Arad County Research Articles

Social Aspects Regarding the Single-Parent Families Vulnerability - The Case Of Arad County

Based on empiric investigations and the study of documents from specialized public institutions, the authors analyse in this article the extent, manifestations, causes and consequences of single-parent families in Arad County. As social entities with a high risk of social exclusion, the authors identify practical measures for intervention by public authorities in the sense of optimizing socialization, social work and balancing these families, especially their children, by taking into account both Romanian and European legislation in this field. Preventing the reproduction/increase in the number of single-parent families must rely on the complete knowledge of this social phenomenon, with the need to establish databases and map the dispersion of single-parent families within administrative-territorial units. The decrease in the number of families with a high social risk over time is the result of correlated and harmonized public policies, aimed at fighting poverty, discrimination, unemployment, lack of access to education, while ensuring the general background for economic development and prosperity. The study is determined by the fact that many times the parents and the children of single parent families find themselves in the situation of not being able to make ends meet, the lack of finances, education and proper housing making it impossible for them to live a decent life. By identifying, through specific scientific methods such as document analysis, interviews, case studies, the particular types of problems facing single parent families, we consider we will succeed in offering a strong basis to motivate decision makers to establish additional social protection measures that will contribute to the reduction of the causes that maintain this social category among vulnerable groups.

Conotaţii juridice privind sănătatea şi securitatea în muncă. Dinamica bolilor profesionale la nivelul judeţului Arad în perioada anilor 2010-2013

This research was conducted for the purpose of analyzing the progression of occupational diseases and evaluating the phenomenon of occupational morbidity in Arad County during the 2010-2013 timeframe. The records of D.S.P. Arad were processed for the timeframe of reference by comparing them to those existing at the national level, and the results were shown in tables and charts to establish the dynamic of occupational diseases and their incidence for ‰ workers. In conclusion, there is an evident need to streamline medical and organizational measures in the detailed knowledge of the causes that generate the occurrence and development of occupational diseases, as well as to prevent the occurrence of new cases of occupational disease.

Andricus glutinosus (Giraud, 1859) (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae): New Record for the Romanian Fauna

AbstractAndricus glutinosus(Giraud, 1859) is recorded for the first time from Romania. Galls were collected in Bozovici (Caraș–Severin County), Troaș and Vârfurile (Arad County), Almășel and Certeju de Sus (Hunedoara County).

The occurrence of the ureterohydronephrosis in advanced genital cancers in Romanian women: a small cohort study in Arad County Clinical Hospital

Cervical and ovarian neoplasia are important causes of cancer-related mortality. Both are routinely associated with uretrohydronephrosis (UHN) an inflammation - induced dilatation of the urinary collecting system of the kidney. The purpose of this article is to identify the incidence and stage of these cancers and related UHN in a cohort of 43 patients from the Arad County Clinical Hospital. The relationships among them, as well as those with the patient current age, its age at diagnosis of neoplasia, the time after the initial diagnosis and residence area (rural vs. urban) were also analyzed. The mean age of occurrence of neoplasia was 55.85 years. We found a higher incidence of these cancers in rural areas than in urban areas. Most patients were in advanced stages (grade III, IV, and V), with only three being in stage II. UHN commonly accompanied these cancers and was found especially on the right side. There were significant associations between the residence area and the prevalence of bilateral UHN and unilateral left UHN. The unilateral right UHN, but not the unilateral left UHN, correlated directly with both the ovarian and cervical neoplasias. Therefore, we suggest that the implementation of specific rural national programmes for the screening and early diagnosis of ovarian and cervical cancer and their urinary complications should focus on patients 50 years or higher and consider the residence area as a potential factor influencing the incidence of these neoplasias.

