Ground Applications Research Articles

Research Status and Development Trend of Bio-regenerative Life Support System for Deep Space Exploration

Bio-regenerative life support system （BLSS）, is one of key technologies for long-term and long-distance manned space missions such as manned Mars landing and the establishment of lunar and Mars bases. The theories and technologies of BLSS are summarized. Countries and organizations including Russia, USA, Europe, Japan and China have conducted a series of research in BLSS, from bio-unit test, systematic test to manned closed experiment and aquatic micro-ecosystem experiments in space. The development path of BLSS is proposed, and it points out that small-scale terrestrial ecosystem is the key part for the application of BLSS to space. The tendency and ground application prospect of technologies derived by BLSS are analyzed as well.

Pathogenicity of indigenous Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) against Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) under laboratory conditions

BackgroundThe Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is the major insect pest of fruit production worldwide. Chemical control of this pest has induced the selection of resistant medflies populations and negative environmental impact. In addition, the use of pesticides has become an obstacle to the fresh agricultural products exported to many countries that restrict pesticides residues. The aim of this study was to propose alternatives based on the use of microbiological products for the control of C. capitata.Main bodyThe pathogenicity of the Turkish isolate Beauveria bassiana BMAUM M6-4 was evaluated against immature stages and adult of C. capitata under laboratory conditions at a concentration of 107 conidia/ml via different routes of exposure. Conidial treatment was applied by spraying soil and filter paper against 3rd instar larvae and pupae. In contrast, the treatment was administered to adult males and females by contact and ingestion. The percentage of mortality was recorded on the 3rd, 7th, 12th and 15th day after inoculation. Obtained results showed that B. bassiana was very effective against the adult’s fly, where males were more susceptible than females in both treatments (contact and ingestion). This isolate was tested against 3rd instar larvae. It achieved an infection rate of 33.33 and 43.5% of the larvae treated on filter paper and in the soil, respectively. Application of conidial preparations to soil reduced insect emergence and CAN represent a promising strategy for fruit fly integrated management (57.33 and 56.66% emergence from the treatments in soil and filter paper).ConclusionEntomopathogenic fungi are promising as a biocontrol agent that can be used under different modes of ground application against larvae, prepupae and pupae, and/or as a bait spraying or contact against adults.

Research on Application of Ground Penetrating Radar in Detecting Underground Void Areas and Pipelines

With the development of the urban process, the demand for pipeline detection in urban underground vacant areas is becoming more and more urgent. This article attempts to use geological radar detection methods. First, FDTD forward simulation is performed on common underground vacant areas and pipelines to analyze electromagnetic wave propagation and imaging Characteristics, and finally select the site where the water channel is buried for on-site measurement; the results show that the geological radar evacuates the underground, the pipeline detection effect is obvious, the on-site measured image signal is greatly disturbed, and the simulated vacancy zone and pipeline signals are simulated The original feature can provide positive help for the discrimination of the measured image. Similarly, the inversion of the measured image can improve the accuracy of the discrimination.

ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ТОЧНОСТІ ОПИСУ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ГРУП ФОТОПЕРЕТВОРЮВАЧІВ І ФОТОЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ БАТАРЕЙ НА ОСНОВІ ЦІЛЬОВИХ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТІВ НА КОМПЛЕКСНОМУ ОБЛАДНАННІ

Підвищення ефективності перетворення енергії сонячного випромінювання в електроенергію сонячними елементами є основним завданням сонячної енергетики. А сучасний інтерес до проектування і експлуатації фотоелектричних батарей на основі сонячних елементів призводить до оцінювання їх основних експлуатаційних характеристик. Для контролю якості та ефективності сонячного елемента на виробництві або в лабораторних умовах необхідно точно виміряти його вольт-амперну характеристику, яка є основним джерелом інформації про параметри та характеристики сонячного елемента, таких як коефіцієнт корисної дії, максимальну потужність, струм короткого замикання, напругу холостого ходу, струм і напругу при максимальній потужності, коефіцієнт форми тощо. При проектуванні фотоелектричних батарей великих площ, наземного або космічного застосування, виникають труднощі у визначенні різних втрат, таких як комутація фотоелементів, їх не ідентичність, нерівномірності температури і освітленості фотоелектричних батарей. Зазвичай ці втрати враховують введенням у математичну модель різних коефіцієнтів. Експериментальні дослідження в напрямку більш точного визначення всіляких втрат в фотоелектричних батареях призводять до не окупності та ускладнення проведення таких експериментальних досліджень. Для проектування і випробування фотоелектричних батарей великих площин авторами пропонується підхід, який оснований на побудові вольт-амперних характеристик фотоелектричних батарей. Запропонований підхід дозволяє з визначенням воль-амперної характеристики окремого сонячного елемента або груп фотоелектричних перетворювачів, получити моделі при різних рівнях освітленості і температури з характерними параметрами фотоелектричних батарей будь-якої площі. Авторами проведено експериментальне підтвердження запропонованої методики, а також порівняння з іншими експериментальними дослідженнями. В методиці визначені перехідні коефіцієнти математичної моделі, а також розписані особливості застосування запропонованого підходу. Бібл.6, рис. 2.

