Anti-sexual Violence Research Articles

Pencegahan serta Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual pada Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa dalam Lingkup Implementasi Kebijakan

This study focuses on the implementation of the Sexual Violence Prevention and Handling policy carried out at Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University referring to the Regulation of the Chancellor of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University Number 5 of 2021 concerning PPKS in the Untirta Environment. The problems studied in this study are the many cases of sexual violence that still occur in Untirta, campus facilities are not fully available to support anti-sexual violence, the implementation of socialization has not reached all target groups, and the culture of the target group still considers sexual violence as a taboo to report. The purpose of this study is to determine how the policy of preventing and handling sexual violence is implemented at Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University. This study uses the theory put forward by Van Metter and Van Horn. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative method with data analysis through interviews, observations, documentation, and literature studies. For the selection of informants, the researcher used purposive and snowball techniques. The results of this study indicate that implementing the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence policy at Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University has been carried out quite well because it meets each variable studied in the Van Metter Van Horn theory. However, in its implementation, there are certainly still various obstacles faced by the Untirta PPKS Task Force.

Management of Family Education in Growing Anti-Sexual Violence Attitudes

Management of Family Education in Growing Anti-Sexual Violence Attitudes

Revitalizing Justice in Fiqh: Revisiting Non-Retroactive Principles to Address Sexual Violence

Handling sexual violence cases requires a holistic, human rights-based approach, encompassing prevention, protection, law enforcement, recovery, and ensuring victims' access to justice. Islam advocates equality for all, but its implementation is constrained by the improper handling of many sexual violence cases due to the non-retroactive Sexual Violence Law. This paper proposes the urgency of upholding the principle of retroactivity in criminal law and Fiqh Jinayah to build an anti-sexual violence construction based on justice and equality. This normative juridical research employs conceptual, statutory, philosophical, and historical approaches. This approach provides an in-depth understanding of the concept of justice in the handling of sexual violence, according to Sharia. This study uses the Islamic legal literature and comparative legal studies to examine the urgency of upholding the retroactive principle in criminal law and Fiqh Jinayah. This study confirms that applying the retroactive principle to sexual violence is consistent with the six characteristics of Maqasid Sharia: cognitive nature, interconnectedness, wholeness, openness, multidimensionality, and purposefulness. The retroactive principle is necessary in cases of sexual violence as the primary rule in addressing such crimes, in addition to complementing existing laws and regulations. This principle is crucial to ensure fair law enforcement in cases of sexual violence.

Increasing Students' Awareness Through Anti-Sexual Violence And Anti-Bullying Socialization Program At Smp Khoiriyah Sumobito

Salah satu peristiwa yang menjadi perhatian lingkup pendidikan zaman sekarang ialah kekerasan yang sering terjadi di sekolah, selalu ada kasus baru mengenai perilaku peserta didik yang dikategorikan sebagai perilaku menyimpang/negatif yang dilakukan secara sengaja (dengan niat untuk melemahkan korban, mempermalukan) dan dilakukan berulang-ulang tiap tahunnya, diantaranya adalah kasus kekerasan seksual dan bullying. Korban paling banyak dari tindak kekerasan ini adalah perempuan, yakni sekitar 88%. Jatim menempati provinsi dengan kasus kekerasan tertinggi kedua di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan ada 1 metode utama yaitu edukasi dan 2 metode pendukung yaitu observasi dan wawancara. Pendekatan ini diharapkan siswa mampu mengembangkan kepribadian menjadi lebih baik dan meningkatkan kesadaran akan dampak kekerasan seksual dan bullying. Peserta aktif dalam menerima materi dan dapat memberikan tanggapan. Dengan diajukannya beberapa pertanyaan, setidaknya dapat kita ketahui bahwa para peserta tertarik dengan materi dan ingin tahu lebih lanjut akan materi yang disampaikan oleh para pemateri. Kedepannya perlu ditingkatkan intensitas pelaksanaan sosialisasi beserta observasi lanjutan dalam mengukur pemahaman siswa akan kekerasan seksual dan bullying supaya tujuan yang akan dicapai dapat terwujud secara lebih optimal.

