Application Of Social Cognitive Theory Research Articles

Physical Activity in Parents of Young African American Children: The Application of Social Cognitive Theory

Background:Social cognitive theory (SCT) proposes that personal and environmental factors influence behavior bidirectionally. Research examining the personal and environmental factors of physical activity (PA) among African Americans (AAs) framed by SCT is scarce.Purpose:The purpose of this article is to enhance knowledge of SCT as a foundation for health promotion and PA research, in general, and among AAs. Findings from a previous study provide exemplars for key factors and relationships in SCT.Implications for Research and Practice:The SCT serves as a good framework for researchers studying health promotion and PA in generalamong AA parents.

“I Want to Walk with My Moko.” The Application of Social Cognitive Theory in the Creation of a Diabetes Prevention Documentary with New Zealand Māori

Type 2 diabetes is almost three times more prevalent in the indigenous people of New Zealand (Māori) than non-Māori. Despite the high rate of diabetes there is a low level of diabetes knowledge and awareness in the Māori community. Several studies of Māori health identify a need for new health communication approaches to diabetes prevention in order to reduce the gap between Māori and non-Māori disease rates. We applied a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) framework and behavioral theory to create a culturally appropriate documentary for Māori at risk for type 2 diabetes. We discuss how we utilized Bandura’s social cognitive theory to provide a culturally sensitive theoretical basis for behavior change messaging. We outline why social cognitive theory was a culturally appropriate foundation and describe the role of the community in shaping the documentary messaging. A culture-centered approach utilizing participatory methodologies and culturally sensitive behavioral change theory might serve as a model for creating health communication resources in collaboration with other indigenous communities.

Physical Activity in Parents of Young African American Children: The Application of Social Cognitive Theory.

Social cognitive theory (SCT) proposes that personal and environmental factors influence behavior bidirectionally. Research examining the personal and environmental factors of physical activity (PA) among African Americans (AAs) framed by SCT is scarce. The purpose of this article is to enhance knowledge of SCT as a foundation for health promotion and PA research, in general, and among AAs. Findings from a previous study provide exemplars for key factors and relationships in SCT. The SCT serves as a good framework for researchers studying health promotion and PA in generalamong AA parents.

Implicit followership theory to employee creativity: The roles of leader–member exchange, self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation

AbstractLeaders’ implicit followership theory describes leaders’ personal assumptions about the traits and behaviors that characterize followers. Unlike traditional organizational behavior research, studies on leaders’ implicit followership theory can deepen our understandings of ‘how leaders and followers perceive, decide and take action’ from follower-centric perspective. Adopting 267 follower–leader dyads from 16 Chinese enterprises as our final sample, we found that: (1) positive leaders’ implicit followership theory had significant positive effect on followers’ creativity; (2) followers’ leader–member exchange with leader, intrinsic motivation and creative self-efficacy mediated the positive relationship between positive leaders’ implicit followership theory and followers’ creativity; (3) no significance difference was found between the mediating effects of leader–member exchange, intrinsic motivation and creative self-efficacy. The current study not only extended the application of social cognitive theory in leadership research, but also made contributions to the enrichment of social exchange theory and componential theory of creativity.

Applying Social Cognitive Theory in Coaching Athletes: The Power of Positive Role Models

The purpose of this article is to help coaches apply specific principles of psychology to the coaching process. More specifically, the work of Albert Bandura and his social cognitive theory form the basis for the article. This article begins with a brief overview of Bandura's social cognitive theory. It then examines four types of behaviors worthy of imitation and provides practical examples of each. Thereafter, the article defines and outlines various models that coaches need to be aware of and the power of modeling. It concludes with an examination of four processes of observational learning, and most importantly, the actual practical application of social cognitive theory as it relates to coaching athletes. By exploring and developing a better understanding of the basic tenets of social cognitive theory and its applications, coaches can add to and enhance their “coaching toolbox,” and ultimately improve their practice.

Increasing breastfeeding rates among African-American women enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children: application of Social Cognitive Theory

ABSTRACTBreastfeeding offers tremendous health benefits to both child and mother. In spite of these many benefits, current rates of breastfeeding initiation, duration, and exclusivity among African-American women enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) are lower than rates of other ethnic groups. The decision to breastfeed is complicated, and strategies are needed to increase breastfeeding rates among these women. Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) offers hope for understanding these complicated decisions and for developing strategies to overcome this problem. The purpose of this paper is to explore the literature and develop strategies based on SCT to increase breastfeeding among African-American women enrolled in WIC.

