Effects Of AEDs Research Articles

LFS AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL TO TEACHING:

In recent times a tremendous emphasis has been laid worldwide on the use of technology in teaching. As far as teaching English as a second or foreign language (ESL/EFL) is concerned, a good number of teaching methods based on information technology have emerged, e.g. Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) and Network-Based Language Teaching (NBLT). Learning Feedback System (LFS), alternatively called Social Web, has been developed by Daffodil International University in order to increase interaction between teachers and students of all courses through the use of technology. The interaction is mostly off-campus and may be round the clock. In LFS the teachers assign various tasks, which the students complete as per instruction. This LFS has added a new dimension in the mode of interactive teaching and has proved useful to the teachers who are using it to improve students’ reading and writing skills in terms of composition, grammar, vocabulary and spelling. This paper attempts to explore various aspects of LFS focusing on its operation and benefits and the extent of its effectiveness in developing students’ writing and reading skills. A survey, which has been conducted among the teachers and students on the usefulness of LFS, reveals that majority of students and teachers like the system and find it useful as far as students’ reading and creative writing abilities are concerned. And, the benefits of LFS will outweigh its limitations if the recommendations prescribed in the study are followed for the betterment of the teachers and students, and overall the teaching-learning system.

SUCRALFATE MAY BE AN EFFECTIVE TOPICAL AGENT IN PREVENTING ORAL MUCOSITIS

SUCRALFATE MAY BE AN EFFECTIVE TOPICAL AGENT IN PREVENTING ORAL MUCOSITIS

Effect of Anti-Epileptic Drugs Usage on Thyroid Profile in Egyptian Epileptic Children

Abstract Background AEDs Has been associated with disturbances in thyroid functions. This was studied in adults but there is contradictory data in children especiall newer AEDs. Objective This study aims to compare the effects of conventional and newer AEDs whether mono or polytherapy on thyroid profile in epileptic children. Results This study included 155 children with epilepsy (54.84 % euthyroid, 31.61% hypothyroid, 9.68% subclinical hypothyroid and 3.87 % subclinical hypothyroid) and 78 healthy controls. Epileptic children compliant on AEDS either mono-therapy or poly-therapy are associated with a statistically significant thyroid profile abnormalities (hypothyroidism, sub-clinical hypothyroidism or sub-clinical hyperthyroidism). There was no statistically significant difference between poly-therapy and mono-therapy. Carbamazepine had a statistically significant association with hypothyroidism and valproic acid had a statistically significant association with sub-clinical hypothyroidism. LEV also wa associated with significat thyroid dysfunction. There was no statistically significant difference between those on two AEDS those on three AEDS and those on four or five AEDS. Conclusion AEDs whether older or newer generations can effect thyroid profile. Anti –epileptic drugs whether conventional or new ones are associated with hypothyroidism, sub-clinical hypothyroidism, sub- clinical hyperthyroidism.

Effect of bacteria-algae ratio on treatment of anaerobic digested wastewater by symbiotic coupling of bacteria and algae under the background of carbon neutralization

Environmental pollution is a growing concern, particularly the impact of sewage treatment gas on the atmosphere's greenhouse effect. Efficient sewage resource recycling is crucial to achieving carbon neutrality. The bacteria-algae symbiotic sewage treatment system combines wastewater treatment, carbon dioxide fixation, and biomass energy recovery to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, environmental protection, and the transformation of high-value added products. This paper presents the construction of a sequencing batch photobiological reaction system that utilizes a microbial-algae symbiotic relationship. The system was used to analyze the degradation effects of sCOD, TN, AN, and TP in anaerobic digestion wastewater by varying the microbial-algae ratios. Additionally, changes in the microbial community were analyzed to explore the system's potential for reducing carbon emissions. The study's findings indicate that: 1)When the ratio of bacteria to algae was 2:3, the removal rates of TN, AN, sCOD, and TP were 81.38%, 94.28%, 75.33%, and 96.56%. 2)Changing the ratio of bacteria to algae would affect the bacterial concentration in the mixed system, but not the bacterial community structure. The results indicate that a ratio of 2:3 enhances the removal of pollutants by bacteria and algae symbionts.3) Under the context of carbon neutralization, this paper investigates the reduction of carbon emissions in ADE treated by bacteria-algae symbiosis at the optimal bacteria to algae ratio. The experimental process can reduce 177.03 mg CO2 compared to complete nutrient consumption treatment, which is equivalent to a reduction of 355.08 g CO2 per 1 m3 of ADE. For full anaerobic treatment, this experimental process can reduce 228.35 mg of CO2 equivalent CH4, which translates to a reduction of 456.71 g of CO2 equivalent CH4 per 1 m3 of ADE.