Small Multispectral UAV Sensor and Its Image Fusion Capability in Cultural Heritage Applications

For many decades the multispectral images of the earth’s surface and its objects were taken from multispectral sensors placed on satellites. In recent years, the technological evolution produced similar sensors (much smaller in size and weight) which can be placed on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), thereby allowing the collection of higher spatial resolution multispectral images. In this paper, Parrot’s small Multispectral (MS) camera Sequoia+ is used, and its images are evaluated at two archaeological sites, on the Byzantine wall (ground application) of Thessaloniki city (Greece) and on a mosaic floor (aerial application) at the archaeological site of Dion (Greece). The camera receives RGB and MS images simultaneously, a fact which does not allow image fusion to be performed, as in the standard utilization procedure of Panchromatic (PAN) and MS image of satellite passive systems. In this direction, that is, utilizing the image fusion processes of satellite PAN and MS images, this paper demonstrates that with proper digital processing the images (RGB and MS) of small MS cameras can lead to a fused image with a high spatial resolution, which retains a large percentage of the spectral information of the original MS image. The high percentage of spectral fidelity of the fused images makes it possible to perform high-precision digital measurements in archaeological sites such as the accurate digital separation of the objects, area measurements and retrieval of information not so visible with common RGB sensors via the MS and RGB data of small MS sensors.

Visual Grounding Via Accumulated Attention.

Visual grounding (VG) aims to locate the most relevant object or region in an image, based on a natural language query. Generally, it requires the machine to first understand the query, identify the key concepts in the image, and then locate the target object by specifying its bounding box. However, in many real-world visual grounding applications, we have to face with ambiguous queries and images with complicated scene structures. Identifying the target based on highly redundant and correlated information can be very challenging, and often leading to unsatisfactory performance. To tackle this, in this paper, we exploit an attention module for each kind of information to reduce internal redundancies. We then propose an accumulated attention (A-ATT) mechanism to reason among all the attention modules jointly. In this way, the relation among different kinds of information can be explicitly captured. Moreover, to improve the performance and robustness of our VG models, we additionally introduce some noises into the training procedure to bridge the distribution gap between the human-labeled training data and the real-world poor quality data. With this "noised" training strategy, we can further learn a bounding box regressor, which can be used to refine the bounding box of the target object. We evaluate the proposed methods on four popular datasets (namely ReferCOCO, ReferCOCO+, ReferCOCOg, and GuessWhat?!). The experimental results show that our methods significantly outperform all previous works on every dataset in terms of accuracy.