Determinants of Long-Term Contraceptive Method Use in Madiun, East Java: Application of Social Cognitive Theory

Background : Indonesia ranks 5 in the world by the number of population. It has Total Fertility Rate of 2.6, which is higher than average rate in South East Asia. In order to control population growth the Indonesian Government has attempted to increase the utilization of the long-term contraceptive method. This study aimed to determine determinants of long-term contraceptive method use in Madiun, East Java with the application of social cognitive theory. Subjects and Method : This was an analytic observational study with case control design. Study subjects consisted of 50 women of reproductive age who had used long term contraceptive method and 100 similar women who had not. The dependent variable was use of long-term contraceptive method. The independent variables were education level, knowledge, attitude, culture, information access, and decision maker. The data were collected using a set of questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis in STATA. Results : Use of long-term contraceptive method were positively affected by high education level (b= 1.31; 95% CI= 0.13 to 2.50; p=0.029), positive attitude (b= 2.45; 95% CI= 1.47 to 3.43); p<0.001), and joint decision making (b= 2.02; 95% CI= 0.91 to 3.13; p<0.001). Joint decision making was affected by positive attitude (b= 1.27; 95% CI= 0.58 to 1.96; p<0.001). Positive attitude was affected by good knowledge (b=0.75; 95% CI= 0.09 to 1.49; p=0.047) and positive culture (b= 1.44; 95% CI= 0.70 to 2.17; p<0.001). Good knowledge was affected by good information access (b= 0.96; 95% CI= 0.20 to 1.63; p= 0.005). Conclusion : Use of long-term contraceptive method is positively affected by high education level, positive attitude, and decision making. Keywords : Use of long term contraceptive method, women of childbearing age, family planning Correspondence: Kartika. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: tsurayya.kartika@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281803339900. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(4): 313-322 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2016.02.04.03

Examining Weibo posting anxiety among well-educated youth in China

This study extends the application of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) to investigate the nature of Weibo posting anxiety and its determinants (i.e., micro-blogging self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and prior experience) among well-educated youth in China. Analyzing semi-structured interviews with Chinese Weibo users, this study identified four dimensions of microblogging posting anxiety, including social-, writing-, technology-, and safety-related anxiety. Fear of receiving negative evaluation from offline friends and leaking personal information to unknown/dangerous readers were the main reasons for their Weibo posting anxiety. Prior experiences of obtaining undesirable comments and disappointing feedback were found to create negative outcome expectations of Weibo usage (e.g., deteriorating self-presentation and causing misunderstanding), which may indirectly induce Weibo posting anxiety. However, self-efficacy did not play a significant role in generating anxious reactions towards Weibo posting. Theoretically, this study uses an SCT analytical lens to enhance the understanding of Weibo posting anxiety among Chinese users. Practically, the findings provide insights to services operators and system designers about users’ anxiety in using social media like Weibo so as to improve the service and boost the usage. Note: An oral presentation of this article was made at the 2014 annual meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (AEJMC), Montreal, Canada.

The Effect of the Persistent Media Campaign on the Public Perception – MISA & Gregorian Bivolaru Case Study

This paper presents a case study about the effects of the mass media in shaping public perception. The novelty of the research is due to the application of social cognitive theory about mass media effects and framing theory in a case study that refers to human rights and discrimination. In the case of the Romanian yoga movement and the yoga teacher Gregorian Bivolaru, 25 years of media campaigns of defamation and hate speech have a measurable effect on the public perception, as the mediated image was based on false accusations and repetitive stereotypes. The negative framing and associations of the news about MISA Yoga School had led to the marginalization and discrimination of the yoga practitioners, who are now one of the most discriminated categories of Romanian citizens. The public perception, as the quantitative research presented in this paper have shown, reproduces the mediated stereotypes. The opinion of people who know directly the yoga movement, although are not part of it, is strongly different (considerably better, according to our results) than the opinion of people who “know” the yoga movement only as a media constructed reality. Biased by the media campaign, people from the second category tend to isolate the yoga practitioners, do not trust them and are suspicious towards them. These results are consistent with the research that studied the opinion of yoga practitioners, who considered that are victims of discrimination as a consequence of the media campaign. The quantitative research consisted of a pilot survey upon 300 subjects, followed by two different researches with 1500 subjects each, that addressed the public and the persons inside the movement. Our results suggest that the two strongest effects of the hate speech and stigmatization media campaigns are the marginalization of the yoga practitioners as a social group and their discrimination in the Romanian society. The objective of this research is to better understand the social phenomena generated by the defamation of the Romanian yoga movement, in order to suggest reparatory and compensatory actions that could eliminate this case of large-scale human right violation and discrimination in post-communist Romania.

A Preliminary Application of Social Cognitive Theory to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury.

