Analysis Of Energy Consumption Research Articles

Analysis of thermal comfort, energy consumption, and CO2 reduction of indoor space according to the type of local heating under winter rest conditions

Analysis of thermal comfort, energy consumption, and CO2 reduction of indoor space according to the type of local heating under winter rest conditions

Feasibility study of dynamic thermal-modeling development using measurement and validation: Case study of indoor fish farm

Since energy consumption in buildings relies primarily on their purpose as opposed to the type of occupants, relatively high energy is also consumed in the indoor fish farms where people do not live. In particular, energy consumption of indoor fish farms has been increasing for the high productivity and economic efficiency. Therefore, a feasibility study of dynamic thermal modeling development for indoor fish farms is critical to analyze energy consumption. In this study, an indoor fish farm thermal model was developed, and the feasibility of the model was analyzed using onsite indoor temperature, relative humidity, and water temperature data. Further, the major sensitive variables in model development and their effects were investigated. The errors between measured and predicted results obtained using the developed thermal model were within hourly acceptable limits, which means the developed thermal model was valid. The activity factor (AF) and air change per hour (ACH), which are the major sensitive variables, significantly affected thermal performance such as evaporation loss, indoor temperature, relative humidity and water temperature. The average indoor relative humidity increased by approximately 16% when AF increased from 0 to 2. The average evaporation loss of the fish farm increased by 20.9 kW to 49 kW when ACH was 10. Therefore, similar to an indoor fish farm, the effects of aeration, opening/closing of windows and doors must be considered for simulations during energy-model development and future improvements. The results suggest that the proposed thermal model for indoor fish farms can be used to develop an energy model and expanded to various fields for predicting energy consumption and optimal control.

Comparison of energy consumption and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption according to Taekwondo Taegeuk Poomsae performance in Taekwondo players.

We compared and analyzed energy consumption and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) following Taekwondo Taegeuk Poomsae performances. Forty-two healthy men who could perform Taegeuk Poomsae 1-8 Jangs were enrolled in this study. To reduce the impact of Poomsae, a random cross-design was used. The washout time was set to at least three days. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was monitored after performing each Poomsae until a reference line was resumed. Each Taegeuk Poomsae was performed at a speed of 60 bpm. There was no significant difference in VO2, carbon dioxide excretion, and heart rate after performing the Taegeuk Poomsae once; however, all variables increased significantly in combined results of EPOC metabolism (F<45.646, p<0.001, and ɳ2<0.527). Taegeuk 8 Jang had the highest levels of all the factors. There were noticeable variations in the oxidation of fat and carbohydrates throughout the Taegeuk Poomsae (F<9.250, p<0.001, ɳ2<0.184). Taegeuk 8 Jang demonstrated the greatest rate of carbohydrate oxidation, and 4-8 Jangs demonstrated much greater rates of fatty acid oxidation. Compared to 1 Jang, the energy consumption showed significant differences in all the variables and peaked in Taegeuk 8 Jang. The energy consumption during the Poomsae performances was the same. When the EPOC metabolism was coupled, it was evident that more energy was substantially used in each chapter of Poomsae. Consequently, it was determined that when performing Poomsae, not only should energy metabolism during exercise be taken into account but also EPOC metabolism, which can increase by 10-fold.

Microwave assisted and conventional hydrothermal treatment of waste seaweed: Comparison of hydrochar properties and energy efficiency

Waste seaweed is a valuable source for converting into value-added carbon materials. In this study, the production of hydrochar from waste seaweed was optimized for hydrothermal carbonization in a microwave process. The produced hydrochar was compared with hydrochar synthesized by the regular process using a conventional heating oven. The results show that hydrochar produced with a holding time of 1 h by microwave heating has similar properties to the hydrochar produced in a conventionally heated oven for 4 h (200 °C and water/biomass ratio 5): carbon mass fraction (52.4 ± 3.9 %), methylene blue adsorption capacity (40.2 ± 0.2 mg g−1) and similar observations on surface functional groups and thermal stability were made between hydrochars produced by both methods. The analysis of energy consumption showed microwave assisted carbonization consume higher energy in compare to conventional oven.The present results suggest that hydrochar made from waste seaweed and using the microwave technique could be an energy-saving technology for producing hydrochar with similar specifications to hydrochar produced by conventional heating methods.

