Bank Area Research Articles

Cetaceans of the Saya de Malha bank region, Indian Ocean: A candidate Important Marine Mammal Area

The banks of Saya de Malha and the surrounding Mascarene Plateau in the Indian Ocean are among the least studied shallow sea water regions in the world. The steep sloping bathymetry of this region is thought to drive high levels of primary productivity and support a diverse range of marine species. Until now, no surveys for cetaceans have been conducted in the waters surrounding Saya de Malha, and so the diversity of cetaceans is unknown. Opportunistic visual and acoustic surveys for cetaceans were conducted onboard a platform of opportunity, the MY Arctic Sunrise, which was involved in a wider project to document the marine life in the region. Survey effort was conducted over 7,700 km, with twelve species of cetacean encountered, including Bryde’s, sperm, beaked and killer whales, along with spinner, striped, pantropical spotted and bottlenose dolphins. A match of a sperm whale coda vocalisation to another, well-studied population off the coast of Mauritius suggests possible connectivity between these regions although further data would be required to confirm this. The banks of Saya de Malha appear to support a diverse range of cetacean species and further systematic surveys are required to increase our understanding of how different species utilise the banks. We provide whistle contours from visually confirmed acoustic detections to contribute towards building a region-specific whistle classifier. Given the diversity of species detected in the region, we suggest that the Saya de Malha bank area be designated, either as an Important Marine Mammal Area or as a marine protected area.

Analysis of demand for Takaful insurance: a case study in Iran

Purpose The Islamic financial system consists of three functional areas of Islamic banking, Islamic insurance and the Islamic capital market, which, with its development and progress, has become an important part of the global financial market and as an alternative, efficient financial model in front of the financial system. Takaful insurance is a relatively new but growing sector of the Islamic financial industry. Today, this insurance has attracted the attention of many researchers and executives. To further improve, it is important to identify the key factors according to the demand and also to evaluate their importance. In Iran’s insurance industry, Takaful product has not yet been released, and insurers have recently entered this field. Therefore, the purpose of this paper, an attempt has been made to identify the factors affecting the demand for Takaful insurance in Iran. The results of this research can be useful for policymakers and Takaful providers in formulating appropriate strategies to increase the demand for Takaful insurance. Design/methodology/approach In this regard, in this research, using library studies, indicators affecting demand were identified. After that, using a field study and distributing a questionnaire among experts in the field of research, the importance of the indicators was analyzed relative to each other and the indicators were ranked based on their importance. Findings Based on the results, the indicators are divided into five categories of economic, social, demographic, marketing and sales and features of Takaful insurance products. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study regarding the identification and ranking of factors affecting the demand for Takaful insurance in Iran’s insurance industry.

The incorporation of fintechs into the banking sector: The fintech N26 as a case study

Using breakthrough technology, fintech companies have created new business models in the financial industry. This has a profound effect on the standard operating procedures, services, and products of the banking area, as well as on the incumbent institutions themselves. This rapidly growing business sector forces the whole banking industry to reconsider its previous business models. It also has implications for cost structure, efficiency, and future service delivery. Furthermore, these fintech startups appeal to the younger, more technologically sophisticated population. This underlines the crucial importance of dealing with fintechs in regard to their position and competitiveness. This article aims to provide insight into the evolution of fintechs in the banking sector. Furthermore, these companies’ success attributes should be emphasised, as well as the differences to an established bank. For this purpose, a descriptive and comparative literature review was conducted. In addition, a case study of the N26 business model was performed and analysed. According to the findings, there is a substantial knowledge about fintech startups and their business strategies . In addition, these companies have the potential to continue to establish themselves in the banking sector. The banking industry is still in need of significant development, which is why fintechs should be considered.

