ABSTRACT To combat global mineral deficiencies, developing nutrient-dense crops like cowpea is essential. This study evaluates the impact of an iron nano-fertilizer (Fe3O4, 2 kg ha−1) on 12 cowpea lines (C1-C12) and the 'Mashhad' variety in four Iranian regions. Results revealed significant variation in genotypic responses to fertilizer across environments. Iron nano-fertilizer increased protein and iron content by 5.5% and 14%, respectively, in the Khomein region, where baseline accumulation was lowest. Genotypes C4 and C3 had the highest (1297 kg ha−1) and lowest (834 kg ha−1) yield, respectively, in conditions without iron application, while the best genotypes in conditions of iron application were genotypes C1 and C11 (1404 kg ha−1). Cluster analysis of the data under both conditions – with and without iron nano-fertilizer – classified the genotypes into two distinct groups. For fresh consumption, based on nitrogen and iron contents, the appropriate time to harvest the pods is in the middle of the seed filling duration. Overall, iron nano-fertilizer improved protein, iron, and nutritional value across genotypes. Further studies should determine its absorption, effects, and underlying mechanisms in different genotypes and locations to develop optimal applications for superior cowpea lines.

Research has highlighted the important role that communities of kink play in the social and sexual lives of kinksters. Existing literature has not examined the experience of community for rural and remote-living kink-identified individuals, where access to communities, networks of playmates, and spaces for kink may be limited by virtue of social and geographic isolation. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of community among self-identified cisgender gay men who engage in fist-fucking and live in rural areas. A qualitative study was conducted with a multi-national sample of 40 fist-fuckers, each of whom participated in an online semi-structured individual interview. Guided by a interpretative phenomenological analysis of the data, six themes were developed: (1) the experience of isolation in the formative journey of self-discovery; (2) geographic, logistical, and financial burdens in accessing community; (3) feelings of (dis)connection from the community and the struggle for kink identity; (4) the absence of community networks and resources in supporting healthcare needs; (5) the opportunities and challenges of online communities and connections; and (6) the lack of communal spaces and local networks of partners in fostering sexual satisfaction. The findings revealed that participants shared lived experiences of personal isolation, sexual frustration, and social exclusion from urban-based fisting communities. For some fist-fuckers, their rural-living circumstances produced not only social and sexual dislocations from their communities but, also, a disconnectedness from their kink identity. For others, the remoteness of their living contexts forged new modes of online community building, strategies for sexual and erotic resilience, and experiences of community.

ABSTRACTBackgroundPeople living with neurological conditions have needs that require an integrated care approach. Existing models of integrated care have often emphasized system structures but neglected the micro‐level interactions that matter most to people.ObjectivesTo develop a micro‐level model for integrated care that represents the care components most valued by people affected by Huntington's disease (HD).MethodsA mixed methods study with a co‐designed approach was delivered through three phases. This paper reports on the latest two, where interviews and workshops were conducted with people with lived experience of HD and professionals, from January to October 2024. Patient and public contributors were involved from project design to data interpretation.ResultsThree themes were identified that position integrated care from the perspective of those affected by HD, representing these as the EC4Neuro model. Theme 1 identified the core components of micro‐level integrated care: expert knowledge, person‐ and family‐centred care, care coordination and continuity of care. Theme 2 underlined access inequities. Theme 3 highlighted people's responsibility to manage care without true agency to do so. The workshops prioritized strategies that enhance relational continuity between service users and providers. A tiered strategy was undertaken to support decision‐making towards improving person‐centred outcomes.ConclusionsEC4Neuro is the first integrated care model developed in HD. Its co‐designed approach with end users successfully embedded people's perspective to guide what needs to be achieved at the micro‐level. The EC4Neuro model offers prospective replication opportunities, particularly for stakeholders concerned with reducing access inequities and supporting relational continuity.Patient or Public ContributionA group of 25 experts by lived experience of HD and other neurological disorders, co‐designed this research project, working with the researchers from conception of the studies to analysis and interpretation of the data.