Energy consumption analysis of the granular run-out process: effect of particle shape and slope angle

Energy consumption analysis of the granular run-out process: effect of particle shape and slope angle

Experimental studies of reciprocating liquid immersion cooling for 18650 lithium-ion battery under fast charging conditions

In this study, the reciprocating liquid immersion cooling has been proposed and tested for cooling the cylindrical lithium-ion battery (LIB) under fast charging conditions. First, the temperature responses of LIB under fast charging conditions with liquid immersion cooling and natural convection are compared. Experimental results show that the reciprocating liquid immersion cooling possesses better heat dissipation performance than natural convection, not only can precisely control the cell temperature to around 50 °C during fast charging, but also can improve the cell temperature uniformity. Meanwhile, the reciprocating system enables rapid cooling of the battery during the resting process, which consequently achieves asymmetric control of high-temperature charging and room temperature discharging. Then, the effects of different charging rates and different charging protocols are explored, and the high-speed photography is used to observe and record the liquid-gas phase transition phenomenon under three different charging rates. Finally, the temperature response and energy consumption analysis of LIB in the fast-charging process with three different assembly schemes are investigated. This study provides preliminary proof for the advantage of applying liquid immersion cooling for LIB under fast charging.

DiffNILM: A Novel Framework for Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring Based on the Conditional Diffusion Model.

Non-intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is a critical technology that enables detailed analysis of household energy consumption without requiring individual metering of every appliance, and has the capability to provide valuable insights into energy usage behavior, facilitate energy conservation, and optimize load management. Currently, deep learning models have been widely adopted as state-of-the-art approaches for NILM. In this study, we introduce DiffNILM, a novel energy disaggregation framework that utilizes diffusion probabilistic models to distinguish power consumption patterns of individual appliances from aggregated power. Starting from a random Gaussian noise, the target waveform is iteratively reconstructed via a sampler conditioned on the total active power and encoded temporal features. The proposed method is evaluated on two public datasets, REDD and UKDALE. The results demonstrated that DiffNILM outperforms baseline models on several key metrics on both datasets and shows a remarkable ability to effectively recreate complex load signatures. The study highlights the potential of diffusion models to advance the field of NILM and presents a promising approach for future energy disaggregation research.

State of Charge Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery Using Energy Consumption Analysis

State of Charge Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery Using Energy Consumption Analysis

Analysis of Urbanization and Energy Consumption Using Time Series Data: Evidence from the SAARC Countries

Urbanization has posed some tremendous challenges which are related to environmental stresses through increased energy consumption. These challenges have drawn attention to the need to implement urbanization with sustainable energy consumption globally. The present study aims to identify the urbanizing factors that cause energy consumption in the SAARC countries. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation is considered in the study during the period of 1975-2014. The data are analyzed by using simple statistics and econometric techniques, such as the ordinary least squares (OLS) method for the country level. The study has found that all urbanizing variables significantly affect energy consumption with different levels in different countries, as shown by the OLS method. The coefficient of GDP is statistically significant at 1% level of significance for Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, while at 5% and 10% levels for India and Nepal, respectively. The coefficient of the industrial sector share in GDP is statistically significant at 1% level of significance for Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan. The result shows that a 1% increase in the service sector’s share in GDP leads to a reduction in energy consumption of 0.15%, 0.34% and 1.61%, respectively, in Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka. The result for urban population indicates that a 1% increase in urban population leads to an increase in energy consumption by 1.94%, 2.32%, 0.85% and 3.87%, respectively, for Bangladesh. India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Green technology and energy efficiency technologies to use in the industries, encourage using public transportation, sustainable energy and urbanization are potential policy recommendations.