The Financial Appeal Bodies of the European Union: Nature and Future of the Appeal Panel of the Single Resolution Board

Abstract 936The three financial appeal bodies established in the EU (Board of Appeal of the European Supervisory Authorities, Administrative Board of Review of the SSM, and Appeal Panel of the Single Resolution Board) have certainly a number of advantages. Particularly, their technical expertise in matters of financial supervision and resolution makes them well placed to understand the intricacies, complexities and reactions of financial markets. The members of these bodies are individuals of high repute, with a proven record of relevant knowledge and professional experience and are not bound by any instructions, thereby acting independently and in the public interest. Yet, there are also drawbacks as the nature of these financial appeal bodies is hybrid, quasi-judicial, combining features from both advisory committees and courts of justice. Also, the legal regime applicable to these financial appeal bodies is both complex and not uniform. The rationale of the new European financial regulatory regime post GFC, which prompted the creation of the appeal bodies, resides in the primacy of financial stability and public interest considerations. Although there is no doubt that administrative decisions need to be motivated if they are to be reviewed, most of such decisions in the area of banking and finance are very complex and yet timing is crucial for them to be effective. On these grounds, legitimacy and accountability are of utmost importance for any democratic system to properly function; however, the more complex the activity, the more difficult it is to establish clear standards of conduct and specific outcomes.937

Image Processing: Comparison and Analysis of Image Formats

Abstract: As technology is growing drastically day by day, undoubtedly there is a rapid increase in demand for image processing in every field. Each day billions of images are clicked. Collecting and analyzing those images may give us amazing results in our real-time applications. There are many different applications of image processing in the areas of space, medical, traffic, and banking, such as planet discovery, brain tumor detection, fraud detection, and object detection, etc. The objective of this research is to compare images of different formats, different resolutions, and different sizes and analyze the differences between them. We have used open-source Python libraries, OpenCV, and Pillow which are helpful in the computer vision area. Our analysis found that working with the pillow library is more accurate than working with the OpenCV library.

ROBUST MANGROVE CHANNEL ASSESSMENT FOR MANGROVE CHANNEL VULNERABILITY VALUATION: A CONCEPT

Despite being a highly beneficial marine ecosystem that offers unique habitats and biodiversity opportunities, mangrove areas have significantly degraded in recent decades due to unsustainable use, particularly along creeks and channels. This degradation will eventually have an impact on the services provided by mangrove forests, with factors such as sea level rise and human activities being found to be contributing factors. Changes in channel morphology caused by these factors also lead to the loss of mangrove trees in bank areas. While such changes occur naturally over long periods, the increasing prevalence of ecotourism activities is accelerating their effects. Even though some valuations with complex assessment have been developed but, those complexity are not viable to be carried out easily by community and the assessment through the mangrove channel have not yet been well addressed. Thus, this paper proposed a feasible assessment focusing on mangrove channel that is robust and practical for implementation. The two main objectives of this study are to thoroughly investigate relevant parameters and to examine appropriately the parameters rank for mangrove channel vulnerability assessment. The proposed assessment should include six important parameters which signifies their importance to the mangrove channel environment. All parameters studied will be rank from one to five (lowest to highest) to indicates their contribution to the mangrove channel vulnerability. The total average scores of the parameters will determine the vulnerability status of a particular mangrove channel. Keeping track of the state of mangrove channels is crucial for achieving sustainable development, even in situations where climate factors are beyond our control. The proposed concept should be evaluated and perhaps it will be useful in the exploration of mangrove and brings mutual benefits between the community and the environment.

Exploring the Arising Corona Virus Research in the Field of Banking Area: A Bibliometric Approach

Exploring the Arising Corona Virus Research in the Field of Banking Area: A Bibliometric Approach

Integrating petrophysical, geological and geomechanical modelling to assess stress states, overpressure development and compartmentalisation adjacent to a salt wall, gulf of Mexico

Multi-well pressure data from the Magnolia Field, located on a flank of the salt-bounded Titan passive mini-basin in the Garden Banks area of the continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico, indicate remarkably high overpressures that vary, at similar depths, by up to 10 MPa between sand bodies 1 km apart. In the present paper, we integrate geological and geophysical analysis with 2D forward hydro-mechanical evolutionary modelling to assess the contribution of both disequilibrium compaction and diapir-related tectonic loading to the observed overpressure and to understand controls on pressure compartmentalisation. The 2D finite element evolutionary model captured the sedimentation of isolated sand channels bounded by mud-dominated sediments close to a rising salt wall which led to tectonic loading on sediments. Comparison of results from the 2D and 1D models shows that disequilibrium compaction can explain most of the overpressure as a result of very rapid deposition of mainly mud-rich, low permeability sediments; tectonic loading contributes around 7% of the observed overpressure. The models also show that linked to the high sedimentation rates, small variations in the permeability and connectivity of the mud-rich sections that bound the channel sands result in highly compartmentalised pressure distributions in adjacent sand bodies.

