Color Area Research Articles

Ovarian, uterine and luteal hemodynamic variations between pregnant and non-pregnant pluriparous Egyptian buffalos with special reference to their anatomical and histological features

This study determined the ovarian, uterine, and luteal hemodynamic variations using Doppler between pregnant and non-pregnant pluriparous buffalos in relation to their anatomical and histological basics during the first 31 days after natural mating. Adult healthy cyclic Egyptian buffalo (n = 10) were selected and categorized into two groups; group 1 (n = 5) was mated naturally by a fertile bull during the late estrus phase, and group 2 (n = 5) was not mated. Animals were subjected to Doppler ultrasonography to evaluate luteal, ovarian, and uterine blood flows from day 7 until day 31 post-mating. Besides, three pregnant (one month) and other non-pregnant uterus (n = 6) were obtained from a local abattoir to study the anatomical and histological features. Our results revealed that the luteal, ovarian, and uterine arteries cross-sectional diameters/mm increased (P < 0.05) from day 7 till day 31. Resistance (RI) and pulsatility indices (PI) decreased linearly (P < 0.05) in pregnant buffalos till day 31, but the peak systolic, end diastolic velocities and flow volume of those arteries were increased. Additionally, luteal colored areas away and toward CL were increased (P < 0.05) in the pregnant group compared to non-pregnant ones. There was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the lumen diameter of luteal, ovarian, and uterine artery sections in pregnant buffalos compared to those of non-pregnant ones. While the mean value of tunica media's thickness of both luteal and uterine artery was significantly higher in non-pregnant buffalos than pregnant ones, except for that of the ovarian artery. Additionally, the ovarian and uterine artery tunica muscularis relative area % was (P < 0.05) higher in pregnant buffalos than in non-pregnant ones, except for that of the luteal artery. It was concluded that in pregnant buffalos, ovarian, uterine, and luteal blood flows were improved from the first week until 31 days post-mating via a decline in both Doppler indices with an increase in Doppler velocities and blood flow volume in relation to their histological changes based on their anatomical architecture in comparison to non-pregnant one.

A colour-based image segmentation method for the measurement of masticatory performance in older adults

Masticatory efficiency in older adults is an important parameter for the assessment of their oral health and quality of life. This study presents a measurement method based on the automatic segmentation of two-coloured chewing gum based on a &lt;em&gt;K&lt;/em&gt;-means clustering algorithm. The solution proposed aims to quantify the mixed areas of colour in order to evaluate masticatory performance in different dental conditions. The samples were provided by ‘two-colour mixing’ tests, currently the most used technique for the evaluation of masticatory efficacy, because of its simplicity, low acquisition times and reduced cost. The image analysis results demonstrated a high discriminative power, providing results in an automatic manner and reducing errors caused by manual segmentation. This approach thus provides a feasible and robust solution for the segmentation of chewed samples. Validation was carried out by means of a reference software, demonstrating a good correlation (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;= 0.64) and the higher sensitivity of the proposed method (+75 %). Tests on patients with different oral conditions demonstrated that the &lt;em&gt;K&lt;/em&gt;-means segmentation method enabled the automatic classification of patients with different masticatory conditions, providing results in a shorter time period (20 chewing cycles instead of 50).

An improved algorithm using weighted guided coefficient and union self‐adaptive image enhancement for single image haze removal

The visibility of outdoor images is usually significantly degraded by haze. Existing dehazing algorithms, such as dark channel prior (DCP) and colour attenuation prior (CAP), have made great progress and are highly effective. However, they all suffer from the problems of dark distortion and detailed information loss. This paper proposes an improved algorithm for single-image haze removal based on dark channel prior with weighted guided coefficient and union self-adaptive image enhancement. First, a weighted guided coefficient method with sampling based on guided image filtering is proposed to refine the transmission map efficiently. Second, the k-means clustering method is adopted to calibrate the original image into bright and non-bright colour areas and form a transmission constraint matrix. The constraint matrix is then marked by connected-component labelling, and small bright regions are eliminated to form an atmospheric light constraint matrix, which can suppress the halo effect and optimize the atmospheric light. Finally, an adaptive linear contrast enhancement algorithm with a union score is proposed to optimize restored images. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can overcome the problems of image distortion and detailed information loss and is more efficient than conventional dehazing algorithms.

