System Archetypes Research Articles

Сравнительная оценка подходов к подготовке бакалавров по авиационным двигателям

The findings presented in this paper rely on system archetypes, which serve as unified conceptual models for addressing organizational challenges in managing complex systems. These archetypes facilitate the creation of comparable de-scriptions of problem situations by accommodating differing perspectives of stakeholders (actors) on the factors hin-dering the integration of local systems. The research framework integrates system archetypes with the House of Quality model and employs correlation coefficients—rank, partial, and multiple. An example of multi-faceted modeling is pro-vided, wherein the calculated correlation coefficients act as indicators of the degree of alignment in actors' views re-garding the factors of the problem situation. Multiple correlation coefficients are interpreted as measures of the con-sistency of an individual actor’s opinions with those of the collective group, while partial correlation coefficients gauge the alignment of opinions between specific pairs of actors. The proposed methodology for quantitatively assessing the alignment of heterogeneous actors' perspectives enables the evaluation of the effectiveness of initiatives aimed at building a communication framework that supports the development of a shared understanding of the significance of various factors in a problem situation.

Wildlife policy, the food system and One Health: a complex systems analysis of unintended consequences for the prevention of emerging zoonoses in China, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Philippines

IntroductionEvolving human–wildlife interactions have contributed to emerging zoonoses outbreaks, and pandemic prevention policy for wildlife management and conservation requires enhanced consideration from this perspective. However, the risk of unintended consequences...

Leverage Points for Decelerating Wetland Degradation: A Case Study of the Wetland Agricultural System in Uganda

Indiscriminate expansion of agricultural activities into wetlands affects the sustainability of wetland-dependent livelihoods. Systems research is an important tool for identifying and dealing with the underlying drivers of wetland degradation; however, there is limited research employing system tools in Sub-Saharan Africa. This research employed causal loop diagrams and system archetypes to characterize common wetland resource systems in Sub-Saharan Africa, using the wetland agricultural system of Uganda as a case study. Mental models of wetland users were indirectly elicited by interviewing 66 wetland users. Causal loop diagrams were generated to illustrate the multiple, interdependent feedback linkages within the system. The case study wetland is mainly used for farming (40%), vegetation harvesting (26%), and fishing (24%), while other activities like hunting and grazing are carried out by 10% of wetland users. A reinforcing feedback loop was dominant, illustrating how initial encroachment on the wetland to meet livelihood needs can accelerate further encroachment. Based on the dominant loop and current interventions, we characterized the system using three archetypes: tragedy of the commons, shifting the burden, and fixes that fail. A two-pronged approach was proposed, where solutions for decelerating wetland degradation, like restoration activities, can be implemented in the short term while planning long-term measures that take into account the need for alternative livelihoods for wetland-dependent communities and targeting a paradigm shift through continuous sensitization of stakeholders on the benefits of sustainable wetland management.

Integrating Systems Thinking and Islamic Principles for Sustainable Development: A Case Study of South Papua, Indonesia

This study explores the use of a systems thinking approach to analyze the interactions between economic, social, and environmental factors in achieving sustainable development in South Papua, a newly established province in Indonesia. The research aims to address the primary issue of fragmented policy approaches that fail to account for long-term impacts and intersectoral linkages. Using a qualitative exploratory design, primary data was collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with local stakeholders, while secondary data was obtained from government reports and academic literature. Thematic analysis and causal loop diagrams (CLD) were employed to identify dynamic interactions and leverage points for policy interventions. Key findings highlight that economic growth is contingent upon sustainable natural resource management and human resource development, with feedback loops revealing the potential for synergies and trade-offs between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). System archetypes such as "Shifting the Burden" and "Tragedy of the Commons" were identified, underscoring the need for policies that consider long-term impacts and equitable resource distribution. The integration of Islamic principles of justice and responsibility offers additional guidance for addressing these systemic challenges. The study concludes by providing holistic policy recommendations for sustainable development in South Papua, contributing both to academic literature and practical policymaking.