Following the publication of the above paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that the '50 µg/ml ELE' and '100 µg/ml ELE' data panels shown in Fig. 6A were apparently identical, suggesting that the same data panel had been inserted twice into this figure to show the results from differently performed experiments. Moreover, data featured in the microscopic images in Fig. 2 overlapped with images in a paper that had been published by the same research group in 2013 in the journal PLoS One, where the treatment represented was different (treatment with TGF‑β1). Upon performing an independent analysis of the data in the Editorial Office, it also came to light that one of the same microscopic images was strikingly similar to a data panel featured in Fig. 4 in another article written by different authors at different research institutes that was published subsequently in the journal Scientific Reports, albeit the image was featured in colour in that publication, whereas it had appeared in greyscale in the above paper. Given the nature of the contentious issues repported above, the Editor of Oncology Reports has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal on account of a lack of confidence in the presented data. The authors were asked for an explanation to account for these concerns, but the Editorial Office did not receive a reply. The Editor apologizes to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [Oncology Reports 30: 745‑750, 2013; DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2519].

Gut microbiota analysis revealed unique biomarkers in Ankylosing Spondylitis and Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that, for the transfection experiments shown in Fig. 3 on p. 760, two pairs of data panels showed a surprisingly high level of similarity, such that the data appeared to have been derived from the same original sources where the results from differently performed experiments were intended to have been shown. The authors responded to the reader's concern by providing replacement data for Fig. 3; however, upon performing an independent analysis of the data in this paper in the Editorial Office, it was also noted that western blot data were overlapping in Fig. 4, and for the cell invasion assay experiments shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 5A and B were also found to contain overlapping data, albeit the level of brightness of the images differed. Owing to the large number of duplications of data, and other potential anomalies, that were identified in this paper, the Editor of International Journal of Oncology has decided that it should be retracted from the Journal on account of a lack of confidence in the presented data. The authors were asked for an explanation to account for these additional concerns, but the Editorial Office did not receive a reply. The Editor apologizes to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [International Journal of Oncology 46: 757-763, 2015; DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2748].

The role of technology in teaching and learning activities is indispensable now-a-day. Both the students and teachers are using the technology driven tools at every stage of learning and teaching, though there are few challenges both in the first place of access and secondly the use of technology, both the students and the teachers must use it to ensure they are becoming a progressive part of community both for themselves and society. The application of technology is benefitted by individual streams of education like Arts, Healthcare, and Mathematics. The education industry has already embraced the change, and more than half of the user population is already using the laptops. Internet is the basic requirement for the use of technology and many educators and students are eagerly trying to learn and adapt to the changes. The present study is empirical in nature. The data were collected from 170 respondents and mean and t-test were applied to do the analysis of the data. It was found that technology has a great role in making the teaching learning process effective.

Several tuberculosis (TB) vaccines intended for adults and adolescents are in late-stage clinical trials, but there is limited research into how a new TB vaccine would be introduced. South Africa is at the forefront of TB vaccine research, with involvement in the clinical trials of leading candidates. We sought to understand what the priorities and implementation approach of a potential new TB vaccine in South Africa would be. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 stakeholders with different expertise during April and May 2025. Deductive analysis was used to develop a coding framework for thematic content analysis of the data. Stakeholders supported introducing a new TB vaccine in South Africa due to the high disease burden, but feasibility of the roll out was said to depend on vaccine price, cost-effectiveness, efficacy, regulatory approval, and implementation logistics. Efficacy below 50% could raise concerns unless supported by robust modelling demonstrating significant public health impact and cost-effectiveness. Stakeholders preferred a cheaper vaccine course to enable a broad population-based introduction. Priority populations for vaccination included adolescents and adults for a broad population approach, and high-risk groups such as, people living with HIV, healthcare workers and TB household contacts. Whilst a national broad population-based approach was preferred, constraints may result in a phased introduction in high-burden areas and/or targeted vaccination to high-risk groups first. Strong advocacy, detailed cost effectiveness assessments, regulatory alignment, and integrated service delivery were seen as essential to successful implementation. With the introduction of a new TB vaccine potentially as early as 2030, this study provides valuable insights, particularly regarding target populations, that can be utilised for the implementation of a new TB vaccine in South Africa to ensure a successful introduction. Further research is required on vaccine acceptability, TB infection prevalence and modelling to estimate cost effectiveness and budget impact.

The objective of the study was to identify the features of seasonal and inter‐annual dynamics of avian influenza virus (AIV) infection in wild duck populations in the north of the Kulunda Plain during migrations. Biological samples were collected from April to November 2015–2024. from 15 species of wild ducks. To isolate influenza A virus isolates from cloacal smears, cultivation on developing chicken embryos was used in three consecutive passages, following a standard procedure. Cloacal smears were collected from 3,733 individuals of the Anatidae family. 163 A AIV VP isolates were isolated from samples taken in autumn, while 2 isolates were isolated in spring. The analysis of the data showed inter‐annual fluctuations in the infection rate of AIV from 1 to 10 % in different years. Varying seasonal and inter‐annual dynamics of wild duck infection were determined in the study area and it can be assumed that this is caused by the specific characteristics of the carriers and environmental conditions.

For long-term longevity and proper function, endodontically treated teeth must be restored appropriately. Fiber posts luted with dual-cure resin cement are frequently used because of their improved biomechanical and adhesive properties. However, achieving a strong binding between the fiber post and root canal dentin is difficult due to the physical constraints of the root canal and the presence of a smear layer. Bond strength may be increased by post space irrigation with solutions, such as 5% calcium hypochlorite, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and saline, that have been activated using sonic or ultrasonic techniques. This study compares the effects of several activation techniques on the push-out bond strength of fiber posts luted with dual-cure resin cement. This study aims to evaluate how the push-out bond strength of dual-cure resin-cemented fiber posts in excised human mandibular single-rooted premolars is affected by the sonic and ultrasonic activation of 3 post space irrigants: 5% calcium hypochlorite, 17% EDTA, and saline. A total of 120 single-rooted mandibular premolars will be used in this in vitro investigation. A standardized procedure will be used to decoronate, instrument, and obturate the teeth. One of the 3 solutions, activated either sonically or ultrasonically, will be used to prepare and irrigate post spaces. Dual-cure resin cement will then be used to lute the fiber posts. Using a universal testing machine, push-out bond strength will be measured. The Tukey post hoc test and ANOVA will be used for statistical analysis of the data. Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the institutional ethics committee of Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research. The study is self-funded. Sample collection of extracted human mandibular premolars began in June 2025, and 68 specimens have been collected as of submission. Specimen preparation is ongoing, with data collection projected to be completed by October 2025. Data analysis is scheduled for November 2025, and results are expected to be published in early 2026. It is anticipated that irrigant type and activation method will influence push-out bond strength, with 17% EDTA and 5% calcium hypochlorite, particularly under ultrasonic activation, potentially yielding higher values than saline. On the basis of previous literature, we expect that EDTA and calcium hypochlorite with ultrasonic activation may exhibit higher push-out bond strength. DERR1-10.2196/76907.

Many business settings involve fluid teams, where team members come together to work on a project, after which the team is disbanded. It is well-known that coordination can be challenging and affect the performance outcomes of fluid teams. The literature has studied how several facets of experience can facilitate learning and improve outcomes for fluid teams. However, the role of experience with success and failure and its effect on improving outcomes for fluid teams has remained unexplored. In this study, we use data from the motion picture industry to examine how the experience with success and failure resident within key members of a movie production team affects profitability. Our analysis of the data for 2,091 movies released in the United States between 1999 and 2018 reveals that a movie’s profitability depends on the production team’s history with success and failure. Additionally, we find that teams with a history of success result in movies with higher profits, whereas teams with a history of failure result in movies with lower profits. We also find that increased relative dispersion in the team’s experience does not affect the movie’s profitability. Further analysis of the composition of movie teams indicates that financial performance can be significantly impacted when movie teams are predominantly composed of members with a history of success or failure. We contribute by illustrating a new measure of team experience relevant for fluid teams and by providing insights on how to compose teams based on members’ experience with success and failure. This paper was accepted by Elena Katok, operations management. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.03756 .

ABSTRACT Investigating silence in the language classroom helps expand our interpretation of silence in different educational contexts. This study examined teachers’ views on the functions of both teachers’ and students’ silence in EFL classroom in an Iranian University setting. Adopting ethnography, data were collected from 14 teachers through diaries, narratives, interviews, and observations. The triangulated analysis of the data highlighted teachers’ positive views on silence, their awareness of the multidimensional nature of silence, and their understanding of its important role in assisting teachers with class objectives. A total of 33 functions emerged, which were grouped under three categories of Aesthetic Fillers (functions promoting harmony and creating a relaxing environment), Floor Consigners (functions facilitating communication and interaction), and Pedagogic Conditioners (functions assisting teachers with their pedagogic aims and professional objectives). The results support recent research that challenges traditional views of perceiving silence as a problem in the language classroom.

