchangerate, obtained from Bank Indonesia. Using purposive sampling, the studyfocuses on data relevant to the research period. Multiple linear regressionanalysis is applied to assess the relationship between the Rupiah exchange rateand stock price. The findings reveal that the Rupiah exchange rate has asignificant impact on the stock price of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk.

Mental disorders from climate and environmental changes using the example of dermatology

Global climate and environmental changes impose asignificant impact on human health by increasing prevalences of chronic and acute skin diseases. Climate-associated environmental changes can also trigger or intensify mental illnesses independently of askin disease. Discussion of the effects of the climate and environmental changes on dermatological diseases applying the biopsychosocial model. Aselective literature search in the PubMed database and other sources was conducted. The biopsychosocial model considers complex interactions between biological, psychological, and social factors. In view of the consequences of climate and environmental changes, an extension of the model is proposed for the first time in order to address new challenges. The modified presentation supports the understanding of the dynamics and underscores that in dermatological care not only direct health effects of climate and environmental changes have to be dealt with, but also with an increasing number of mental illnesses, which in turn are to be regarded as direct and indirect health effects. Coping with the predicted increase in the burden of disease and the decline in the available labor force associated with demographic change poses amajor challenge. In order to maintain the functionality of the healthcare system, the prompt implementation of resource-efficient, sustainable measures in all areas of society is essential. The integrative consideration of dermatological and psychological complaints in the context of climate and environmental changes requires the adaptation of content for the education, training, and continuing education of specialists.

Light-Controlled Electric Stimulation with Organic Electrolytic Photocapacitors Achieves Complex Neuronal Network Activation: Semi-Chronic Study in Cortical Cell Culture and Rat Model.

Neurostimulation employing photoactive organic semiconductors offers an appealing alternative to conventional techniques, enabling targeted action and wireless control through light. In this study, organic electrolytic photocapacitors (OEPC) are employed toinvestigate theeffects oflight-controlled electric stimulation onneuronal networks in vitro and in vivo. The interactions between the devices and biological systems are characterized. Stimulation of primary rat cortical neurons results in anelevated expression of c-Fos within a mature neuronal network. OEPC implantation for three weeks and subsequent stimulation of the somatosensory cortex leads to anincrease of c-Fos in neurons at the stimulation site and in connected brainregions (entorhinal cortex, hippocampus), both intheipsi- andcontralateral hemispheres. Reactivity ofglial andimmune cells after semi-chronic implantation of OEPC in the rat brain is comparable tothatofsurgical controls, indicating minimal foreign body response. Device functionality is further substantiated through retained charging dynamics following explantation. OEPC-based, light-controlled electric stimulation has asignificant impact onneural responsiveness. Theabsence ofdetrimental effects onboth the brain and device encourages further use of OEPC as cortical implants. These findings highlight its potential as anovel mode of neurostimulation and instigate further exploration into applications in fundamental neuroscience.

Clinically active pituitary tumors

The widespread use of diagnostic imaging has led to an increase in the incidence of pituitary tumors. The majority of incidentalomas are hormone-inactive (HI) pituitary microadenomas. The most common clinically relevant pituitary adenomas are prolactin-secreting, followed by HI, and far less common are growth hormone (GH)-, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)- and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-secreting adenomas. Pituitary adenomas are usually benign, although aggressive growth and invasion occurs in individual cases. Very rarely, they give rise to metastases and are then termed pituitary carcinomas. All pituitary tumors require endocrine testing for pituitary hormone excess. In addition to the medical history and clinical examination, laboratory diagnostics are very important. Symptoms such as irregular menstruation, loss of libido or galactorrhea often lead to the timely diagnosis of prolactinomas, and hyperprolactinemia can easily confirm the diagnosis (considering the differential diagnoses). Diagnosis is more difficult for all other hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas (acromegaly, Cushing's disease, TSHoma), as the symptoms are often non-specific (i.e., headaches, weight gain, fatigue, joint pain). Furthermore, comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and depression are such widespread diseases that pituitary adenomas are rarely considered as the underlying cause. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment have asignificant impact on morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. Therefore, the role of primary care physicians is very important for achieving an early diagnosis. In addition, patients with pituitary adenomas should always be referred to endocrinologists to ensure optimal diagnosis as well as treatment.

