Anti-corruption Culture Research Articles

Forming an Anti-Corruption Culture of Law Enforcement Agencies: National and International Experience

This article is concerned with the specific formation of an anti-corruption culture in the law enforcement system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To this date, the country has formed a large base of legal acts regulating the fight against corruption but their effectiveness raises questions.
 In this context, it is necessary to use preventive measures both in society as a whole and in the field of public administration, including law enforcement agencies. One such measure is the formation of an anti-corruption culture. This study aims at analyzing global directions and approaches to the formation of an anti-corruption culture among law enforcement employees. The authors of the article consider the world experience of an anti-corruption struggle and the most efficient models of forming an anti-corruption culture in the sphere of law enforcement.
 The authors have proved that the anti-corruption culture of law enforcement agencies differs from that of other society members and revealed its specific features. The necessary condition for their effective neutralization is not only legal education but also the promotion of moral and ethical standards.
 According to the authors, this goal can be achieved through anti-corruption education that fosters a culture of involvement and consciousness, a clear rejection of corruption and the popularization of anti-corruption standards. In the course of the study, they highlight the main components of an anti-corruption culture among law enforcement employees and conclude on the further efforts scholars and lawmakers should make to develop a common worldview, scientific and legal concept of the fight against corruption.

Mediatization of Anti-Corruption Policy: a Theoretical Analysis

The article deals with the phenomenon of mediatization of anti-corruption policies. The authors study theoretical treatment of the role of the mass media in anti-corruption practices and analyze methodological approaches to interpretation of the mediatization. These include discourse-linguistic, cratologic, and resource-communication approaches. The discourse-linguistic approach involves mainly an analysis of the contents of media texts and images that generate a required public opinion and form stable cognitive matrices of peoples anti-corruption thinking. The cratologic approach regards mediacracy as both government institution and a subject of an anti-corruption policy. It also helps to find a number of information techniques (like agenda-setting, priming, framing, etc.) aimed at forming a legal anti-corruption culture. The resource-communication approach describes mediatization of anti-corruption policies by means of citizen journalism, new media and a vast range of mass communication media. The authors make an attempt to identify key features of the process of mediatization of anti-corruption policy at different stages of its development. The term «mediatization of anti-corruption policy» is defined as a system of measures to provide information support for anti-corruption activities. It is inferred that, overall, the contemporary mass media are successfully accumulating a required technological, organizational and communicative potential for information warfare against corruption. However, extra efforts and the national will would sufficiently add to the efficiency of this potential.

Some aspects of formation of anti-corruption legal culture of youth of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Some aspects of formation of anti-corruption legal culture of youth of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Терминологические аспекты взаимодействия основных категорий формирования антикоррупционной культуры бакалавра юриспруденции

In the article the author reveals the substantive link between the main categories of forming the future anti-corruption culture of the Bachelor of Laws: “culture”, “corruption culture”, “anti-corruption training”, “anticorruption education”, “anti-corruption competence”, “educational space of a law school”. It is noted that in modern Russian society there are trends of degradation of the traditional culture; anti-values are being actively formed and spread, moral ideals are being lost, practically the whole space of human life is being dehumanized. The analysis of the research space of professional training at a law school allows the author to insist on the need to create a discursive field of a new branch of pedagogical knowledge – anticorruption pedagogy.

The Role of Madrasah Anti Korupsi to Reach Indonesia Clean of Corruption

Crruption virus, has become an epidemic, damages all the joints of our civilization. Based on the data Corruption Perception Index 2016, Indonesia won 37 points last year, improved by one point in 2015 which was recorded 36 points. But still, Indonesia is a corrupt country because it is still below the average of 43 points. Anti-corruption movements must continue to be massively duplicated, all elements of civil society must be part of the anti-corruption movement. The congregation movement against corruption through the Anti-Corruption Madrasa (MAK) is a genetics of the Muhammadiyah movement, since a century ago. From the results of the research, the fact revealed the fight against corruption and building an anti-corruption culture through MAK is a new interpretation of al-maun's theology in the second century of Muhammadiyah today. There are 2 big goals from MAK. First, fostering anti-corruption awareness starts with oneself (ibda bi nafsi). Second, together fighting against corruption by involving other anti-corruption civil society organizations.