Financial statement analysis was conducted to assess the financial performance of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk in the 2018-2022 period using the Current Ratio, Debt Equity Ratio, and Return on Asset

Financial performance is a formal effort to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness ofa company in generating profits. The method used is a qualitative method using a descriptive approach; the subject in this study is PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk and the object in this study is the financial statement data of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. The data source used in this study is secondary data taken from the official website of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. This study aims to determinethe financial performance of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk using the CurrentRatio, debt-to-equityRatio, and return on assets. It is expected to provide helpful information for companies and investors in making investment decisions. Based on the attached data, it shows that during the 2018-2022 period, the average Ratio of each Ratio in PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk is as follows: at the liquidity ratio of current assets of 8,178,740 and current liabilities of 12,488,997. At the Ratio of total debt solvency of 14,415,546 and total equity of 5,223,178. Theprofitability ratio of total assets amounted to 56,794,724, and net profit amounted to 6,955,753. From the results of this study, the Company's financial performance shows a low level of liquidity, a higher level of risk due to the use of more considerable debt, and suboptimal operational performance. Therefore, companies must pay attention to cost management, debt management, and sales activities to improve financial performance. TheCompanyCompany should increase sales toenhance efficient financial performance. This research is expected to make theoretical contributions to the literature in this context, including in the context of economic and banking management.

CORPORATE AGREEMENT AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR SOLVING CORPORATE CONFLICTS

CORPORATE AGREEMENT AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR SOLVING CORPORATE CONFLICTS

ENSURING AN EFFECTIVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY POLICY BASED ON APPROPRIATE ENERGY AUDIT SYSTEMS

ENSURING AN EFFECTIVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY POLICY BASED ON APPROPRIATE ENERGY AUDIT SYSTEMS

Valproic Acid in Pregnancy Revisited: Neurobehavioral, Biochemical and Molecular Changes Affecting the Embryo and Fetus in Humans and in Animals: A Narrative Review.

Valproic acid (VPA) is a very effective anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer with relatively few side effects. Being an epigenetic modulator, it undergoes clinical trials for the treatment of advanced prostatic and breast cancer. However, in pregnancy, it seems to be the most teratogenic antiepileptic drug. Among the proven effects are congenital malformations in about 10%. The more common congenital malformations are neural tube defects, cardiac anomalies, urogenital malformations including hypospadias, skeletal malformations and orofacial clefts. These effects are dose related; daily doses below 600 mg have a limited teratogenic potential. VPA, when added to other anti-seizure medications, increases the malformations rate. It induces malformations even when taken for indications other than epilepsy, adding to the data that epilepsy is not responsible for the teratogenic effects. VPA increases the rate of neurodevelopmental problems causing reduced cognitive abilities and language impairment. It also increases the prevalence of specific neurodevelopmental syndromes like autism (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). High doses of folic acid administered prior to and during pregnancy might alleviate some of the teratogenic effect of VPA and other AEDs. Several teratogenic mechanisms are proposed for VPA, but the most important mechanisms seem to be its effects on the metabolism of folate, SAMe and histones, thus affecting DNA methylation. VPA crosses the human placenta and was found at higher concentrations in fetal blood. Its concentrations in milk are low, therefore nursing is permitted. Animal studies generally recapitulate human data.