MYERS-BRIGGS COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS AND CAREER CHOICE IN THE FIELD OF ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION

This scientific article examines the influence of cognitive functions according to Myers-Briggs, a person's belonging to a particular type of personality on the choice of a profession in architecture and construction. In modern society, choosing a profession is becoming an increasingly difficult and important task for every person. Not only financial stability depends on the professional path, but also the level of satisfaction with the quality of life, the degree of contribution to society and even the psycho-emotional state of a person. However, when choosing a profession, individual personality traits and psychological aspects are rarely taken into account, which can have asignificant impact on a person's ability to successfully perform their job.The study includes an empirical analysis of data collected using the Cognitive Process Assessment questionnaire and a self-developed questionnaire among bachelors, undergraduates and working professionals, as well as a review of relevant literature. The predominant personality types of students in the specialty "Architecture" and "Construction" were identified, and the features of their cognitive functions were described. The comparative analysis revealed similarities and differences between the two specialties, as well as between the respondents in each of the groups.The relationships between Myers-Briggs personality types and the professional characteristics of architects and builders reveal which personality types reflect individual professional characteristics, including talents, inclinations and work style. The results of the study will help both students and educational institutions to understand how to better correlate personal qualities and goals with the choice of a profession in the architectural and construction field.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is arare genetic disorder with avariable clinical phenotype that is accompanied by reduced motility of the cilia in the respiratory tract and numerous other organs. This leads to various characteristic symptoms and disease manifestations, primarily affecting the lungs (chronic persistent productive cough, bronchiectasis), the nose and paranasal sinuses (chronic persistent rhinitis or rhinosinusitis) as well as the middle ear (chronic otitis media, middle ear effusion). Moreover, PCD is associated with impaired fertility or lateralization defects (situs anomalies, congenital heart defects). The diagnostics of PCD are complex and require acombination of several sophisticated instrument-based diagnostic procedures. Through thorough history taking and evaluation, suspected cases can be comparatively well identified based on typical clinical features and referred to further diagnostics. In recent years, molecular genetic analysis through panel diagnostics or whole exome and whole genome sequencing, has gained in importance as this enables affected individuals to participate in disease-specific and genotype-specific clinical trials. Although the current treatment is purely symptomatic, the earliest possible diagnosis is crucial for connecting patients to specialized PCD centers, which can have asignificant impact on the clinical course of the affected individuals.

A Study on the Influence of Social Media Marketing on theBuying Intentions of Generation Z in Gorakhpur

Scrolling over social media accounts has become one of Generation Z's favourite pastimes. It would not be an exaggeration to say social media has become essential to our everyday lives. In this paper, the researchers have tried to gain a deeper insight into the acceptance of social mediaas a marketing communication tool among Gen Z in Gorakhpur city and its ultimate impact on their buying intentions. The researchers did a descriptive study of the data collected from the students in Gorakhpur, a town in eastern Uttar Pradesh. Using descriptive and inferential statistics, they concluded that social media applications have a high acceptance and have asignificant impact on the buying intentions of Gen Z.

Imaging of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract : Value of (hybrid) imaging diagnostics in radiology

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) represent aheterogeneous group of rare tumors that predominantly arise in the gastrointestinal tract. At the time of initial diagnosis, the NET has already spread locoregionally in about half of the patients, and 27% of patients have already developed distant metastases. Since this plays acrucial role in therapy planning, accurate diagnostic imaging is important. Due to its high temporal and spatial resolution (multiphasic including arterial phase), computed tomography (CT) plays adecisive role in primary staging and follow-up care, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with its excellent soft tissue contrast offers advantages in the assessment of parenchymal organs in the upper abdomen. Somatostatin receptor (SSR) positron emission tomography (PET) provides additional functional information that not only helps to detect the primary tumor and distant metastases, but also has asignificant influence on therapeutic management in atheranostic approach. Hybrid imaging using SSR-PET/CT has proven to be particularly effective in the detection of NET. Compared to conventional imaging, it provides additional information in 68% of patients, which has asignificant impact on clinical management. Imaging of NET requires the combined use of various methods such as ultrasound, CT, MRI, and PET/CT to enable accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. SSR-PET/CT is avaluable tool for the accurate staging of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, especially with small metastases, while MRI with hepatocyte-specific contrast agent and diffusion-weighted imaging is useful for the specific assessment of liver metastases.