REVITALIZING AND STRENGTHENING THE ROLE OF APIP IN BUILDING STRONG TONE AT THE TOP AS AN EFFORT TO PREVENT CORRUPTION IN INDONESIA

No country or organization can fully avoid the risk of fraud. The most common fraud in Indonesia is corruption. Corruption has become a culture that is very difficult to separate in every sector especially in the government sector. Sadly, many corruption cases involve regional leaders. Indirectly, the bad example or tone at the top of the leader is one of the causes of the culture of corruption still inherent in the government sector. Corruption in the government sector will certainly have an impact on the declining quality of public services in the community. Weak internal control systems, consisting of both hard control and soft control, in Government are one of the main factors that leads the leaders having the opportunity and motivation to commit corruption continuously. Within the Indonesian Government there isGovernment Internal Auditor (hereinafter referred to Aparat Pengawasan Intern Pemerintah / APIP). APIP is expected to be able to answer the need for the current audit profession. The new paradigm demands the role of APIP not only acting as a supervisor but also a controller. As a Controller, APIP plays a role in guiding and ensuring that all existing processes in government to achieve objectives have been implemented accountably and can minimize risks especially fraud risks by performing several roles such as consulting and assurance service to prevent, detect, and prove the occurrence of fraud through an active role in the whistleblowing system, risk-based audit,forensic audit and continuous audit. To support the role of APIP, it is necessary to strengthen the institutional, regulation and capabilitysectors so that APIP's role can be effective and maximal. If APIP's role is effective in establishing a good control system then the opportunities and wishes of a local leader in committingcorruption is also small so the leaders can provide good tone at the top for subordinates. Thus, it will be able to form a strong anti-corruption culture for any regional leaders. Therefore,the revitalization and strengthening of APIP can be used as a strategy in making anti-corruption system and culture in Indonesia

Situational Approach to Corruption Crimes Prevention: Forensic Aspect

The article addresses modern ways countering corruption. Based on the analysis of foreign experience the major trends in improvement of national and international legal anti-corruption framework are presented. The development of a high level anti-corruption culture in a society, which relates directly to transparency, publicity and repudiation of this phenomenon across all levels of government, is shown to be one of the most effective ways. Reporting on all cases of corruption should be seen as any citizen’s civil duty since corruption is considered a threat to state of law institutions, democracy, human rights and social justice.The article presents the main legal and institutional models of corruption counteraction in modern countries. It is justified that, with the current level of technology development, appointment of forensic examinations is becoming the most prevalent investigative action. They are particularly relevant in cases involving corruption.

Anti-Corruption Sense of Justice as an Overriding Factor of Personality Development of a Penal Correction System Officer

The need in corruption prevention and the necessity to create the anti-corruption legal base are recognized by all states. This particular research is devoted to modern trends in corruption observed inside the penal system. The authors analyze views of researchers on this phenomenon as well as anti-corruption solutions and prove the importance of developing anti-corruption sense of justice and moral education of penal corection system officers. They also offer particular prevention measures aimed at developing anti-corruption sense of justice of officers. In the course of their research the authors analyze provisions of the federal law No, 273 On Corruption Prevention dated December 25, 2008 and offer measures aimed at anti-corruption behavior of officers. As a result of their research, the authors emphasize the need to develop anti-corruption policy and anti-corruption culture as well as the need to teach anti-corruption behavior and sense of justice to penal correction system officers and the need to discover and eliminate causes of corruption. They also conclude that there is a need to develop anti-corruption standards that are being developed by state authorities today for particular spheres of social relations. 

MALANG CORRUPTION WATCH SEBAGAI GERAKAN MASYARAKAT SIPIL DALAM MEMBANGUN BUDAYA ANTI-KORUPSI DI DAERAH

Corruption is a problem that threatens various sectors, such as politics, education, economy, culture, and health. At the area level, corruption cases are a threat that is difficult to detect because of the absence of ad-hoc institutions in conducting surveillance. Therefore, it takes an independent civil society at the area level to enable monitoring and voiced the idea of anti-corruption. This study aims to determine the role of non-governmental organizations namely Malang Corruption Watch in building an anti-corruption culture in Malang Raya. The method used in writing this article is a literature study. The results of this study indicate that Malang Corruption Watch is a non-governmental organization that has an independent nature. In overcoming the problem of communal corruption, Malang Corruption Watch provides citizenship education to the people’s in the form of people political education, public schools, citizen forums, community groups guarding public services, campaigning for anti-corruption movements, and anti-corruption schools to increase the critical power of citizens in addressing the middle public problems happen. Furthermore, there are several posts complaints that are provided so that citizens can easily express their aspirations to realize an anti-corruption culture

