Steganography Approach Research Articles

Data hiding technique in steganography for information security using number theory

In the current era, due to the widespread availability of the Internet, it is extremely easy for people to communicate and share multimedia contents with each other. However, at the same time, secure transfer of personal and copyrighted material has become a critical issue. Consequently, secure means of data transfer are the most urgent need of the time. Steganography is the science and art of protecting the secret data from an unauthorised access. The steganographic approaches conceal secret data into a cover file of type audio, video, text and/or image. The actual challenge in steganography is to achieve high robustness and capacity without bargaining on the imperceptibility of the cover file. In this article, an efficient steganography method is proposed for the transfer of secret data in digital images using number theory. For this purpose, the proposed method represents the cover image using the Fibonacci sequence. The representation of an image in the Fibonacci sequence allows increasing the bit planes from 8-bit to 12-bit planes. The experimental results of the proposed method in comparison with other existing steganographic methods exhibit that our method not only achieves high embedding of secret data but also gives high quality of stego images in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). Furthermore, the robustness of the technique is also evaluated in the presence of salt and pepper noise attack on the cover images.

A Multi-Layer Hybrid Text Steganography for Secret Communication Using Word Tagging and RGB Color Coding

This paper introduces a multi-layer hybrid text steganography approach by utilizing word tagging and recoloring. Existing approaches are planned to be either progressive in getting imperceptibility, or high hiding limit, or robustness. The proposed approach does not use the ordinary sequential inserting process and overcome issues of the current approaches by taking a careful of getting imperceptibility, high hiding limit, and robustness through its hybrid work by using a linguistic technique and a format-based technique. The linguistic technique is used to divide the cover text into embedding layers where each layer consists of a sequence of words that has a single part of speech detected by POS tagger, while the format-based technique is used to recolor the letters of a cover text with a near RGB color coding to embed 12 bits from the secret message in each letter which leads to high hidden capacity and blinds the embedding, moreover, the robustness is accomplished through a multi-layer embedding process, and the generated stego key significantly assists the security of the embedding messages and its size. The experimental results comparison shows that the purpose approach is better than currently developed approaches in providing an ideal balance between imperceptibility, high hiding limit, and robustness criteria

An Antonym Substitution-based Model on Linguistic Steganography Method

<p class="IJASEITAbtract"><span lang="EN-GB">This paper implement the antonym procedure in substitution-based approach for linguistic steganography that is expected to be an alternative to the existing substitution approach that using synonym. This method is hidden the message as existing approach, however that is changing the semantic of the stego text from cover text as the medium. This paper proposed the development method is named Antonym Substitution-based that applied based on implementation linguistic steganography in covering the secret message. This approach refines the word choices makes antonym substitution-based approach linguistically is comparable with the previous effort of synonym substitution. Furthermore, this paper also used the verification and validation approaches as the procedure to evaluate performance of this method. The evaluation through verification approach used in order to determine the effectiveness and quality performance. This proposed method is expected has become the new technique implementation of linguistic steganography in process securing secret message that hide in the text medium.</span></p>

Boosting the Capacity of Web based Steganography by Utilizing Html Space Codes: A blind Steganography Approach

Boosting the Capacity of Web based Steganography by Utilizing Html Space Codes: A blind Steganography Approach

A Steganographic Approach Using New Pixel Selection Combined With Hash Function for Secure Data Transmission in e-Banking

A Steganographic Approach Using New Pixel Selection Combined With Hash Function for Secure Data Transmission in e-Banking

Narrative Approach of Steganography for Secure Communication

Narrative Approach of Steganography for Secure Communication

Novel Text Steganography Using Natural Language Processing and Part-of-Speech Tagging

The practice of transmitting secret data by using cover data is called steganography. At present, several versatile steganographic methods are available using different digital objects (e.g. image, audio, video, text, etc.) as cover to hide data. Accordingly, many methods of steganalysis have been explored to reveal statistical anomalies in stego object, through which presence of secret data can be detected. However, applications of steganography and steganalysis techniques are challenging when cover object is text, as text does not have any redundant bits. In this paper, an innovative text steganography approach is proposed which uses natural language text as cover as well as secret message. The concept of shared key is also used here, that holds the count of each parts-of-speech of secret message. This key is RSA encrypted and shared with communicative parties. Stego created by this method also is in natural language text. This method is successful as the stego keeps the original meaning of the text in gross which makes it robust and undetectable. It shows good result in capacity ratio; also, the similarity index has been assessed by Jaro–Winkler distance and Generalized Levenshtein distance.

Text embedding using image steganography in spatial domain

This paper proposed novel approach of image steganography for text embedding in spatial domain. In the proposed embedding the message is dumped into the image with reference to a random generated key, based on this key the extraction of text is done from the image. So this method is a highly secured from eavesdropping and highly complex to identify the text data in the image and retrieving the text message from the message is also a resilient process. The extraction is only possible when the key is known.

