Antigen Testing In Men Research Articles

Prostate-specific Antigen Testing in Men with Disabilities: A Cross-sectional Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey

BackgroundPatients with disabilities represent a unique minority population. The incidence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing among this population is unknown. ObjectiveTo compare PSA testing rates and associated predictors among men with and without reported disabilities in the USA. Design, setting, and participantsA cross-sectional study of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) for the years 2012, 2013, 2017 and 2019 was conducted in men with reported disabilities. Outcome measurements and statistical analysisBaseline demographics of the entire cohort were stratified based on their reported disabilities (none, disabled, deaf, and blind). Each disability was compared separately and in combination with the cohort without disabilities. Multivariable logistic regression models determined clinically significant predictors of PSA testing in men with disabilities compared with those without. Results and limitationsOverall, 782 (15%) men with disabilities were compared with 4569 (85%) men without disabilities. The former cohort was older with a median (interquartile range) age of 65 (56–75) versus 57 (43–67) yr (p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, men with any disability were less likely to undergo PSA testing (odds ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.62–0.96, p = 0.018). Variables associated with increased PSA testing included age, having a health care provider, health insurance, and living with a partner. ConclusionsInequalities in PSA testing exist among men with disabilities in the USA, especially among the deaf and blind, being less likely to undergo PSA testing. Further research is required to identify and deal with any obstacles in the implementation of equal PSA testing in this unique population. Patient summaryIn the USA, men with reported disabilities are less likely to undergo PSA testing than patients without reported disabilities.

Predictors of prostate-specific antigen testing in men aged ≥55years: A cross-sectional study based on patient-reported outcomes.

To examine the predictors of prostate-specific antigen discussion with a physician and prostate-specific antigen testing in men aged ≥55years. Utilizing the USA Health Information National Trends Survey, 4th Ed., a cross-sectional study from 2011 to 2014 was carried out to analyze the factors predicting prostate-specific antigen testing and discussion in men ≥55years. Associations between each covariate and prostate-specific antigen discussion/testing were determined. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine clinically relevant predictors of prostate-specific antigen discussion/testing. Due to multiple comparisons, the Bonferroni correction was used. A total of 2731 men included in the Health Information National Trends Survey were analyzed. Several socioeconomic parameters were found to increase the likelihood of men aged ≥55years to undergo prostate-specific antigen testing: living with a spouse, a higher level of education (college graduate or above), a higher income (>$50000 annually) and previous history of any cancer. In contrast, current smokers were less likely to undergo prostate-specific antigen testing. Having a prostate-specific antigen discussion with a physician was more likely for men surveyed in 2014, for men who were living with a spouse, who had a higher annual income (>$50000 annually) and those with a history of any cancer. Significant inequalities in prostate-specific antigen testing and discussion exist among men in the USA, mainly driven by socioeconomic factors. Ideally, prostate-specific antigen testing and discussion should be based on relevant clinical factors with a shared decision-making approach for every man. Therefore, a better understanding of the socioeconomic factors influencing prostate-specific antigen testing/discussions can inform strategies to reduce existing gaps in care.

The impact of a family history of prostate cancer on the prognosis and features of the disease in Korea: results from a cross-sectional longitudinal pilot study.

Reports on the impact of a family history of prostate cancer among Asians are scarce. We evaluated whether a positive prostate cancer family history is associated with the prognosis and features of the disease. From January 2006 to December 2015, patients who received treatment for pathologically diagnosed prostate cancer were enrolled. Information on family history was obtained via self-administered questionnaires between January 2015 and December 2016. The overall survival rate for all patients and the rate of biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy were assessed according to the presence of family history. Of 1266 patients (median age, 68.1years; median prostate-specific antigen, 8.73ng/mL; median follow-up, 40.0months), 47 (3.8%) were identified as having a family history. Men with a family history had a younger age, higher proportion of cases diagnosed before 55years of age, and lower stage than those without a family history. Family history was not a potential risk factor for overall survival. In an analysis of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (median prostate-specific antigen, 7.40ng/mL; median follow-up, 40.5months), no differences in pathologic characteristics were found between patients with (n=39, 93.5%) and without (n=567, 6.4%) a family history. Family history was not predictive of biochemical failure. A family history of prostate cancer seemed to have no effect on prognosis and disease aggressiveness. However, this study proposed a rationale for performing earlier prostate-specific antigen testing in men with a family history of prostate cancer.

Known susceptibility SNPs for sporadic prostate cancer show a similar association with "hereditary" prostate cancer.