Thermal aging performance of glass fiber/polyphenylene sulfide composites in high temperature

AbstractIn order to use the glass fiber reinforced polyphenylene sulfide composites (GF/PPS) in high temperature environments, thermal aging performance of two kinds of commercial grade PPS composites, reinforced by 40% glass fiber, PPS‐G40 HM and 1140L4, in thermal aging temperature of 250°C was compared by tensile strength, oxidized layer, color, crystallization and melting behavior. The results showed that tensile strength of GF/PPS composites is significantly decreased with increasing of aging time below 200 h and the tensile strength of aged PPS‐G40 HM is higher than that of aged 1140L4. The thickness of dark color area is increased with increasing of aging time. The thickness of oxidized layer of 1140L4 is thinner than that of PPS‐G40 HM. However, the color of oxidized layer of PPS‐G40 HM is lighter than that of 1140L4. The recrystallization in thermal aging results in the formation of crystal with higher melting point and increased melting temperature of GF/PPS composites. It is found that addition of epoxy resin can increase the initial mechanical property and improve the thermal aging performance of GF/PPS composites. A novel modified GF/PPS composite with higher thermal aging properties was obtained.

The Association Between pH and Fluorescence as Noninvasive Diagnostic Tools in Chronic Wounds.

MolecuLight i:X is a noninvasive, portable device that captures images, measures wound areas, and allows the evaluation of the bacterial environment in real time. The aim of the study was to correlate the different fluorescence (light green, red, cyan) and dark red-purple-black color areas with average pH values in these areas and with average wound bed score (WBS). During a 4-week period, we enrolled 43 adult patients (23 females and 20 males) with clinically infected and uninfected chronic ulcers. In our study, the mean age was 68 years old. The etiologies were 21 venous ulcers, 3 arterial ulcers, 4 vasculitis, 7 pyoderma gangrenosum, 7 traumatic ulcers, and 1 neoplastic ulcer. The average area was 16.92 cm2 and the average WBS was 9.17. A total of 16 ulcers (37%) were positive for clinical signs and symptoms of infection and 27 ulcers were negative (63%). Thirty-six ulcers emitted a single fluorescence: cyan (n = 13), red (n = 1), light green (n = 14), and dark red-purple-black (n = 8). Six wounds showed a double fluorescence area: red and cyan (n = 1) and cyan and light green (n = 5). One ulcer emitted a triple fluorescence area: red, cyan, and light green. Overall in 43 ulcers, we found 43 fluorescence and 8 dark red-purple-black color. We found significant data between pH and fluorescence. pH values on wound bed confirm in a noninvasive way the correlation between fluorescence and bacterial burden. Moreover, MolecuLight i:X is able to detect objectively the bacterial proliferation, in contrast with pH which cannot distinguish different types of bacteria.

Honest signals and sexual conflict: Female lizards carry undesirable indicators of quality.

Sex differences in animal coloration often result from sex‐dependent regulatory mechanisms. Still, some species exhibit incomplete sexual dimorphism as females carry a rudimentary version of a costly male trait, leading to intralocus sexual conflict. The underlying physiology and condition dependence of these traits can inform why such conflicts remain unresolved. In eastern fence lizards (Sceloporus undulatus), blue iridophore badges are found in males and females, but melanin pigmentation underneath and surrounding badges is male‐exclusive. We track color saturation and area of badges across sexual maturity, and their relationship to individual quality (body condition and immunocompetence) and relevant hormones (testosterone and corticosterone). Saturation and testosterone were positively correlated in both sexes, but hormone and trait had little overlap between males and females. Saturation was correlated with body condition and immunocompetence in males but not in females. Co‐regulation by androgens may have released females from resource allocation costs of color saturation, even when in high condition. Badge area was independent of testosterone, but associated with low corticosterone in females, indicating that a nonsex hormone underlies incomplete sexual dimorphism. Given the evidence in this species for female reproductive costs associated with ornamentation, this sex‐nonspecific regulation of an honest signal may underlie intralocus sexual conflict.

