Application Of New Knowledge Research Articles

Community Service in an Effort to Introduce Indonesian Accounting System to Thai Students

Accounting is a science that has its own unique features, where every country applies accounting principles in accordance with standardized international norms. Accounting plays an important role for countries as it can be considered the language of business, revealing the financial performance of enterprises. The diversity in accounting applications across nations inspired our interest in exploring the differences between Indonesian and Thai accounting practices through community service involving lecturers and students from Thai Global Business Administration Technological College Thailand (TGBC Thailand). This international community service initiative included six lecturers from Indonesia, five lecturers from TGBC, and 15 students, at TGBC. The purpose of this international community service was to educate participants about and introduce accounting practices applied in both Indonesia and Thailand. This activity is expected to provide additional insights and applications of new knowledge in the field of accounting.

Professional Development of high-school Teachers in Ghana: Exploring the Effectiveness of the Cascading Model

ABSTRACT This study evaluates the effectiveness of the cascading model of professional development (PD) for high-school teachers in Ghana, using Guskey’s Five Critical Levels of Professional Development Evaluation. Employing a quantitative survey methodology, the research focuses on participant reactions, learning outcomes, organisational support, and the application of new knowledge and skills. Findings reveal that the cascading model strengthens teacher knowledge and skills but is constrained by its one-size-fits-all approach, limiting its ability to address diverse professional needs. Organisational support varied significantly, with a strong endorsement for institutional backing but concerns about resource availability and supervisor engagement. Participants reported mixed experiences in applying skills to classroom contexts, underscoring the need for localised support and follow-up mechanisms. The study contributes to understanding PD in resource-constrained environments, advocating for personalised, context-specific strategies to enhance teaching practices and foster sustained professional growth.

«Chinese pages» in the diaries of the artist Grigory Likman

The article analyses fragments of the diaries of the famous Novosibirsk artist Grigory Gustavovich Likman (1954 and 1960), which represent a publicistic reflection on the events of the Soviet-Chinese cultural exchange in which the artist was involved. These pages reflect the general moments of the Soviet creative intelligentsia's reception of Chinese culture; they contain a vivid emotional reaction to a completely different culture, including visual culture. At the same time, Likman's analyses of his impressions and their recording in the text are accompanied by the application of new knowledge in practice: the artist tries to combine the principles of traditional Chinese painting (the desire to convey the essence of the depicted, the special expressiveness of brush movement, spontaneity) with his own already established artistic style. Likman's diary entries and sketches testify to his keen interest in new painting and decorative-applied techniques and are an important source for filling in the gaps in the creative biography of this very versatile artist. The analysis of the diaries confirms the observations of art historians made on the material of painting and graphics: the artist tried to comprehend socially significant subjects in a lyrical way as well as he comprehended domestic subjects.

Translational Medicine in Alzheimer's Disease: The Journey of Donanemab From Discovery to Clinical Application

ABSTRACTSubstantial research has been conducted to identify an efficient treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Existing treatments, including cholinesterase inhibitors and N‐methyl D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, do not reverse or slow the disease course but only treat its manifestations. This limitation has brought attention to the need for treatments that modify the amyloid‐beta (Aβ) and tau pathology of the disease. One recent advancement in AD treatment is donanemab, a monoclonal antibody intended to clear Aβ plaques in the brain. It targets pyroglutamyl(3)‐Aβ protein (3–42) to remove Aβ deposits and alter the disease course. This review explores the timeline of donanemab use from discovery to clinical use. The pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the drug are discussed along with typical and suboptimal preclinical and clinical trial results in terms of efficacy, safety, and tolerability. Thus, donanemab is more effective than donepezil and rivastigmine in removing plaques and improving cognition. At the same time, it is not devoid of safety concerns that are typical of the majority of amyloid‐targeted medicines. The control to end the treatment after plaque cleaning is a unique selling point for some patients, making it more attractive. The innovation and development of donanemab from research to clinical practice are a clear representation of the role of the field of translational medicine in the practical application of new knowledge in the treatment of AD.