Periodic dynamics in viscous fingering

The displacement of a viscous liquid by air inside a Hele-Shaw channel is an archetype for nonlinear pattern-forming systems. Typically, bubbles or fingers of air propagate steadily at low values of the capillary number Ca = μ U * / σ , where μ is the viscosity of the liquid, U * is the speed of the bubble or finger and σ is the surface tension at the air–liquid interface. However, as the capillary number increases, the advancing interface can exhibit disordered pattern-forming dynamics. We demonstrate experimentally that a sustained, remote perturbation of the bubble tip can drive time-periodic dynamics. We exploit the propensity of a group of bubbles to propagate in steady spatial arrangements inside a Hele-Shaw channel with a centralized depth-reduction to apply a sustained pressure perturbation ahead of the bubble as it propagates. The oscillation cycle is initiated by the splitting of the bubble tip, via the Saffman–Taylor instability, which is promoted by the local flow-field conditions. The restoral of the bubble tip follows naturally because the system is driven by a fixed flow rate and the perturbed bubble is attracted to the weakly unstable, steadily propagating state that is set by the ratio of imposed viscous and capillary forces. The splitting and restoral mechanisms do not rely on the specific perturbation used in this study, suggesting a generic mechanism for periodic dynamics of propagating curved fronts subject to steady flow-field perturbations.

Systems thinking in sustainable agriculture development: a case study of garlic production in Indonesia

Sustainable agriculture involves complex interactions among social, economic, and ecological dimensions, each with distinct interests and goals. Achieving sustainable agricultural development is challenging and requires a comprehensive response. This study focuses on Indonesia’s garlic production, employing a systems thinking approach to provide a holistic understanding of the interconnected factors influencing sustainable agricultural systems. We utilized the first two steps of the five-step systems thinking methodology—problem articulation and the formulation of dynamic hypotheses. This process involved developing a causal loop diagram (CLD) to represent the dynamic hypotheses and identifying system archetypes to determine leverage and potential intervention points. Our analysis identified three system archetypes—Drifting Goals, Fixes that Fail, and Limit to Growth—as key patterns influencing the sustainability of garlic production. The Drifting Goals archetype reveals that efforts to boost local garlic stock in Indonesia are hindered by the allocation of garlic for seeds, due to the lack of a clear distinction between garlic for consumption and seed. The Fixes that Fail archetype illustrates the long-term detrimental effects of short-term agricultural practices, such as the overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The Limit to Growth archetype underscores the critical need for enhanced market access and a shift in consumer preferences to sustain garlic farming. To address these challenges, we recommend establishing clear distinctions between garlic for consumption and seed production, developing the seed industry, promoting integrated pest management, and reducing reliance on chemical inputs through environmentally friendly technology. Additionally, ensuring market and price stability is vital to maintain farmers’ interest in garlic cultivation. Therefore, the government should prioritize market penetration for local garlic and consistently enforce import restrictions to ensure the sustainability of garlic production in Indonesia.

A need for systems thinking and the appliance of (complexity) science in healthcare

Hospitals represent complex adaptive systems where interactions and relationships of different components both affect and shape the way they work simultaneously. Pressures on hospitals determine how they behave and many of the problems seen in the NHS and indeed other health services can be viewed through the lens of complexity science and systems thinking. ‘Flow’ of patients through the hospital can be seen as an indicator of how well the hospital ‘system’ is working. The better flow is, the more patients can be treated and the less time is spent waiting in the various queues that accrue around the hospital.In this article, we explore the impact of these disciplines on patient flow and examine how short-term and overly simple solutions can exacerbate problems in the health service, despite the best intentions of those working in it. Many of today’s problems can be described in terms of ‘system archetypes’ and ‘game theory’. Understanding this may lead to improvement in how services are redesigned to solve these problems.

Exploring the landscape of system dynamics archetypes: A systematic review

AbstractSystem dynamic archetypes reflect common problematic behaviours that occur in the real world. The high level of abstraction embodied in these archetypes is both promising and daunting. Identifying relevant archetypes for real‐world problems is not a straightforward task. In this work, we aim to provide a comprehensive background for understanding current knowledge on the application of system archetypes. The methodology is based on a systematic literature review. Most of the works contribute with prescriptive models that address problems in specific areas. These models generally tackle complex problems where social, environmental and political issues converge. The unit of analysis encompasses geographical units, organizations and artefacts. The steps followed in the development are described with different level of detail. Stakeholders' participation is typically integrated into the development process. Some reported problems are that archetypes could induce a hypothesis that does not include all relevant factors; some participants may have difficulty in understanding the models; confidence in results, difficulty of having data to configure all the variables; and the cost burden for small enterprises.

