Art For Use Research Articles

Forecasting Solar Power Output Generation: A Systematic Review with the Proknow-C

This paper presents a systematic review of the solar output power generation forecasting using the Proknow-C methodology for the development of a bibliographic portfolio which allows identifying the state of the art for use as a scientific reference and encouraging further research and development of new models. The execution of the process identified 292 papers relevant to the theme from the two important international scientific databases. The portfolio creation process and bibliometric analysis of the recognition of articles, authors, keywords, journals and review articles are described. The theme of this research is current and of interest in the international scientific community, however, in Brazil and Latin America few related researches were observed. The annual historical profile of publications has shown a growing number of recent research on the theme, which motivated the proposition of an adjustment to Proknow-C to create more concise repositories. This paper's contributions have an exploratory and descriptive meaning, which provides the state of the art in the solar power output generation forecasting for use as a theoretical framework in future researches in Latin America, and another methodological meaning that discusses the process using a case study.

The correlation between identifying needs and choosing the appropriate productive art for use / primary health care centers as an example

The purpose of the study is to identify the need to improve health services in Iraq by determining the efficiency of service in health care centres and working on exploiting limited resources through choosing the most efficient technological art represented by using precast concrete technology to fill the shortfall in the establishment health centres for primary care and to explain the impact of this on saving resources, time, and increasing production efficiency. To achieve this, the quantitative analysis adopted as a methodology in the study by determining the size of the deficit in the infrastructure of health centres for primary care according to the standard of a health centre / 10.000 people with an estimate of the future need for the next ten years depending on the population growth rate estimated by (2.6%). In addition to exploiting the available resources and achieving stability for the population by providing productive employment opportunities within the medium and long term. This makes the study distinguished by originality, as it linked the diagnosis of the problem of finding solutions using the modern technical method that encourages private investment.
 Paper type: Technical paper.

Comparison of different focusing fiber tips for improved oral diode laser surgery

State of the art for use of the fiber guided diode laser in dental therapy is the application of bare fibers. A novel concept with delivery fiber and exchangeable fiber tips enables the use of tips with special and optimized geometries for various applications. The aim of this study is the comparison of different focusing fiber tips for enhanced cutting efficacy in oral surgery. For this purpose various designs of tip geometry were investigated and optimized by ray tracing simulations. Two applicators, one with a sphere, and another one with a taper, were realized and tested on porcine gingiva (diode laser, 940 nm, 5 W/cw; 7 W/modulated). The cutting depth and quality were determined by light microscope. Histological sections of the cuts were prepared by a cryo-microtome and microscopically analyzed to determine the cut depths and thermal damage zones. The simulations show that, using a sphere as fiber tip, an intensity increase of up to a factor of 16.2 in air, and 13.2 in water compared to a bare 200 µm fiber can be achieved. Although offering high focusing factor in water, the cutting quality of the sphere was rather poor. This is probably caused by a derogation of the focusing quality due to contamination during cutting and light scattering. Much better results were achieved with conically shaped fiber tips. Compared to bare fibers they exhibit improved handling properties with no hooking, more regular and deeper cuts (5 W/cw: 2,393 ± 468 µm, compared to the cleaved bare fiber 5 W/cw: 711 ± 268 µm). The thermal damage zones of the cuts are comparable for the various tips and fibers. In conclusion the results of our study show that cutting quality and efficiency of diode laser on soft tissue can be significantly improved using conically shaped fiber tips.

Statistical approaches to group sequential monitoring of postmarket safety surveillance data: current state of the art for use in the Mini‐Sentinel pilot

This manuscript describes the current statistical methodology available for active postmarket surveillance of pre-specified safety outcomes using a prospective incident user concurrent control cohort design with existing electronic healthcare data. Motivation of the active postmarket surveillance setting is provided using the Food and Drug Administration's Mini-Sentinel Pilot as an example. Four sequential monitoring statistical methods are presented including the Lan-Demets error spending approach, a matched likelihood ratio test statistic approach with the binomial MaxSPRT as a special case, the conditional sequential sampling procedure with stratification, and a generalized estimating equation regression approach using permutation. Information on the assumptions, limitations, and advantages of each approach is provided, including how each method defines sequential monitoring boundaries, what test statistic is used, and how robust it is to settings of rare events or frequent testing. A hypothetical example of how the approaches could be applied to data comparing a medical product of interest, drug A, to a concurrent control drug, drug B, is presented including providing the type of information one would have available for monitoring such drugs.