BackgroundMore than 70 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported to be associated with prostate cancer (PC) risk; these were mainly identified in the general population with predominantly sporadic PC (SPC). Previous studies have suggested similar associations between a selection of these SNPs and hereditary PC (HPC). Our aim was to evaluate the effect of all known PC risk SNPs and their discriminative value for SPC and HPC.MethodsSeventy‐four PC susceptibility SNPs (reported in literature up to June 2014) were genotyped in a population‐based series of 620 SPC patients, 312 HPC patients from the national Dutch registry and 1819 population‐based referents. Association analyses were performed using logistic regression, focusing on directional consistency of the odds ratios (ORs) with those in the original reports, that is, whether the OR was in the same direction as in the original report. Discriminative performance was evaluated by a genetic risk score used in logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.ResultsDirectional consistency was seen for 62 SNPs in SPC and 64 SNPs in HPC, 56 of which overlapped. ORs were mostly higher for HPC with 22 ORs >1.25 versus 5 for SPC. Discriminative performance was better for HPC with an area under the ROC curve of 0.73 versus 0.64 for SPC.ConclusionsA large overlap was found for the associations between low‐penetrance susceptibility SNPs and SPC and HPC, suggesting a similarity in genetic etiology. This warrants a reconsideration of “HPC” and a restrictive policy toward prostate‐specific antigen testing in men with a positive family history. Genetic risk scores might be used for PC risk stratification on the population level. Prostate 75: 474–483, 2015 © 2014 The Authors. The Prostate published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing in Men Aged 40-64 Years: Impact of Publication of Clinical Trials

We assessed the impact of the publication of trials and changes in recommendations on the rates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in men aged 40 to 64 years by analyzing monthly medical claims for PSA testing in a commercial insurance database from 2001 to 2011, covering more than 1.5 million men in each year. The testing rates for men aged 40 to 49 years, 50 to 59 years, and 60 to 64 years were 12.1%, 32.7%, and 42.7%, respectively, in 2001 vs 15.7%, 34.2%, and 42.0%, respectively, in 2011. Men aged 40 to 49 years experienced a gradual increase in testing rate from 2001 through 2008 (annual change in PSA testing per 10,000 men [AC] = 4.37; P < .001), which became flat from mid-2009 through 2011(AC = -0.06; P =.98). The slope of PSA testing rates did not change in men aged 50 to 59 years or 60 to 64 years with the publication of the results of the large trials in 2009 or with the subsequent changes in recommendations on PSA testing.

Health Risk Behaviors and Prostate Specific Antigen Awareness Among Men in California

Differences in prostate specific antigen awareness may contribute to differences in the frequency of prostate specific antigen testing. We investigated the association of health risk behaviors, including smoking, physical inactivity, obesity and excessive alcohol consumption, with awareness of the prostate specific antigen test in men in California at risk for prostate cancer. Using 2003 data from the California Health Interview Survey, a population based, random digit dial telephone survey, the records of 7,297 men 50 years or older without a history of prostate cancer were identified. The outcome was self-reported awareness of the prostate specific antigen test. The main independent variables were smoking status, physical activity level, body mass index and alcohol consumption. The prevalence, OR and 95% CI for prostate specific antigen awareness were calculated using SUDAAN to account for the complex sampling design. The overall prevalence of prostate specific antigen awareness was 73.0%. After controlling for potential confounders the odds of being aware of the prostate specific antigen test was lower in current smokers (vs never smoked OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.41-0.68), physically inactive men (vs physically active OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63-0.93) and obese men (vs normal weight OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62-0.95). Health risk behaviors are associated with lower prostate specific antigen awareness. Our findings suggest opportunities for focused health education interventions and quality improvement programs tailored to men who engage in unhealthy behaviors to improve their prostate specific antigen test awareness.

The use of prostate‐specific antigen testing in men presenting with haematuria

To analyse prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and clinical outcome in men presenting with haematuria, to develop an evidence-base for the use of PSA testing in this setting, as haematuria is a known complication of locally invasive prostate cancer, and so PSA levels are often measured in patients presenting with haematuria. We reviewed the records of 637 men presenting with haematuria to our urology department between April 2002 and June 2005. Of 373 men aged 50-79 years, 278 (75%) had their PSA level measured, and 50 were abnormal. Prostate biopsies were taken in 27 men with an abnormal PSA level (54%) and one man with a normal PSA level but an abnormal digital rectal examination. Prostate cancer was detected in 22 patients (8% of those tested, and 71% of those biopsied); 4.7% of all men presenting with macroscopic haematuria and aged 50-79 years were found to have prostate cancer, vs 8.5% of those with microscopic haematuria. We report a higher proportion of prostate cancers in men presenting with haematuria and aged 50-79 years than reported in previous screening studies, and a cancer detection rate of 71% of those biopsied, which is at least double the detection rates seen in screening studies. In the absence of a prospective controlled trial, PSA testing will remain part of our protocol for both macroscopic and microscopic haematuria.

528: Prostate Specific Antigen Testing in Men Over 75

You have accessJournal of UrologyModerated Poster, Sunday, May 22, 2005, 3:30 - 5:30 pm1 Apr 2005528: Prostate Specific Antigen Testing in Men Over 75 Charles D. Scales, Regina D. Norris, Lesley H. Curtis, W. Patrick Springhart, Roger L. Sur, David M. Albala, and Judd W. Moul Charles D. ScalesCharles D. Scales More articles by this author , Regina D. NorrisRegina D. Norris More articles by this author , Lesley H. CurtisLesley H. Curtis More articles by this author , W. Patrick SpringhartW. Patrick Springhart More articles by this author , Roger L. SurRoger L. Sur More articles by this author , David M. AlbalaDavid M. Albala More articles by this author , and Judd W. MoulJudd W. Moul More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)34768-2AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "528: Prostate Specific Antigen Testing in Men Over 75." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 144 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 144 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Charles D. Scales More articles by this author Regina D. Norris More articles by this author Lesley H. Curtis More articles by this author W. Patrick Springhart More articles by this author Roger L. Sur More articles by this author David M. Albala More articles by this author Judd W. Moul More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...

PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF PROSTATITIS IN THE HEALTH PROFESSIONALS FOLLOW-UP STUDY COHORT

Prostatitis is an ill-defined condition whose symptoms overlap with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Little is known about the prevalence and correlates of prostatitis, or factors that distinguish prostatitis from BPH. We examined these issues in a large, nationwide sample of healthy men. In 1992, 31,681 United States health professionals without prostate cancer provided information on urological diagnoses, lower urinary tract symptoms, and demographic, clinical and lifestyle factors. We calculated age adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for these correlates predicting a history of prostatitis. We also compared characteristics of men with prostatitis to those with BPH. The prevalence of a self-reported history of prostatitis was 16%. Men reporting a history of BPH had 7.7-fold greater odds of a history of prostatitis, those with moderate or severe lower urinary tract symptoms had 1.8 and 2.8-fold greater odds, respectively, those with a history of sexually transmitted disease had 1.8-fold greater odds and those reporting stress at home or work had 1.5- and 1.2-fold greater odds, respectively. The 2,163 men with prostatitis alone were younger and had less severe urinary tract symptoms (but a similar pattern of symptoms) than the 4,575 men with BPH alone. Self-reported prostatitis was common among healthy men of all ages but there was considerable overlap with self-reported BPH. Prostatitis had several identifiable correlates that may aid in its recognition.

High Rates of Prostate-specific Antigen Testing in Men with Evidence of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Purpose: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is common among men who may be candidates for prostate cancer screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. Patterns of PSA testing among men with evidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia have not been studied. Methods: We examined the prevalence and correlates of a self-reported history of PSA testing. In 1994, 33,028 US health professionals without prostate cancer aged 47 to 85 years provided information on prior PSA testing, lower urinary tract symptoms characteristic of benign prostatic hyperplasia, history of prostatectomy, and prostate cancer risk factors. In 1995, a subset of 7,070 men provided additional information on diagnosis and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Results: From 39% of men in their 50s to 53% of men in their 80s reported PSA testing in the prior year ( P <0.0001 for trend with age). Men were more likely to report PSA testing if they had lower urinary tract symptoms characteristic of benign prostatic hyperplasia (age-adjusted odds ratio for severe symptoms 2.2, 95% confidence interval 1.8 to 2.6), a prior history of prostatectomy (age-adjusted odds ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.2), or a physician diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (odds ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.7 to 2.2; adjusted for age, signs or symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate cancer risk factors). Conclusions: These US health professionals reported preferential use of PSA testing among men least likely to benefit from early cancer detection (older men) and among men most likely to have a false-positive PSA result (men with benign prostatic hyperplasia). Physician and patient education are needed to promote more rational and selective use of this screening test.