Dynamic archetypes of agricultural land systems in Germany from 1992 to 2019

Grasslands, important agricultural land systems, are undergoing significant shifts such as intensification, abandonment, and conversion to alternative land uses in Europe, leading to biodiversity loss. Despite major efforts, the European Union´s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been unable to halt the decline of grasslands and to appropriately adjust management intensity because implemented policies have not considered the heterogeneity of grassland systems. However, accounting for this heterogeneity is essential to increase the policies´ effectiveness. In this study, we used archetype analysis to identify recurrent patterns in the heterogeneity of farm configurations, using Germany as an example, that can help tailor policy instruments to specific regional conditions. By applying self-organising maps, we reveal nine archetypes integrating 16 farm accountancy indicators. Advancing archetype analysis, we discuss their dynamics (including their emergence, disappearance and persistence) between 1992 and 2019 at the level of federal states and interpret these dynamics in the light of CAP. For example, archetypes in the western federal states are dominated by small crop and dairy farms, while archetypes in the eastern federal states are more diverse, including larger subsidised farms and medium crop farms. Moreover, archetype dynamics in the southern federal states indicate a decline in small dairy farms and an increase in small crop farms, implying the loss of valuable habitats for wild species. Policy instruments tailored to such regional conditions could more appropriately halt this loss. These insights derived from agricultural land systems in Germany can enrich the debate about how to better tailor policy instruments to regional conditions to preserve functional grassland systems in Europe and worldwide.

Farming system archetypes help explain the uptake of agri-environment practices in Europe

The adoption of agri-environment practices (AEPs) is crucial for safeguarding the long-term sustainability of ecosystem services within European agricultural landscapes. However, the tailoring of agri-environment policies to the unique characteristics of farming systems is a challenging task, often neglecting local farm parameters or requiring extensive farm survey data. Here, we develop a simplified typology of farming system archetypes (FSAs), using field-level data on farms’ economic size and specialisation derived from the Integrated Administration and Control System in three case studies in Germany, Czechia and the United Kingdom. Our typology identifies groups of farms that are assumed to react similarly to agricultural policy measures, bridging the gap between efforts to understand individual farm behaviour and broad agri-environmental typologies. We assess the usefulness of our approach by quantifying the spatial association of identified archetypes of farming systems with ecologically relevant AEPs (cover crops, fallow, organic farming, grassland maintenance, vegetation buffers, conversion of cropland to grassland and forest) to understand the rates of AEP adoption by different types of farms. Our results show that of the 20 archetypes, economically large farms specialised in general cropping dominate the agricultural land in all case studies, covering 56% to 85% of the total agricultural area. Despite regional differences, we found consistent trends in AEP adoption across diverse contexts. Economically large farms and those specialising in grazing livestock were more likely to adopt AEPs, with economically larger farms demonstrating a proclivity for a wider range of measures. In contrast, economically smaller farms usually focused on a narrower spectrum of AEPs and, together with farms with an economic value <2 000 EUR, accounted for 70% of all farms with no AEP uptake. These insights indicate the potential of the FSA typology as a framework to infer key patterns of AEP adoption, thus providing relevant information to policy-makers for more direct identification of policy target groups and ultimately for developing more tailored agri-environment policies.

Is incoherence required for sustainability?

Unstoppable feedback loops and tipping points in socio-ecological systems are the main threats to sustainability. These behaviors have been extensively studied, notably to predict, and arguably deviate, dead-end trajectories. A core group of repeated and predictable patterns in all systems, called systems archetypes, has been identified. For instance, the archetype of escalation is made of two positive feedback loops fueling one another. Interestingly, none of the known archetypes provide sustainability: they all trigger endless amplification. In parallel, systems biologists have made considerable progress on the role of incoherent loops in molecular networks in the past 20 years. Such patterns in biological networks produce stability and a form of intrinsic autonomy for all functions, from circadian rhythm to immunity. Incoherence is the fuel of homeostasis of living systems. Here, I bridge both conclusions and propose that incoherence should be included in the list of systems archetypes, and considered as an operational way to buffer socio-ecological fluctuations. This proposition is supported by the well-known trade-off between robustness and efficiency: adaptability requires some degree of internal contradiction. This applies to both technical and social systems: incoherent strategies recognize and fuel the diversity of solutions; they are the essential, yet often ignored, components of cooperation. Building on these theoretical considerations and real-life examples, incoherence might offer a counterintuitive, but transformative, way out of the Great Acceleration, and possibly, an actionable lever for decision makers.