Ratiometric temperature sensing behavior of dual-emitting Ce3+/Tb3+ co-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal with high relative sensitivity

The Na5Y9F32 single crystals doped with fixed 0.5 mol% Ce3+ and various concentrations of Tb3+ (0, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mol%) were grown by Bridgeman method. The luminescent properties, energy transfer (ET) and the ratiometric temperature sensing behavior were studied thoroughly. Under 315 nm excitation, the Ce3+/Tb3+ co-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal mainly presented two emissions at blue 385 nm (Ce3+:5d→4 f) and green 545 nm (Tb3+:5D4→7F5). The color area can undergo from the purple-blue region (0.1643, 0.0768) to the green region (0.2585, 0.3604) by altering the content of Tb3+ ion from 0 to 0.8 mol%. The energy transfer between the Ce3+ and Tb3+ ions was confirmed by decay curves with emission spectra, and the maximum energy transfer efficiency (ETE) were estimated to be 45.1%. The mechanism of dipole-dipole interaction (d-d) for energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+ can be explained by the formula of Dexter’s energy transfer. The fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of blue and green emission showed a linear relationship with temperature varying from 298 K to 473 K in the 0.5 mol% Ce3+/0.8 mol% Tb3+ co-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal. Meanwhile, the 0.5 mol% Ce3+/0.8 mol% Tb3+ co-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal possessed higher absolute sensitivity (Sa) of 0.0157 K−1, relative sensitivity (Sr) of 1.18% K−1 and temperature resolution (δT) of 0.086 K. By using the integrating spheres, the quantum yield (QY) of 0.5 mol% Ce3+/0.8 mol% Tb3+ co-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal was measured as ~16.88%. These excellent optical properties suggest that the Ce3+/Tb3+ co-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystal with stable physical-chemical properties could have a far-reaching application prospect for the ratiometric optical thermometry.

Aiding the cleaning of four 19th-century Tsimshian house posts: investigation of museum-applied surface coatings and original polychromy

The collection of the American Museum of Natural History, New York, includes a set of four elaborately painted 19th-century Tsimshian house posts that have been on continuous open display for more than a century. Over time, these objects have accumulated surface grime, and several coating layers applied in undocumented past restoration campaigns, some of which have yellowed with age. The combination of heavy soiling and multiple coatings has obscured the underlying polychromy, shifting the colors of the wood and paints, and yielding improper surface appearances. Further, some of the coatings appeared to have sunk into the media-lean paints, complicating removal. Questions regarding the number, types, and timing of coating applications, as well as the nature of some of the paint below, set the stage for an in-depth technical study aiming to inform the conservation treatment of these poles being undertaken in connection with the renovation of the Northwest Coast Hall at the museum. Microscopic examination of numerous cross sections removed from the four house posts under polarized and ultraviolet (UV) illumination shed light on the number of coating layers present in selected areas and their location in relation to the overall stratigraphy. Micro-invasive analysis of samples relied on a combination of spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, including transmission Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection (ATR)-FTIR spectroscopy, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), aiming to determine the exact chemical composition of the coatings. Portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF), FTIR, Raman, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopies (SEM/EDS) provided insight into the color palette used, with a focus on green paints. Investigation of the coatings revealed the application of multiple layers, including cellulose nitrate and localized areas of polyvinyl acetal. Analysis of the paint identified a limited range of inorganic pigments and, additionally, assisted in tackling issues that arose during the cleaning of specific colored areas. Results from this technical study helped address outstanding questions regarding this group of historical Tsimshian house posts, informing the development of a suitable treatment tailored to the safe removal or reduction of surface coatings and grime, ultimately improving the legibility of the design and colors.