Preliminary Data Regarding the Newly Discovered 6th Century Necropolis at Nădlac, Arad County

The article presents a newly discovered site identified during a rescue excavation performed in 2014 as part of the project for the construction of the motorway Nădlac – Arad, Arad County. With this occasion, two graves belonging to the Migration Period dated during the middle of the 6th century AD were discovered. Due to the topographical position of these two graves it is believed that they are part of a bigger necropolis belonging to the so-called Reihengräberfeld type of cemeteries, typical for the 6th century AD in this geographical and cultural area. Strong connections with the Merovingian milieu are observed while studying the composition of their funerary inventories, testifying for the complexity and heterogeneity of the 6th century AD group of discoveries linked with the eastern Germanic tribes known, from the ancient literary accounts, to have inhabited this region. This newly identified necropolis can be associated with the group of similar discoveries documented in the western part of Romania, the Tisza region and in the northern part of nowadays Serbia generally connected with the presence of the Gepids.

Chihlimbarul preistoric de la frontiera estică a Bazinului Carpatic / Prehistoric Amber Artifacts at the Eastern Frontier of the Carpathian Basin

Chihlimbarul preistoric de la frontiera estică a Bazinului Carpatic / Prehistoric Amber Artifacts at the Eastern Frontier of the Carpathian Basin

Jetoanele medievale din ceramică: utilităţi cu multiple dubii de interpretare / Medieval Ceramic Jetons: A Use with Multiple Doubts of Interpretation

Archaeological excavations conducted in the Benedictine monastery from Frumuşeni (Bizere, Arad County) brought to light eight ceramic circular pellets which were made from damaged vessels, six of these have a central perforation. During an interval of approximately one millennium these could be found spread over a wide geographic area and were made from a variety of materials with specific forms. One part of these belong to the category of recycled materials. A convenient interpretation would have categorized these as ‘spindle whorls’ at least the ones with a central hole. One can find a generous literature discussing these however it is still short and superficial. Less researched are the iconographic representations but these cannot supply conclusive elements because of the small dimensions of the components of the whorls of the spindle. In addition, the ethnographic reality drastically limits the existence of the independent part demonstrating that the independent part disappeared merged in the wooden spindle and was taken over by the spinning wheel. The study discusses the materials, dimensions, marks or decorations, contexts of discovery, the number of objects or the contradictions between the interpretations of the same materials. As a general conclusion one can state that the safest would be not to automatically provide a certain or exclusive function to these forms. The context of Bizere as a monastery, where monks lived and worked would be in contradiction with the spinning. The re-analysis of the published groups lead firstly to the recognition of two groups of use in which we have subgroups and independent pieces. According to the same primary classification the disproportioned versions are also discussed, through which the archaeological finds could originate from decorative pieces (the second interpretation version) such as: rosaries (3), amulets (4), fittings or fibulas (5), buttons (6), pellets for games with marked surface (7), whirligig (8), and various facilities for weaving excluding spinning (9), fishing weights (10), drilling components (11), abacus pieces (12), wheels for toys (13), various dagger guards (14), corks (15), mosaic parts (16), weights for scales (17), rubbers for erasing wax tablets (18), stamps for wafers (19), supports for alchemical samples (20), modeling tools for pottery (21), rafts (22), compass stands (23), remains from other damaged objects but unused (24). The final conclusions is that for the context of the Benedictine abbey from Bizere the discovered finds are most unlikely spindle whorls but more probably jetons used for games. The topic opens up like a tree and implies continuous pondering on the useful forms even in the case of archaeological units considered insignificant or easily classifiable.

Cantilever Steel Industrial Building Located on a Rocky Hill

The object of the paper is an industrial building, part of a vineyard, located in a rocky zone of Arad County Romania. The investor and architect requirements led to locate the building at a height of 14.00 m, partially supported by the rocky wall of the hill at one end, while the other end is supported by a reinforced concrete rectangular tower, built near the hill. The show room area (located into a glazed cantilever zone of the building) spans 10.0 m beyond the support tower. Thus, most of the building spans in the air, creating an impression of “suspension”. The paper describes some of the problems confronted by the structural engineer during the design phase, also influenced by architectural concepts.