Researchers have established a relationship between exposure to nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), and increased probability of engaging in the behavior, but few have endeavored to explain the mechanisms underlying the relationship. We drew on Social Cognitive Theory to argue that core cognitions, including NSSI outcome expectancies and self-efficacy expectancies, moderate this relationship. We also explored whether knowledge about NSSI and attitudes toward the behavior played a role in this relationship. A sample of 389 university students (73.1% female, M age=20.90, SD=2.36), completed online questionnaires assessing the constructs of interest. Our findings support the application of Social Cognitive Theory to better understanding NSSI, with clear links between expectancies, self-efficacy and NSSI. Further, these cognitions moderated a number of exposure-NSSI relationships. Implications of these findings for theory, research and intervention are discussed.

How Does Implicit Followership Theories influence Employee’s Creativity?

Leaders’ implicit followership theories (LIFTs) describes leaders’ personal assumptions about the traits and behaviors that characterize followers. Unlike traditional organizational behavior research, studies on LIFTs can deepen our understandings of “how leaders and followers perceive, decide and take action” from follower-centered perspective. Adopting 267 followers from 16 large-sized Chinese enterprises as our final sample, we drew the following findings and conclusions: 1) positive LIFTs had significant positive effect on followers’ creativity; 2) LMX mediated the positive relationship between positive LIFTs and followers’ creativity; 3) Intrinsic motivation mediated the positive relationship between positive LIFTs and followers’ creativity; 4) creative self-efficacy mediated the positive relationship between positive LIFTs and followers’ creativity. The current study not only extended the application of social cognitive theory in leadership research, but also made contributions to the enrichment of ...

Understanding physical activity in individuals with prediabetes: an application of social cognitive theory

Despite well-documented evidence implicating physical activity (PA) in the prevention of type 2 diabetes, the overwhelming majority of individuals with prediabetes are not physically active enough. The purpose of this study was to investigate the applicability of the social cognitive theory (SCT) in understanding PA behaviour in individuals with prediabetes. Individuals with prediabetes (N = 232) completed a mailed questionnaire assessing demographics, self-reported PA (MET.min/wk) and SCT constructs for PA MET.min/wk. For PA MET.min/wk, scheduling and task efficacy both had significant effects on PA (β = .30 and .22, respectively). Goal formation also had a direct effect on PA for scheduling, coping and task efficacy (β = .20, .34 and .30, respectively). Task, coping and scheduling efficacy explained a significant portion of the variance in PA behaviour. Overall, SCT appears to have merit as a model for understanding PA in individuals with prediabetes. Further evaluative inquiry is needed to establish support for the use of the SCT as a framework for developing, implementing and evaluating PA behaviour change interventions in this population.

Factors Associated with Anger among Male Adolescents in Western Iran: An Application of Social Cognitive Theory.

Introduction:Anger can be defined a natural emotional response that is gradually formed to protect us in dealing with threats, damages, assaults, and failures; while hatred is a change of attitude which is built following the persistence of anger towards a subject or an individual. One of the main reasons of adolescents’ reference to the counseling centers is their anger accompanied by violence.Objective:This study aims to determine the social cognitive factors associated with anger among a population of adolescents in the west of Iran based on the social cognitive theory.Methodology:Samples were selected based on multi-stage cluster sampling. Method including the first and the second-grade male high school students from Ilam town (N=360). The Spielberger’s anger questionnaire (STAXI 2) and a self-designed questionnaire based on Bandura’s social cognitive theory were employed as the data collection instruments in the present study.Results:Of the selected population, 200 students were the first-grade and 160 students were the second-grade students. 135 students were the first child of the family, 150 students were the second or the third birth, and 75 students were the fifth or above in their families. Descriptive tests and correlation analysis were used to conduct the statistical analysis. Although there was a significant and inverse relationship between all the components of the theory and anger, the strongest relationship was seen in self-efficacy (-0.585) and the weakest relationship was seen in modeling (-0.297).Discussion and Conclusion:If was concluded that helping people to know their abilities and have a better personal judgment in this case, can influence their anger control. In addition, the process of stress management can effectively increase an individual’s emotional coping.

Application of social cognitive theory in predicting childhood obesity prevention behaviors in overweight and obese Iranian adolescents.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to use social cognitive theory to predict overweight and obesity behaviors in adolescent girls in Iran. Valid and reliable questionnaires about nutritional and physical activity regarding social cognitive theory constructs (self-efficacy, social support, outcome expectations, and outcome expectancies), dietary habits, and physical activity were filled by 172 overweight and obese girl adolescents. The mean age and body mass index were 13.4 ± 0.6 years and 28.2 ± 3.6 kg/m(2), respectively. Body mass index was significantly related to hours of television viewing (p = .003) and grams of junk food (p = .001). None of the social cognitive theory constructs were found to be significant predictors for servings of fruits and vegetables, grams of junk foods, minutes of physical activity, and hours of sedentary behaviors. In future, more culturally appropriate models need to be developed in Iran that can explain and predict prevention behaviors of obesity in Iranian adolescents.