High Impact Research in Finance: Role of Bisociation and Creativity

High impact research in our fields of banking and finance, and more broadly that of economics, can take three main forms: (1) solving the major unsolved problems in the field, (2) posing major questions/ problems to be solved, and (3) providing a new framework/ approach to synthesize current and extant knowledge in the field. We analyze some recent research in different areas of banking and finance (institutions, risk, governance, bank capital/ regulation, innovation) with a view to distil the creative processes at work. We find that the common themes that emerge are consistent with the theory of bisociation proposed by Koestler in his seminal 1964 book, “The Act of Creation”. We also provide a simple combinatorial exercise in the process of creativity that can be used by the reader by adapting to the topics and areas of her research.

Macroprudential Inclusive Policy: Strategies for Banking Sustainability in Indonesia During the Covid-19

The main challenge that remains in the process of economic recovery and financial system stability in Indonesia is restoring the banking intermediation function. The purpose of this research is to explain the macroprudential policy as one of the central bank policies in maintaining banking sustainability in Indonesia. This research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative method based on the philosophy of post-positivism. The data collection technique was carried out by interview, so that the final result gave rise to a statement or a thesis. The informants in this study are economic practitioners who are observers of banking monetary policy in Indonesia and senior managers of government bank areas who are experts in the formulation of bank monetary policy. Informants were selected using the snowball sampling technique. The results of this study conclude that macroprudential policies have an impact on the sustainability of banking in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. In general, macroprudential policies maintain the stability of the Indonesian financial system from two dimensions (cross-section and time series). This macroprudential policy is not a popular policy, but it is very important in order to prevent banking systemic risk in Indonesia.

Participatory Design of Waste Bank Management for Residents of RT 09 RW IX Sendangmulyo Semarang

Independent waste management has become a mandatory program for several areas in Semarang City. For the residents of RT IX RW IX, Sendang Mulyo Village, Semarang, this program has been implemented since 2020. The high enthusiasm of the residents made this activity require a container that can accommodate waste bank activities, from the collection, sorting, and weighing to transportation. This need triggered the architect's role in designing the waste bank area. Design sustainability requires architects to create valuable designs, so the participatory design method was chosen as the waste bank design method. The implementation process is carried out with four main stages, the first is observation and interviews, the second is making alternative designs, the third is public discussion and dissemination to the community, and the fourth is finalizing the design. The results of designing this waste bank design so that it has social value involves two main things: the space requirements of users (community and managers) and design efficiency in terms of dimensions and selection of facade materials. In future waste bank designs, you can explore both of these things.

Distinct modes of meltwater drainage and landform development beneath the last Barents Sea ice sheet

The flow of glacial ice is impacted by basal meltwater drainage systems that fluctuate on a continuum from distributed, high-pressure environments to channelized, lower pressure networks. Understanding the long-term development of dominant drainage modes and impacts on ice flow and landform development is a crucial step in predicting palaeo and contemporary ice-mass response to changes in climate. The spatial and temporal scales at which different drainage modes operate are largely unknown, and the geomorphological legacy of subglacial meltwater networks that evolve over a glaciation provide composite records of drainage system development. Here, we use high-resolution bathymetric data from shallow banks in the central Barents Sea to map the geomorphological imprint of meltwater drainage beneath the collapsing marine-based Barents Sea Ice Sheet (BSIS). We observe a succession of distinct meltwater landforms that provide relative timing constraints for subglacial drainage modes, indicating that extensive networks of channelized drainage were in operation during deglaciation. Interlinked basins and channels suggest that meltwater availability and drainage system development was influenced by filling and draining cycles in subglacial lakes. Networks of eskers also indicate near-margin meltwater conduits incised into basal ice during late-stage deglaciation, and we suggest that these systems were supplemented by increased inputs from supraglacial melting. The abundance of meltwater during the late stages of BSIS deglaciation likely contributed to elevated erosion of the sedimentary substrate and the mobilisation of subglacial sediments, providing a sediment source for the relatively abundant eskers found deposited across bank areas. A newly discovered beaded esker system over 67 km long in Hopendjupet constrains a fluctuating, but generally decelerating, pace of ice retreat from ∼1,600 m a−1 to ∼620 m a−1 over central Barents Sea bank areas during a 91-year timespan.