Methodology for forming a digital farming management system

The paper presents methodological approaches for the creation of a digital farming management system (DFMS). A convergent approach, based on cognitive (conceptual) analysis methods, is employed in the research and applied to the formation of adaptive landscape farming systems. The fundamental principles of organizing DFMS include crop and environmental monitoring (in situ, remote sensing); the formation of farming system archetypes based on the analysis of long-term field experiments; spatial object modeling and land typology using GIS; planning and support for agrotechnologies to adapt to natural and economic conditions; modeling ecosystem services and biodiversity; assessing the impact on the sustainability and economics of crop production. The system is implemented using geoinformation models in a specific geographic coordinate. DFMS involves conducting a "inventory" of natural and production resources, as well as identifying limits of climatic, soil, and agrolandscape parameters at different levels of land use intensity. At each stage of organizing system blocks, methods of intelligent data analysis and machine learning are used, with the core of the system relying on the use of knowledge bases and logical rules of the subject area. A key element of the system is the scaling of the results of long-term field experiments and accumulated knowledge in different management areas based on the parameterization of the multi-level variability of farming systems and the formation of their archetypes. The practical implementation of the main provisions of DFMS allows approaching the solution of key issues related to reducing the level of uncertainty and associated risks in agriculture. This is achieved through scientifically justified organization of rational land use, increasing the resilience of crop production in different land use conditions, and providing information support to rural producers.

Global low carbon transitions in the power sector: A machine learning clustering approach using archetypes

Global low carbon transitions in the power sector: A machine learning clustering approach using archetypes

Developing causal loop diagrams for the perusal of soil health in agricultural practices – A case study of rice nursery cultivation practices in India

Developing causal loop diagrams for the perusal of soil health in agricultural practices – A case study of rice nursery cultivation practices in India

ANALYSIS OF PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT USING ARCHETYPE SYSTEM MODELING IN AN EFFORT TO INCREASE THE LEVERAGE OF TOUGH TEMPE UMKM BUSINESSES IN HUTAGODANG VILLAGE

This research aims to identify the internal environment as strengths and weaknesses and the external environment as opportunities and threats and then formulate alternative strategies that can be implemented regarding the next Tempe SME partnership program. This study examines the leverage of each system archetype model in UMKM partnerships and also uses an internal matrix (IFE) and an external matrix (EFE). From the EFAS and IFAS data calculations above, it can be seen that the company's current position is in quadrant I coordinates (1,946 ; 1,395) namely the expansion (growth) quadrant, which is expected to be able to maintain and sustain the strategy and be able to penetrate the market and develop products. Based on the results of the model simulation process with the Casual Leverage Loop System, it is hoped that there will be several relationship structures between elements that influence each other in UMKM and partners, namely partners from large companies that have industrial scope both in the tofu-tempeh trade chain area and even the soybean import industry. Meanwhile, looking at the results of the partnership structure which was built from three sides, namely as follows: Business information perspective, business competency perspective and business access perspective. &#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Partnership, Archetype System, UMKM

The disease of indifference: How relational systems provide the attentional infrastructure for organizational resilience

Interpersonal relationships among organization members based on trust, disclosure, and mutual respect are an important capability that organizations need to be resilient in times of crisis. Using the attention-based view, we theorize how the attention paid to interpersonal relationships among top managers continually shapes and is shaped by the quality of relationships that emerge at the unit level. We leverage the attention-based view to theorize how different patterns of attention are associated with configurations of structures for building interpersonal relationships, with the resulting patterns of behavior producing distinct relational systems. We contrast three relational system archetypes: relational advocacy, relational antipathy, and what we argue is the most common but least understood and most likely to weaken organizational resilience—relational indifference. These systems are theorized as central to the attentional infrastructure of the organization, impacting its capacity for attentional stability and coherence on emergent issues. The proposed framework offers a novel view of organizational resilience and interpersonal relationships with notable contributions to multiple research domains and to practice.