Surface Modification of Nano-Biosilica Extracted from Rice Husk using A Silane Coupling Agent

Nano-biosilica extracted from rice husk, an abundant by-product of rice milling, has many potential applications in industry. However, the high amount of hydroxyl group in silica make it easy to adsorb moisture and form aggregates that are difficult to distribute in the hydrophobic matrices. This research aimed to modify the surface of nano-biosilica by using a coupling agent and characterize the changes in physical properties. Nano-biosilica was extracted using a sol–gel technique and treated with a silane coupling agent (bis-(triethoxy-silyl-propyl) tetrasulfide/TESPT) at concentrations of 0–20%. Characterization included colour (chromametry), weight increase (gravimetry), crystallinity (X-Ray Diffraction/XRD), microscopic structure (Scanning Electron Microscopy/SEM), functional groups (Fourier Transform – Infrared Spectroscopy/FT-IR), silica content (X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy/XRF), and specific pore surface area (Brunauer Emmett-Teller/BET). Crystallinity decreased with the increase in silane concentration, indicating more amorphous structures of surface-modified nano-biosilica. This was confirmed by a more porous surface structure in the silane-treated nano-biosilica as shown under SEM observation. FT-IR analysis exhibited some peaks at methylene bounds at the surface-modified nano-biosilica demonstrating its interaction with TESPT. The silica content (SiO2) and the specific pore surface area of the treated nanobiosilica decreased, confirming the presence of TESPT on the surface. This study provides more potential applications of nano-biosilica as a filler agent.

Real-Time FPGA Implementation of Parallel Connected Component Labelling for a 4K Video Stream

In this paper, a hardware implementation in reconfigurable logic of a single-pass connected component labelling (CCL) and connected component analysis (CCA) module is presented. The main novelty of the design is the support of a video stream in 2 and 4 pixel per clock format (2 and 4 ppc) and real-time processing of 4K/UHD video stream (3840 x 2160 pixels) at 60 frames per second. We discuss several approaches to the issue and present in detail the selected ones. The proposed module was verified in an exemplary application – skin colour areas segmentation – on the ZCU 102 and ZCU 104 evaluation boards equipped with Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC devices.

Automated Brand Color Accuracy for Realtime Video

<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">The perception of color in sports teams and branding alike is a highly valued asset in broadcasting and marketing that is worth protecting. The appearance of color is impacted by many factors including capture source, ambient light, and the limitations of screen technology. The current industry practice involves manual adjustment by a technician, who corrects the footage from a dozen or more camera feeds in realtime. This method adjusts the entire video frame based on the producer’s instructions. This paper presents a -pending, machine-learning approach titled “ColorNet” that targets brand color areas of a frame to output a color-corrected feed in realtime. Initial tests of ColorNet demonstrate the ability to reproduce manually created correction masks with high accuracy, while also being computationally efficient. Discussion includes system training and development and plans for a beta test where the system will be applied during a live broadcast of a sporting event in partnership with Clemson University Athletics</i> .

Ultrasensitive Microfluidic Paper-Based Electrochemical/Visual Analytical Device via Signal Amplification of Pd@Hollow Zn/Co Core-Shell ZIF67/ZIF8 Nanoparticles for Prostate-Specific Antigen Detection.

An effective signal amplification strategy is essential to enhance the analytical performance of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) for tracing biomarkers. Here, a simple but efficient approach with superior electrocatalytic performance of Pd@hollow Zn/Co core-shell ZIF67/ZIF8 nanoparticles for regulating the efficacious signal amplification process was utilized to realize the detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). By rationally designing the core-shell structure of ZIF67/ZIF8 with hollow characteristics on the nanoscale and introducing the noble metal element Pd into the cavity, the diffusion limitation and porous confinement reduction of the obtained nanomaterials with uniform morphology and satisfactory chemical stability could be realized, which endowed it with better catalytic performance than solid metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and ensured effective signal amplification of H2O2 reduction for achieving enhanced electrochemical signals. Moreover, with the assistance of signal probes, the remaining H2O2 could flow to the color area to catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine to form a colored product by changing the spatial configuration of the μPAD, thus realizing the visual detection of PSA. On the basis of this novel analytical device, dual-mode ultrasensitive detection of PSA could be achieved with a lower limit of detection of 0.78 pg/mL (S/N = 3) and a wider linear range from 5 pg/mL to 50 ng/mL. This work provided the opportunity of introducing the noble metal element Pd into the cavity of the MOF hollow structure to improve its electrocatalytic efficiency and construct a high-performance μPAD for clinical detection of other biomarkers.