Collectivizing trauma: everyday experiences, empathy, and grassroots activism in Japan’s Flower Demonstration against sexual violence

ABSTRACT The Flower Demonstration is an anti-sexual violence movement launched in Japan on Twitter, 2019. By October 2023, the movement has established 67 local branches across Japan and sustained its monthly demonstrations for over four years, contributing to a landmark reform of Japan’s sex crime laws in June 2023. Based on participant observations, semi-structured interviews, and media analysis, this research explores how the Flower Demo expands and sustains to challenge Japan’s prevailing victim-blaming culture and politics. It finds that demonstrations in smaller, less visible communities feature safe expression of personal traumas (my pain), which are integrated and transformed into a collective trauma identity (our pain) through social media and in-person interactions with demonstrations held in symbolic and resourceful larger cities. Social change is then fostered through a nationwide grassroots network that engages directly with the broader society by establishing safe alternative spaces, which can be activated to challenge the male-centric institutional framework when it trivializes sexual violence. Although participants hold varying expectations for the Flower Demo, their common goal centers around trauma healing. This resonates with the vision of Tarana Burke, the initiator of MeToo, who advocates for anti-sexual-violence movements to prioritize empathetic connections and mutual care.

The Urgency of Anti-Sexual Violence Education for Higher Education Students

Sexual violence constitutes a crime against humanity in numerous nations, including Indonesia. Numerous incidents of sexual violence have occurred in the realm of education, particularly in higher education, which should be a safe environment for students to study. The purpose of this study is to delve deeper into the urgency of anti-sexual violence education in higher education. The method employed in this study was a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The results of this study showed that anti-sexual violence education in higher education is very important because there are many cases of sexual violence in Indonesia which involve various components in higher education. The forms of anti-sexual violence education efforts can be carried out by developing anti-sexual violence learning models in higher education and through various programs that encourage the active involvement of students in efforts to support anti-sexual violence. The researchers of this study concluded that education on anti-sexual violence for students in higher education is highly important and can be implemented in a variety of ways to strengthen students' knowledge and involvement in dealing with various cases of sexual violence.

Addressing Campus Sexual Violence: A Collaborative Governance Approach to Legal Policy

Campus sexual violence is a pervasive issue affecting institutions worldwide, with a concerning upward trend in reported incidents. This article scrutinizes legal policies and the efficacy of collaborative governance in mitigating this pervasive problem. The model of collaborative governance, a globally recognized legal policy approach, is at the heart of this study. Utilizing socio-legal research methods, the article employs comparative legal and conceptual legal approaches, drawing from secondary literature sources. The study reveals that the implementation of legal policies and collaborative governance can significantly curb campus sexual violence in Indonesia. This can be achieved by actively engaging both academic community and the wider public. By drawing lessons from countries such as the United States, the Netherlands, Canada and the United Kingdom, Indonesia can replicate their success in reducing campus sexual crimes. These measures include the creation of legal policies, establishing partnerships with central and local governments, and fostering collaborative governance. Key initiatives that have proven effective in these countries include the development of service guidelines that prioritize victim and survivor protection, amplified anti-sexual violence campaigns on campuses, and the promotion of sexual violence awareness education. The establishment of a National Campus Sexual Assault Commission to evaluate the enforcement of educational ministerial regulations and religious affairs ministerial regulations in preventing and addressing campus sexual violence is also recommended. This article offers valuable insights for policymakers in their efforts to devise effective legal strategies to prevent sexual violence on campus.

Implementation of Students' Character to Have an Attitude as Anti-Sexual Violence Intellectuals Through a Healthy Campus

To address the increasing cases of sexual violence in Indonesia and globally, there is a need to develop comprehensive strategies and initiatives. One approach is to enhance character development within the university environment, specifically through the implementation of a robust Healthy Campus Program. This program aims to instill national character values, focusing on education and higher education settings. The research employs qualitative methods, utilizing both secondary and primary sources, to shed light on the gravity of the issue and potential solutions. This holistic approach addresses not only the intellectual but also the spiritual aspects of individuals, emphasizing the importance of moral values and ethical conduct. It is through education that the foundation for preventing sexual violence can be laid. In addition to formal education, a Healthy Campus Program necessitates active involvement from the entire academic community. This collaborative effort is underscored by the guidelines outlined in Permendikbudristek No. 30 of 2021 concerning Crimes of Sexual Violence. The responsibility to foster a secure environment extends to all stakeholders within the university setting. By integrating character development initiatives and implementing a Healthy Campus Program, universities can contribute significantly to the prevention of sexual violence. This multifaceted approach aims not only to raise awareness but also to cultivate a culture of respect, empathy, and accountability. Through these collective efforts, it is envisioned that the number of sexual violence cases will decrease, creating a safer and more nurturing environment within and beyond university campuses.

