Application Of Computer Aided Engineering Research Articles

An Application of Computer-aided Engineering on Heat Transfer in a Mold for Natural Rubber Boot Production

The production of natural rubber boots refers to the process of manufacturing boots using natural rubber as the primary material. The manufacturing process involves injecting natural rubber into a mold to shape and size the boot. The molded boots are then cured and finished with other materials, such as fabric linings, soles, and straps. Natural rubber boots are popular for outdoor activities, work, and fashion. The purpose of this research is to develop a computer-aided engineering analysis simulation tool for heat transfer in the injection mold of rubber boot products. In this study, a finite element model was created to reduce the preheating time of the mold during the injection molding process, thus increasing production capacity. The first step was to design the mold used in the current factory, followed by an analysis of the heat transfer in the rubber mold. Finally, the position of the heater cartridges was fixed based on the analysis results. FEA was performed to improve the rubber mold, and experiments were conducted to validate the FEA. The results showed that the FEA was in good agreement with the experimental results, specifically with the temperature analysis.The time required for the heater cartridge to preheat the rubber boot mold is 35 minutes, down from 120 minutes, representing a percentage improvement of 70.8. The heat transfer values obtained at each location have an error of less than 10%, which is a good result for the calculated model. We propose an optimal design method for arranging cartridge heaters in rubber boot injection mold to improve the mold design, specifically on the mold outer surface.

A Multi Domain Modeling Approach for the CFD Simulation of Multi-Stage Gearboxes

The application of Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) tools in mechanical design has consistently increased over the last decades. The benefits introduced by virtual models in terms of time and cost reductions are the main drivers for their exploitation in industry as well as for research purposes in academia. In this regard, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can be exploited to study lubrication and efficiency of gears. However, the mesh handling complexities deriving from the boundary motion is still a concern for its application to multi-stage gearboxes. In this work, an innovative multi domain partitioning method for the simulation of a two-stage industrial speed reducer is presented. The implemented solution foresees the combination of two remeshing strategies, namely GRA (Global Remeshing Approach) and GRAMC (GRA with Mesh Clustering), and resulted in a computationally effective performance. The results were compared with experimental data obtained with measurements on the real system, providing a good agreement in the power losses prediction. Considering the complexity of obtaining such results experimentally, the proposed numerical algorithm can offer substantial benefits for an estimation of the transmissions’ efficiency in various operating conditions. The numerical model was built in the open-source environment OpenFOAM®.

Fungal cellulases: protein engineering and post-translational modifications.

Enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses into fermentable sugars to produce biofuels and other biomaterials is critical for environmentally sustainable development and energy resource supply. However, there are problems in enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis, such as the complex cellulase composition, low degradation efficiency, high production cost, and post-translational modifications (PTMs), all of which are closely related to specific characteristics of cellulases that remain unclear. These problems hinder the practical application of cellulases. Due to the rapid development of computer technology in recent years, computer-aided protein engineering is being widely used, which also brings new opportunities for the development of cellulases. Especially in recent years, a large number of studies have reported on the application of computer-aided protein engineering in the development of cellulases; however, these articles have not been systematically reviewed. This article focused on the aspect of protein engineering and PTMs of fungal cellulases. In this manuscript, the latest literatures and the distribution of potential sites of cellulases for engineering have been systematically summarized, which provide reference for further improvement of cellulase properties. KEY POINTS: •Rational design based on virtual mutagenesis can improve cellulase properties. •Modifying protein side chains and glycans helps obtain superior cellulases. •N-terminal glutamine-pyroglutamate conversion stabilizes fungal cellulases.

Parameter Optimization with Multi-criteria Decision-Making Methods in Rail Transport: A Case Study of Freight Wagon Bogie

The high safety factor expected from transport vehicles results in high costs. Moreover, the environmental and financial concerns in transport vehicle technology make the minimization of production factors obligatory. This causes a decision problem between high safety and production at low cost. In this study, modeling and analysis with multi-criteria decision-making methods for freight wagon bogie operating with high safety and minimum cost were aimed. The decision problem was created considering the factors of safety, manufacturability and cost for three different materials, and the most appropriate material combination was determined for the bogie construction. In data production for the decision factors, the application of computer-aided engineering and chemical content of the materials were taken into consideration. The real tonnage prices of the related material were used for the cost criterion. TOPSIS, VIKOR and SAW, which are among the multi-criteria decision-making methods, were used for the solution of the decision problem. Fishbone, Cronbach’s alpha and regression methods were used for quality and reliability analysis. It was found that the solutions obtained from the chosen models validate each other. Together with the concept of economy and computer-aided engineering applications, its successful applicability to decision problems developed for freight wagons and providing a solution to them is the originality of this paper. According to the methods, the ideal solution was found as the material S355 for the pivot, S235 for the carrier and the bolster. According to reliability analysis, the data produced were found statistically sufficient and significant (Adj. R-Sq’s obtained above 95%).