Effect of rolling texture on bearing capacity of aircraft repair patches and replaced panels

The article combines issues related to biaxial fatigue loading, corrections for equivalent stress calculations, and the practical application of new knowledge regarding biaxial fatigue in the aviation industry. It considers the possibility and expediency of taking into account the anisotropy of metals’ mechanical characteristics in aircraft repair procedures, such as patching and replacing damaged skin panels. The biaxial loading of the skin is shown to be a significant factor that should be considered in the aircraft skin repair process. It is shown that while well-known Huber-Mises formula works well for isotropic materials, the fuselage skin made of anisotropic alloys requires corrections to the Huber-Mises method. For aircraft parts subjected to biaxial loading, the assessment of equivalent uniaxial stresses can be done by introducing the crystallographic factor into the Huber-Mises formula. This is achieved by transforming the biaxial stress components of fuselage loading due to pressurization and bending into the resolved stresses in the activated crystallographic slip systems of the dominant texture.

Impact of National Culture on the Transfer of Leadership Training

ABSTRACTOrganisations invest heavily in leadership training with the hope that managers will become better leaders. However, the success of these investments depends on the extent to which managers apply the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSA) they have acquired during their training to their job. Without this transfer, leadership training is ineffective. Despite extensive research on training transfer, there is a notable gap in understanding how national culture influences this process. This research aims to examine the impact of national culture on managers' ability to transfer leadership KSA in light of Hofstede's cultural theory. To achieve this, the focus group method was employed to gather qualitative data from 14 managers in Jordan; seven males and seven females. Thematic and narrative analyses confirmed the impact of national culture on training transfer. The six cultural dimensions have influenced the transfer of leadership training and, to a certain extent, shaped managers' organisational behaviour, regardless of gender. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of how deeply ingrained cultural values and practices can either facilitate or impede the application of new knowledge and skills in the workplace. For instance, high power distance in Jordanian organisations hinders initiative‐taking and training transfer, while collectivist values facilitate teamwork and knowledge sharing. High uncertainty avoidance poses challenges in handling new situations, and a focus on short‐term goals reflects a lower long‐term orientation. Additionally, the narratives illustrate varying experiences and outcomes of leadership training transfer, influenced by the interplay of characters, setting, and cultural context. These insights have significant implications for designing and implementing leadership training programmes in culturally diverse settings. Practical recommendations include fostering supportive leadership, implementing mentorship programmes, developing recognition and reward systems, and incorporating change management components. By integrating these findings, organisations can enhance the effectiveness of leadership training and achieve a better return on investment.

Proposed Study on the Existing Body of Literature on Innovation Performance in China’s High-Tech SMEs

This study investigates the intricate relationship between top management capability, relational capability, technological capability, learning capability, innovation strategy, and innovation performance within the context of high-technology Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in China. Through a synthesis of the Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capability Theory, this research delves into how these diverse capabilities intersect to shape innovation outcomes in a rapidly evolving market landscape. Drawing upon empirical data collected from a comprehensive sample of high-tech SMEs operating across various industries in China, this study examines how top management capability influences the firm's strategic direction and innovation agenda. Furthermore, the research explores the role of relational capability in fostering collaborative relationships with stakeholders, such as customers, suppliers, and partners, to access valuable resources and knowledge for innovation initiatives. Moreover, the study investigates how technological capability enables firms to harness advanced technologies and expertise to drive innovation, while learning capability facilitates the absorption, assimilation, and application of new knowledge and insights to fuel continuous innovation efforts. Through an analysis of innovation strategies adopted by high-tech SMEs and their alignment with dynamic capabilities, this research elucidates the mechanisms through which firms leverage their diverse capabilities to formulate and execute effective innovation strategies, ultimately impacting innovation performance. The findings contribute to both theoretical understanding and practical implications, providing insights for high-tech SMEs in China on how to develop and leverage dynamic capabilities across multiple dimensions to enhance innovation performance and achieve sustainable competitive advantage in today's dynamic business environment.