Me Too as Transnational Advocacy Networks: The Case of Anti-Sexual Violence Movement in Indonesia

The research discusses the anti-sexual movement in Indonesia as a part of the global movement of Me Too and transnational advocacy networks. It aims to answer how the transnational advocacy movement explains the movement against sexual violence in Indonesia. The argument of the research is offered in three parts. First, it argues that the anti-sexual violence movement in Indonesia is a part of transnational advocacy networks. The analysis is provided by explaining the process of boomerang patterns, political entrepreneurs, and international contacts. Second, as part of a transnational advocacy network, the anti-sexual violence movement in Indonesia uses four tactics: information politics, symbolic politics, leverage politics, and accountability politics. The research argues that the anti-sexual violence movement uses all four of the tactics to achieve its goals. Lastly, the third part of the argument discusses the five stages of transnational advocacy networks that the movement has achieved with regard to their goals, and the research argues that it has reached all the stages except for the last one, which is influenced by state behavior.

Rearticulating Islamic Feminism

This article explores the role and impact of the Indonesian Women Ulema Congress—Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia (KUPI) in shaping the narrative of Islamic feminism and public policy regarding gender issues in Indonesia. This movement faces challenges from both cultural (patriarchal culture) and conservative religious views that reject the narrative of Islamic feminism. Nevertheless, the two occurrences of KUPI in 2017 and 2022 demonstrate that the impact of this movement is significant. This research uses content analysis methods to assess various types of publication material, including justice gender fatwas and official publications related to KUPI. The main research question is to what extent the theological and juridical approaches KUPI used in formulating gender fatwas influence public perceptions and policies in Indonesia. This article finds that the gender justice fatwa by KUPI not only impacts the social and cultural aspects but also shapes policy decisions, particularly in areas of anti-sexual violence, forced marriage, environmental, health, and religious violence. This article enriches the academic understanding of how Islamic feminism is articulated and implemented in a context with broad cultural and religious diversity and provides new insights into the dynamics of Islamic feminism at the global level through a contemporary case study in Indonesia.

Sexual Violence Disclosure in #Notokay: Disclosure Goals, Disclosure-Facilitating Resources, and Overall Disclosure Trajectory.

This study investigated the disclosure goals, disclosure-facilitating resources, and overall disclosure trajectory of 16 women who participated in the 2016 #notokay antisexual violence campaign. Findings indicate that most participants' disclosure goals were approach focused. Factors that facilitated disclosure were social media affordances and psychological, professional, and financial resources. Participants' overall disclosure trajectory was upward, but not linear, and disclosure outcomes included self-growth and awareness of the intersectional nature of violence. The findings suggest that the disclosure processes model can be strengthened by considering goal-relevant resources as a structural or environmental factor that influences the choice of approach versus avoidance goals, and consequently, beneficial or harmful disclosure outcomes. Further, by investigating how participants' #notokay disclosure was situated in their other online and offline disclosure episodes, this study provides a contextualized perspective of online hashtagged disclosures of sexual violence.

Analisa Peran Keluarga Dalam Pelibatan Budaya Anti Kekerasan Seksual pada Anak

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of the family in engaging in a culture of anti-sexual violence against children. This study examines sexual violence against children, the prevalence and risk factors for various types of sexual violence and discusses public knowledge and perceptions of this violence. It also examines the role of the family in a culture of anti-sexual violence in children and examines critically the meaning of a culture of anti-sexual violence in children. The diversity of literature reviews is the main qualitative method in this article, accompanied by the main focus of studies on the role of the family in anti-violence in children, examines specific cultural factors that do not only focus on cultural factors in general, but must examine the culture of non-violence in the context of modern society and consensus on international standards on human rights which are recommendations for further research.
 Keywords: Family Role, Culture, sexual violence against children

KONSEP KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL DALAM MEMAHAMI KONFLIK KESETARAAN GENDER DI PSGA UIN JKT

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between interpersonal communication in understanding gender equality conflicts at PSGA UIN Jakarta. The subject of this study was the PSGA Team at UIN Jakarta with 4 lecturers from 4 Faculties involved. The data collection used was interviews which consisted of in-depth questions about PSGA UIN Jakarta. The data collection process was carried out using the method of visiting directly to the gender and children study room, participating in various activities carried out by the PSGA. The results of the study show that qualitatively the PSGA team always tries to make activities for students in preventing sexual violence and making a flow of handling, and handling it until it's finished, to form an anti-sexual violence task force. The biggest obstacle is that students are afraid to talk and complain about it to PSGA.