Upaya Menciptakan Budaya Anti Korupsi melalui Tradisi Banjar

Corruption crimes have long occurred in Indonesia and the perpetrators are not infrequently involving various groups of societies. Whereas preventive measures have not focused much directly on civil society. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to uncover the efforts to develop an anti-corruption culture in the community through the implementation of the banjar. This study uses a qualitative approach to the case study method. Data are obtained through interviews and literature studies. Data analysis techniques use the Miles and Huberman model. The result of the study shows that the implementation of banjar is one of the community's efforts to cultivate anti-corruption values. The suggestions that the writer can give are based on the results of this study, namely: 1) Indonesian people are rich in local wisdom which contains positive values including the implementation of this banjar so that it must be preserved; 2) the cultivation of the value of anti-corruption through the implementation of banjar is an experience that can be a reference in learning in formal education in schools and universities so that it has sustainable benefits

Актуальные вопросы антикоррупционного образования и культуры

Актуальные вопросы антикоррупционного образования и культуры

Anti-Corruption Education in Milenial Era (Case Study in Poltekes Kemenkes Pangkalpinang)

This research is conducted to describe and analyze student’s understanding of the concept of the notion of corruption, an indication of corruption, the impact and dangers of corruption against themselves, their families and the state, the risk in doing the act of corruption, the notion of anti-corruption, sense of values that indicated the behavior of Anti-corruption, and so on. The research was actualized by the implementing the Anti-corruption Culture Education, including: the implementation of Role Play on internal and external causes based on case scenarios precisely and students understand the internal and external causes. Making anti-corruption media; giving opinion on social media sites, presenting materials of anti-corruption in the Campus Dakwah Institution (LDK), posters, banners, the declaration of honest movement on examination, role plays/drama/short videos on anti-corruption in accordance with the themes were packaged in unique and interesting ways. Doing activities that demonstrated the values ​​and principles of the anti-corruption such as: honesty canteen, daily activities, conducting field surveys on public health services of the ministry of health programs, conducting field survey / visiting the Indonesian Court for Corruption Crimes, and socialization in efforts to prevent corruption. Higher Education played an active role in the anti-corruption movement by giving the anti-corruption culture that handled by educators. The role of educators were to provide the understanding and set an example in the anti-corruption movement to students by utilizing information and communication technologies which are growing increasingly sophisticated in this millennial era. College students were able to perform the anti-corruption action and got involved in supporting anti-corruption movement in the family environment, campus, local and national communities in order to create a clean, corruption-free nation.

СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ПРОБЛЕМ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ АНТИКОРУПЦІЙНИХ ДЕРЖАВНИХ ОРГАНІВ В УКРАЇНІ