The language of luxury fashion advertising: technology of the self and spectacle

PurposeUbiquitous Internet access and social media make visual consumption possibly the most vital characteristic of the experience economy. A cumulative, integrative framework for the analysis of visual artefacts has thus been called for as existing analytical tools and theoretical frameworks (such as semiotics, discourse analysis, content analysis, iconography, rhetoric and so on) each provide in isolation only a restricted perspective. To advance best practice towards shaping brand perception and consumer engagement, this paper provides a crucial analytical tool to uncover the unique and specific characteristics of identitary luxury fashion brand discourse by introducing and applying such an integrative framework.Design/methodology/approachA rigorous grounded theory approach was applied to a corpus of primary data, print advertising in Vogue (UK and US) and Vanity Fair (UK). Outcomes were distilled to first principles of meaning-making and aggregated in a framework which also integrates long-existing classics from diverse fields of knowledge to present a broad cumulative perspective for the analysis of visual discursive practice. This paper demonstrates the methodological rigour and validity of the framework, that is, its practical adequacy and explanatory power in uncovering the identitary brand discourse of luxury fashion.FindingsAn application of the integrative framework breaks new ground in uncovering the discreet identitary characteristics of the discursive practice of the luxury brands under investigation, Chanel and Gucci, which can be encapsulated as gendered technology of the confident self (Foucault) and spectacle (Debord), respectively.Research limitations/implicationsTo advance theory that illuminates understanding and shaping of brand perception and consumer engagement with luxury fashion brands, the proposed framework is the first to integrate insight from a rigorous analysis of primary data with long-existing classics from salient fields of knowledge. It, thus, provides a broader, more inclusive perspective that elucidates the multifaceted layers of meaning of luxury fashion discourse in a new and comprehensive way which existing approaches with focus on an isolated dimension such as semiotics or nonverbal behaviour and so on would not have been able to reveal.Practical implicationsThe inclusive, practicable theoretical framework provides a parsimonious and practical tool that can be applied by non-experts across disciplines to unlock meaning in fashion discourse as a route to shaping brand image and engaging consumers.Originality/valueThe paper provides a new perspective on the communication practice of luxury fashion advertising as the new integrative framework illuminates layers of meaning crucial to understanding the intricacies of identitary brand discourse and to shaping brand perception and engaging consumers.

GROUND-BASED & SPACEBORNE SAR INTERFEROMETRIC TECHNIQUES SUPPORTING THE MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCIES IN THE HEIMDALL PROJECT

Abstract. This paper describes the application of spaceborne and Ground Based radar interferometry as a tool for assisting the management of emergencies related to land movements. The support of the two techniques is carried out integrating some products, using tools available from a software and hardware architecture specifically developed within HEIMDALL, a H2020 project, devoted to providing a multi-hazard Cooperative Management, for Data Exchange, Response Planning and Scenario Building. Deformation maps obtained processing Sentinel-1 SAR images, updated every six days, can provide information over a large area, to be used during the preparedness and recovery phases. Data acquired through a Ground Based SAR system installed in-situ, provide a continuous and discontinuous (periodical) monitoring, aiming at supporting response and recovery phases. The products, in both cases, consist of deformation maps and temporal series, velocity of displacement, obtained through the application of Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI).

An ASIC front-end for fluorescence and Cherenkov light detection with SiPM for space and ground applications

Astroparticle and High Energy Astrophysics space missions measuring extensive air showers produced by cosmic rays and neutrinos in atmosphere require detection of very faint and intense ultraviolet and visible light. Characteristics of the new generation of SiPM (Silicon PhotoMultiplier) are potentially right for this purpose. The capability to operate SiPM contemporarily in photon counting and in charge integration is strictly dependent indeed by the design of the front-end electronics (FEE). In this context, the challenge is to find the right balance and a feasible solution for managing SiPM with a FEE to be able to work, contemporarily and efficiently, in photon counting and charge integration. In this manuscript we present a new ASIC, named RADIOROC, that is an improvement of the CITIROC and that is at the end of its design phase: this chip will be able to work contemporarily in both the named modes. The RADIOROC characteristics and the first simulations carried out on the chip design will be presented.

Three-objective optimization of aircraft secondary power system rotor dynamics

Secondary power system based on gas turbine engine is usually used for starting the aircraft main engine at ground and finds similar application in air during the emergency. The secondary power system comprises of an auxiliary power unit (APU) and an air starter. APU provides stand-alone power to the main engine subsystems and air to the air starter for starting main engine. The main rotor system of APU is to be designed for safe operation during the ground critical speed crossing and maneuver loading. The weight of such a rotor system is an important design criterion. In the current work, multi-objective optimization using hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) is employed for simultaneously minimizing the response at critical speed, the response during maneuvering, and shaft weight of the APU rotor system used in secondary power system of an aircraft. The shaft considered is a stepped one and is modeled using Rayleigh beam elements with three disks. Effects due to gyroscopic effect are also included in the analysis. A Pareto front is generated, and subsequently, an optimal solution is selected for the problem. The comparison with typical two-objective optimization result, having response at critical speed and shaft weight as objectives and response during maneuvering as constraint, has shown that the novel three-objective optimization has provided the designer with improved design choices for the selection of final compromise solution.