Energy-saving heat pump-assisted extractive-azeotropic dividing wall column with heat exchanger network for separating acetonitrile and water: A techno-economic and inherent safety investigation

In the present paper, a new extractive-azeotropic dividing wall column configuration is designed to recover acetonitrile from wastewater instead of the conventional two-column process. Although the performance of energetic and economic savings is enhanced in the dividing wall column, it is still characterised by high energy consumption. To this end, a methodical framework for designing energy-efficient intensified dividing wall columns is developed to gradually reduce the need for utilities. Results indicate that the reboilers of the extractive-azeotropic dividing wall column can be entirely replaced by the applications of vapour recompressed heat pump and heat exchanger network, which comprehensively improves the energy-saving performance. A multi-criteria evaluation of process sustainability, including energy consumption, total cost, environmental performance, energy efficiency, and inherent safety analysis, is performed among the designs. Results show that the heat-integrated extractive-azeotropic dividing wall column process is inherently safer than the conventional two-column process and reduces at most 51.95%, 89.96%, and 63.58% in total annual cost, CO2 emissions, and total energy consumption, respectively.

Proposal of retrofit of historic buildings as cafes in Korea: Recycling biomaterials to improve building energy and acoustic performance

While the preservation of historic buildings is important, they must remain usable. The comfort of occupants using the historic building must be considered due to the change of use. In this study, a 100-year-old building in Korea, protected as a cultural heritage site, is retrofitted. Buildings currently in continuous use as cafes require improvement of low building performance due to aging materials. The energy performance and sound environment of the target building were improved by recycling café generated coffee waste. Recycled coffee waste uses a phase change material, increasing its latent heat. DesignBuilder simulation, a building energy performance analysis software, analyzed energy consumption and room temperature before and after retrofit. C10 containing 10% of the phase change material of coffee waste board showed high efficiency, saving heating energy after retrofit. After retrofit according to the material sound absorption coefficient, ODEON simulation confirmed improvement of the indoor sound environment. The measured sound pressure level was 73.95 and 75.15 dB in the 500 and 1,000 Hz frequency bands, respectively; however, after implementing improvements, the sound pressure level decreased by up to 7.39%. Reverberation time was observed as high as 1.47 s and 1.83 s for the 500 and 1000 Hz frequency bands, respectively, and decreased by up to 66.67%. Therefore, application of coffee waste board to the retrofit of historic buildings is effective in improving indoor environment.

Impact of force application point in two-mass oscillation system on its energy efficiency

Introduction. The goal is to perform a comparative analysis of energy consumption during the operation of a resonant two–mass mechanical system, depending on the point of application of the driving force to the first or second mass. The object of research is an oscillatory system of a vibrating machine consisting of two masses interconnected by elastic and dissipative elements. In addition, the first mass is connected to a fixed base through elastic and dissipative elements.Materials and methods. The research uses the main provisions of theoretical mechanics, mathematical modeling and simulation experiment in the Matlab-Simulink environment.Results. According to the results of research on a mathematical model of a two-mass oscillatory system with a point of application of the driving force to the first mass, it was found that with a driving force of 10 kN and a frequency of 80 rad/s, the amplitude of the oscillations of the first mass is 0,6 mm, and the second is 1,8 mm, while the amplitude gain is 3,94. To achieve the specified driving force, a directional debalance exciter with a mass of 10 kg of debalances must have an eccentricity of 0,16 m, and the power required to drive the oscillation exciter is 21,2 kW. In the case of applying a driving force to the second mass, it is possible to achieve the same amplitude of oscillations of the first mass (0,6 mm) with a driving force of 5 kN, an eccentricity of 0,078 m and a drive power of 4,9 kW, while the amplitude gain is 8,44.Originality. Thus, due to the dynamic properties of the two-mass system, the option with the point of application of the driving force to the second mass is 4,3 times more energy efficient than the option of applying the driving force to the first mass.

