To compare the clinicoradiological outcome between in situ and distraction bone block arthrodesis in patients with malunited calcaneal fracture. Patients presenting with painful subtalar joint arthritis between January 2015 and March 2018 were included after thorough clinical and radiological evaluation. In situ group I had 22 patients and distraction group II had 14. All patients were evaluated at final follow-up for functional outcome with American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, and radiological parameters including talocalcaneal height (TCH), calcaneal pitch (CP), lateral talocalcaneal angle (LTCA), and talar declination angle (TDA). Mean follow-up was 19.26 months for in situ and 12.91 months for distraction group. AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score improved postoperative in both groups, but the difference between the groups was not significant ( p value = 0.371). Statistically significant improvement was observed in radiological parameters of talocalcaneal height ( p value = 0.006), calcaneal pitch ( p value = 0.025), lateral talocalcaneal angle ( p value = 0.078), and talar declination angle( p value = 0.02) in the distraction group. Distraction arthrodesis restores hindfoot radiological parameters better compared to the in situ group; however, there is no significant difference in functional outcome between the groups. Sundararajan SR, Ramakanth R, Shreeram V, et al. Is Distraction Bone Block Arthrodesis better than Subtalar Arthrodesis for Malunited Calcaneal Fractures with Subtalar Arthritis? A Retrospective Case Series. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia Pacific) 2021;8(1):3–7.