Preparation of a Chlorantraniliprole-Thiamethoxam Ultralow-Volume Spray and Application in the Control of Spodoptera frugiperda.

Traditional pesticide spraying methods such as knapsack sprayers are inefficient. Ground application equipment is restricted by the terrain and damages the crops. Pesticides cannot be sprayed over a large area in a short time; thus, when there are concentrated outbreaks of pests with strong migration capacity, such as Spodoptera frugiperda, pests could not be controlled in a small area. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve a satisfactory control effect. Plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have high efficiency and spray pesticides at low altitude and can suitably prevent and control the outbreak of pests. However, pesticide formulations suitable for UAVs are rare. In this study, we developed ultralow-volume (ULV) sprays suitable for plant protection UAVs. We studied their properties and found that the ULV sprays have good wettability and can be fully spread. The minimum contact angle on corn leaves is up to 19°, and the maximum retention is 2.7 times that of the reference product. They also have superior resistance to rain washout and can effectively extend the duration and utilization of pesticides. When sprayed by plant protection UAVs, the decrease rate of the ULV spray at 3 L/ha to S. frugiperda larvae is 81.31% and the control effect is 83.01%, both higher than those of the reference product 40% chlorantraniliprole–thiamethoxam water-dispersible granules (decrease rate 67.39%, control effect 70.35%), sprayed with a knapsack sprayer.

Survey of ground and aerial herbicide application practices in Arkansas agronomic crops

AbstractA thorough understanding of commonly used herbicide application practices and technologies is needed to provide recommendations and determine necessary application education efforts. An online survey to assess ground and aerial herbicide application practices in Arkansas was made available online in spring 2019. The survey was direct-emailed to 272 agricultural aviators and 831 certified commercial pesticide applicators, as well as made publicly available online through multiple media sources. A total of 124 responses were received, of which 75 responses were specific to herbicide applications in Arkansas agronomic crops, accounting for approximately 49% of Arkansas’ planted agronomic crop hectares in 2019. Ground and aerial application equipment were used for 49% and 51% of the herbicide applications on reported hectares, respectively. Rate controllers were commonly used application technologies for both ground and aerial application equipment. In contrast, global positioning system-driven automatic nozzle and boom shut-offs were much more common on ground spray equipment than aerial equipment. Applicator knowledge of nozzles and usage was limited, regardless of ground or aerial applicators, as only 28% of respondents provided a specific nozzle type used, indicating a need for educational efforts on nozzles and their importance in herbicide applications. Of the reported nozzle types, venturi nozzles and straight-stream nozzles were the most commonly used for ground and aerial spray equipment, respectively. Spray carrier volumes of 96.3 and 118.8 L ha−1 for ground spray equipment and 49.6 and 59.9 L ha−1 for aerial application equipment were the means of reported spray volumes for systemic and contact herbicides, respectively. Respondents indicated application optimization was a major benefit of utilizing newer application technologies, herbicide drift was a primary challenge, and research needs expressed by respondents included adjuvants, spray volume efficacy, and herbicide drift. Findings from this survey provided insight into current practices, technologies, and needs of Arkansas herbicide applicators. Research and education efforts can be implemented as a result to address aforementioned needs while providing applied research-based information to applicators based on current practices.

Research and Application on the Neutral Grounding Mode in Tianjin Distribution Network

The paper introduces the present situation of neutral grounding mode in 35kV and 10kV Tianjin distribution network. There are mainly four neutral grounding modes: neutral ungrounded, grounding via arc suppression coil, grounding via low resistance and grounding via intelligent reactor. The advantages and disadvantages of the four neutral grounding modes are compared. According to the development characteristic of Tianjin distribution network, the configuration principle of neutral grounding mode is formulated. In addition, the installation and configuration methods of low resistance and grounding transformer are both given, which provides experience and guidance for the application of low resistance grounding.