A Study on Public Sector Banks and Private Sector Banks: Customer Usage of Green Banking Initiatives – A Special Reference TO Internet Banking

This Paper Provides an outline of in experienced banking initiatives as an emerging trend for banking enterprise in India. The banking quarter systematic upgrade and blessings for banking system. The Indian banking region provide services in clients. The economic improvement and aggressive economic help with public area banks and private area banks in southern districts of Tamilnadu. The customer’s cognizance and utilization of green banking initiatives to evaluate the practices and progress of the banking sports in sustainable development of banking quarter. The fundamental goals of the have a look at the purchaser usage of green banking projects and consciousness of the services. The have a look at conceptual evaluation that green banking initiatives across the sustainable improvement of the banking quarter. The inexperienced banking offerings and tasks cognizance and conceptual sustainable increase environmental activities. The examine subsequently concludes the banking zone greater than awareness programme and projects associated activities. It diversification of sports in green banking projects have lot extra efforts from banking area in each public sector and private area banks in the examine vicinity.

Pengembangan area wisata ATV dan hammock di Dusun Trucuk, Kalurahan Triwidadi

The development of the ATV and hammock tourism area is part of the design of the community-based tourism region along the Progo River in Trucuk Hamlet. The design theme is natural and based on ecological principles. Minimal environmental intervention with a maximum provision of tourist facilities is carried out by by conserving the local vegetation maximally and selecting environmentally friendly construction materials and permeable surface materials. The ATV tourist area is the end of a series of areas with a bridge connecting this tourist area with the Progo River bank area on the other side. This area provides an ATV point and track and a playground. The hammock tourist area in the middle of the region functions as a resting point where visitors can lie down in the hammock, eat at a floating restaurant, and take a boat down the Progo River.

Trends in the Legal Regulation of ESG Banking under Sanctions

The sustainable Development agenda has long been a stable trend in the global economy. Russia has been included in this global theme for a long time. Legislation, regulations and recommendation documents were being developed in the country, special tools were being created, primarily in the banking sector. At the same time, the CODID-19 pandemic and the wave of sanctions pressure thatfollowed it raised the question of the expediency of further development of the ESG agenda in Russia. The article discusses the features of the legal regulation of ESG banking under the conditions of sanctions pressure. It is noted that the sustainable development agenda remains relevant in Russia, but is currently focused more on solving internal problems. The most important areas of ESG banking are: the development of universal terminology and a system of legal categories, taxonomy, ESG reporting, ratings, features of accounting for ESG factors in lending and financing procedures, as well as corporate governance and compliance control.Proposals are formulated to improve the regulatory and legal regulation of ESG banking in Russia.

A dynamic game model for no-take marine reserves

Representing about 8% of the world’s oceans, marine protected areas (MPAs) are effective instruments for mitigating the damage that overfishing can do to ecological and economic systems. Yet, less than 2% of the ocean is proclaimed an exclusive no-take zone. Expecting their number and size to increase significantly in the coming years, meticulous implementation of MPAs is central to their success. Using a dynamic game model we explore the impact of designated no-take marine reserves on fish stock and on fishing strategies. Our findings suggest that optimality can be achieved in a context of a combination of three marine zones, i.e., an open access fishery, a marine protected area and a fish bank. Our methodology consists of considering an infinite time horizon discrete fishing game with a migratory species between the three regions. We analyze fishing strategies and characterize the model equilibria for different behaviors, the fully non-cooperative scheme, the social optimum and the cartel setting. Our analytical results are supported by the use of a numerical simulation that compares different scenarios, including the current state of the world in contrast to different sizes of MPAs and fish bank areas.