The present study aims to analyse how profitability and liquidity influence stock prices, with dividend policy serving as an intervening variable, within the food and beverage sector. The research population comprises 96 food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2022–2024 period. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select 25 companies based on specific predetermined criteria. The present study is supported by secondary data sourced from companies' financial statements and annual reports, which were accessed through the official Indonesia Stock Exchange website (www.idx.co.id). The analysis of the data was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method, with statistical processing performed in SmartPLS version 4.1. The findings indicate that profitability exerts a substantial influence on dividend policy, whereas liquidity is inconsequential. Furthermore, profitability exerts a substantial influence on stock prices, whereas liquidity shows no statistically significant impact. The study's findings demonstrate that dividend policy does not exert a substantial influence on stock prices and does not serve as an intermediary in the relationship between profitability and liquidity.

BackgroundInconsistencies exist in the literature regarding the associations among age at menarche (AAM), prepregnancy menstrual characteristics, and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). These discrepancies may be attributable to variations in population demographics. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of prepregnancy menstrual characteristics and AAM on the likelihood of developing GDM among Chinese women.MethodsA 1:1 age‐matched case–control study was conducted that included 2289 patients with GDM and 2289 normoglycemic pregnant women as controls at Wuhan Union Hospital from September 2020 to August 2022. Fasting blood samples were collected during 24–28 weeks of gestation. AAM and menstrual cycle characteristics were categorized and incorporated into a conditional logistic regression model that was adjusted for potential confounders. Additionally, restricted cubic spline curves were employed to assess the trend in GDM risk associated with AAM.ResultsThe final analysis included 4578 participants. The AAM in the GDM group presented significantly earlier than that in the normoglycemic group (p < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, we found that women with an AAM of 12 years (aOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.25–1.67) or 14 years (aOR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.15–1.61) had a significantly higher risk of developing GDM compared with those with an AAM of 13 years. Furthermore, analysis of the data by means of restricted cubic splines revealed an L‐shaped association that linked AAM to GDM (p < 0.001). The association between prolonged and irregular menstrual cycles and GDM risk remained statistically significant, albeit attenuated, after multivariable adjustment. Irregular menstrual cycles (classified as “usually irregular” or “always irregular”) were significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM, with aORs of 2.36 (95% CI: 1.47–3.79) and 2.40 (95% CI: 1.01–5.71), respectively. Moreover, menstrual cycle durations of 32–39 days or more than 50 days were significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM (aORs: 1.20 and 1.37; 95% CIs: 1.10–1.41 and 1.03–1.83, respectively).ConclusionEarly AAM, irregular menstrual cycles, and prolonged menstrual cycle length were associated with an increased risk of GDM. Among women with menarche occurring before the age of 13, there was an association with a higher risk of GDM. These indicators may help identify women at high risk and facilitate preconception interventions to prevent GDM.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2200063189

Women's experiences of massage during childbearing: A Swedish qualitative interview study.

Humans and other primates can robustly report whether they have seen specific images before, even when those images are extremely similar to ones they have previously seen. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that pattern separation computations in the hippocampus (HC) contribute to this behavior by shaping the fidelity of visual memory. However, unclear is whether HC uniquely determines memory fidelity or whether computations in other brain areas also contribute. To investigate, we recorded neural signals from inferotemporal cortex (ITC) and HC of two rhesus monkeys (1 male, 1 female) as they performed a memory task in which they judged whether images were novel or exactly repeated in the presence of visually similar lure images with a range of visual similarities. We found behavioral evidence for sharpening, reflected as memory performance that was nonlinearly transformed relative to a benchmark defined by visual representations in ITC. As expected, we found that behavioral sharpening aligned with visual memory representations in HC. Surprisingly, and unaccounted for by HC pattern separation proposals, we also found neural correlates of behavioral sharpening reflected in ITC. These results, coupled with further analysis of the data, suggest that ITC contributes to shaping the fidelity of visual memory in the transformation from visual processing to memory storage and signaling.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of Emergency Department nurses working during the first phase of the COVD19 pandemic. Background: The impact of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic to the national health care system was unexpected and devastating in many ways. Emergency Department nurses were overwhelmed with very little time to process this situation. Guidelines kept changing for dealing with this pandemic. Registered nurses working in the Emergency Department, as first responders, were called upon to make decisions for which they were not prepared. Methods: A purposive sample of 15 registered nurses working in the Emergency Department during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic were recruited using snowball technique. Data collection was conducted using unstructured interviews. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method which guided this study. Results: Analysis of the data revealed six essential themes: uncertainty and fear; overwhelmed and fatigued; stoicism and resilience; teamwork, ethical dilemma, and spirituality. These themes highlighted the failures in policy to address the health and well-being of Emergency Department nurses as they respond to public health disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic Conclusion: Emergency department nurses were affected physically, emotionally and professionally by the pandemic. Looking at the beginning of the pandemic, effective strategies for future crises should be developed so that nurses do not succumb to the stresses that Emergency Department nurses were confronted during this crisis.