COVID-19 pandemic as ahuge stressor of the 21st century.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had asignificant impact on the somatic and psychological state of the population worldwide, leading to awide range of health complications. Most of the studies on the COVID-19 pandemic have focused on the direct psychological and somatic aspects of the disease. However, the negative consequences of the indirect aspect of the pandemic (i.e., stay-at-home orders leading to social isolation) represent amajor stressor on psychosomatic health and warrant greater interest. This study examines the COVID-19 pandemic as asignificant stressor of the 21st century through the lens of the "allostatic" stress response concept and highlights the stress-related psychosomatic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Abetter understanding of the pathomechanisms underlying indirect impacts of the pandemic on psychosomatic health can contribute to the implementation of personalized interventions for managing stress responses, thereby reducing the pandemic-linked stress burden and preventing stress-associated disease emergence (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 67). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, social isolation, stress response, allostasis, allostatic load, psychosomatic symptoms.

Minimally invasive treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia : The GermanS2eguideline 2023-part4

Lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive for benign prostatic obstruction (LUTS/BPO) are one of the most frequent diseases in men and can have asignificant impact on quality of life. Instrumental therapies are common, and many patients seek minimally invasive treatment options. Presentation and evidence-based evaluation of the minimally invasive therapy for benign prostatic syndrome. Summary and overview of chapters 11-13 on minimally invasive therapies for LUTS/BPO of the current long version of the German S2e guideline. In case of absolute indication for surgery or after unsatisfactory or undesired medical therapy, minimally invasive treatments such as UroLift® (Neotract Inc., Pleasanton, CA, USA), Rezῡm™ (Boston Scientific, Malborough, MA, USA), iTIND™ (Olympus America Inc., Westborough, MA, USA), and prostatic artery embolization (PAE) can be considered. These indirect/delayed ablative therapies offer lower morbidity and the possibility of performing them under local anesthesia, but they are inferior to direct ablative/resective techniques in terms of effectiveness and sustainability. The updated German S2e guideline summarizes evidence-based recommendations for new minimally invasive therapies for LUTS/BPO, which present alternative treatment options for selected patients.

Does excessive body mass affect the rhGH therapy outcomes in GHD children?

For 35 years, recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) has been successfully used worldwide to treat children with short stature related to growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Growth hormone therapy requires an individual approach to the patient due to varying responses to the treatment. Excessive body weight is one of the factors influencing the response. To evaluate the impact of excessive body mass on rhGH therapy effectiveness in GHD children. 165 short-statured children with isolated GHD (mean age 10.72 ±3.33 years), treated with rhGH for at least one year (mean follow-up 4.32 ±1.80 years), were separated into 3 groups based on their BMI standard deviation score (SDS). Bone age, height, weight, insulin-like growth factor 1 level, and rhGH dose were obtained up to 10 years with one-year intervals. The mean change in height SDS in the first year was 0.52 ±0.41 SD and 0.60 ±0.32 SD for normal and excessive body weight children, respectively. The mean height velocity, based on the height SDS measured over the consecutive 5 years, was 0.44±0.25 SD/year for the normal-weight group and 0.32 ±0.24 SD/year for the excessive body weight group (p<0.1). Excess body weight has asignificant impact on rhGH therapy outcomes. This correlates with the height increase in the first year of observation; however, long-term observation has shown that children diagnosed with overweight or obesity achieve significantly worse results compared to their normal-weight peers.

Framing the path to net zero

Abstract Big corporations are a leading contributor to global carbon emissions and their investment decisions have a significant impact on the world’s ability to tackle climate change. This study combines corpus and discourse approaches to examine how major corporate emitters have responded to the Paris Agreement, how they legitimize their practices amid mounting public pressure, and how companies operating in high- and middle-income countries differ in their framing of climate change. The results show that carbon majors place increasing focus on climate issues, widely support the goals of the Paris Agreement, and are increasingly making net-zero pledges. However, close inspection of linguistic patterns reveals a troubling disconnect between proclaimed goals, the solutions advocated for, and the radical steps needed to address the escalating climate crisis. Companies from middle-income countries devote comparatively less attention to climate change, which points to the need for better coordinated global efforts to address this problem.