Energy Consumption Analysis Based on Data Rate During Disaster

Energy Consumption Analysis Based on Data Rate During Disaster

Path analysis of energy economic management standardization in the context of carbon neutralization and carbon peak

Carbon neutrality and carbon peak are two important measures to control climate change. They have a huge impact on many companies in the fields of energy, industry, construction, transportation, etc. They can change the development pattern of related industries and increase many new investment and development opportunities. This paper proposes a path analysis of the standardization of energy economic management under the background of carbon neutrality and carbon peak, aiming to study the development forecast of energy economic management under low-carbon conditions. The algorithm proposed in this paper is an energy consumption analysis algorithm based on the IPAT model, which can be combined with the IPAT model to analyze and process energy consumption data. In addition, by analyzing and evaluating the contribution of various factors, people can better understand the impact of energy consumption on the environment and formulate corresponding solutions. The experimental analysis results of energy economic management based on carbon neutrality and carbon peak show that, from 2013 to 2017, under the baseline scenario, carbon emissions increased year by year, from 9.25 billion tons to 10.48 billion tons. Under the carbon neutral scenario, its carbon emissions are 9.22 billion tons, 9.24 billion tons, 9.22 billion tons, 9.19 billion tons and 9.21 billion tons respectively. Obviously, under the carbon neutral scenario, carbon emissions can be better controlled through carbon neutral and carbon peak strategies. Through these experimental prediction results, it can be proved that carbon neutrality and carbon peaking have excellent effects on promoting energy economic management. At the same time, this study also provides valuable reference information for further research on carbon neutrality and carbon peaks.

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CHINA'S AND INDIA'S NATIONAL ECONOMIES

The development of society is highly dependent on energy. However, the extensive use of power causes global problems such as resource exhaustion and climate warming. China and India are typical fast-growing developing countries whose economic advancement relies on traditional energy consumption. To realize the vision of sustainable development for these states, it is necessary to study the nations' economic efficiency of power use. Based on the analysis of energy consumption and gross domestic product trends in China and India from 1990 to 2019, this paper discusses the changes in the energy consumption index per unit of gross domestic product. The authors concluded that the power consumption in China and India is mainly concentrated in the industry, residential, and transport sectors. Divided by resource types, the energy consumed by China comes primarily from coal, oil products, and electricity, while the power consumed by India is mainly from coal, oil products, biofuels and waste. Since both countries mostly use coal and oil products which belong to fossil fuels, they emit large amounts of carbon dioxide, endangering the environment quality. Given this, China and India should focus on green power development. China's total energy consumption is much larger than India's, and China's gross domestic product is much larger than India's. However, China's energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product is less than India's. The higher the energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product is, the higher the dependence of economic development on energy is. The authors' suggestions are to develop non-fossil energy sources and adjust the energy mix, recycle solid wastes, and encourage carbon trading, climate investment and financing in the states to reach sustainable development targets.

Environmental impact of adult incontinence products in China in the context of population aging

With the rise of the aging population, the demand for adult incontinence products keeps increasing in developing countries. The increasing market demand for adult incontinence products will inevitably drive up upstream production, leading to more resources and energy consumption, carbon emissions, and heavier environmental pollution. It is imperative to explore the environmental impact of those products and seek opportunities to reduce the environmental impact, which is insufficient. This study aims to fill the gap in research on comparative analysis of energy consumption, carbon emissions, and the environmental impact of adult incontinence products from a life cycle perspective under different energy saving and emission reduction scenarios in the context of aging in China. Based on empirical data from a top papermaking manufacturer in China, this study applies Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method to analyze the impact of adult incontinence products from cradle to grave. Then different scenarios in the future are set to explore the potential of and the possible pathways for energy-saving and emission-reduction of adult incontinence products from the perspective of the whole life cycle. The results indicate that the energy and materials inputs are the environmental hotspots of adult incontinence products. Under the future trend of the aging population, the predictable optimization of energy structure, optimization of material composition, and final disposal methods are far from being able to cope with the enormous environmental burden brought by the increase in the consumption of adult incontinence products, especially in 2060 which shows 3.33 to 18.40 times the annual environmental burden under the optimal energy saving and emission reduction scenario, compared to the base year 2020. Research on new environmentally friendly materials and recycling technology should be the focus of the technological development of adult incontinence products.

EVALUATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF DRILLING TOOLS WHEN DRILLING WELLS ON KARSTED ROCK BLOCKS

The article is devoted to the analysis of energy consumption in the process of drilling wells in karst rock blocks. The paper presents the results of experimental and analytical studies of the drilling process and energy consumption for the destruction of rock massifs with a complex structure characterized by the presence of karst cavities. The operation of the drilling machine during the drilling of the karst rock block was monitored. In the article, the use of the criterion of energy intensity of the well drilling process is proposed to assess the level of energy consumption by the drilling rig. On the basis of the conducted research, the dependence of the rotary power of the drilling machine on the productivity of drilling wells was established, and the dependence of the specific energy intensity of rock drilling on the drilling productivity was determined.
 The results of the conducted analytical and experimental studies on the determination of the geological structures of well columns by the energy intensity of their drilling process allow the development of designs of well charges for effective and safe destruction of complex rock massifs.

Assessing key indicators of efficient green energy production for IEA members.

Environmental pollution, increased energy consumption, and growing demand for the energy sector have been widely discussed. Due to policymakers and different organizations impacting a lot of new regulations, tools have been implemented to use clean energy that has zero impact on the environment. The International Energy Agency (IEA) supports energy efficiency and evaluation by developing tracking indicators and analyzing energy consumption data. The paper identifies critical indicators for efficient green energy production and ranks the IEA member countries using the CRITIC-TOPSIS method. Results showed that CO2 emissions and monitoring energy consumption are the most significant indicators while assessing the countries' performance regarding green energy production. The results indicated Sweden as the best-performing country regarding green energy production and reaching energy efficiency between 1990 and 2020. While Turkey and the USA ranked last, resulting in significantly increased CO2 emissions within the time range that need more efforts and policy implications to reach similar energy efficiency levels as other IEA countries.

Airborne power ultrasound for paper drying: an experimental study

A novel approach for paper drying using airborne ultrasound technology is presented. A unique experimental setup is developed, and a systematic study is conducted using 23 factorial design of experiments and Analysis of Variance. Three controlling factors are considered in the experiments including the initial moisture content, basis weight and refining condition. The outcome of the experiments is compared to a previous work on direct-contact ultrasonic drying of paper. The results confirm that similar to direct-contact, for airborne ultrasonic drying, the basis weight/thickness of the sample is the most important factor in ultrasonic drying and it is followed by the effect of initial moisture content. Using linear regression model, a correlation for predicting the total time of ultrasonic drying is provided. Quality of the dried samples is evaluated, and the permeability measurements confirmed the effect of pore characteristics on ultrasonic drying. The analysis for energy consumption reveals that airborne ultrasonic drying is more efficient at higher moisture contents.

Process improvement and heat integration of rich gas ethane recovery

AbstractThe recovery of ethane from natural gas is an important measure to enhance the economic benefit and energy saving of oilfields. In the process of condensation, the gas‐rich ethane recovery process has the problems of high condensation, high methane content, difficult control of cold box pinch temperature, and high energy consumption. Based on the Recycle Split Vapor (RSV) process, two improved processes, Supplemental Rectification with Compression and Recycle Split Vapor (SRCR) and Recycle Split Vapor with Liquid Flashing (RSVL), are proposed. Energy consumption analysis shows that RSVL process has the lowest total compression power and lower investment cost than SRCR process. The heat integration analysis shows that the ratios R1 and R2 of the demethanizer side‐draw duty directly influence the temperature matching of the cold and hot streams in the main cold box. For rich gas, R1 is advised to set between .5 and .75, and R2 is advised to set between .6 and .8. The sensitivity analysis shows that the lower the feed gas pressure and the richer the gas, the higher the total compression power of the process, and the closer the composite curve of cold and heat in the main cold box. The higher the feed gas temperature, the greater the total compression power. The higher the CO2 content in the feed gas, the higher the total compression power of the RSVL process, and the smaller the CO2 freezing temperature in the demethanizer.