Problems of prevention and fight against corruption are important priorities in the state policy of Ukraine. This phenomenon, like corruption, impedes the reform of modern Ukrainian society, worsens the socio-economic situation of the state, affects negatively all spheres of the life of a national society. One of the priority directions and strategies in the state anti-corruption policy is the creation and development of innovative anti-corruption institutions. One of the important foundations for the formation of such innovative institutions is their independence, professionalism, systemicity, legitimacy, legality, etc. The National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine, the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine, the Specialized Anti-Corruption Prosecutor, the State Investigation Bureau, the National Agency for the Detection, Investigation and Asset Recovery of Corruption and Other Crimes, and the Highest Anticorruption Court were established during 2015-2018. At the same time, the effectiveness of anti-corruption policy is not yet. According to experts, the anti-corruption authorities have a selective approach to the identification of suspects and political interdependence, a certain dependence on the influence of representatives of financial-industrial groups and political-ruling elites and, accordingly, the possibility of their use to persecute political opponents. Among other shortcomings of the fight against corruption in Ukraine, foreign experts point out the lack of professionalism, inexperience and lack of independence in the decision-making of the leaders and ordinary staff of NABU and SAP. Serious doubts raise the justification for replacing the criterion of professionalism with the criterion of new faces in the formation of the state of NABU and other anti-corruption bodies, their excessive activity in the media, to hide the lack of real results, public scandals and corporate wars between the old (primarily the Prosecutor General's Office) and new Anti-corruption institutions, which leads to a conflict of jurisdiction and worsens the performance of activities. The problem of streamlining and optimizing the subjects of prevention and counteraction to corruption in order to implement the effective and effective state anti-corruption policy, reducing the manifestations of corruption in Ukraine, is being activated today. In our opinion, rationalization and optimization of anti-corruption bodies of state power should be carried out according to the following algorithm: formation of a problem field - in particular, raising the level of anti-corruption culture, forming preventive mechanisms for the prevention of corruption; carrying out reengineering of anti-corruption bodies of state power; reforming anti-corruption bodies of state power. Equally important is the problem of the formation of a professional corps of anti-corruption bodies of state power on the one hand, and the impartial and transparent formation of the leadership of anti-corruption bodies, regardless of the policy of the state - on the other hand. The analysis provides the basis for determining the following clusters of problems of the formation and development of anti-corruption institutions of state power. First, there is no single concept for the formation and development of anti-corruption bodies in Ukraine. Secondly, the lack of specially trained specialists, who would be knowledgeable not only in law issues but also in the formation and development of public policy, were able to conduct financial audits, collate and analyze data. That is, there was an urgent need to form a generation of specialists of anti-corruption bodies of state power. Thirdly, there is no system for auditing the effectiveness and effectiveness of the anti-corruption institutions itself. Thus, the state spends a lot of money and resources on the creation and development of anti-corruption institutions than the funds and resources provided by such bodies of state power. Fourthly, there are no real mechanisms for punishing corruption offenses. Fifthly, there is no institution of voluntary confiscation of funds provided that it is impossible to explain the origin of the stakes. This would allow offenders to avoid or mitigate criminal liability. Sixth, the Highest Anticorruption Court does not work so far, dampening all the efforts of other anti-corruption institutions.

Program of formation of anti-corruption culture of police officers

Program of formation of anti-corruption culture of police officers

Penyuluhan Hukum Anti Korupsi di Lingkungan SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pontianak

Corruption in Indonesia is growing very rapidly, corruption is widespread everywhere and happens systematically. Often corruption is done with sophisticated engineering and utilizing modern technology. The prevention and prevention of corruption can take the form of various kinds, one of which is to instill an anti-corruption culture through anti-corruption counseling in adolescents, youth, and / or students in school. In order to improve the nation's morals, the strengthening of aspects through an anti-corruption culture from an early age is a crucial task for the academic community as a form of community service, nation and state. Through anti-corruption counseling in schools (in this case Muhammadiyah 1 Pontianak High School), it is expected that the younger generation (students or students) are able to absorb the material from the anti-corruption education. This is done to increase students' knowledge about what factors a person commits corruption, about prohibitions and criminal threats against someone who commits corruption, behavior, morality and morals of a person in life in society.

Preventing the Acts of Criminal Corruption Through Legal Community Education

The efforts to criminalize corruption committed by Polri, Attorney and Criminal Commission of Corruption institutions have been intensified, but state officials, especially regional heads, namely; Governor / Vice Governor, Regent / Deputy Regent, Mayor / Deputy Mayor, Member of Board of Representative People House of both central and regional and other state officials are also not deterred by the actions of law enforcement officers. This condition has led to a gap between the prosecution and prevention with acts of corruption that occurred, that the impact of criminal acts and the prevention of corruption is not directly proportional to the data of the criminal acts of corruption that occurred. Supposedly, the more action and prevention activities undertaken, the criminal acts of corruption will decrease, but empirically the situation in the field is the opposite. To combat this increasingly massive corruption, it is necessary to make other efforts to create an anti-corruption society. The strategic step that must be done by the government is to make intensive prevention efforts, through legal community education in realizing anti-corruption culture in Indonesia. Intensive prevention is done by establishing commission on prevention of criminal acts of corruption, which carries a special task in the field of prevention of corruption crime. The problems that have been hypothesized in this study have been tested by the researchers and resulted in the conclusion that officials given socialization of knowledge about the prevention of criminal acts of corruption tend not to do corruption, compared to officials who do not follow socialization; There is a positive influence of socialization activities conducted on the decrease of corruption.

Analysis of teaching materials of civic education is characterized by the value of character in building an anti-corruption culture

In general, corruption is very harmful to society. One of the efforts in preventing corruption is by the culture of Anti-Corruption Education in the young generation through teaching materials in schools. The research method used is qualitative description. The sample in this research is 60 junior high school teachers of Citizenship Education in Surabaya. Data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive statistic with percentage technique. The result of this research is that it is very important that the value of the character of anti-corruption education in teaching materials to grow in the young generation.

GERAKAN NASIONAL PEMUDA BERKARAKTER DALAM PEMBANGUNAN MENTALITAS BUDAYA ANTI KORUPSI BERTINGKAT

The study was based on the background of the nation's problems are increasingly complex and fundamental, which is indicated by a weak cultural mentality that led to the character of the Indonesian nation in crisis, so the impact on the overall culture of corruption. This paper aims to discuss the development of anti-corruption culture mentality through national movement of youth character. Construction of this mentality is addressed to young people, because of the demographic bonus must be used to reconstruct the mindset of the character in accordance with the national identity. This movement is done through the education system that directly lead character on the basis of mental problems. This research method using descriptive qualitative approach. The data used is secondary data, namely the study of literature. Data analysis techniques in this study through three grooves of reduction, presentation, and verification of data. The results of this study is the relationship of weakness mentality of the Indonesian nation at the present time that need to improve fundamentally, as in the concept of an iceberg, namely the improvement of things that do not seem to fix the problems that appear to be systematically and comprehensively. The weakness can be overcome through character education, in an effort to establish an anti-corruption culture mentality.

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF COUNTERACTION OF CORRUPTION: CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Taking into account the results of recent researches of anticorruption practice in the world, the problem of counteraction to corruption remains to be relevant today. Therefore, analysis of the positive experience of those countries that have already achieved some success in the anticorruption practice, will optimize the modern system of anticorruption measures in other states. The purpose of this paper is criminological research of international experience in this sphere in certain countries: USA, England, Germany, Canada, the Netherlands, Singapore. The institute of prevention of the "conflict of interests" in the public service requires the special attention. There are special bodies in some countries, which control the situation to eliminate such conflict. The Nolan’s Committee regulates such “conflict of interests” in Great Britain. In the Netherlands there are internal security services in all organizations. They detect the blunders of officials. In Germany the official has to obtain the prior permission from the highest official authority for extra work. Besides the new job after the termination of official duties will be prohibited if it harms the interests of the service. Also in a modern anti-corruption activity it is worth taking into consideration the principle of rigid administrative legal control for the partnership of businesses in a political life of society. Such control concerns the period of election campaigns, as an effective method for example in Canada. The principle of non-partisan of the official activity was incorporated in the legislation of the most foreign countries. In the Model Code of Conduct for Public Officials determines that a public official should act in a politically neutral manner and should not attempt to interfere in the legal policy, decisions or actions of public authorities. So the foreign experience could be a basis in the formation of national Code of Official Conduct. At once it is necessary to introduce the state program of forming an anti-corruption culture of citizens for the ensuring the process of education the proper level of social culture of nationals.

POLITICAL CORRUPTION PREVENTION IN REGIONAL ELECTION AFTER THE DECISION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT NO. 33/PUU-XII/2014

Political dynasty in the regional election in Indonesia has been canceled by the Constitutional Court (MK). In fact, the political dynasty is considered as elements that undermine the promotion of democracy and anti-corruption culture in Indonesia. Moreover, in case of corruption, political dynasty has a very close relationship with corruption, or commonly known as political corruption. By law, a political dynasty can no longer be resisted. Therefore, what is needed is how to prevent or at least to minimize the political corruption committed by the incumbent. This paper is set in 3 sub-headings, namely (a) corruption in Regional Elections: (b). Political Corruption by Incumbent; and (c) Political Corruption Prevention. Based on the analysis performed, the incumbent has broad access in economic, social, and politics which can provide a personal benefit to him or win his group in the elections. Therefore, the prevention of political corruption can be focused on (1) the financial preparedness and the control of campaign funds; (2) the opening of a space for people to demand commitment, consistency of attitude, and integrity of the incumbent in the fight against political corruption; and (3) enforcement of the rules must be carried out firmly without compromise