Оцінка небезпечності, комплексне гігієнічне нормування флорпірауксифен-бензилу та обґрунтування регламентів безпечного застосування гербіциду на його основі для захисту рису

Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a novel synthetic selective leaf herbicide of the pyridine group with an auxin mechanism of action. The drug Divixton EC (a.i. - florpyrauxifen-benzyl, 25 g/l) is suggestedfor protection of rice crops from weeds. For the state registration for agricultural use in Ukraine and to prevention of toxic impact on human health and quality of environment, risk assessment of the new plant protection product was conducted, and the safety criteria for human health and the environment were substantiated. The allowable daily dose of florpyrauxifen-benzyl for humans at the level of 0.02 mg/kg was substantiated; the hygienic standards for florpyrauxifen-benzyl in rice, working environment, air, water and soil, criteria for the control of the exposureon on workers, regulations for safe use of herbicide Divixton EC in agriculture have been developed. Objective. Toxicological and hygienic assessment of florpyrauxifen-benzyl and Divixton EC drug, substantiationof safety criteria for human health, assessment of the potential impact of florpyrauxifen-benzyl on agricultural workers and the population in case of ground and aerial spraying of the preparation for the protection of rice crops. Methods. Expert-analytical, toxicological, physical, chemical, statistical and hygienic. Results. Based on the parameters of acute toxicity for different routes of exposure, sensitizing properties and irritative effects on the mucous membranes of the eyes and the skin, florpyrauxifen-benzyl and herbicide Divixton EC are classified as moderately hazardous (category 3). Long-term effects (carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and teratogenicity, toxicity for the reproductive function and development) are not limiting criteria for the assessment of florpyrauxifen-benzyl hazard. Approved in Ukraine allowable of florpyrauxifen-ben-zyl for humans is 0.02 mg/kg. As a result of field tests conducted in Ukraine, it was found that the value of occupational risk due to inhalation and through the skin in the course of ground and aerial application of florpyrauxifen-benzyl did not exceed the accepted level, sanitary protection zones ensure the safety of herbicide application for the population and environmental objects; no residues of florpyrauxifen-benzyl were detected during the harvesting of in rice grain and rice paddy. Conclusion. Application of herbicide Divixton EC for rice protectionin accordance with agricultural and hygiene rules and regulations will not result in contamination of agricultural products and environmental objects and will be safe for population and agricultural workers. Key Words: herbicide, florpyrauxifen-benzyl, toxicological characteristics, hazard assessment, hygiene standards and regulations.

The role of ground conditions on the heat exchange potential of energy walls

Geotechnical structures are being increasingly employed, in Europe as all around the world, to exchange heat with the ground and supply thermal energy for heating and cooling of buildings and de-icing of infrastructure. Most current practical applications are related to energy piles, but embedded retaining walls are now also being adopted. However, analysis and design methods for these new dual use foundations and ground heat exchangers are currently lacking, making it hard to provide estimates of energy availability without recourse to full numerical simulation. This paper helps to fill this gap by using coupled thermo-hydro finite element analysis to develop charts of energy capacity that could be applied at the outline design stage for energy walls. In particular, the influence of ground properties (hydraulic and thermal conductivities), and ground conditions, (groundwater temperature and flow velocity) are investigated with the results showing that the hydrogeological conditions and the temperature difference between the ground source and application temperature are especially important in determining the performance of the energy wall.

Population Outbreaks of Mosquitoes After Hurricanes Matthew and Irma and the Control Efforts in St. Johns County, Northeastern Florida.

Major flooding occurred throughout St. John's County, FL, from Hurricane Matthew on October 8, 2016, and Hurricane Irma on September 11, 2017. The flooding caused mosquito population outbreaks in the middle of October in 2016 and September in 2017. Due to the mosquito population outbreaks, Anastasia Mosquito Control District (AMCD) received >3,500 service requests countywide in October 2016 and ≥1,400 service requests in September 2017. During the response to the mosquito population outbreaks caused by the hurricanes, AMCD collaborated with the Emergency Operations Center, Department of Health of St. Johns County, and local media, including television stations, newspapers, and radio stations for public outreach. The AMCD also employed contractors for aerial adulticiding and used every possible resource to successfully control the outbreaks of mosquitoes using both ground and aerial applications.