Editorial

Historical Review of IJIF This year we celebrate 15 years since the launch of ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance (IJIF). IJIF started in 2009 under the ownership and management of the International Shari’ah Research Academy for Islamic Finance (ISRA) with the vision to promote further innovation in the Islamic finance industry and academia by providing a platform for publishing high quality research in the areas of Islamic banking, economics, finance, law and takāful. ISRA initially published two issues of the Journal per annum in hard copies. Three types of articles were considered: articles of academic rigour, articles by practitioners who have experience in applied Islamic finance, and the research works carried out by ISRA researchers under the heading ‘Research Notes’.

Intellectual Capital and Organizational Innovation: Examining the Mediation Role of Knowledge Sharing on the Palestinian Universities during the COVID-19 Pandemic

According to the literature, in traditional business settings, intellectual capital (IC) and knowledge sharing (KS) significantly contribute to increasing organizational innovation (OI) levels. During COVID-19, the environment transformed, which presents numerous obstacles that necessitate creative and innovative thinking. Here, the researchers wondered if the same phenomenon would occur in the university sector and whether the coronavirus pandemic would have an impact on it. Therefore, this paper aimed to conduct an empirical research study to investigate this. The study followed a quantitative research approach to collect data, which was based on an electronic structured questionnaire survey. In addition, a purposive random sampling technique included 407 academics employed by Palestinian universities in the West Bank area. For data analysis, the SPSS v25 program was employed, while a mediation analysis was carried out using the Process Macro v3.5 software. The research results showed that IC significantly contributes to promoting knowledge sharing and raising OI levels, and KS had a beneficial impact on OI. In the end, it was discovered that KS positively mediated the relationship between IC and OI. Despite some limitations, the study’s findings offer numerous advantages for academics, researchers, and policymakers in universities.

MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FINANCIAL SECTOR IN NIGERIA

This investigation inspected the impact of money market instruments (MMIs) on the development of the financial area in Nigeria for the period 2000 – 2018. The information for the examination were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. The examination utilized econometric strategies like Unit Root Test, numerous relapse and Granger Causality Test to dissect information gathered from the investigation. the examination of information, a relapse model of the accompanying request was created to catch the causality connection between TBs, CPs, BAs and Banking Sector GDP. This investigation on the connection between depository charges (TBs) Commercial paper (CPs), Bank acceptances (BAs) and banking area GDP (the reliant variable) while TBs, CPs, and BAs utilized as intermediary for currency market are the autonomous factors. The investigation utilized ex-post facto research plan which manages previously existing information. The ordinary least square model assessment uncovered explicitly that (MMIs (depository charges, business papers, and government security) have positive connections and critical impacts on bank execution in Nigeria. Quite, depository charges, business papers and government bonds were the fundamental supporters of bank execution while investors’ acknowledgment has a negative relationship and essentially affected unfavorably on bank execution. The examination suggested that, arrangement creators and partners in the business ought to escalate endeavors towards further developing strategies and changes that support interest in money market instruments by banks for more prominent execution and maintainable development. Keywords: Bank Performance, Bankers Acceptance, Commercial Papers and Treasury Bills.

ANALISIS DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN LAYANAN BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA KANTOR CABANG CUT MEUTIA

The limited services of Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) during the pandemic resulted in various policies being carried out. The study aims to determine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the service policy of the BSI Cabang Cut Meutia, and the obstacles in carrying out service policies during the pandemic. The study used primary data in the form of interviews with the parties concerned. Qualitative approach with descriptive analysis technique. The results of the research that the impact of Covid-19 on service policies are having to follow health protocols when entering the bank area, limiting operating hours, increasing e-Channel services, and following all stimulus policies issued by the government. The obstacles faced in the form of the implementation of the WFH system and the application of health protocols made employees feel uncomfortable and uncomfortable while working