Lithography-free and Highly Angle Sensitive Structural Coloration Using Fabry\u2013Perot Resonance of Tin

Recently, there has been much interest in applying the color changes of nano-patterned structures to sensor technology. However, the lithographic nano-patterning process is not environmentally friendly, and it is difficult to fabricate large areas of color due to limitations associated with this approach. In this study, we realized a highly tunable structural coloration based on a Fabry–Perot interferometer design that does not require nano-patterning processes. To increase the reflected color change according to the angle, a color element using an asymmetric metal–insulator–metal structure was applied, fabricated using silver–silicon dioxide–tin (Sn), respectively. Using the optical properties of Sn, we maximized the change in reflection color and realized three primary colors of subtractive color of cyan, magenta and yellow according to the angle of designed MIM structure. Theoretical and experimental results revealed that the color and intensity of the reflectance depended strongly on the angle of the reflective surfaces. The manufacturing process is simple and yields large surfaces of high quality. Based on this premise, we fabricated a soft robot capable of color camouflage, and an angle-detecting color sensor for inspecting the three-dimensional shape quality of curved glass with a high sensitivity of 1.8 nm/degree. In addition, we propose a shape evaluation method by color, spectrometry, and monochromatic light.

Single-wall carbon nano tubes (SWCNTs) penetrate Thymus daenensis Celak. plant cells and increase secondary metabolite accumulation in vitro

Single-wall carbon nano tubes (SWCNTs) encourage the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds in plants. The current study examined how SWCNTs affect morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of Thyme (Thymus daenensis) callus culture. Sterilized seeds were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Ten-day-old seedlings were used as explants and were cultured on MS media containing 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) (2 mg l−1) and benzyl amino purine (BAP) (4 mg l−1). These media were treated with various concentrations of SWCNTs (25, 50, 100, 125, and 250 μg ml−1). A medium without SWCNTs was considered as the control. This study finding revealed that SWCNTs induce changes in callus morphology (i.e. color changes, area, fresh, and dry weight) and physiology (i.e. water content and dehydrogenase activity) as SWCNTs activate antioxidant molecules and some related enzymes (e.g. peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and Dehydrogenase (DHA)). SWCNTs contribute to the accumulation of compounds that are pharmacologically active (e.g. phenolic acids and flavonoids) in a concentration-dependent manner. Adding SWCNTs to the extracts of callus created a variety of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities in the extracts. At the cellular level, optical microscopic images indicated that SWCNTs can reasonably promote cell elongation and reduce chloroplast numbers. Following the addition of SWCNTs to the media, after 30 and 60 days, SWCNTs (50 μg ml−1) were found to encourage better growth in terms of both fresh (0.683 ± 0.50 g, 1.667 ± 1.18 g) and dry biomass (0.058 ± 0.12 g, 0.266 ± 0.17 g), respectively. Also, SWCNTs (50 μg ml−1) increased total phenolic content (TPC) (1.290 ± 0.19 mg GAE g −1 DW), total flavonoids content (TFC) (2.113 ± 0.05 mg QUE g −1 DW), antioxidant activity (74.93 ± 3.1 %), Rosmarinic acid (22.10 ± 0.011 mg. g−1DW), Trans-ferulic acid (0.29 ± 0.02 mg. g−1DW), Catechin (0.44 ± 0.002 mg. g−1DW), Hesperedin (0.45 ± 0.02 mg. g−1DW), Vanilin (0.13 ± 0.01 mg. g−1DW), Carvacrol (0.068 ± 0.01 mg. g−1DW) and enzymes that facilitate the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds like PAL (32.94 ± 13.2 mM cm g −1 FW). In addition, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of T. daenensis callus cells revealed how SWCNTs nano materials can penetrate callus cells and then aggregate together in the cytoplasm and in the cell wall.