The Influence Of Foundation Soils Concernig The Behaviour Of Buildings

Abstract An issue more and more important in construction science represents the rehabilitation of structures placed on difficult soils. This paper presents the behaviour analysis of an existing structure and summarizes several consolidation solutions at both levels of a severely damaged construction placed on a shrinking and swelling soil, located in Arad County - Romania, situated on 55 Revolutiei Avenue. These types of soils are known in specialty literature as shrinking fields, expansive or active soils, having the property to modify sensitively their entire volume when there are variations of moisture, being spread on a large scale in Romania. After the assessment of seismic safety for a section of the damaged structure, which is characterized by a high risk of collapse from seismic action, reason for which it has been proposed to immediate by consolidate the damaged construction.

Research on the prevalence of honey bees’ nosemosis in Arad County

Research on the prevalence of honey bees’ nosemosis in Arad County

Retrospective Demographic Study of Deaths from Cardiovascular Diseases - Heart Attack - in Arad, Between 2000 and 2006

This paper intends to analyzed, for a period of 7 years, in one retrospective demographic study, the deaths from cardiovascular diseases - heart attack - in Arad County, between years: 2000 and 2006.The results and observations of the research made in this paper can be materialized through the necessity of improving the prevention measures and through the control of the acute coronary incident, in Arad. It is extremely important to inform and make the population aware of the cardiovascular risk factors which depend a lot on the population's addressability and accessibility, to the special medical services.

Date genealogice şi prosopografice referitoare la familia Cornea-Barbu de Ileni (sec. XVII – XX) / Genealogical and Prosopographical Data Regarding Cornea-Barbu of Ileni Family (17th – 20th Centuries)

The paper is presenting some historical data concerning a Romanian family, originary from Ileni, a small village near Făgăraş. In 1628, Oprea Cornea, a boyar from Ileni, was ennobled by Prince Gabriel Bethlen of Transylvania. During the following four centuries many members of this family played an important role in the history of their communities, as local nobles, priests, lawyers or officials. The main branch of the family is still in existence, living in Ileni. Another branch of the Cornea-Barbu family established itself in the Arad County at the end of the 18thcentury. The saga of this family provides precious information regarding the history of the Romanian élites in Transylvania, during the modern period.

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This study, without aiming at exhaustiveness, attempts, based on returned foot exterior chord brooches made of a single metal pieces (type Almgren 158) discovered in 2010 following the rescue archaeological excavations performed as a result of the construction of the Arad-Timişoara Highway, respectively section Arad-Seceani, in a series of Sarmatian graves of the cemetery investigated at Hunedoara Timișană, Șagu commune, Arad county, to analyse the brooches in this type discovered in the western territories of Romania. The author examines the four specimens at Hunedoara Timișană within a broader context and concludes that similar brooches in both the Barbarian and Roman environments, where they are imports, date mainly to the chronological interval comprised between the last two decades of the 2nd c. – early 4th c. AD (stages C1a-C2). The analysis of the graves in the cemetery showed that the graves where returned foot exterior chord brooches were found date sometime in the chronological interval comprised between the end of the 2nd c. AD and the third quarter of the 3rd c. AD. Moreover, the author notes that the distribution area of this brooch type is mainly the Barbarian world of German origin (the Przeworsk culture environment) or that in constant contact with the latter. Based on the analysis of the distribution area of the Almgren 158 type brooches it was concluded they originate in the Przeworsk culture environment from where they disseminated in the neighbouring south and south-east cultural environments. Last but not least, the author reaches the conclusion that brooches of the type were assumed by the Sarmatians in the Pannonian Plain from the German populations (most likely the Vandals) living in the northern vicinity of the area they inhabited. Another conclusion is that such returned foot exterior chord brooches are lacking from the north and north-west Pontic areas, including the Chernyakhov area. Finally, the author argues that returned foot exterior chord brooches are artifacts that evidence, beside other categories of German origin artifacts (for instance the headknob brooches, exterior chord and solid catchplate), the existence of contacts and cultural and economic interferences between various populations from territories in the east of Central Europe, accurately defining the movement direction of German population groups starting with the last third of the 2nd c. AD (C1a), in the Marcomannic wars’ aftermath as well as the role they played in this region during the 2nd – 4th c. AD. Based on above brooches and other artifact categories in the graves at Hunedoara Timișană, the author concludes the cemetery dates to the chronological interval comprised between the end of the 2nd c. and the third quarter of the 3rd c. AD.