A Novel and Innovative Approach for Image Steganography with Chaos

Steganography is the art/technique of hiding message data inside a carrier file in such a way that unauthorized or unsolicited personnel is not capable of detecting the presence of data inside the carrier file. The Proposed Method provides improved security and improved high embedding capacity image steganography through the usage of Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) and Chaotic Logistic map. Least Significant Bit technique is used to replace the bits in the coefficient of detail band. The proposed method offers lossless and unnoticeable change in the image steganography. In this paper we focus on both cryptography and steganography for better confidentiality, security and robustness. We find that the proposed algorithm has a better CMPSNR (Chaotic Logistic mapping) value averaging close to 74 after embedding the secret data, while the existing algorithms have values of around 65.

Image Steganography Using DWT and Semi Hexadecimal Code Based on PSNR

In this paper, a novel image steganography approach is proposed to enhance the visual quality of stego image. The cover image is decomposed using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to produce wavelet subbands and threshold value is calculated for each higher frequency wavelet subbands. Wavelet coefficients having magnitude larger than the threshold of its subband are selected to embed the secret data. Semi Hexadecimal Code (SHC) is proposed to convert pixel value of secret image into smaller equivalent value so that it distorts stego image as less as possible. Experimental results shows that maximum PSNR between cover image and stego image is more than 75 dB .Proposed approach is also compared with the existing approaches and this comparison shows that the proposed approach is better than the existing approaches.

Hiding Data in X-Ray Scanned Images Using Both Steganography & Cryptography Tecniques

The growth in medical field has led to the advancement of the paper data to the digital data. As the medical field is moving towards the digital world the security has become a major issue. To make the treatment fast and accurate the digital images are being introduced. The patient detail, patient disease, diagnosis etc. are being represented through the digital images. This research is about how the data is embedded in the medical scanned images using the combined approach of cryptography and steganography. The patient information and diagnosis both serves as the secret data. The algorithm keeps the diagnosis and the patient information helps to make the patient treatment accurate and fast.

Steganographic approach to enhancing secure data communication using contours and clustering

With the increasing developments in communication technologies, there is a need for extremely robust information exchange, which is the core aim of steganography. Steganography conceals this information into a trusted media, i.e., an image, video, or audio file, thereby masking its existence. In this paper, to improve the security of implanted data, a steganographic method is proposed that uses contours and clustering. Instead of using the entire image for embedding, the proposed method embeds the data in a particular location of the image that is obtained using a contour. Similar pixels inside the contour are grouped into clusters using the K-means clustering algorithm. Least-significant bit substitution is used to embed the data in the pixels of the cluster without causing any artifacts in the image. The experimental results indicate that our proposed scheme enhances security without degrading the image quality.

Constructive Steganography Using Texture Synthesis

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a constructive steganography approach using texture synthesis. With a source texture pattern, we first generate a reference pattern using a point-based texture synthesis. The reference pattern is further extended using a patch-based synthesis algorithm. We crop the extended pattern to generate an intermediate pattern. The reference pattern is then divided into overlapping patches. With a secret key, the reference patches are pseudo-randomly painted onto a blank canvas. To hide secret messages, we identify appropriate patches from the intermediate pattern to represent secret bits, and fulfill the blank regions with these patches using image quilting. The proposed method has a better performance than previous works. As we extend the source pattern to generate more candidate patches, more secret bits can be hidden into the stego image, and the quality of the synthesized image is better. Meanwhile, the proposed method has a capability of resisting a specified attack designed for texture synthesis-based steganography.

Survey on Reversible Texture Synthesis Techniques

Encryption is the technique by which we can encode the expected snippet of In Advanced Image Steganography the message is covered up in a picture such that the spectators can't figure that it is not an ordinary picture. These days security is an essential issue while transmitting a message. To start with we have scrambled the message to a picture which needs a secret key to be unscrambled. At that point we have shrouded that picture inside another picture by steganography approach. By this two level concealing we can guarantee more grounded security. We propose a novel approach for steganography using a reversible surface union. A surface union process resample's a more diminutive surface picture, which joins another surface picture with an equivalent close-by appearance and a subjective size. We work the surface union process into steganography to cover puzzle messages. Instead of using a present cover picture to cover messages, our figuring covers the source surface picture and embeds riddle messages through the method of surface mix. This empowers us to isolate the puzzle messages and source surface from a stego designed surface. Our approach offers three specific positive conditions. To begin with, our arrangement offers the embedding’s furthest reaches that is in respect to the measure of the stego surface picture. Second, a steganalytic figuring isn't presumably going to vanquish our steganographic approach. Third, the reversible limit gained from our arrangement gives convenience, which grants recovery of the source surface. Trial comes to fruition have affirmed that our proposed estimation can give distinctive amounts of embedding’s limits, make an apparently possible surface pictures, and recover the source surface.