Abstract 18434: Amanita Muscaria and Pantherina Withdrawal as a Cause of Lone Atrial Fibrillation

Introduction: The Amanita mushroom family is known for use as a means of suicide or for psychedelic effects. The manifestations of Amanita mushroom poisoning include gastrointestinal poison, cholinergic effects and organ failure. In this paper, we will discuss the first observed study of a patient who developed new onset atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular response (RVR) after withdrawal from accidental chronic poisoning of Amanita muscaria and pantherina over the course of three weeks. Case: A 29 year-old male with no prior past medical history presented with three days of palpitations. He began taking A. pantherina and muscaria three weeks prior to help treat sexual addiction. He started with 0.35 mcg twice a day, then doubled the dose after one week, then three days prior to presentation he started taking three grams twice per day. He noticed palpitations as he increased his dose, but then acutely worsened after he stopped taking mushrooms. In the emergency department, he was found to have new onset atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate as well as frequent episodes of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. An alcohol level and urine drug screen were unremarkable. Thyroid stimulating hormone was within range. His heart rate did not respond to intravenous diltiazem. He was transitioned to an esmolol infusion that responded with rapid improvement in heart rate as well as ventricular ectopy suppression. He eventually underwent a transesophageal echocardiogram and was transitioned to oral beta blocker therapy. He was discharged with no complications and near full recovery. Discussion: A report published in 1869 described the first description of the pharmacological effect of A. muscaria showing it is 143 times more toxic than acetylcholine due to the inability of cholinesterase to hydrolyse or inhibit its effect. The acute cardiovascular toxicities are well described, however, this case is the first description of chronic cardiac toxicity manifesting as new onset AF with RVR, caused by A. muscaria and pantherina withdrawal. We suggest that cardiovascular monitoring, including event monitors, are essential for complications of A. muscaria and pantherina . More detailed studies need to be done.

Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Pada Divisi F&B Yogya Sunda Heritage 60 Bandung)

This research was conducted at the F&B Division Of Yogya Sunda Heritage 60 Bandungwhich is a company engaged in retail, food and beverage production. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyse the effect of the work environment on employee performance todetermine the constraints on employee performance and provide solutions to theseconstraints. The method used in this research is to use verification and descriptive researchwith a quantitative approach, and data collection techniques through questionnaires,literature studies, interviews and observations. This method can help to measure the effect ofa variable by using SPSS data processing. The sample of this research is 32 respondents. Theresults of the analysis show that, based on the t-test, there is a significant positive effectbetween the work environment on the performance of the employees of the F&B Division OfYogya Sunda Heritage 60 Bandung indicating that the t value > t table (14,044 > 1,684).Thus Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that there is a significant influencebetween the work environment on employee performance. That is, the higher the workenvironment, the higher the performance. To determine the magnitude of the influence of thework environment on performance, it can be seen in the R Square column. The amount of RJurnal Manajemen DiversifikasiVol. 3. No. 3 (2023)494Square (R2) is 868. So it can be concluded that the work environment can contribute 86.8%to employee performance. And the other 13.2% are still influenced by other factors.

Fine‐scale variation in the effect of the cushion plantAzorella selagoon vascular plants, mosses, hepatics and lichens in the sub‐Antarctic

AbstractQuestionPlant–plant interactions can strongly influence community structure and composition. The outcome of these interactions can vary considerably across space and is often linked to environmental conditions, with, for example, a higher prevalence of facilitative interactions typically being observed under greater environmental severity. To date, most studies have documented shifts from competitive to facilitative (or neutral) plant–plant and plant–lichen interactions along gradients of increasing environmental severity from pairwise interspecific interactions. However, few studies have examined if the outcome of these interactions for different taxonomic groups is dependent on environmental conditions across multiple environmental stress gradients.LocationSub‐Antarctic Marion Island.MethodsWe examine community‐level variation in the response of four taxa (i.e., vascular plants, hepatics, mosses, and lichens) to an interaction with a long‐lived cushion plant species (Azorella selago) that ameliorates microenvironmental conditions, testing how the effect of the cushion plant on the taxa varies along multiple stress gradients at the scale of a landform.ResultsContrary to expectations, even when considering multiple proximate predictor variables, fine‐scale spatial variation in the effect ofA. selagoon the taxa could not be explained. However, the outcome of the interaction withA. selagodiffered between taxonomic groups, with vascular plants benefitting and the non‐vascular taxa experiencing neutral or negative impacts.ConclusionsThis study highlights that the impacts of biotic interactions cannot always be generalized across plant groups, and that it is necessary to consider taxon‐specific responses when predicting community‐level impacts of biotic interactions. More generally, we demonstrate how complex spatial variation in environmental stressors can be explicitly considered when modelling variation in the outcome of plant–plant interactions.

Effect of antiepileptic drugs on bone metabolism in children using biochemical markers: a case control study

Background: Most epileptic patients are diagnosed and treated in childhood and adolescence and this period is crucial in attaining peak bone mass. Few studies are conducted on children showing long term effects of AEDs on bone metabolism. So, the present study was conducted to evaluate correlation of long-term uses of AEDs with changes in bone metabolism using biochemical marker. Methods: Total of 140 subjects divided into 70cases - Epileptic children aged 1 to 14 years who are on AEDs for at least 6months and 70 Controls- Children aged 1 to 14 years not on AEDs. Semi structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic data. Venous blood samples were collected and sent for laboratory investigations like Serum vitamin D, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, Parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase levels. Results: Mean age of study population in cases was 7.74±4.43 years and in controls was7.65±3.72 years. Mean vitamin-D, calcium, phosphorus decreases while PTH and ALP increases with duration of treatment in epileptic children with a statistically significant difference between them (P<0.05). Mean serum vitamin D level in cases and in controls was with no statistical significant difference between two groups. Mean serum calcium, phosphorus, parathormone and alkaline phosphatase levels in cases and controls all had a statistically significant mean difference between two groups. Serum vitamin-D, serum calcium, serum phosphorus was low in patients treated with enzyme inducing when compared to non-enzyme inducing drugs in epileptic children with a statistically significant difference between them (P<0.05). Serum vitamin-D, serum calcium, serum phosphorus was high in patients on monotherapy when compared polytherapy in epileptic children with a statistically significant difference between them (P<0.05). Conclusions: Present study shows that children on AEDs for longer duration had low bone mineral parameters when compared to normal children. The study emphasizes that mineral levels need to be monitored in epileptic patients as they are at a higher risk of falling and bone fractures.

LPCAT1 levels in the placenta, the maternal plasma and the fetal plasma do not predict fetal lung responses to glucocorticoids in a sheep model of pregnancy

IntroductionLysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) is important for saturated phosphatidylcholine (Sat-PC) production in the lung. Sat-PC is a critical component of pulmonary surfactant, which maintains low alveolar surface tension, facilitating respiration. Previous studies have reported an association between maternal and fetal LPCAT1 levels and neonatal lung function. Using a sheep model of pregnancy, we investigated a potential correlation between glucocorticoid-induced lung maturation and LPCAT1 mRNA and/or protein levels in the fetal lung, the placenta, the fetal plasma, and the maternal plasma. MethodsEighty seven single pregnant ewes received maternal intramuscular injections of betamethasone. A sub-group of five animals had both maternal and fetal catheters installed to allow for sequential sampling from both plasma compartments. Lambs were surgically delivered under terminal anaesthesia between 2 and 8 days after initial ANS treatment, at a gestational age of 121–123 days. Lambs were ventilated for 30 min to determine functional lung maturation before being euthanized for necropsy and sample collection. Fetal lung, placenta, and fetal and maternal plasma samples were used to analyse LPCAT1 gene expression and protein levels. ResultsThe expression of LPCAT1 mRNA in the fetal lung was significantly corelated to Sat-PC levels at 8 days (R2 = 0.23, p < 0.001) and lung maturation status overall (gas exchange efficiency as determined by measurements of lamb PaCO2 during ventilation, R2 = 0.20, p < 0.001). Similarly, fetal lung LPCAT1 mRNA was also significantly correlated with the individual durability of ANS effects on fetal lung maturation (R2 = 0.20, p < 0.001). Although ANS therapy altered LPCAT1 mRNA expression in the placenta, observed changes were independent of fetal lung maturation outcomes. Neither maternal nor fetal plasma LPCAT1 levels were changed by ANS therapy over the period, including in analysis of serial maternal and fetal samples from chronically catheterised animals. DiscussionLPCAT1 expression in the fetal lung was associated with the durability of glucocorticoid effects on fetal lung maturation. However, LPCAT1 expression in the placenta, the fetal plasma, and the maternal plasma was neither associated with, nor predictive of fetal lung maturation after glucocorticoid treatment in a sheep model of pregnancy.

V06-12 PROPHYLACTIC MESH STRIPS: AN EFFECTIVE WAY TO REDUCE HERNIA DURING RADICAL CYSTECTOMY

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023V06-12 PROPHYLACTIC MESH STRIPS: AN EFFECTIVE WAY TO REDUCE HERNIA DURING RADICAL CYSTECTOMY Noah Frydenlund, Eric Li, Clayton Neill, Gergory Dumanian, and Joshua J. Meeks Noah FrydenlundNoah Frydenlund More articles by this author , Eric LiEric Li More articles by this author , Clayton NeillClayton Neill More articles by this author , Gergory DumanianGergory Dumanian More articles by this author , and Joshua J. MeeksJoshua J. Meeks More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003274.12AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Postoperative hernia development, especially parastomal hernia (PSH), remains a challenging problem after radical cystectomy (RC). The incidence of incisional hernia (IH) has been reported to range from 5-15%, while PSHs occur between 15-65%. The use of prophylactic mesh sheets during RC has been shown to reduce the incidence of PSH in a recent randomized trial. We present our technique for the prophylactic use of soft polypropylene mesh strips as sutures at the time of RC as a potential alternative to mesh sheets and review our early experience. METHODS: A retrospective review of a single surgeon's experience with RC from January 2017 to July 2022 was performed. The inclusion criteria were the use of prophylactic parastomal and/or ventral mesh strips. Patients that required intra-operative assistance from plastic surgery for complex abdominal closure were excluded. Radiographic hernias were identified by radiology reports. Hernias that were noticeable on physical exam, symptomatic, or required operative repair were classified as clinical hernias. RESULTS: A total of 72 patients with prophylactic mesh strip placement during radical cystectomy were included. The average age was 73.5 years (Range 41-88 years), with an average follow of 10.8 months (range 1.1 – 63 months) and an average BMI of 27.9 (range 16.0 – 39.13). Sixty-one patients underwent RC with ileal conduit (IC), while 11 underwent RC with neobladder (NB) creation. 93% of the cases were performed robotically with extracorporeal diversion, and the remainder were open. In the RC with IC cohort, 54 patients had ventral and stomal mesh strips placed while 4 had ventral only and 3 had stomal only strips. Radiographic IH was reported in 6/69 (8.7%) patients with ventral mesh strips. Clinical IH was reported in 2/69 (2.9%) patients. For the RC/IC cohort, radiographic PSH was identified in 11/57 (19.3%) patients, and clinical PSH occurred in 6/57 (10.5%) patients. 2/57 (3.5%) patients underwent parastomal hernia repair, 2/57 (3.5%) developed stomal stenosis, and one patient underwent incisional hernia repair. No mesh-related complications were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The prophylactic use of mesh strips as sutures during RC may provide a safe and effective method to reduce postoperative hernia. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e512 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Noah Frydenlund More articles by this author Eric Li More articles by this author Clayton Neill More articles by this author Gergory Dumanian More articles by this author Joshua J. Meeks More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

MP07-17 NATIVE TISSUE ANTERIOR SACROSPINOUS HYSTEROPEXY IS AN EFFECTIVE AND SAFE APPROACH FOR PRIMARY UTEROVAGINAL PROLAPSE COMPARED TO MESH AUGMENTED REPAIR

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP07-17 NATIVE TISSUE ANTERIOR SACROSPINOUS HYSTEROPEXY IS AN EFFECTIVE AND SAFE APPROACH FOR PRIMARY UTEROVAGINAL PROLAPSE COMPARED TO MESH AUGMENTED REPAIR Tyler Overholt, Liliya Velet, Mark Xu, Rahul Dutta, and Catherine Matthews Tyler OverholtTyler Overholt More articles by this author , Liliya VeletLiliya Velet More articles by this author , Mark XuMark Xu More articles by this author , Rahul DuttaRahul Dutta More articles by this author , and Catherine MatthewsCatherine Matthews More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003222.17AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Anterior sacrospinous hysteropexy (SSH) was popularized by transvaginal mesh kits. Following market withdrawal, we hypothesized similar efficacy could be achieved through native tissue reattachment of the pubocervical fascia to the cervix with fixation of the anterior cervix to the sacrospinous ligament. Few analyses exist for the efficacy of anterior SSH using native tissue versus mesh augmented repair. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of women who underwent transvaginal SSH at a tertiary center between 01/16-12/21 was performed. Women underwent mesh augmented repair using the Uphold Lite Vaginal Support System or a native tissue anterior SSH. Demographic, clinical, and operative data were reviewed. Composite success was defined as no bulge symptoms, no prolapse retreatment, and no recurrent prolapse beyond the hymen with apex non descended > 1/3 the total vaginal length. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were performed as indicated. RESULTS: We compared the data for 97 women (40 mesh augmented; 57 native tissue). There was no difference in age, BMI, or vaginal delivery history between groups (p > 0.05). Median pre operative POP Q was stage III. Those in the mesh augmented group were more likely to have undergone a prior prolapse (p=0.003) or intra abdominal (p=0.015) surgery. There was no difference in surgical time (p=0.211) between groups (Table 1). The median post procedure follow up time was 8.2 months. The composite success rate was 95% for all women (Table 1). Anatomic success was demonstrated in 100% of patients. Vaginal bulge symptoms were reported by 2 women in the mesh augmented group compared to 3 in the native tissue group (p=0.999). One woman in the mesh augmented group underwent retreatment (pessary) compared to 3 in the native tissue group (2 pessary, 1 surgery; p=0.639). There was no difference in intra operative (p=0.999) or 30 day post operative (p=0.775) complication rate between groups (Table 1). CONCLUSIONS: Ninety five percent of women who underwent an anterior SSH achieved surgical success. The use of mesh augmentation did not confer any added benefit in terms of efficacy or complications when compared to native tissue. Further long term data is needed to continue our assessment of native tissue anterior SSH. Source of Funding: NA © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e91 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Tyler Overholt More articles by this author Liliya Velet More articles by this author Mark Xu More articles by this author Rahul Dutta More articles by this author Catherine Matthews More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

MP24-05 IS YOUTUBE AN EFFECTIVE PATIENT EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE? CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE TOP 50 BPH VIDEOS