Current trends and future perspectives in hadron therapy: radiobiology

PurposeThe purpose of this article was to highlight current and future trends in radiobiology in an effort to move hadron therapy forward through the application of new knowledge in DNA damage and subsequent response to heavy ion radiotherapy, immune oncology and the interconnection between.MethodsThe subject matter begins with a description of the role of radiation in eliciting either an immunogenic or tolerogenic response to radiation exposure. The role of fragmented DNA in an immunogenic response is described, followed by the definitive role that DNA damage and subsequent repair, or not, of complex DNA damage after hadron exposure plays in the survival response of hadron irradiated cells.ResultsThe process by which ionizing radiation elicits an immunogenic rather than tolerogenic response is becoming clearer. The timing of fractionated radiotherapy when combined with an immune checkpoint inhibitor is not clear and may be tumor site specific. Furthermore, whether hadron therapy is more effective at generating a durable immunogenic response is unknown.ConclusionsCytosolic DNA plays a significant role in eliciting an innate immune response with the likelihood that hadron therapy would generate complex DNA damage that because it is less likely to be repaired, is more likely to become cytosolic DNA, and more likely to activate an immunogenic response. Lastly, DNA repair pathway choice appears to be a credible bio-indicator for hadron therapy selection as well identify druggable targets to enhance hadron therapy.

Benefits of Problem-Solving First for the Success of Cooperative Learning with Videos

Explainer videos (EV) can enhance learning by increasing motivation and illustrating complex content, yet they may also cause cognitive overload or reduced cognitive activation. Addressing these challenges requires well-designed instructional strategies. Our study hypothesized that cooperative problem-solving before watching an EV improves learning outcomes. We tested this with 58 undergraduates examining the topic of light and shadow. The findings revealed that students who engaged in problem-solving prior to viewing the EV demonstrated superior knowledge transfer compared to those who watched the EV first. This suggests that starting with cooperative problem-solving can effectively prepare learners for EV, fostering deeper understanding and successful application of new knowledge.

Tips and tricks for successfully conducting a multicenter study

Tips and tricks for successfully conducting a multicenter study

Overcoming the Technological Barriers in the Blockchain Supply Chain for Small Carriers

The current trend in supply chain development requires the application of new knowledge to meet the challenges posed by new technologies. One such technology is blockchain, which facilitates supply chain solutions through the use of innovative data transfer, storage, and verification systems. However, the use of blockchain can be challenging for certain stakeholders, such as small carriers, who may lack the necessary technical expertise or access to the technology. In this paper, we explore the potential for engaging small carriers that provide services within the blockchain supply chain but face technological barriers. We identify the technological barriers and opportunities for these carriers to participate, focusing on a case study of a small carrier that transports temperature-sensitive cargo. As one of the innovations, we proposed a classification according to three types of control levels, which are of fundamental importance in blockchain applications. In addition, we tested in-vehicle temperature measurement for use in cold chains and stored the transaction in a distributive ledger application in blockchain.

Academic English course for the health sciences: evolution towards a flipped classroom

The transition from university face-to-face teaching to blended learning can be challenging. This educational design research study investigated the optimal design for a blended and flipped learning approach to a scientific English course and the impact on student motivation and learning of incorporating pedagogical principles from adult and work-based learning. Using student feedback and teacher reflections, we evaluated three iterative cycles of development from trialling of e-modules in a face-to-face course, to a fully online course, to a blended learning approach with a flipped classroom. We found that student participants were increasingly satisfied over time and conclude that the final course design is the optimal approach for our context. Integrating principles of direct interest from adult learning and involvement of current work supported participant motivation, while self-paced e-modules allowed direct application of new knowledge. Coherence between pre-class, in-class, and post-class activities in the flipped classroom helped ensure relevant learning activities.

Enhancing teacher AI literacy and integration through different types of cases in teacher professional development

Enhancing teacher AI literacy and integration through different types of cases in teacher professional development

Opportunities to Increase the Efficiency of Universities’ Research and Innovation Activities: Scientometric Evaluation of Researchers' Work under External Information Constraints

The development of research and innovation should be a strategic direction of state policy in the sphere of education. This imposes additional functions connected not only with fundamental and applied research, which is the traditional type of research work of universities, but also with the inclusion of universities' research activities into the unified innovation process of the creation and practical application of new knowledge to obtain new goods or services with new properties. The aim of the article is to determine the ability of international scientometric databases to assess the research and innovation activity of Russian universities. The key research method is regression analysis used to establish the relationship between the Hirsch index values for research papers in the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The paper shows the possibility and expediency of using Google Scholar to evaluate the results of research and innovation activities of medical universities' faculty. This allows increasing the efficiency of the scientometric evaluation of researchers under external information constraints. This corresponds well to the principles of functioning of an entrepreneurial university. The advantage of Google Scholar is the consideration of Russian-language publications in the indexing.

