Aqueous Lithium Nitrate Solutions Research Articles

Thermodynamics of Aqueous Lithium Nitrate Solutions at 298.15 to 398.15 K and 0.1 to 60 MPa

Thermodynamics of Aqueous Lithium Nitrate Solutions at 298.15 to 398.15 K and 0.1 to 60 MPa

Effect of temperature on compressibility properties of 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 molal solutions of alkali metal nitrates. Part 2. Aqueous solutions of lithium nitrate, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate in the 278.15 K to 353.15 K temperature range

Sound velocities in aqueous solutions of LiNO3, NaNO3 and KNO3 were measured at 1K intervals from T=(278.15 to 353.15)K, in the 0.1mol·kg−1 0.5mol·kg−1 and 1.0mol·kg−1 solutions. Determined sound velocities and densities served to determine the isentropic and isothermal compressibilities, the apparent molar compressibilities, the apparent molar volumes, the isochoric thermal pressure coefficients, cubic expansion coefficients, changes of heat capacities with volume and with pressure, and the hydration numbers. In addition were evaluated the ultrasonic relaxation times and corresponding thermodynamic functions of the activation of the viscous process. Determined parameters are qualitatively correlated with changes in the structure of water when alkali metal nitrates are dissolved in it.

The effect of ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate on thermodynamic properties of aqueous lithium nitrate solutions at different temperatures and ambient pressure

Some thermodynamic quantities are evaluated for the ternary ([Emim][HSO4]+LiNO3+water) mixture and their corresponding binary mixtures. For this purpose, the vapor – liquid equilibrium at T=298.15K and volumetric properties at T=293.15K – 313.15K for this mixture are considered. We evaluated these properties by using the measured osmotic coefficients, activity and density data. Then the quality of some thermodynamic models such as: Pitzer and modified - TCPC models to correlate the activity and osmotic coefficients values for studied binary systems and Scatchard model for the ternary systems have been examined. Also the polynomial equation which proposed by Redlich and Meyer is applied to correlate the apparent molar volume values. Also with helping the results which obtained from the vapor – liquid equilibrium and volumetric measurements, we described the possible interactions which are existed in the studied systems.

Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium of Aqueous Alkaline Nitrate and Nitrite Solutions for Absorption Refrigeration Cycles with High-Temperature Driving Heat

Vapor−liquid equilibria of aqueous solutions of lithium nitrate + potassium nitrate + sodium nitrate in the mass ratio (53:28:19) and lithium nitrate + potassium nitrate + sodium nitrite in mass ratio (53:35:12) were obtained using a static method in the temperature range (333.15 to 473.15) K at 20 K intervals. Both mixtures were considered as binary working fluids (water/salts). The salt mass fraction was varied from 0.50 to 0.95. Barker’s method was used to calculate the liquid composition from the initial overall composition of the sample and the measured pressure and temperature. The vapor−liquid equilibrium data obtained were correlated using an analytical polynomial equation. The calculated and measured data showed good agreement. The vapor−liquid equilibrium data of both mixtures showed similar behavior, but the risk of crystallization is lower for the solution of lithium nitrate + potassium nitrate + sodium nitrite in mass ratio (53:35:12), which favors the operation of absorption refrigeration cycles driven by high-temperature heat sources.

Thermodynamic quantities of surface formation of aqueous electrolyte solutions

To compare the effect of nitrate anions on the surface tension increments of aqueous solutions with that of halide anions, the surface tension of aqueous solutions of lithium nitrate, sodium nitrate, and potassium nitrate was measured as a function of temperature and concentration. It is shown that the surface tension of aqueous alkali metal nitrate solutions is determined primarily by the kinds of anions, since the surface tension increments of these nitrates were of the same magnitude. The importance of the electrical double layer at the surface is discussed in relation to these surface tension increments.

Experimental Vapor Pressures and Derived Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Lithium Nitrate from 423 to 623 K

Vapor pressures of six aqueous lithium nitrate solutions with molalities of (0.181, 0.526, 0.963, 1.730, 2.990, and 5.250) mol-kg−1 have been measured in the temperature range 423.15–623.15 K with a constant-volume piezometer immersed in a precision liquid thermostat. The static method was used to measure the vapor pressure. The total uncertainty of the temperature, pressure and composition measurements were estimated to be less than 15 mK, 0.2%, and 0.014%, respectively. The vapor pressures of pure water were measured with the same apparatus and procedure to confirm the accuracy of the method used for aqueous lithium nitrate solutions. The results for pure water were compared with high-accuracy PS–TS data calculated from the IAPWS standard equation of state. Important thermodynamic functions (activities of water and lithium nitrate, partial molar volumes, osmotic coefficient, excess relative partial molar entropy, and relative partial molar enthalpy values of the solvent) were derived using the measured values of vapor pressure for the solution and pure water. The measured and derived thermodynamic properties for solutions were compared with data reported in the literature. The present results are consistent with most previous reported thermodynamic data for the pure water and H2O + LiNO3 solutions at low temperatures.