Changes in HIV transmission profile in Arad county

Initially HIV infection in Arad County was impacting infant population. Later most of the new cases were adults, but even so trends in recent years are moving in the same way for adults and children, the latter being infected through vertical transmission. The hypothesis was to determine the relationship between age of cases at diagnosis moment and route of transmission in more than two decades from 1990 till now. We have used data from the medical records of HIV-AIDS department of Arad County Emergency Hospital, from 1990 to 2013 statistical processing with SPSS.14.0 for Windows, MedCalc and Epi Info Analysis. Of the 437 patients, children and young people 1-19 years were 68%, gender ratio M/F being 1.31. Parenteral route of transmission covered 47%, sexual 22%, vertical 2%, and unknown for 29% (statistically significant relationship between age at diagnosis and transmission path p=0.000). Only 149 patients are monitored /34%, 174/40% are out of records and 114/26% died. There are many associated infections like HBV, HCV, TB, CMV, ITS, total 166/38% among total of 437 cases. Relative risk for parenteral transmission was 2.34 in the first decade compared to the second one and reached up to 7.7 for sexual transmission route in the second decade, compared to the first decade. Pediatric HIV infection versus adult HIV infection rate is changing from 5.53 in the first decade to 0.35 in the second one, risks of sexually transmitted infection becoming dominant for the second decade.

Comparative analysis on HIV patient survival in Arad county

Survival for HIV patients has considerably improved after the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, viral resistance, co-infections and intercurrent infections monitoring. We have analyzed HIV registered cases between 1990-2013, starting from the hypothesis that the median survival of patients in the absence of antiretroviral therapy could be only five years, for the first decade of the period under review. Data were analyzed with SPSS.14.0 for Windows and MedCalc. HIV infection in Arad recorded an incidence comparable to the national average, with a ratio of 2.62 deaths for cases diagnosed in 1990-2000 compared with the period 2001-2013, with death rates of 33% for the first period and 18% for the second. The trend of new cases is slightly decreasing but the death rates remain high. Using methods for risk of death or disease progression measuring, Kaplan-Meier Survival Curve indicates a 4 years (P <0.0001) median survival for HIV patients diagnosed between 1990-2000, with a statistically significant distribution of deaths in males (P = 0.0066), with relative risk of death for 1990-2000 decade compared to 2001-2013, ranging from 1.5464 (95% CI 1.094 to 2.1859). It still remains an increased risk of death for males versus females 1.3065 (P = 0.0125 95% CI 0.9391 to 1.8175). Antiretroviral therapy reduced the relative risk of death in HIV patients, death rates which are still increased for males.

Relative risks for digestive and respiratory episodes in patients with HIV co-infection

HBV, CMV or TB co-infection worsen progression of HIV, due to specific pathogenicity of etiologic agents and antimicrobial therapy which is required to be initiated. Authors have tried to establish a link between HBV, CMV or TB co-infection and the risks for emergence of digestive and respiratory episodes. We have used data from the medical records of HIV-AIDS department of Arad County Emergency Hospital for HIV patients in evidence in 2013. Data were analyzed SPSS.14.0 for Windows, MedCalc and Epi Info Analysis. Of the 149 patients 38 presented HBV, CMV or TB co-infection (25.5%) and statistically was significant in the history of their recorded adverse reactions that changing ART regimens was required (P=0.0324), they also displayed digestive and respiratory episodes P=0.0057 and P=0.0033, being at relative risk of 1.7344 to 1.6692 respectively for these episodes compared with HIV patients co-infection. HIV patients with co-infection stand at increased risk for digestive and respiratory intercurrent infectious episodes, monitoring them being a basic element for their quality of life and for survival rates improvements.