Archetypal representations of dilemmas concerning invasive alien species management—A case of invasive Lantana camara in the protected areas of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, India

AbstractThis multi‐site case study on the invasive alien plant Lantana camara in protected areas of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, India, addresses the reasons for inadequate institutional responses from stakeholders in managing the species despite the seriousness. The study uses thematic analysis and qualitative systems approach. The themes are converted into a qualitative‐system‐dynamics model and are then abstracted into system archetypes. The study identified three major themes: the dilemma involving stakeholders, the dilemma of alternative and commercial use of Lantana, and the Lantana management conundrum. The study translated these dilemmas into four generalisable archetypes: ‘drifting goals’, ‘modified‐shifting‐the‐burden’, ‘fixes‐that‐fail’ and ‘substitution rebound’. The latest is a novel contribution to the systems literature. Practically, the study helps understand the recurring undesired behavioural patterns in invasive species management and suggests policy and governance changes to tackle them. The study also points towards building stakeholder relationship protocols, focussing on fundamental solutions and having clear Lantana management targets.

Navigating knowledge management systems in Indonesian Financial Institutions: a systematic literature

Financial institutions employ sophisticated knowledge management systems to disseminate company information, aligning with their organizational objectives, vision, and mission. The present research seeks to elucidate the archetype of the knowledge management system deployed, its consequential impacts, and the potential impediments encountered during its operational phase. The empirical data was sourced from many scholarly articles centered on knowledge management systems within financial institutions. A systematic literature review (SLR) approach underpins the methodology of this study. The survey data were descriptively analyzed using population, comparison, outcomes, and context (PICOC) parameters. An analysis of seven pertinent articles identified five distinct knowledge management system archetypes, their respective influences on the organizations, and five principal challenges that obstructed seamless implementation. Based on the findings, the meticulous review of scholarly articles centered on adopting knowledge management systems within financial services enterprises has illuminated the existence of five distinct knowledge management system paradigms. Each model is intricately woven into the institutions’ organizational structure and cultural ethos.

Integrating System Spatial Archetypes and Archetypical Evolutionary Patterns of Human Settlements: Towards Place-Based Sustainable Development

Effectively managing the diversity and complexity of human settlements is pivotal in tackling the sustainability challenges we face in the Anthropocene. Conceptualizing a city’s human settlement as a unified social–ecological system and investigating its system archetype and evolutionary pattern offer a promising approach to understanding sustainability challenges within specific spatio-temporal contexts. This study introduced a novel approach to assessing and characterizing human settlements using a spatio-temporal two-tier structure archetype analysis for human settlement systems. Applying inductive clustering to an integrated dataset, we identified five typical human settlement systems for 2019 and eight change patterns (2001–2019) in the Yangtze River Delta region. By linking inductively recognized human settlement systems into deductive categories of human-nature connectedness and associating inductive change patterns with deduced phases within the adaptive cycle, we defined five system spatial archetypes and three archetypical evolutionary patterns, revealing the typical interaction between them. This enabled us to understand sustainability challenges for each interaction, formulating seven tailored solutions to promote place-based development in human settlements. Generally, our approach showcases considerable potential in uncovering human settlement challenges, ultimately contributing to addressing these challenges at the local level within the broader context of global sustainability issues.

Systems archetypes to investigate the unintended consequences of telehealth in rural Australia: A systems thinking approach to telehealth evaluation and policymaking.

As an alternative model of delivery to standard care, telehealth offers a promising solution to health access issues faced by rural and remote communities in Australia and worldwide. However, research typically focuses on its expected benefits and pitfalls, with little to no consideration of its unintended consequences and factors influencing its better utilisation. Drawing on systems thinking and informed by complexity science, we propose using systems archetypes-systems thinking tools - as a magnifying lens to investigate potential telehealth unintended consequences or outcomes. We conceptualise telehealth implementation in rural and remote Australia as a sociotechnical system whereby the interactions between its various agents shape telehealth implementation and, in turn, are shaped by it. When introducing new policies or interventions to any system, these interactions often lead to outcomes other than those initially planned or intended. Although systems archetypes cannot necessarily predict these outcomes, they are valuable for helping anticipate unintended, unforeseen outcomes and facilitating discussions about them to mitigate their negative impact and maximise their benefits. Outcomes are not necessarily adverse; they can also be positive. So, investigating such outcomes will minimise their negative impact and maximise their benefit. Our method was to review existing research and a selection of complexity and systems informed frameworks. Then, we assessed systems archetypes. And how they can be utilised to investigate unintended consequences. A worked example of what an unintended consequence in the implementation of telehealth in rural and remote Australia is presented.