Speed of Sound in Aqueous and Methanolic Lithium Nitrate Solutions

Speeds of sound in aqueous and methanolic lithium nitrate solutions were measured as functions of concentration (0.0181 ≤ m/(mol·kg-1) ≤ 21.818) and temperature (273.15 ≤ T/K ≤ 323.15) at 2 MHz. The isentropic compressibility isotherms for aqueous lithium nitrate solutions converge at 3.75 mol·kg-1, and at this concentration the primary hydration shell of the solute has become just saturated. It has been estimated that there are 15 molecules of water in the primary hydration shell of lithium nitrate, and the calculated primary hydration number of the nitrate ion was found to be 9. For methanolic lithium nitrate solutions, the isentropic compressibility isotherms vary smoothly within the concentration and temperature ranges of study.

Thermodynamic properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions. 3. Vapor pressure of aqueous solutions of lithium nitrate, lithium chloride + lithium nitrate and lithium bromide + lithium nitrate

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleThermodynamic properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions. 3. Vapor pressure of aqueous solutions of lithium nitrate, lithium chloride + lithium nitrate and lithium bromide + lithium nitrateKashinath R. Patil, Shrirang K. Chaudhari, and Sushilendra S. KattiCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1992, 37, 1, 136–138Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/je00005a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (247 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Properties of concentrated aqueous lithium nitrate solutions and applications to fusion reactor design

Aqueous solutions of Li-containing compounds have been proposed to serve as the combined tritium breeding material and coolant for fusion reactors. The salt used for the TITAN-II reversed-field-pinch reactor design is LiNO3, which was chosen for its good neutronics properties, relatively good corrosion characteristics, and for its high solubility in water. An extensive literature survey has shown that the physical and thermal properties of high-temperature, concentrated aqueous LiNO3 solutions are markedly different from the pure water properties at similar conditions. These changes alter the heat transfer performance of the coolant, and the critical heat flux is estimated to rise for sub-cooled flow boiling, while the heat transfer coefficient for forced convection falls. Another important result is the elevation in boiling point, which may allow the operating pressure of the primary coolant to be reduced to a value below that of the secondary steam circuit, preventing leakage of the tritiated coolant into the steam circuit. Further research is needed into corrosion and radiolysis issues, but the available data imply that careful control of the coolant chemistry can minimize the problems.

Quasilattice Features of Concentrated Aqueous LiNO3 Solutions

The Raman Spectra of concentrated aqueous lithium nitrate solutions contain lines at 737, 1389, and 1458–1464 cm−1, characteristic of a nitrate ion in the first coordination sphere of lithium and lines at 718, 1352, and 1429 cm−1 typical of more dilute aqueous solutions. These spectra are compared with those of the hydrates LiNO3·3H2O and LiNO3·2.4H2O, the anhydrous crystal, and the molten salt. Regions with the water-governing structure and with the latticelike structure simultaneously exist over a range of concentrations. This interpretation is consistent with a quasilattice model. A place-exchange equilibrium constant is estimated for a nitrate ion entering the first coordination sphere of a lithium ion.

CONDUCTANCES OF AQUEOUS LITHIUM NITRATE SOLUTIONS AT 25.0 °C. AND 110.0 °C

The conductances, densities, and viscosities of aqueous solutions of lithium nitrate have been determined, at temperatures of 25.0° and 110.0 °C, at concentrations up to 14 molar. The results have been compared with the conductances calculated by means of the Robinson–Stokes equation and good agreement found up to about 7 molar. A short discussion of the theoretical implications is given.

THE VAPOR PRESSURES OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF LITHIUM NITRATE AND THE ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS OF SOME ALKALI SALTS IN SOLUTIONS OF HIGH CONCENTRATION AT 25°

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE VAPOR PRESSURES OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF LITHIUM NITRATE AND THE ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS OF SOME ALKALI SALTS IN SOLUTIONS OF HIGH CONCENTRATION AT 25°J. N. Pearce and A. F. NelsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1932, 54, 9, 3544–3555Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1932Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1932https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01348a008RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views314Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (581 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts