Ananas Comosus Merr Research Articles

Predicting the Amount of Pineapple Production in Sumatra Using the Fletcher-Reeves Algorithm

Pineapple is a kind of organic product from the Bromeliaceae family which has the logical name Ananas comosus Merr. Pineapple plants have weathered skin and pointed leaves on top. The taste of new pineapple is a combination of sweet and slightly sharp. Pineapple is high in L-ascorbic acid, which helps cells fight damage, according to the Linus Pauling Organization at Oregon State College. L-ascorbic acid is also useful in managing medical conditions, such as heart disease and joint pain. However, due to the absence of consideration from the regions and local governments regarding pineapple on the island of Sumatra, it has caused several problems, especially data on pineapples related to the advantages, content, and uniqueness of pineapples to be used as pineapples. chaotic and diminishing pineapple production, especially on the island of Sumatra. Therefore, it is important to make a wish to know the assessed amount of Pineapple Organic Product Crop Creation on the island of Sumatra so that the public authorities on the island of Sumatra have endlessly clear references to decide on an approach or make major progress sothat the development of pineapple on the island of Sumatra does not diminish. The method used in making predictions is the FletcherReeves algorithm and is a method in ANN. In this study, the data used was the number of pineapple fruit plants on the island of Sumatra in 2012-2021 obtained from BPS. Given this information, organizational design models will not be fully defined, including 4-10-1, 4-15-1, 4-20-1, 4-25-1 and 4-30-1. Of these 5 models, then Training and Testing is done and the best architectural model result is 4-15-1 with the least (less) Performance/MSE test. With the lowest Performance/MSE level of 0.005488189 compared to the other 4 models.

First Report of Leaf Spot Disease of Pineapple Caused by Penicillium oxalicum.

Pineapple (Ananas comosusMerr.) is an economically important tropical fruit crop. In China, it is primarily distributed in tropical and subtropical southern regions, including Leizhou Peninsula (Guangdong province) and Hainan province. Other pineapple culturing areas also include Fujian, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Taiwan provinces.A pineapple leaf spot disease was observed in Leizhou Peninsula (N20°47'52″,E 110°5'7″) from July to August in 2019-2020, with a natural incidence of 10 to 15%. In the initial infection stage, grayish or yellowish white spots emerged on the leaf surfaces with dimensions 1.25-1.75 × 0.8-1.0 cm. The leaf spots also had distinctive light brown-to-reddish brown banding pattern on the edges. At the late stage of infection, the leaves with the spots withered and died, seriously affecting the plant growth. To isolate the pathogen, leaf pieces 5 mm in diameter were cut from the decaying edges. They were surface-sterilized with 75% ethanol solution for 30 s, washed with 0.1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 s, rinsed five times with sterile water, and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. After incubation at 28°C for 6 days, the pathogen was purified using single conidial isolation for morphological and molecular characterization. All 25 isolates showed similar phenotypes. The colonies on PDA were green, circular, flat, and velutinous. Conidiophores were broom-shaped (16.35±1.30 μm). Conidia were colorless, unicellular, and kidney shaped (3.50-4.00 × 2.50-3.00 μm). Based on the morphological characteristics, the fungal isolates were tentatively identified as Penicillium species. From each culture, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA and the partial β-tubulin genes of a representative isolate (ZN2019211) were amplified using ITS1/ITS4 and Bt2a/Bt2b primer pairs, respectively. The gene sequences were deposited in GenBank (accessions MT678576 for the ITS region and MT720907 for the Bt2 region) and were 100% identical to P. oxalicum Currie & Thom isolates (MN592913 for the ITS region; KX961250 for the Bt2 region). Based on their morphological and molecular characteristics, the isolates were determined to beP. oxalicum. Pathogenicity tests were conducted in three replicates by inoculating surface-sterilized leaves of pineapple. The leaves were wounded and inoculated with mycelium PDA plugs (10 × 10 mm) from 6-day-old cultures. Control leaves wounded in the same way were inoculated with sterilized PDA plugs (10 × 10 mm). Each of the three replicates comprised two whole plants and two leaves (including a control) per plant (Wu et al. 2016). The inoculated leaves were placed in a greenhouse (25 to 30°C). Six days post inoculation, symptoms similar to those observed in the field were observed on the inoculated leaves, but not on the controls; the same fungus was isolated both times from the infected leaves, confirming Koch's postulates. We also inoculated pineapple inflorescence and fruit, with or without injury, and observed that the pathogen could not cause pineapple fruit disease, but caused early senescence of the inflorescence after being dropped with 200 µl of a 104conidia/ml solution, although it did not affect subsequent flowering. P. oxalicum has been reported to cause blue mold disease in different plants (Paul et al. 2018; Liu et al. 2019; Tang et al. 2020; Picos-Munoz et al. 2011). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of pineapple leaf spot disease caused by P. oxalicumglobally,and the disease has become a potential threat to the growth and production of pineapple in China.

Total Lactic Acid Bacteria and Antibacterial Activity in Yoghurt with Addition of Ananas comosus Merr. and Cinnamomum burmannii

Background: Diarrhea disease is one of gastrointestinal disorders which is the second leading cause of death in children under five years. Food and beverage contamination is the biggest cause of diarrhea in developing countries. Nanas madu (Ananas comosus Merr.) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) have antibacterial properties that can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi causing diarrhea.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the total differences of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and antibacterial activity in yoghurt with the addition of nanas madu and cinnamon extract.Methods: This was an experimental study with various treatment in adding honey cream pineapple (0%, 20%, 40%, and 60%) and cinnamon extract (4% and 6%). Total LAB was calculated using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method and antibacterial activity was tested using Kirby Bauer method.Results: There was no significant difference in yoghurt with the addition of honey cream pineapple and cinnamon extract. Yoghurt with the highest LAB was yoghurt with addition 40% of honey cream pineapple and 6% of cinnamon extract (N40M2) with total LAB 1,43 x 1019 CFU/ml. The results of the antibacterial activity showed no significant difference of inhibition zone against S. typhi¸ while there was significant difference of inhibition zone against E. coli. The highest activity against S. typhi was yoghurt with addition 60% of honey cream pineapple and 4% of cinnamon extract (N60M1) resulting 6,81 mm inhibition zone and the highest activity against E. coli was N40M1 resulting 6,77 mm of inhibition zone. Conclusion: Total LAB yoghurt with the addition of nanas madu and cinnamon extract have met FAO and SNI standards with LAB minimum 107 CFU/ml. Antibacterial activity of all yoghurt treatment categorized as medium inhibition (5-10 mm).

Effect of Different Carrier Agents on Physicochemical Properties of Spray-dried Pineapple (Ananas comosus Merr.) Powder

Effect of Different Carrier Agents on Physicochemical Properties of Spray-dried Pineapple (Ananas comosus Merr.) Powder

Classification of Pineapple Fruit Comosus Merr (Nanas) Quality Using Learning Vector Quantization Method

The demands of publics for these fruits Ananas Comosus Merr (Pineapple) became higher years to years because of the fruit has so many virtues for human healthy and the taste of this fruit is sweet and fresh. Therefore the pineapple farmers have to protect the quality and quantity of this plant in order to get high produce. This research help the pineapple farmers to classify to quality of pineapple fruits by using neural network with Learning Vector Quantization method which has 2 classes, such as: First quality (1st) and Second quality (2nd) quality. This method has 2 process they are : training process and testing process. To input data in the training and testing process are using uniformity, characteristic of varieties, the rate of aging, hardness, size, stem, crown, manure, destroyer, spoilage, rotten and the total solid content of the least was taken by observed the crop of pineapple farmers in the Teluk Batil village Sungai Apit district Siak Riau province. Learning Vector Quantization method automatically will classify the pineapple into their class. The result of the testing classification has gotten the accuracy 65.56% for the first (1st) quality and 34.44% for the second (2nd) quality. At the second testing has gotten 66.67% the accuracy for the first (1st) quality and 33.33% for the second (2nd) quality. At the third (3rd) testing has gotten 64.44% the accuracy for first (1st) quality and 35.56% for the second (2nd) quality.

Determination of Survival Rates of Bacteria in Contaminated Fresh Fruit Juice Samples

Aims: To determine the survival rates of bacteria in contaminated fresh fruit juice samples Place and Duration of Study: Biosciences and Biotechnology Department, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria, between November, 2012 and May, 2013. Methodology: Freshly extracted juice samples were obtained from intact pineapple (Ananas comosus Merr.) and watermelon (Citrillus lanatus Thunb.) were pasteurized before being contaminated with Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Lactobacillus acidophilus. While the pH and the sugar contents were determined at interval after being contaminated with the bacterial strains, the contaminated juice samples were sampled for 150 min to determine colony forming unit per milliliter (cfu/ml) at different sampling time. Results: In pineapple juice, the log of concentration of E. coli was reduced from 6.452 at 0 min to 5.079 at 150min. In watermelon, the log of concentration of E. coli was reduced from 6.301 at 0min to 5.954 at 150min. While the log of concentration of L. acidophilus in pineapple juice was between 6.204 at 0 min and 6.262 at 150min, its log of concentration in watermelon juice ranged between 6.228 at 0 min and 6.291 at 150min. The pH was reduced to 2.9 and 3.7 by E. coli while L. acidophilus reduced the pH to 2.5 and 3.0 for pineapple and watermelon juices respectively. After 150min, the sugar contents of pineapple and watermelon juices decreased from 1.181 and 1.060mg/ml to 0.011 and 0.004mg/ml by the E. coli while L. acidophilus reduced the sugar contents to 0.003mg/ml for pineapple juice and 0.018mg/ml for watermelon juice. The reduction in the pH values of each of the fruit juices showed that the activities of each bacterial strain resulted in increase in the production of acid in the growth medium. Conclusion: The inability of coli form (E. coli) to survive in the fruit juices suggested that the fruit juices may not harbor and/or disseminate enteric pathogens if allowed to stay for a while before packaging.

Polymer‐based alternative method to extract bromelain from pineapple peel waste

Bromelain is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes present in all tissues of the pineapple (Ananas comosus Merr.), and it is known for its clinical therapeutic applications, food processing, and as a dietary supplement. The use of pineapple waste for bromelain extraction is interesting from both an environmental and a commercial point of view, because the protease has relevant clinical potential. We aimed to study the optimization of bromelain extraction from pineapple waste, using the aqueous two-phase system formed by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly(acrylic acid). In this work, bromelain partitioned preferentially to the top/PEG-rich phase and, in the best condition, achieved a yield of 335.27% with a purification factor of 25.78. The statistical analysis showed that all variables analyzed were significant to the process.

Structural studies of an acidic polysaccharide isolated from the leaf fibre of pineapple (Ananas comosus MERR.)

Pineapple-fibre holocellulose was extracted with alkaline solutions of increasing concentration to give hemicellulose fractions I–III. Purified fraction I (major component) contained d-xylose, l-arabinose, and 4-O-methyl-d-glucuronic acid in the molar proportions 10:0.6:1, and an average of ∼116 sugar residues, whereas its methylated product contained ∼94 sugar residues. Structural studies of the hemicellulose and its arabinose-free portion showed it to be a (1→4)-linked β-d-xylan with approximately every tenth residue carrying a 4-O-methyl-α-d-glucopyranosyluronic acid group at O-2 and every sixteenth residue carrying an l-arabinofuranosyl group at O-3.

Induction of Foliar Buds by Morphactin Treatment of Flower:Bud of Pineapple (Ananas comosus MERR.)

n order to improve the efficiency of the asexual reproduction of pineapple plant (Ananas coleaosus MERR.), morphactins, known as plant regulator-like chemicals, were applied to the flower bud. Prior to the morphactin application, the apices of plant materials were pre-treated with ethrel to enforce the synchronous induction of compound flower buds. The flower buds thus induced were subsequently treated with various concentrations of morphactin solution, at different developmental stages, and different replications of treatment. Following the morphactin treatments, a number of foliar buds was developed from the fruitlets of a syncarp. This foliar bud development is not observed in natural pineapple plant and also had not been reported in the other plants treatecl with morphactin. These foliar buds were tentatively called "buds-from-fruit" in the present paper. When morphactin at concentrations of 80 and 100ppm was applied to the mater.ials in 6 to 12 days after ethrel pre-treatment, more than 80% of the plants produced "buds-from-fruit", and the average number of "buds-from-fruit" of single plant, i. e. single syncarp, obtained langed between 8.8 to 15.7 The maximum number of "buds from-fruit" obtained on a syncarp was 32. There was a certain stage in the development of the flower bud which was found to be critical as regards the effect of morphactin activity. This stage preceded the differentiation of the syncarp into flower primordium. In addition, morphactin treatrnent also gave rise to an increase in the number of natural foliar buds such as slips and suckers, a retardation in the emergence of the compound flower bud, and a tendency for the apical leaves of the treated plant to roll up which is a typical function of morphactin activity.

OPTIMUM CONDITION OF BIOETANOL PRODUCTION VIA ACIDIC HYDROLYSIS FROM PINEAPLE (Ananas comosus Merr.) PEEL WASTE IN KUALU VILLAGE-KAMPAR

Bioethanol is an alternative and potential fuel derived from plants, which has the ability to reduce CO2 emissions. It contains sugar that can be utilized and processed into bioethanol. This study aims to produce bioethanol from pineapple peel (Ananas comosus Merr.) through acidic hydrolysis and fermentation process using Sacharomyces cereviceae. This research was expected to know the optimum condition of S. Cereviceae mass and the time of fermentation on the conversion of pineapple peel into bioethanol towards amount and content of ethanol produced. The hydrolysis was using sulfuric acid (H2SO4), fermented with variations yeast 20, 40 and 60 gram and 2, 4 and 6 days of time variations. The resulting bioethanol was purified using a distillation process, then analyzed by gas chromatography. The results showed that optimum ethanol content was obtain in yeasts 20 and 40 grams and 2 days of fermentation. The resulting ethanol content was 26.3% and 24.6%.