Sexual violence and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Rwanda: a 2020 nationwide cross-sectional survey

BackgroundSexual violence against women is a global public health issue with both short- and long-term effects on the physical and mental health of women. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sexual violence and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in Rwanda.MethodsWe used secondary data from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey of 1,700 participants, who were selected using multistage stratified sampling. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to explore factors associated with sexual violence using SPSS (version 25).ResultsOf the 1,700 women of reproductive age, 12.4% (95%CI: 11.0–14.1) had experienced sexual violence. Justified beating (AOR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.16–1.65), not having health insurance (AOR = 1.46, 95%CI: 1.26–2.40), not being involved in healthcare decision-making (AOR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.99–2.70), having a husband/partner with primary (AOR = 1.70, 95%CI: 5.47–6.21) or no education (AOR = 1.84, 95%CI: 1.21–3.37), as well as having a husband/partner who sometimes (AOR = 3.37, 95%CI: 1.56–7.30) or often (AOR = 12.87, 95%CI: 5.64–29.38) gets drunk were positively associated with sexual violence. However, women from male-headed households (AOR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.29–0.92) were less likely to experience sexual violence.ConclusionsThere is a need to demystify negative culturally-rooted beliefs favouring sexual violence, such as justified beating, as well as increase efforts to promote women’s empowerment and healthcare access. Moreover, engaging men in anti-sexual violence strategies is paramount to addressing male-related issues that expose women to sexual violence.

THE ROLE OF EMOTIONS IN ANTI-SEXUAL VIOLENCE GROUPS IN EGYPT

How do anti-sexual violence groups form and sustain their activism under autocratic regimes? Using the case of the anti-sexual violence groups that emerged online in Egypt in 2020, I investigate the role of emotions in sustaining the movement in the absence of political opportunities, organizational resources, and frame resonance. Drawing from the literature on emotions and social movements, I apply an analytical framework consisting of three concepts, emotion work, emotional opportunities, and emotional transformation. I show how the emotional work carried out by the online groups, and the emotional opportunities inherited from former movements have played a role in mobilizing survivors of sexual violence and transforming the emotional culture around the issue. The data were collected by carrying out interviews with founders and followers of key online accounts supplemented by a review of the groups’ online posts and the public prosecutors’ statements. The article adds to the existing literature on social movements by demonstrating the mechanisms through which emotions matter and affect movements.

Analisa Peran Keluarga Dalam Pelibatan Budaya Anti Kekerasan Seksual pada Anak

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of the family in engaging in a culture of anti-sexual violence against children. This study examines sexual violence against children, the prevalence and risk factors for various types of sexual violence and discusses the knowledge and perceptions of the community regarding these acts of violence. Also examines the role of the family in a culture of anti-sexual violence in children and critically examines the meaning of a culture of anti-sexual violence in children, a variety of literature studies is the main qualitative method in this article accompanied by the main focus of studies on the role of the family in anti-violence in children. examines specific cultural factors that do not only focus on cultural factors in general, but must examine the culture of non-violence in the context of modern society and the consensus of international standards on human rights which become recommendations for further research. Keywords: Family Role, Culture, sexual violence against children

The Logic of International Response to Anti-Violence and Sexual Integrity Agenda in Violent Conflict: Case of MINUSCA