Liver Mesenchymal Hamartoma

Liver Mesenchymal Hamartoma (LMH) is a rare benign lesion occurring primarily in the pediatric population. The pathogenesis is not certain, although an association has been seen with abnormal mesodermal synchronous development in the portal tract. A 4-year-old female patient, with no relevant personal and family history, was evaluated for abdominal distension. Hepatomegaly was detected as a casual finding. Image tests showed a multiseptae cystic lesion in the right lobe of the liver. Gross pathological review of the lesion identified a cystic consistency tumor occupying the entire right lobe and displacing suprahepatic vessels, gallbladder and vascular pedicle. Complete dissection was performed. Histologically studies showed a smooth and shiny external surface, multiloculated, with a liquid content exit of yellowish coloration and thickened walls with areas of yellowish coloration and focally of increased consistency. The mass consisted on cystic neoplasm of thickened walls and abundant vessels, with calcified areas, as well as dilated biliary and lymphatic ducts and mild associated chronic inflammatory component. The patient was discharged home on postoperative day seven. A review of the literature for LMH in children reports a few publications, most of them limited to case reports. LMH has the potential for mixed pathology, multifocality, incomplete regression and rare malignant transformation, so it is important to make a correct differential diagnosis in order to not underdiagnose.

The effects of color combinations, luminance contrast, and area ratio on icon visual search performance

The visual search of icons in a digital interface plays an important role in human-computer interaction. In this behavior study about the visual search of graphic symbols, the effects of the color combination, luminance contrast, and icon area ratio were investigated. A total of 28 participants (12 men and 16 women, ages ranging from 20 to 28 years, Mean = 22.4, SD = 1.7) were asked to perform an icon search task. Participants’ icon search accuracy and response times were measured as a function of the following independent variables: three levels of area ratios, four background colors, four foreground colors, and three levels of luminance contrast. The results showed that although there was no significant main effect of luminance contrast on the icon search accuracy, participants responded more quickly to medium luminance contrast than low or high luminance contrast. Similarly, the medium or low area ratio was more conducive to the participants identifying icons. Moreover, a strong interaction was observed between the effects of luminance contrast and icon area ratio. The icon search performance of the high luminance contrast improved significantly as the figure/background area ratio decreased. Icon color combinations also significantly affected visual search performance. White on black, yellow on black, turquoise on black, white on red, yellow on red, and white on purple resulted in better performance than other color combinations. The findings of this study provide useful guidelines for designing more efficient and user-friendly icons and interfaces in the future.

Forest Fire Compound Feature Monitoring Technology Based on Infrared and Visible Binocular Vision

Forest fire prevention is the basic guarantee for building ecological civilization. At present, the main problems of forest fire monitoring based on video are that the algorithm recognition generality is not strong, the algorithm has poor real-time performance, and the rate of missing and false alarm is relatively high. In order to improve the fire recognition rate and real-time, in this project we intend to carry out the following research work: (1) using the ratio of infrared radiation energy of adjacent channels to determine the temperature of ignition point hidden under vegetation in forest areas, screening for the image feature processing of smoke flame in the later stage;(2) combining with infrared spectral feature analysis, the image color characteristics, area characteristics and roundness of forest smoke and flame are studied, and a multi-feature analysis algorithm is established;(3) to build a monitoring platform for forest fire detection based on infrared and visible binocular vision. According to the different characteristics of infrared and visible images, the multi-feature recognition algorithm of video images and the infrared spectral features are studied to detect whether the current monitoring area is abnormal in temperature, smoke or flame. Finally, the ground coordinates of current fire alarm are located by GIS map data, so as to realize the early automatic alarm display of fire situation. Therefore, the solution of forest fire compound feature recognition algorithm based on infrared and visible light can realize the early recognition of forest fire, reduce disaster loss, and help to promote the construction of ecological civilization in China.

Evaluation of ovarian hemodynamics by color and spectral Doppler in cows stimulated with three sources of follicle-stimulating hormone