Generate an Optimum Lightweight Legs Structure Design Based on Critical Posture in A-FLoW Humanoid Robot

Lightweight construction and energy efficiency play an important role in humanoid robot development. The application of computer-aided engineering (CAE) in the development process is one of the possibilities to achieve the appropriate reduction of the weight. This paper describes a method to generate an optimum lightweight legs structure design based on critical posture during walking locomotion in A-FLoW Humanoid robot.The criticalposture can be obtained from the highest forces and moments in each joint of the robot body during walking locomotion. From the finite element analysis (FEA) result can be realized leg structure design of A-FLoW humanoid robot with a maximum displacement value of 0.05 mmand weight reduction about 0.598 Kg from the thigh structure and a maximum displacement value of 0,13 mmand weight reduction about 0.57 kg from the shin structure.

Multimedia Image Technology and Computer Aided Manufacturing Engineering Analysis

Since the reform and opening up, with the continuous development of science and technology in China, more and more advanced science and technology have emerged under the trend of diversification. Multimedia imaging technology, for example, has a significant and positive impact on computer aided manufacturing engineering in China. From the perspective of scientific and technological advancement and development, the multimedia image technology has a very positive influence on the application and development of computer-aided manufacturing engineering, whether in function or function play. Therefore, this paper mainly starts from the concept of multimedia image technology to analyze the application of multimedia image technology in computer aided manufacturing engineering.

Practical Application of CAE in the Design Process of the Floating Stages of the Lakeside Festival in Bregenz - Austria

The design of modern and architecturally complex constructions in civil engineering can only be effectively achieved through the application of Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE). This requires, on the one hand the use of fully 3D CAD Systems during the architectural design process and on the other hand the use of fully 3D numerical calculation methods like the Finite Element Method (FEM) during the engineering construction process. The combination of the aforementioned CAE methods allows for the development of highly sophisticated structures. The practical application of these methods will be revealed by examining the floating stages of the lake festival in Bregenz/Austria, these stages are designed and built anew every second year. The aim is to show the development process from the initial designs up to the finished stage; a process made possible thanks to a close collaboration between designers and engineers.

Optimization of plastic injection molding process parameters for manufacturing a brake booster valve body

The plastic injection molding (PIM) process parameters have been investigated for manufacturing a brake booster valve body. The optimal PIM process parameters is determined with the application of computer-aided engineering integrating with the Taguchi method to improve the compressive property of the valve body. The parameters considered for optimization are the following: number of gates, gate size, molding temperature, resin temperature, switch over by volume filled, switch over by injection pressure, and curing time. An orthogonal array of L18 is created for the statistical design of experiments based on the Taguchi method. Then, Mold-Flow analyses are performed by using the designed process parameters based on the L18 orthogonal array. The signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) are used to find the optimal PIM process parameters and to figure out the impact of the viscosity of resin, curing percentage, and compressive strength on a brake booster valve body. When compared with the average compression strength out of the 18 design experiments, the compression strength of the valve body produced using the optimal PIM process parameters showed a nearly 12% improvement.

The Research of CAE Active Knowledge Aided System Based on Network

According to the application status of the Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) in mechanical design field and the higher knowledge threshold that is set up for designer by CAE technique, this paper puts forward to construct a basic prototype of system to provide knowledge assistance for CAE designer with active knowledge assistance method and operation encapsulation based on network. And it is encapsulated as the partner software of the CAE software to realize the effective utilization of the CAE to reduce the learning burden of designer and designing cost. The existence of this aided system promotes the application of CAE in mechanical design engineering and improves the innovation ability.

Vibration transmission reduction from a centrifugal turbo blower in a fuel cell electric vehicle

This paper presents a multi-body flexible dynamic analysis of a centrifugal turbo blower for a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) based on the application of computer-aided engineering (CAE) to predict the acceleration at the mount position of the blower. This predicted acceleration is validated by using the measured acceleration data. The numerical simulation for the multi-body flexible dynamics of the blower is used not only to identify the most effective mount among four mounts in an FCEV by controlling the complex stiffness of the isolator, but also to suggest the range of complex stiffness of the isolator at the most effective mount. This numerical simulation technology can be useful for the estimation of the variation of vibration transmission for the structural modification of the turbo blower.