Creating more comparable cohorts in observational palliative care studies: A proposed framework to improve applicability and replicability of research

Background: Palliative care is characterised by heterogeneous patient and caregiver populations who are provided care in different health systems and a research base including a large proportion of observational, mostly retrospective studies. The inherent diversity of palliative care populations and the often inadequate study descriptions challenge the application of new knowledge into practice and reproducibility for confirmatory studies. Being able to define systematically study populations would significantly increase their generalisability and effective translation into practice. Proposal: Based on an informal consensus process by active palliative care researchers challenged by this problem and a review of the current evidence, we propose an approach to creating more comparable cohorts in observational (non-randomised) palliative care studies that relies on defining the study population in relation to a fixed, well-defined event from which analyses are built (‘anchoring’). In addition to providing a detailed and complete description of the study population, anchoring is the critical step in creating more comparable cohorts in observational palliative care studies. Anchoring can be done with respect to a single or multiple data points, and can support both prospective and retrospective data collection and analysis. Discussion: Anchoring the cohort to reproducible data points will help create more comparable cohorts in palliative care whilst mitigating its inherent heterogeneity. This, in turn, will help optimise the generalisability, applicability and reproducibility of observational palliative care studies to strengthen the evidence base and improve practice.

Deciphering the interaction of bacteria inoculants with the recipient endophytic community in grapevine micropropagated plants.

Engineering the plant microbiome with beneficial endophytic bacteria can improve the growth, health, and productivity of the holobiont. Here, we administered two beneficial bacterial strains, Kosakonia VR04 sp. and Rhizobium GR12 sp., to micropropagated grapevine cuttings obtained via somatic embryogenesis. While both strains colonized the plant endosphere, only Rhizobium GR12 sp. increased root biomass under nutritional-deficit conditions, as supported by the plant growth promotion traits detected in its genome. Phylogenetic and co-occurrence analyses revealed that the plant native bacterial community, originally dominated by Streptococcaceae and Micrococcaceae, dramatically changed depending on the inoculation treatments, as invading strains differently affected the relative abundance and the interactions of pre-existing taxa. After 30 days of plantlets' growth, Pantoea became a predominant taxon, and considering untreated plantlets as references, Rhizobium sp. GR12 showed a minor impact on the endophytic bacterial community. On the other hand, Kosakonia sp. VR04 caused a major change in community composition, suggesting an opportunistic colonization pattern. Overall, the results corroborate the importance of preserving the native endophytic community structure and functions during plant microbiome engineering.IMPORTANCEA better comprehension of bacterial colonization processes and outcomes could benefit the use of plant probiotics in the field. In this study, we applied two different beneficial bacteria to grapevine micropropagated plantlets and described how the inoculation of these strains impacts endophytic microbiota assembly. We showed that under nutritional deficit conditions, the response of the receiving endophytic bacterial communities to the invasion of the beneficial strains related to the manifestation of plant growth promotion effects by the inoculated invading strains. Rhizobium sp. GR12 was able to preserve the native microbiome structure despite its effective colonization, highlighting the importance of the plant-endophyte associations for the holobiont performance. Moreover, our approach showed that the use of micropropagated plantlets could be a valuable strategy to study the interplay among the plant, its native microbiota, and the invader on a wider portfolio of species besides model plants, facilitating the application of new knowledge in agriculture.

Stakeholder perspectives of a co-produced intervention to integrate mental health for children and youth within the community sub-system in South Africa

PurposeThis study evaluated the process of integrating child and youth mental health to existing psychosocial support in disadvantaged South African communities. MethodsFour child practitioners of the host organization attended a Train-of-Trainer programme. They subsequently co-produced an intervention informed by a service transformation framework along five service domains. Implementation involved 368 community participants. A sub-sample of 43 participants were engaged in focus groups on their experiences. Data were analysed through thematic analysis. ResultsEstablished themes were inter-linked and transcended the five intervention domains. Engagement and conceptualization of mental health through awareness were viewed as pre-requisites to application of new knowledge. This should be supported by systemic changes, predominantly community mobilization and integrated care. Knowledge transfer involving collaboration between services and communities would enable sustainability of impact. The findings led to the formulation of a Theory of Change. ConclusionsIntegration of child and youth mental health through a cascade approach that actively involves communities in co-production and delivery can enhance service provision in resource-constrained Majority World contexts.