Steganography Using Reversible Texture Synthesis

We propose a novel approach for steganography using a reversible texture synthesis. A texture synthesis process resamples a smaller texture image, which synthesizes a new texture image with a similar local appearance and an arbitrary size. We weave the texture synthesis process into steganography to conceal secret messages. In contrast to using an existing cover image to hide messages, our algorithm conceals the source texture image and embeds secret messages through the process of texture synthesis. This allows us to extract the secret messages and source texture from a stego synthetic texture. Our approach offers three distinct advantages. First, our scheme offers the embedding capacity that is proportional to the size of the stego texture image. Second, a steganalytic algorithm is not likely to defeat our Steganography approach. Third, the reversible capability inherited from our scheme provides functionality, which allows recovery of the source texture. Experimental results have verified that our proposed algorithm can provide various numbers of embedding capacities, produce a visually plausible texture images, and recover the source texture.

A Novel Approach of Image Steganography for Secret Communication Using Spacing Method

A Novel Approach of Image Steganography for Secret Communication Using Spacing Method

Hiding Information Using different lighting Color images

The host medium for the secret message is one of the important principles for the designers of steganography method. In this study, the best color image was studied to carrying any secret image.The steganography approach based Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) and Least Significant Bits (LSBs) substitution. The proposed method offers lossless and unnoticeable changes in the contrast carrier color image and imperceptible by human visual system (HVS), especially the host images which was captured in dark lighting conditions. The aim of the study was to study the process of masking the data in colored images with different light intensities. The effect of the masking process was examined on the images that are classified by a minimum distance and the amount of noise and distortion in the image. The histogram and statistical characteristics of the cover image the results showed the efficient use of images taken with different light intensities in hiding data using the least important bit substitution method. This method succeeded in concealing textual data without distorting the original image (low light) Lire developments due to the concealment process.The digital image segmentation technique was used to distinguish small areas with masking. The result is that smooth homogeneous areas are less affected as a result of hiding comparing with high light areas. It is possible to use dark color images to send any secret message between two persons for the purpose of secret communication with good security.

Coverless image steganography using partial-duplicate image retrieval

Most of the existing image steganographic approaches embed the secret information imperceptibly into a cover image by slightly modifying its content. However, the modification traces will cause some distortion in the stego-image, especially when embedding color image data that usually contain thousands of bits, which makes successful steganalysis possible. In this paper, we propose a novel coverless steganographic approach without any modification for transmitting secret color image. In our approach, instead of modifying a cover image to generate the stego-image, steganography is realized by using a set of proper partial duplicates of a given secret image as stego-images, which are retrieved from a natural image database. More specifically, after dividing each database image into a number of non-overlapping patches and indexing those images based on the features extracted from these patches, we search for the partial duplicates of the secret image in the database to obtain the stego-images, each of which shares one or several visually similar patches with the secret image. At the receiver end, by using the patches of the stego-images, our approach can approximately recover the secret image. Since the stego-images are natural ones without any modification traces, our approach can resist all of the existing steganalysis tools. Experimental results and analysis prove that our approach not only has strong resistance to steganalysis, but also has desirable security and high hiding capability.

Design and Implementation of Lifting Based Wavelet and Adaptive LSB Steganography to Secret Data Sharing Through Image on FPGA

Image steganography is an art of hiding images secretly within another image. There are several ways of performing image steganography; one among them is the spatial approach.The most popular spatial domain approach of image steganography is the Least Significant Bit (LSB) method, which hides the secret image pixel information in the LSB of the cover image pixel information. In this paper a LSB based steganography approach is used to design hardware architecture for the Image steganography. The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used here to transform the cover image into higher and lower wavelet coefficients and use these coefficients in hiding the secret image. the design also includes encryption of secret image data, to provide a higher level of security to the secret image. The steganography system involving the stegno module and a decode module is designed here. The design was simulated, synthesized and implemented on Artix -7 FPGA. The operation hiding and retrieving images was successfully verified through simulations.

An efficient multi-bit steganography algorithm in spatial domain with two-layer security

Steganography is a very useful technique which aims at preventing loss of privacy during the process of data communication, especially over the internet. It can involve different forms of media like image, video (i.e., image sequence), audio etc. We propose a novel steganographic approach in spatial domain using pixel value differencing (PVD) or sample value differencing (SVD) technique and Galois field (GF (28)) operations in order to provide a two layered security for hiding message bits. Our method not only has a very high embedding capacity, but is also capable of withstanding statistical attacks. The proposed method embeds from 2 to 6 bits of the message per pixel in each image component, whereas it can embed a minimum of 6 bits and a maximum of 13 bits of message per sample in audio component at the expense of no perceivable distortion and loss of the cover media quality.