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP24-05 IS YOUTUBE AN EFFECTIVE PATIENT EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE? CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE TOP 50 BPH VIDEOS Annie Chen, Jose Torres, Kerry Adler, Hiran Perera, and David Schulsinger Annie ChenAnnie Chen More articles by this author , Jose TorresJose Torres More articles by this author , Kerry AdlerKerry Adler More articles by this author , Hiran PereraHiran Perera More articles by this author , and David SchulsingerDavid Schulsinger More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003249.05AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common diagnosis in the aging male population encountered via the Urologist and primary care physician alike. Symptomatic BPH may drive patients to seek information from a variety of sources. YouTube is a popular platform for medical education, but quality of information has yet to be elucidated. METHODS: A search was performed for the top 50 most viewed English-language YouTube videos using the keywords "enlarged prostate treatment." Videos were evaluated based on engagement, content, and metrics utilizing the DISCERN and Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) standardized scores. Videos exceeding twenty minutes were excluded. Categorical variables were analyzed with chi-square and continuous with ANOVA. RESULTS: The top 50 most popular videos accounted for 37,135,760 total views. 94% were produced by non-medical institutions, 22% featured a physician, and 18% featured a urologist. Average DISCERN score was 2.9 with 68% of videos rated as moderate to poor quality (DISCERN≤3).Videos featuring a physician had a higher DISCERN quality score (2.7v3.3, p=0.003). 48% of videos featured surgeries. Videos featuring physicians were more likely to mention surgeries (8/11=73% v 16/39=41%). The most popular surgery featured was transurethral resection (8%) followed by laser vaporization of the prostate (6%). 70% of videos promoted home remedies/supplements for management of BPH. These videos were more actionable than ones without (0.37 v 0.26, p=0.04). Saw palmetto was featured in 20% of videos and described positively (8), negatively (1), and with no effect (1). 69% of home remedy videos contained a link to purchase a featured product.User comments/engagement were analyzed: 94% requested medical advice, 91% provided advice, 89% provided support. Videos featuring a physician had more user comments. CONCLUSIONS: Less than 25% of the 50 most popular videos on YouTube discussing BPH featured a physician. These videos were higher quality than those without. Home remedy videos were more likely to encourage patients to take action and often contained a link to purchase a featured product. Less than 50% featured surgeries. Patients appeared more engaged and desired more information. Ultimately with the growth in access to information via Youtube and other social media platforms (Reddit, TikTok) a stronger Physician presence is needed to disseminate accurate, fast information to the pubic. Source of Funding: No financial disclosures © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e319 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Annie Chen More articles by this author Jose Torres More articles by this author Kerry Adler More articles by this author Hiran Perera More articles by this author David Schulsinger More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

MP71-17 CAN FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION BE AN EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR POST PROSTATECTOMY INCONTINENCE?

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP71-17 CAN FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION BE AN EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR POST PROSTATECTOMY INCONTINENCE? Pin Chun Liu, Yi-Sheng Lin, Yen-Chuan Ou, Chao-Yu Hsu, and Min-Che Tung Pin Chun LiuPin Chun Liu More articles by this author , Yi-Sheng LinYi-Sheng Lin More articles by this author , Yen-Chuan OuYen-Chuan Ou More articles by this author , Chao-Yu HsuChao-Yu Hsu More articles by this author , and Min-Che TungMin-Che Tung More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003339.17AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) is a bothersome complication after receiving radical prostatectomy. Incontinence may significantly interfere with quality of life and increase activity dependency. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is one of the treatment tools of urinary incontinence. FES is the only conservative management in Taiwan National Health Insurance. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of FES in PPI treatment. METHODS: Patients who received robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy between 2019 to 2022 with complications of PPI were enrolled. The patient received FES twice every week (one course). Urinary distress inventory, short form (UDI-6), overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, Short Form (IIQ-7) were applied for incontinence symptoms assessment and quantification. Measurements were obtained before and after 3 courses of FES treatment. Pre-FES and post-FES scores were collected and analyzed by pair sample T-test. RESULTS: Questionnaire data of 33 patients with PPI were collected in this study. No complication was noted during the whole treatment course of FES. Bothersome questionnaire scores significantly improved at follow up when compared to the baseline. The average score of OABSS (10.8 to 8.48, p=0.00017) and UDI-6 (8.18 to 5.65, p=0.00026) both got significant reductions. But there is no difference between pre and post-FES IIQ-7 score (10.26 to 8.46, p=0.09). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed the incontinence symptoms improvement after receiving functional electrical stimulation therapy. Functional electrical stimulation is a safe and effective treatment for post-prostatectomy incontinence. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e1021 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Pin Chun Liu More articles by this author Yi-Sheng Lin More articles by this author Yen-Chuan Ou More articles by this author Chao-Yu Hsu More articles by this author Min-Che Tung More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Anethole improves the developmental competence of porcine embryos by reducing oxidative stress via the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway

BackgroundAnethole (AN) is an organic antioxidant compound with a benzene ring and is expected to have a positive impact on early embryogenesis in mammals. However, no study has examined the effect of AN on porcine embryonic development. Therefore, we investigated the effect of AN on the development of porcine embryos and the underlying mechanism.ResultsWe cultured porcine in vitro-fertilized embryos in medium with AN (0, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) for 6 d. AN at 0.5 mg/mL significantly increased the blastocyst formation rate, trophectoderm cell number, and cellular survival rate compared to the control. AN-supplemented embryos exhibited significantly lower reactive oxygen species levels and higher glutathione levels than the control. Moreover, AN significantly improved the quantity of mitochondria and mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the lipid droplet, fatty acid, and ATP levels. Interestingly, the levels of proteins and genes related to the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway were significantly increased by AN.ConclusionsThese results revealed that AN improved the developmental competence of porcine preimplantation embryos by activating SHH signaling against oxidative stress and could be used for large-scale production of high-quality porcine embryos.

Evaluation of Metabolic Parameters on Use of Newer Antiepileptics Versus Conventional Antiepileptics in Patients of Generalised Tonic-Clonic Seizure: An Observational Study.

Background and objective Epilepsy is the commonest serious neurological condition and around 50 million people live with epilepsy (PWE). Primary and secondary generalised tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) together constitute up to 50% of adult and adolescent epilepsy. GTCS respond well to broad-spectrum AEDs like valproate, phenytoin, levetiracetam, lamotrigine, and topiramate. Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine are considered alternatives. Metabolic derangements with the conventional AEDs (phenytoin causes loss of bone mass in women, phenytoin and carbamazepine produce increases in serum lipid and C-reactive protein, weight gain with valproate) are well documented. But, there is limited data regarding the effect of the newer AEDs on metabolic parameters. Thus, this study was undertaken to assess the effects of the newer AEDs on the metabolic profile of patients with epilepsy. Material and methods A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, in collaboration with the Department of Neurology at S.C.B. Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack. 100 diagnosed patients with GTCS receiving monotherapy of either conventional or newer anti-epileptics were included in the study. Their metabolic parameters like total cholesterol, serum sodium, serum TSH and fasting blood glucose were collected at baseline, three months, and six months. ADRs were collected during the entire study period and causality assessment was done using WHO-UMC Causality Assessment Scale. All the data were analysed using SPSS 20.0 after applying appropriate statistical tests. Results There was a significant increase in total cholesterol in all four groups (p=0.002) but a pathological increasein the phenytoin and oxcarbazepine groups. There was a significant rise in the serum TSH levels in all groups except levetiracetam, but a pathological increase was seen with phenytoin and valproate, i.e., the conventional ones. Statistically significant hyponatremia was seen with valproate and oxcarbazepine. A rise in the FBS was seen with both phenytoin and valproate (p=0.002) but a pathological rise was seen with phenytoin. Out of the total reported ADRs, 53.5% were seen with conventional AEDs, and the rest 46.5% were seen with newer ones. Conclusion The advent of newer anti-epileptic drugs has unfolded wider horizons to the treatment of epilepsy. Each of these drugs has a unique mechanism of action, making it less prone to resistance. Metabolic derangements are a key determinant in the compliance of these drugs as they can predispose to other co-morbidities. Periodic monitoring of the various metabolic parameters is useful and together with patient counselling can improve the effectiveness of the anti-epileptic drugs.

AN EFFECT OF HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS TIME ON THE SPECIFIC CAPACITANCE OF VANADIUM PENTOXIDE

AN EFFECT OF HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS TIME ON THE SPECIFIC CAPACITANCE OF VANADIUM PENTOXIDE