This study hypothesized that ovarian response for superovulation is better when using compounds containing luteinizing hormone (LH). To compare the ovarian responses and the ovarian blood flow using three gonadotropins, three equal groups of Holstein cows (N = 18) were treated with Pluset (P), Follitropin (F), and eCG (G). The ovarian response was evaluated from the day of starting treatments (Day -5) till Day 5 after ovulation using Doppler ultrasound. Results revealed that the ovarian arteries pulsatility index (PI), peak systolic velocity (PSV), and the blood flow volume (BFV) varied (P < 0.0001) between both ovarian arteries. Cows treated with P had low number of small and medium follicles and a high number of the large follicles on Day -1. Cows treated with F showed low (P = 0.0001) number and percentage of colored follicles and high % of ovulated follicles (P=0.0001) that obtained high colored areas (P = 0.043) and colored area % (P = 0.001). The G produced more (P = 0.001) colored follicles (Days -1, 0) of low area. Both P and G had the same higher (P = 0.0001) percentages of colored follicles (>80 %) on Day-1 than F (<60 %). F and P had higher ovulated colored follicles % than G. P obtained nearly the same ovulated follicles diameters and areas as F with higher antrum area (P = 0.029) but lower colored area (P = 0.043) and colored area % (P = 0.001). In conclusion, the number and the doses of gonadotropin injections and the side of the ovary influenced the ovarian response.

A Violation Information Recognition Method of Live‐Broadcasting Platform Based on Machine Learning Technology

With the development of the live broadcast industry, security issues in the live broadcast process have become increasingly apparent. At present, the supervision of various live broadcast platforms is basically in a state of human supervision. Manpower supervision is mainly through user reporting and platform supervision measures. However, there are a large number of live broadcast rooms at the same time, and only relying on human supervision can no longer meet the monitoring needs of live broadcasts. Based on this situation, this study proposes a violation information recognition method of a live‐broadcasting platform based on machine learning technology. By analyzing the similarities and differences between normal live broadcasts and violation live broadcasts, combined with the characteristics of violation image data, this study mainly detects human skin color and sensitive parts. A prominent feature of violation images is that they contain a large area of naked skin, and the ratio of the area of naked skin to the overall image area of the violation image will exceed the threshold. Skin color recognition plays a role in initial target positioning. The accuracy of skin color recognition is directly related to the recognition accuracy of the entire system, so skin color recognition is the most important part of violation information recognition. Although there are many effective skin color recognition technologies, the accuracy and stability of skin color recognition still need to be improved due to the influence of various external factors, such as light intensity, light source color, and physical equipment. When it is detected that the area of the skin color in the live screen exceeds the threshold, it is preliminarily determined to be a suspected violation video. In order to improve the recognition accuracy, it is necessary to detect sensitive parts of the suspected video. Naked female breasts are a very obvious feature in violation images. This study uses a chest feature extraction method to detect the chest in the image. When the recognition result is a violation image, it is determined that the live broadcast involves violation content. The machine learning algorithm is simple to implement, and the parameters are easy to adjust. The classifier training requires a short time and is suitable for live violation information recognition scenarios. The experimental results on the adopted data set show that the method used in this article can effectively detect videos with violation content. The recognition rate is as high as 85.98%, which is suitable for a real‐life environment and has good practical significance.

Comparison of cooling methods on denture base adaptation of rapid heat-cured acrylic using a three-dimensional superimposition technique.

Aim:To investigate the effect of different cooling methods on denture base adaptation of rapid heat-cured acrylic resin using 3D superimposition technique.Setting and Design:In vitro - Comparative study.Materials and Methods:Denture base adaptation of two different rapid heat-cured polymethyl methacrylate acrylic resins using five different cooling methods were compared. Forty maxillary edentulous stone cast were prepared to produce the denture bases with standardized thickness. The specimens were divided into five groups (n = 8) according to type of materials and cooling methods. The master stone cast and all forty denture bases were scanned with 3Shape E1 laboratory scanner. The scanned images of each of the denture bases were superimposed over the scanned image of the master cast using Materialize 3-matic software. Three dimensional differences between the two surfaces were calculated and color surface maps were generated for visual qualitative assessment.Statistical Analysis Used:Generalized Linear Model Test, Bonferroni Post Hoc Analysis.Results:All bench-cooled specimens showed wide green-colored area in the overall palatal surface, while the rapid cooled specimens presented with increased red color areas especially at the palate and post dam area. Generalized Linear Model test followed by Bonferroni post hoc analysis showed significant difference in the root mean square values among the specimen groups.Conclusion:Samples that were bench cooled, demonstrated better overall accuracy compared to the rapid cooling groups. Regardless of need for shorter denture processing time, bench cooling of rapid heat-cured PMMA is essential for acceptable denture base adaptation.