A survivor-centered approach is at the heart of the international community’s humanitarian action today. In armed conflicts various forms of sexual violence are seen not only as accompanying violence, but also as a tool of pressure and warfare of the contesting parties, and important measures to prevent and counteract such acts have been included into the mandates of the UN peacekeeping missions. This research aims to identify the logic of international community’s action to counter conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) by strengthening peacekeeping initiatives, and complement ongoing research on the protection of women in armed conflict and situations of sexual violence. This goal entails an examination of all elements of the existing system: legal framework, the role of states, and the activities of the UN. The authors conducted a content analysis of the UN Security Council resolutions on the topic to trace conceptual terminological changes. At the same time, to identify the main contradictions in the rhetoric of states and, consequently, the motives of their actions, a discourse cluster analysis was used based on the statements of delegations in the UN Security Council. The resulting clusters display three unique positions of the national states that are mostly explained by different understandings of the term itself, the categories of victims of such violence, and the relevant tools for countering it. Emphasis could be placed on including sexual violence on the sanctions list, gender education in military training, increasing the number of women in peacekeeping and peacebuilding missions, or preventive measures. The authors identified the most active states pushing the anti-sexual violence agenda; they include Germany, the UK, the US, Canada, and France. The article also examines the practical implementation of UN peacekeeping mandates in terms of including measures to counteract sexual violence. The research confirms that peacekeeping missions are now more actively engaged in the international response to CRSV.

Sosialisasi Pencegahan Kekerasan Seksual di Lingkungan Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 15 Padang

Schools become one of the secondary socialization agents that children get. Unfortunately, schools are a place that is prone to sexual violence. Therefore, it is necessary to socialize the prevention of sexual violence in schools so that schools become safe spaces for children to continue their education. This activity is beneficial for schools to raise awareness of the importance of preventing sexual violence. Service activities were conducted using counselling and focused group discussions—the place of activity at State High School 15, Padang. Prevention of sexual violence in schools can be done by empowering students to become agents of change. State High School 15, Padang, has an anti-bullying ambassador who can also function as an anti-sexual violence ambassador at school. Cases of sexual violence must be prevented by involving various parties, ranging from schools, students, and families. Socialization activities on anti-sexual violence values ​​need to be carried out continuously among school students so that they become part of their behaviour. Anti-sexual violence values ​​that have been internalized will make students behave spontaneously to reject acts of sexual violence.

On the ‘darkness of dark figure’ of sexual crimes: Survivors' rape reporting experiences with the Nigerian police

While extensive studies have identified the influence of social perception and victims' self-blame as factors responsible for underreporting of rape, fewer studies have explored victims' interaction with police officers and possible impacts this could have on victims' reporting behavior. Therefore, this study explores rape victims’ interaction with officers of the Nigerian Police in the course of seeking justice. Twenty-seven victims of rape who interacted with police and six key informants working in women advocacy groups were interviewed in a qualitative study. Findings indicated that participants perceived police officers to have engaged in victim-blaming, slut-shaming, lack of empathy, refusal to cooperate with counsel, and delaying investigative processes. Evidence from the study suggests that police officers manifest influence from social stereotypes and rape scripts in their perception of rape victims. The study suggests the deployment of a special anti-sexual violence unit within the police, consisting of well-trained and skilled personnel in sexual crimes.

Does healthcare decision-making capacity affect women's justification of sexual violence? The situation of sub-Saharan Africa.

Sexual violence against women is commonly justified in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite international commitments to halt it. This study investigated the association between healthcare decision-making capacity and the justification of sexual violence among women in SSA. We used current datasets of 30 sub-Saharan African countries published between January 2010 and December 2018. The sample included 259,885 women who were in sexual unions. We extracted and analysed the data with Stata version 14. Chi-square test and multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyse the data. Results for the regression analysis were presented as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results showed that women who decided on their healthcare alone had lower odds [AOR=0.93; CI=0.91-0.96] of justifying sexual violence compared to those who were not deciding alone. We also found that women aged 45-49 [AOR=0.85; CI=0.82-0.89], those with higher education [AOR=0.26; CI=0.24-0.29], cohabiting women (AOR=0.82, CI=0.80-0.85], richest women [AOR= 0.58; CI=0.56-0.60], women living in urban areas [AOR=0.74; CI=0.73-0.76], and Christians [AOR=0.52; CI=0.51-0.54] had lower odds of justifying wife beating if a woman refuses to have sex with her partner. On the contrary, women who engaged in agriculture had higher odds of justifying sexual violence than those who were not working [AOR=1.07; CI=1.04-1.09]. Groups that should be prioritised with anti-sexual violence initiatives are the poor, rural residents, and young women. It is also vital to institute policies and interventions focused on educating men about women's right to make decisions, and why partner violence is unjust and intolerable.