A Narrative Inquiry into Organizational Intelligence Pedagogy

This study aimed to understand the value perceived by the student-practitioner of the Organizational Intelligence (OQ) Model as an interdisciplinary, pedagogical approach to improving evidence-based management (EBMgt) practices in today's organizations. The most prevalent example of organizational hubris is the assumption that the firm knows "enough" about its stakeholders, competitors, market, and, most significantly, itself. Such a deficiency in organizational knowledge management– intentional or not – can quickly become the underlying cause of organizational failures if new learning is not leveraged into performance improvement. This narrative inquiry took the analytical form of a narrative mode of analysis, conjoining narrative thinking with contextual storytelling from the perspective of individual participants (Kim, 2016; Polkinghorne, 2010). In this case, the interpretation of participant perspectives is examined while assessing how evidence-based practices influence organizational ignorance, learning, and systematic decision-making levels. Findings from this study showed that participants (as leaders in their fields) experienced the benefit of learning to see multiple interpretations of reality and forming interdisciplinary praxis between ignorance, learning, and evidence-informed decisions that enhance organizational outcomes positively. Furthermore, benefits to collateral disciplines include implementation science and interventional research to inform and influence organizational change, policy-making, and other positive outcomes. The OQ pedagogy model advances instructional activities into learned-centered activities, placing the student-practitioner back into the reality of their workplace. It enables the active processing and application of new knowledge to support more effective, applied learning that benefits the student-practitioner and their organization. Findings advocate avoiding 'textbook syndrome' to help the student-practitioner make realistic sense of their situations inside organizations.

Thrombocytopenia in dengue infection: mechanisms and a potential application.

Thrombocytopenia is a common symptom and one of the warning signs of dengue virus (DENV) infection. Platelet depletion is critical as it may lead to other severe dengue symptoms. Understanding the molecular events of this condition during dengue infection is challenging because of the multifaceted factors involved in DENV infection and the dynamics of the disease progression. Platelet levels depend on the balance between platelet production and platelet consumption or clearance. Megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis, two interdependent processes in platelet production, are hampered during dengue infection. Conversely, platelet elimination via platelet activation, apoptosis and clearance processes are elevated. Together, these anomalies contribute to thrombocytopenia in dengue patients. Targeting the molecular events of dengue-mediated thrombocytopenia shows great potential but still requires further investigation. Nonetheless, the application of new knowledge in this field, such as immature platelet fraction analysis, may facilitate physicians in monitoring the progression of the disease.

Percepção de bolsistas Capes sobre o impacto no trabalho científico da formação pós-doutoral no exterior

Abstract The objective of this research is to analyze the impact of Capes’ postdoctoral training policy abroad (pd_training) on the insertion or quality of the scholarship holder’s work in their department/group in Brazil. The article empirically discusses post-doctorate as a strategy for the internationalization of science and adopts a qualitative approach, based on the automated content analysis technique, to investigate the data collected at the end of the scholarship holders’ activities by Capes itself. The results point to positive impacts, connected to the common perception of increased possibility of collaboration between national and foreign groups, as well as international visibility arising from relevant scientific publications. The positive impacts are also connected to specific perceptions, directly associated with the types of scholarships received and indirectly with the profile of the scholarship holder. Specifically, Visiting Professor scholarship holders tend to cite, as an impact of their training, the possibility of greater international insertion of the departments to which they are linked and greater mobility of students and researchers who are part of their research group in Brazil. Those who have a Post-Doctoral scholarship highlight greater professional insertion, related to opportunities in the job market for scientists in Brazil or the lack thereof. Those who have a Post-Doctoral Internship scholarship tend to associate the acquisition and application of new knowledge and techniques as a positive effect of their training. In conclusion, the results point to the importance of the articulation between the profile of the scholarship holders and the intentionality projected for the public training policy_pd, aiming to guarantee its effectiveness.