Application of Computer-Aided Process Engineering and Exergy Analysis to Evaluate Different Routes of Biofuels Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass

The fast development of the bioethanol industry based on sugar cane in Colombia and Latin America has contributed to the debate on “food versus fuel” and environmental impact. In this paper, the integrated use of sugar cane bagasse was analyzed for the second generation of biofuels production, which does not affect the food supply. A case study was used to demonstrate the approach. The case study involves the conversion of 1200 tonnes/day of sugar cane bagasse to ethanol. Computer-aided process engineering tools together with exergetic and life cycle analyses using Aspen and SimaPro software were used for the screening of process configurations and the identification of opportunities for improvement. Additionally, the application of process integration principles to the selected topology identified strategies to conserve natural resources and reduce the environmental impact of the process.

Development of a CAD/CAM system for the closed-die forging process

The application of computer-aided engineering (CAE), computer-aided design (CAD), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), is essential in modern metal forming technology. Thus, the process of modelling for the investigation and understanding of deformation mechanics has become a major concern in recent and advanced research, and the finite element method (FEM) has assumed increased importance, particularly in the modelling of deformation processes. This work is devoted to the development of a CAD/CAM system for the closed-die forging process. The system development consists of three stages: namely, metal flow simulation, die failure analysis and design optimisation, and the development and implementation of a machining code. In the first stage, the FEM was used to simulate the axisymmetric closed-die forging process of copper material. The method is used to study the metal flow; die filling, retaining the non-linearity involved in the large change in the geometry; the continuous change in the contact surface condition; and the isotropic material work-hardening characteristics. In the second stage, a finite element analysis and optimisation algorithm is developed to examine the die fatigue life and to optimise the die design. The finite element analysis in the first and second stage was carried out using commercially available finite element software called LUSAS. In the third stage, a machining code for the optimised die is developed and implemented using CAD/CAM software called UniGraphics and CNC machine.

Application of computer-aided engineering optimum design method in aluminum profile extrusion mould

The finite element analysis and the optimum design of aluminum profile extrusion mould were investigated using the ANSYS software and its parameterized modeling method. The optimum dimensions of the mould were obtained. It is found that the stress distribution is very uneven, and the stress convergence is rather severe in the bridge of the aluminum profile extrusion mould. The optimum height of the mould is 70.527 mm, and the optimum radius of dividing holes are 70.182 mm and 80.663 mm. Increasing the height of the mould in the range of 61.282 mm to 70.422 mm can prolong its longevity, but when the height is over 70.422 mm, its longevity reduces.

Computer-aided engineering challenges for wireless transceivers

This work explores potential errors arising in the application of modern computer-aided engineering (CAE) software to the simulation of RF-communication system hardware. A hardware set comprising a 915-MHz transmitter and a corresponding 915-MHz receiver is analyzed by comparing system-level simulations from commercially available software to various linear and nonlinear performance measurements. It is shown that after the determination of the subsystem computer-aided design parameters using the measured component behavior, good predictions of in-band performance can be achieved for all analog parameters examined. Discrepancies, in some cases significant ones, are revealed in the out of band response predictions of the output frequency spectral content caused by system nonlinearities. Ideal filter and mixer models, in particular, are shown to be inadequate for high accuracy system simulation work. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 13: 86–100, 2003.

Application of CAE for hot-forging of automotive components

Since the late 1980s, the commercial based forging analysis software has come into the market and brought some benefits for optimizing forging processes. Nissan Motor Co. has applied CAE (computer-aided engineering) mainly to hot-forging processes. This paper describes three examples of simulations which were applied to our hot-forging plant floor. The first example is a model experiment using Plasticine and FE (finite-element) simulation with analysis of variance using the orthogonal array to reduce the amount of input material for crankshaft forging. The second example is of a die stress analysis for extending the lifetime of a die for forging side flanges. The final example is an application of CAE for the development of a forging expert system to prevent defects in hot-forged components.

Thermal analysis and design of a micro-hotplate for integrated gas-sensor applications

The application of commercial mechanical computer-aided engineering (MCAE) software to the design and analysis of micro-hotplate (MHP) structures is presented. The simulation provides an estimation of heating efficiency and temperature distribution on the hotplate. The analysis is applied to a newly proposed MHP structure during layout design. Novel design results in a hotplate with high heating efficiency, good temperature uniformity and ease of temperature sensing. The simulation result has been compared with experimental measurement. For the first time, liquid crystal thermography is used to visualize the temperature profile on the hotplate.