High Energy Background Event Identification Using Local Group Trigger in a 240-pixel X-ray TES Array

A novel triggering function developed for 240-pixel Transition-Edge Sensors is demonstrated under the high rate of particle background. The function is integrated into the standard data acquisition system in the NIST TES framework. It enables any type of combination of trigger pattern when a pixel is triggered, which is called “group trigger.” As a practical implementation, the primary trigger is distributed to the four physically nearest pixels. The group trigger function was utilized throughout the entire one-month J-PARC experiment for the measurement of the Kaonic-atom X-rays. This trigger allowed us to confirm that the increased background and degraded energy resolution we observed when operating the TES array in the presence of an ion beam are the result of thermal crosstalk from charged particles. We show that the maximum of the average of the signals among the neighboring four pixels is useful for event selection. We use cuts based on this parameter to improve the peak-to-background level in a measured x-ray energy spectrum by a factor of $$\sim$$ 2, while keeping 95% of measured events. This flexible group triggering technique allows us to improve the signal to noise on the very faint Kaonic Helium x-ray lines we are measuring, better understand our experiment environment, and we believe this technique may prove useful in other ground and space-based TES applications.

GROUNDS EXCLUDING CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY IN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW

The application of grounds excluding criminal responsibility in international criminal justice indicates the development of international criminal law toward the observance of human rights and freedoms during a trial. The author argued that international legal standards for the functioning of criminal justice must be aimed at the achievement of the dual goal of the criminal process: the punishment of the perpetrators and protection of human rights.The article provides general characteristics ofthe grounds excluding criminalresponsibility under international criminal law as well as their classification. The Rome Statute of the ICC, by codifying the grounds excluding criminal responsibility combined the approaches of different legal systems to their understanding. The Rome Statute does not concretize whether a particular defence can be classified as an excuse or a justification. The Statute contains three groups excluding criminal responsibility. As practice shows, the application of grounds excluding criminal responsibility for committing international crimes faces a significant number of issues and requires a detailed study of each of the grounds, which has its own mechanism of action.The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was a complex of philosophical, general scientific and special approaches and methods (systemic, dialectical, theoretical generalization and comparison, causal-consequence); conceptual provisions contained in legal literature in international and national law, provisions of international instruments and jurisprudence.Special attention is paid to the substantive and procedural defences as well as «justifications» which exclude wrongfulness of conduct and «excuses» which negate the blameworthiness of wrongful action. The author described the system of grounds excluding criminal responsibility under the Rome Statute, identifying three main groups: 1) grounds excluding criminal responsibility provided for in article 31 of the Statute (mental disease or defect, intoxication, self-defence, duress/necessity); 2) grounds excluding criminal responsibility provided for in the articles 32-33 of the Statute (Mistake of fact or mistake of law, superior orders); 3) additional grounds for excluding criminal responsibility other than those referred to in the Statute. At the same time, the Statute does not contain an exhaustive list of such grounds, thereby allowing the application of grounds not provided for in the Statute. The conclusion is made about the flexibility of the Statute as a legal instrument.

Quality of Municipal Solid Waste Compost from Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT)

Fertilization for agriculture and plantation nutrition still dominated by chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizers utilization for soils is believed has not had the same quality as existing fertilizer standards. On the other hand, increasing waste problems has become environmental issues that have not been properly resolved. MSW process by using MBT Method is able to change the waste management system and produce RDF Fluff products as alternative fuels and compost fertilizers. Research have showed that the quality of organic fertilizer from the Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) process met the SNI 19-7030-2004 parameters with the total N = 1.38%, P2O5 = 0.66% and K2O = 2.34%. Production cost of making organic fertilizer is lower than NPK and the amount used for ground application is higher than NPK. Market confidence began gradually improving due to consumer increasing demand.

Study on Mechanical Behavior of Jurassic Frozen Sandstone in Western China Based on NMR Porosity

Study of frozen rock mechanical properties is necessary for safe application of the artificial ground freezing method in excavation of Chinese western water-rich soft rock layers. Triaxial compression tests and NMR test for samples from the western Jurassic sandstone were performed to investigate rock mechanical properties affected by low temperature and confining pressure. The results show mechanical parameters such as peak strength, cohesion, internal friction angle, residual strength, and elasticity modulus increased with the decreasing temperature under stable pressure, and the above parameters increased with the increasing confining pressure at a certain temperature. In particular, the growth rate of the rock strength would decline when the temperature was below −10°C in this study. Strength attenuation coefficients increased with the decreasing temperature, which indicated higher brittleness, whereas plastic characters got more obvious with the increasing confining pressure at a stable temperature. Furthermore, during the first two freezing stages, porosity decreased sharply with obvious increase of pore (crack) ice content, while porosity varied little at the third stage, which was the reason for the growth rate of rock strength declining with continuous low temperature from microcosmic point of view.