Application of Social Cognitive Theory on the Motivations and Expectations of Developers’ and Investors’ to Commit to Green Building Construction and Supply

While Social cognitive theory has received wide applications in the health communication and education, it has gained little attention in green building market despites its relevance and applicability. The study builds upon social cognitive theory major attributes such as intention, forethought, motivation and expectation to conceptualize a motivation and expectation model for commitment of developers and investors to green building construction and supply. Based on the conceptualized model we infer that motivational expectations of developers and investors in green building construction and supply are rooted in the quest for profit maximization, financial viability of green construction, expected rate of return, monetary incentives, green certification and awards, public image, social and ethical responsibility. However, it is predicted that the nature and strength of relationships among some of these factors will be moderated by available green building skills.

Reducing Bullying: Application of Social Cognitive Theory

Social cognitive theory (SCT) is an important heuristic for understanding the complexity of bullying behaviors and the social nature of involvement in bullying. Bullying has been heralded as a social relationship problem, and the interplay between the individual and his or her social environment supports this conceptualization. SCT has been used to help guide the development of an individualized intervention for bully perpetrators, which will be described in this article. Intervening directly with those who bully others helps understand individual variation in bullying, as well as teaches bully perpetrators alternative, prosocial ways of interacting with others. Students who bully others exhibit a complex array of psychological, cognitive, and social characteristics. In this article, we argue that to truly reduce bullying, interventions must address these psychological, cognitive, and social contributing factors. Only when interventions target these constructs will individuals be able to transform their bullying behaviors into prosocial interactions.

Modeling team performance and its determinants in high-tech industries: Future trends of virtual teaming

Drawing upon social cognitive theory, this research postulates critical team characteristics and environmental factors as key drivers of team performance in virtual contexts. In the proposed model of this study, team performance is positively related to four antecedents (i.e., team efficacy, collective outcome expectation, emotional intelligence climate, and procedural justice climate) directly and indirectly via the mediation of team planning. An empirical testing of this research, by investigating working professionals in high-tech industries, suggests the applicability of social cognitive theory in understanding team performance in virtual teaming contexts. Last, managerial implications about future virtual teaming and limitations of this research are provided.

Assessing the Effects of Cultural Intelligence on Team Knowledge Sharing From a Socio‐Cognitive Perspective

AbstractDrawing upon social cognitive theory, this research postulates cultural intelligence as a key driver of knowledge sharing among culturally diverse teams. An empirical testing of the proposed model, by investigating team leaders from high‐tech industries, reveals the applicability of social cognitive theory in understanding cultural intelligence, perceived team efficacy, and knowledge sharing. Specifically, the test results herein show that knowledge sharing is directly influenced by metacognitive, cognitive, and motivational cultural intelligence. At the same time, knowledge sharing is indirectly impacted by metacognitive and behavioral cultural intelligence through the mediation of perceived team efficacy. Lastly, this research provides managerial implications and limitations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Group Competence: Empirical Insights for the Management of Groups in Dynamic and Complex Situations

Groups increasingly drive value creation in organizations. Yet, although competence has been described at the individual and organizational level, descriptions of group competence are scarce. In this study, traditional input- process-output group models were extended by using a competence-based approach that offers a multilevel and comprehensive way to study group behavior. A homologous model of competence at the individual and group level of analysis was tested with several game simulations. Empirical results support the validity and applicability of social cognitive theory for a homologous multilevel model of competence. Implications are drawn for the management of groups in dynamic and complex situations.

Improving child survival through behavioral change and community engagement: the Farta, Ethiopia Child Survival Project

Despite 25 years of development assistance, Ethiopia experiences one of the highest child mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa. In northwestern Ethiopia, CARE International implemented a five-year child survival project in the Farta district from 2002 to 2007.Although similar to other child survival projects in terms of behavioral change communication approaches, the Farta Child Survival Project exceeded targets, including those for exclusive breastfeeding, environmental hygiene, and health behaviors by using key agents at grassroots level such as religious leaders and positive deviant mothers to improve health outcomes. Health message sharing and social adaptation of new health information led to action which pervaded the whole of village life. As a consequence, healthy behaviors became the new social norm while individuals following old norms encountered community sanctions. This analysis reviews the Farta Child Survival Project to discern which factors in implementation encouraged effective behavioral change through the application of social cognitive theory. Understanding why and how this project was a success will help to duplicate its strategies elsewhere.