Management of fraudulent participants in online research: Practical recommendations from a randomized controlled feasibility trial.

Fraudulent participation is an escalating concern for online clinical trials and research studies and can have a significant negative impact on findings. We aim to shed light on the risk and to provide practical recommendations for detecting and managing such instances. The FREED-Mobile (FREED-M) study is an online, randomized controlled feasibility trial to assess a digital early intervention for young people (aged 16-25) in England or Wales with eating problems. The trial involved baseline (week 0), post-intervention (week 4), and follow-up (week 12) surveys, alongside weekly modules provided over 4 weeks on the study website. Study completers were compensated with £20 shopping vouchers. Despite the complexity of the trial design, two instances of fraudulent sign-ups occurred in January and March 2023. To counter this, we developed a "fraudulent participants protocol" following internal investigations and discussions with collaborators. The implementation of prevention measures such as reCAPTCHA updates, IP address review, and changes in reimbursement effectively halted further fraudulent sign-ups. Our protocol facilitated the systematic identification and withdrawal of suspected or clear fraudsters and was demonstrably robust at distinguishing between fraudsters and genuine responders. All remote, online trials or studies are at risk of fraudulent participation. Drawing from our experience and existing literature, we offer practical recommendations for researchers considering online recruitment and data collection. Vigilance and the integration of deterrents, and data quality checks into the study design from the outset are advised to safeguard research integrity. Fraudulent participation in digital research can have asignificant impact on research findings, potentially leading to biased resultsand misinformed decisions. We developed an effective protocol for theprevention, identification, and management of fraudulent participants. Bysharing our insights and recommendations, we hope to raise awareness of thisissue and provide other researchers with the knowledge and strategies necessaryto safeguard research integrity moving forward.

Public Facilities for Better Health and Urban Plan

Lack of physical activity is one of the main cause of obesity. Currently, scientists proposed that teenagers and women are overweight or obese than men in Bangladesh. Furthermore, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming more prevalent in Bangladesh. By 2050, the illness burden of non-communicable diseases will have a significant impact on the health budget. To reduce non-communicable diseases, physical activity is one of the options. However, the lack of public facilities for physical activities in each community is a concern. According to the Department of Military Estate Administration, Central Circle, DOHS (Defense Officers' Housing Scheme) has a total of 2966 plots and 396.6327 acres of area (640 acres =1 square mile) including 5 DOSH in Bangladesh. However, each DOHS has all the public facilities including structures streets, parks, walking paths, squares, gyms, cultural and sports grounds, walkways, waterfronts, lakes, mosques, cafeterias, public toilets, sitting areas for elderly or passersby, etc for physical activities specially for women, children, and the disabled people. Gulshan, Baridhara, Banani, and Dhanmondi areas are other good examples from Bangladesh where dwellers specially, women and children have facilities for physical activities. Sangmoo Kim, urban specialist said, “it is not over-ambitious thinking to have public facilities; it is a basic need for each city dweller for a healthy life”. This report aims to explore what are the policy drawbacks of the Government of Bangladesh not providing public facilities to perform physical activities in each area.

Working in a team and mental health

Humans have always naturally lived in groups, which has asignificant impact on the well-being and mental stability of the individual. Various physiological processes are coregulated via the closeness of other persons. About one third of our adulthood is spent at work where social relationships often play an important role, because we are typically working with other individuals in groups or ateam. In these situations, mutual support and successful cooperation can develop, which promotes the mental and physical health of the employees of acompany ("social capital"). From various perspectives it becomes obvious that the quality of relationships at the workplace is akey factor for the satisfaction and health of individual employees as well as for the cohesion, resilience and performance of the entire team. This is confirmed by empirical findings that still need to be expanded, especially with respect to the neurobiological associations of the cooperation in teams and individual health.

Marine Sponge-Derived Secondary Metabolites Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Entry Mechanisms.