Current state of the art for use of pacemakers and defibrillators in patients with congenital cardiac malformations

As patients with congenital cardiac malformations increasingly survive therapeutic interventions, and our understanding of primary electrical diseases increases, the landscape of paediatric and congenital electrophysiology is expanding. Electrophysiologic abnormalities, both tachycardic and bradycardic, are commonly seen in post-operative patients with congenital cardiac disease, as well as being part of the natural history of congenital malformations and cardiomyopathies. Disturbances of rhythm represent an increasing morbidity in this population, and therapies using devices in the form of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators have taken on a correspondingly important role. In this review, we discuss some of the key features and recent advances in pacing for bradycardia, resynchronization pacing, anti-tachycardia pacing, and use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.

Impedance Spectroscopy of Hydrating Cement‐Based Materials: Measurement, Interpretation, and Application

This work concerns the state of the art for use of impedance spectroscopy for studying the evolving microstructure of cement‐based materials during hydration. Features of the spectra are discussed and related to components of the microstructure with the assistance of pixel‐based computer modeling techniques. It is proposed that the enormously high relative dielectric constants (∼105) observed just after set are the result of dielectric amplification and are related to the distribution of pore sizes and the thickness of product C─S─H layers separating the pores. The conductivity is related to the volume fraction of porosity, the conductivity of the pore solution, and the interconnectivity of the porosity. The conductivity, when normalized by that of the pore solution, i.e., inverse formation factor, is a measure of this interconnectivity and can be used to predict such engineering properties as ionic diffusivity and water permeability. Composite mixing laws are employed to aid in explaining the behavior of the conductivity and to obtain a qualitative measure of the pore shape with hydration. Procedures for predicting the conductivity of the pore solution and for subtracting out electrode lead effects at high frequency are discussed.

Update on ammonia scrubbing. A state‐of‐the‐art review, highlighting, recent successes and pointing to problem areas with recommended solutions

A review is presented of the history and development of the ammonia scrubbing process leading to the design of the 1970's, with an analysis of the successes and problems to update the state of the art for use in the 1980's. The analysis is highlighted by the many successes, including SO/sub 2/ emission control, reliability, controllabiling, energy efficiency, and low capital cost. Problem areas include corrosion of booster blowers and mist eliminators that are easily solved by proper material choice or alternate blower location. Numerous alternates for by-product ammonium sulfate handling are reviewed, providing alternate means of processing.

College Museum Notes

Somewhat overlooked in the midst of the celebrations and the nationwide publicity occasioned by the formal presentation to the nation of the great gift of works of art by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation last year was the “Study Collection Program” which was an integral and anything but negligible part of this huge art project. The nature of the activities of the Kress Foundation in the arts cannot but be well-known to anyone interested in the fine arts in the United States. Through publications of all varieties, the nature of the stupendous gift of the Foundation to the National Gallery and to the eighteen museums scattered across the nation, from the Eastern Seaboard to Hawaii, has already been given the attention due it. Only mentioned in passing, however, has been the Study Collection Program which one might consider of even greater importance to teaching institutions who concern themselves with the study of the history of art. To be sure, even the great gift to the National Gallery and to the other large museums has, beyond its obvious value, an aspect making it particularly important for advanced study in the field. As a result of the labors of its Research Curators, the late William Suida, and now Mrs. Fern Rusk Shapley, the Foundation has so thoroughly studied and documented the hundreds of paintings and sculptures which were presented to the country in December, that this data alone forms a body of research materials of inestimable value for future scholars in the field. In spite of the vastness of the scope of the whole Kress program, however, one must admit that munificent gifts of works of art have been made to museums in this country before and it is not for this alone that the Kress Foundation Program merits such a unique position in the history of American philanthropy in art. It does so, primarily, for the truly transcontinental scope of its benefaction and even more, for its concern with the future appreciation of all these works of art through providing, as an integral part of its program, colleges and universities with original works of art for use as study material, directing attention thereby to a study of actual works of art.