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the image of Russia in the History of Spanish Traditionalism (30 volumes), the most relevant work created within the framework of the traditionalist historiography of Spanish Carlism. The History of Spanish Traditionalism was written by a team of authors led by Melchor Ferrer and published in 1941–1979. The article examines the main trends in the portrayal of Russia in Spanish culture in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Such methods as critical discourse analysis, contextual analysis, and linguistic-political interpretation of the data obtained are helpful in analyzing references to Russia in the History of Spanish Traditionalism. In addition, it is worth exploring cases where authors abstain from discussing the possible influence of Russia on Carlism. The article shows how the authors first tried to minimize the mentions of the influence of Russia on the Carlists in the first three volumes, published in 1941–1942. This can be attributed to the international situation in Europe at the time when the work was published. In subsequent volumes the authors positively assess Russia’s policy towards the Carlist movement. M. Ferrer and his co-authors consider Alexander I as the ideological predecessor of the Carlists, and Nicholas I as a monarch who consistently supported the Carlist movement. The History of Spanish Traditionalism cites rumors discussed in the Carlist press in the mid-19th century about a possible Russian intervention in Spain to restore the «legitimate» king or about a project to transfer the Pope’s residence from Rome to St. Petersburg. Although the authors of The History of Spanish Traditionalism generally have a positive attitude towards the policy of the Russian Empire, at the same time they sympathize with the struggle of Poland for independence. Furthermore, the authors also criticize the revolution of 1917 and the policy of the USSR in Spain in the 1930s

BackgroundBone metastasis is the most common site of distant metastasis in breast cancer. Patients with bone metastasis have their quality of life and survival rate threatened. This study aims to develop a practical nomogram for predicting the risk of bone metastasis in breast cancer by integrating clinical data, assisting doctors in making more scientific clinical decisions.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of the data of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients from the database of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2015 to December 2017. The cohort is divided into training set and validation set in a ratio of 7.5:2.5. Determine independent risk factors through Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis and logistic regression, and develop a nomogram prediction model. The model's performance and clinical utility were evaluated by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Area Under the Curve (AUC), calibration curves, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA).ResultsDuring the 5-year follow-up period, bone metastases developed in 48 of 421 patients (11.40%). Ultimately, six independent risk factors were identified: neoadjuvant chemotherapy, family history of cancer, distant metastasis in other locations, axillary lymph node metastasis, marital status, and primary tumor site. The nomogram demonstrated excellent predictive performance, with AUC values of 0.89 and 0.86 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively.ConclusionsThis pioneering nomogram, incorporating baseline, tumor characteristics, and therapeutic parameters, provides visual guidance for breast surgeons to assess bone metastasis risk in breast cancer patients. It enables clinicians to prioritize high-risk patients through early identification, thereby optimizing surveillance protocols and therapeutic strategies to safeguard patients' quality of life.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the anxiety levels of teachers in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). By focusing on teachers as a professional group, this research sought to evaluate the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic from a unique perspective. Design/Methodology/Approach: In the 2019-2020 academic year, 101 (Female = 69, 68.3%; Male = 32, 31.7%) primary school teachers working in public schools affiliated to the TRNC Ministry of National Education participated in the study. Beck Anxiety scale developed by Beck et al. (1988) was used in the study. The anxiety levels of the participants were divided into two groups as normal-mild anxiety (0-15) and moderate-severe anxiety (16-63) according to their responses to the scale. A high score on the scale indicates a high level of anxiety. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics were used to describe continuous variables and chi-square was used to examine the relationships between categorical variables. Findings: Although not statistically significant (p&gt;0.05), the anxiety levels of the participants (n=83, 82.2%) were found to be in the normal-mild range. In terms of variables; female (X̄=,46), single (X̄=,59), classroom teacher (X̄=,46), bachelor's degree graduate (X̄=,51) and 0-5 years of service (X̄=,67) had higher anxiety levels. Highlights: The fact that the anxiety levels of the participants in the Covid-19 process were in the normal to mild range can be considered as a positive situation in terms of psychological public health.