Phytocoenological researches on the grasslands of the middle and inferior basin of Crişul Negru river

The meadowlands from the middle and inferior basin of Crisul Negru river form an area with rich flora and vegetation suitable for a complex phytocoenological research and an ecologic and bio-economical study of the floor vegetation.&#x0D; After conducting a number of 80 phytocoenological surveys on the meadowlands near Apateu and Satu Nou villages (Arad county, Romania), respectively near Cociuba Mare and Mărțihaz villages (Bihor county, Romania) there have been identified a number of fifteen vegetal associations from which one is examined in this work.&#x0D; The paper presents the hygrophilic association Typhetum latifoliae Lang 1973 on the grasslands of the middle and inferior basin of Crişul Negru river, association classified from the coenotaxonomic point of view in the alliance Phragmition communis Koch 1926, order Phragmitetalia Koch 1926, class Phragmitetea australis R. Tüxen et Preising 1942.

Occurrence of Hepatozoon spp. in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Romania

Hepatozoon is an apicomplexan parasite of carnivores transmitted by the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus trough ingestion. Infections in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) have been recorded in several parts of the world, including European countries, with variable prevalence values. The study aimed to investigate the occurrence of Hepatozoon spp. in red foxes originating from two counties (Arad and Timis) of Western Romania. Fresh/coagulated blood samples from 28 red foxes, killed in sanitary hunting during the routine rabies monitoring, were molecularly analyzed by a conventional PCR using the primers Hep F and Hep R for the presence of Hepatozoon spp. Overall, 11/28 (39.2%) investigated samples contained the DNA of the parasite. Most of the positive samples were from Arad County (8/17), while in Timis County only 3 out of 11 foxes tested were positive. Occurrence of Hepatozoon canis was reported in Romania in dogs but investigations in wildlife were not performed. The relatively high prevalence value of the infection recorded in the current survey can be related to the common occurrence of the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) in the area, documented by previous surveys. The high prevalence of the parasite among red foxes confirms the presence of sylvatic cycle, highlights the role of wildlife as reservoirs and potential vectors for the infection in the screened region and also the emerging of this pathogen agent in the country. This is the first report of Hepatozoon spp. infection in red foxes from Romania. The findings support the global changing in vector borne diseases expansion.

Education and National Identity. The Local Cultural Heritage and its Effects Upon Present Local educAtional Policies in Arad County from Romania

Abstract The study is focused upon the concept of local cultural heritage from Arad county in Romania. It opens a debate upon an issue which was little investigated in Romania: the impact of local cultural legacy upon the concept of national identity. This cultural heritage was created for the future generations by some leading scholars from Arad county in Romania, scholars which in the past played a key role in building Romania as a unitary and national state. This legacy had a direct impact upon the concept of national identity on the level of educational policies and also upon the issue of multiculturalism. We used a combined empirical and historical method whit the purpose of disclosing palpable effects at some local educational policies from the present Arad county in Romania. These effects, as we discovered, have solid roots in Vasile Goldis thought. We argue that for the actual European debate upon the integration process is crucial to understand the fact that the goal of maintaining national identity at cultural and educational levels could be achieved significantly easy by accepting the visions of those who contributed in the past in the building of some present national states from Europe. These visions, we argue, are compatible with the concept of Euro region. However, the results shows that in the near future will be necessary, on the one hand, to consolidate the actual achievements and, on the other, also will be necessary a strong process of decentralization the political decision about educational policies at the Euro regional level.

Sexually transmitted diseases and HIV risk behavior in adolescents compared with adults in Arad county

Background Young people are exposed to numerous risk behaviors that can affect their present life and perspectives as adults. Commonly risk behaviors for them are: regular smoking, more than 5 glasses of alcohol in the last month, attempted suicide in the past year, marijuana use in the past month, consumption of other illicit drugs in the last year and unprotected sex at any time of life, resulting in unwanted pregnancy and school dropout. Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and HIV are also involved as major consequences.