The emergence of SARS-CoV 2 caused the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in numerous global infections and deaths. In particular, people with metabolic diseases display an increased risk of severe COVID 19 and a fatal outcome. Treatment options for severe cases are limited, and the appearance of new virus variants complicates the development of novel therapies. To better manage viral infections like COVID 19, new therapeutic approaches are needed. Marine sponges offer a natural and renewable source of unique bioactive agents. These sponges produce secondary metabolites with various effects, including anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumorigenic properties. In the current study, we investigated the effect of five different marine sponge-derived secondary metabolites (four bromotyrosines and one sesquiterpenoid hydroquinone). Two of these, Avarol and Acetyl-dibromoverongiaquinol reduced the expression of ACE2, the main receptor for SARS-CoV 2, and the alternative receptor NRP1. Moreover, these substances derived from sponges demonstrated the ability to diminish the virus titer in SARS-CoV 2-infected cells, especially concerning the Omicron lineage. However, the reduction was not substantial enough to expect a significant impact on infected humans. Consequently, the investigated sponge-derived secondary metabolites are not likely to be effective to treat COVID 19 as a stand-alone therapy.

ON THE IDENTITY OF THE LEGAL SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

xThe historical development and cultural and legal traditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan have had asignificant impact on the formation and improvement of its legal system. Original in content, it reflects thetransition from the socialist to another type associated with the strengthening of national Uzbek and Slaviccustoms. The modern policy of the state is aimed at creating a stable legal system through the legislativeconsolidation and consolidation of public relations and social values. Understanding the peculiarities ofthe legal system of the Republic of Uzbekistan is necessary for a qualified analysis of draft laws, for makinga balanced decision on the expediency of reception, competently overcoming current problems and a realassessment of the legal consciousness of the Uzbek people.

Hip dysplasia

Hip dysplasia is one of the most common malformations in childhood and has asignificant impact on the further life of those affected. Adistinction must be made between congenital and the much rarer acquired dysplasia. Early diagnosis and therapy are pivotal for further development of patients. The paper gives an overview of current radiological possibilities of diagnosis with focus on congenital hip dysplasia supplemented by insights into therapeutic options. Basic and review papers were analyzed. Clinical examination of the newborn has low sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of hip dysplasia. The introduction of Graf ultrasound screening has significantly improved the early detection of dysplastic hips. With the help of sonography, but also magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the shape of the acetabulum and the position of the femoral head in the socket can be precisely and quickly determined, while X‑ray examinations have their place especially in the context of follow-up examinations after treatment from the age of 1year and in the diagnosis of secondary dysplasia. Therapeutic options range from spreading treatment to open reduction with fixation in the newborn as well as conversion osteotomy in older children. Early detection of hip dysplasia is critical to the course of treatment. The right choice of examination method and correct performance are essential for further treatment.

Impact of real-time optical coherence tomography and angiographic coregistration on the percutaneous coronary intervention strategy.

The use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) with angiographic coregistration (ACR) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for procedural decision-making is evolving; however, large-scale data in real-world practice are lacking. Our study aims to evaluate the real-time impact of OCT-ACR on clinician decision-making during PCI. Patients with angiographic diameter stenosis >70% in at least one native coronary artery were enrolled in the study. The pre- and post-PCI procedural strategies were prospectively assessed after angiography, OCT, and ACR. Atotal of 500 patients were enrolled in the study between November 2018 and March 2020. Among these, data related to 472 patients with 483 lesions were considered for analysis. Preprocedural OCT resulted in achange in PCI strategy in 80% of lesions: lesion preparation (25%), stent length (53%), stent diameter (36%), and device landing zone (61%). ACR additionally impacted the treatment strategy in 34% of lesions. Postprocedural OCT demonstrated underexpansion (15%), malapposition (14%), and tissue/thrombus prolapse (7%), thereby requiring further interventions in 30% of lesions. No further change in strategy was observed with subsequent postprocedural ACR. Angiographic and procedural success was achieved in 100% of patients, and the overall incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year was 0.85%. The outcomes reflect the real-time impact of OCT-ACR on the overall procedural strategy in patients undergoing PCI. ACR had asignificant impact on the treatment strategy and was associated with better clinical outcomes at 1 year after index PCI. OCT-ACR has become apractical tool for improving outcomes in patients with complex lesions.