Amenability Research Articles

Affordable Caenorhabditis elegans tracking system for classroom use.

For decades the nematode C. elegans has served as an outstanding research organism owing to its unsurpassed experimental amenability. This advantage has also made this tiny worm an attractive vehicle for science instruction across higher learning institutions. However, the prohibitive cost associated with the automated behavioral assessment of these animals remains an obstacle preventing their full adoption in undergraduate and high school settings. To improve this situation, we developed an inexpensive worm tracking system for use by high school interns and undergraduate students. Over the past two years this tracker has been successfully used by undergraduate students in our introductory Cell and Molecular lab (BSC220) at Illinois State University. Here we describe and demonstrate the use of our inexpensive worm tracking system.

Ideal Connes amenability of $$l^{1}$$-Munn algebras and its application to semigroup algebras

Ideal Connes amenability of $$l^{1}$$-Munn algebras and its application to semigroup algebras

Character amenability of real Banach algebras

‎Let $ (A,| cdot |) $ be a real Banach algebra‎. ‎In this paper we first introduce left and right $varphi$-amenability of $A$ and discuss the relation between left (right‎, ‎respectively) $varphi$-menability and $overline{varphi}$-amenability of $A$ for $varphiintriangle(A)cup{0}$ where $overline{varphi}intriangle(A)$ is the conjugate of $varphi$‎. ‎Next we show that $A$ is left (right‎, ‎respectively) $varphi$-amenable if and only if‎ ‎$A_{mathbb{C}}$ is left (right‎, ‎respectively) $varphi_{mathbb{C}}$-amenable‎, ‎where $A_{mathbb{C}}$ is a suitable complexification of $ A $ and $varphi_{mathbb{C}}intriangle(A_{mathbb{C}})$ is the induced character by‎ ‎$varphi$ on $A_{mathbb{C}}$‎. ‎In continue‎, ‎we give a hereditary property for 0-amenability of $A$‎. ‎We also study relations between the injectivity of Banach left $A$-modules and right $varphi$-amenability of $A$‎. ‎Finally‎, ‎we characterize the left character amenability of certain real Banach algebras‎.

Ideal Module Amenability of Triangular Banach Algebras

Let A and B be unital Banach algebras and M be an unital Banach A,B-module. In this paper we define the concept of the (n)-ideal module amenability of Banach algebras and investigate the relation between the (2n-1)-ideal module amenability of triangular Banach algebra Τ = [A M B ] (as a Τ = {[α α] : α ∈u}-module) and (2n - 1)-ideal module amenability of A and B (as an u-module), where u is a (not necessarily unital) Banach algebra such that A, B and M are commutative Banach u-bimodules. Finally, in the case that A = B = M = l 1 (S) and u = l 1 (E), for unital and commutative inverse semigroup S with idempotent set E, we show that T as an u-module is (2n - 1)- ideal module amenable while is not module amenable.

$(-1)$-Weak Amenability of Second Dual of Real Banach Algebras

Let $ (A,| cdot |) $ be a real Banach algebra, a complex algebra $ A_mathbb{C} $ be a complexification of $ A $ and $ | | cdot | | $ be an algebra norm on $ A_mathbb{C} $ satisfying a simple condition together with the norm $ | cdot | $ on $ A$. In this paper we first show that $ A^* $ is a real Banach $ A^{**}$-module if and only if $ (A_mathbb{C})^* $ is a complex Banach $ (A_mathbb{C})^{**}$-module. Next we prove that $ A^{**} $ is $ (-1)$-weakly amenable if and only if $ (A_mathbb{C})^{**} $ is $ (-1)$-weakly amenable. Finally, we give some examples of real Banach algebras which their second duals of some them are and of others are not $ (-1)$-weakly amenable.

A new look at the proof of $K$-theoretic amenability for groups acting on trees

A new look at the proof of $K$-theoretic amenability for groups acting on trees

Character association and path analysis in hip rose (Rosa sp.) genotypes collected from North Western Himalayan region of Kashmir

Thirty six genotypes of hip rose (Rosa sp.) collected from different areas of Kashmir valley and studied for nine polygenic characters. These revealed higher PCV than corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for plant height, fruit yield, fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length, pulp content, pulp to seed ratio, TSS and number of seeds. High heritability accompanied by moderate to high genetic gain and GCV were observed for plant height and yield which could be improved by selection in early generations. Fruit diameter (74.2%), fruit length (80.4%), fruit weight (79.9%) exhibited high heritability coupled with moderate GCV and low genetic gain which needs selection over several successive generations following hybridization for their edification. Genotypic correlations were of higher magnitude to the corresponding phenotypic ones, thereby establishing strong inherent relationship among the characters studied. The phenotypic and genotypic associations of fruit diameter was significantly positive with fruit weight (r = 0.337, 0.418), fruit pulp weight (r = 0.429, 0.507), number of seeds per fruit (r = 0.259, 0.0.406) and plant height (r = 384, 0.417). However, fruit length were significantly linked with fruit weight, pulp weight and fruit flesh ratio. Overall path analysis indicated that highest positive direct effect was showed by average fruit weight (6.694) followed by fruit flesh ratio (3.103), number of seeds per fruit (1.201), plant height (0.993), and fruit length (0.426); however, fruit diameter (-0.327), pulp weight (-8.319) and TSS (-0.529) showed negative direct effects on total hips yield which should be considered simultaneously for amenability in rose hips yield in Rosa species. Key words: Character association, Rosa sp., path analysis, North Western Himalayan, Kashmir.

DERIVATIONS ON MATRIX ALGEBRAS WITH APPLICATIONS TO HARMONIC ANALYSIS

In this paper, the derivations between ideals of the Banach algebra $\frak {E}$$_\infty(I)$ are characterized. Necessary and sufficient conditions for weak amenability of Banach algebras $\frak {E}$$_p(I)$, $1\leq p\leq\infty$, are found. Also, some applications to compact groups and hypergroups are given.

Current cell-based strategies for knee cartilage injuries.

Cartilage is frequently damaged and shows little or no capacity for repair. Injuries that extend to the subchondral level show some capacity for repair due to the release of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. This technique is employed in techniques like the microfracture but they are only appropriate for smaller cartilage defects. Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) and Matrix-carried Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (MACI) are currently used in clinical practice to treat larger full thickness chondral defects in the knee with similar results. MACI does however have a number of advantages including its amenability to be performed arthroscopically or through a more limited approach without requiring arthrotomy. More definitive studies showing the long-term effects of the two cell-based treatments and comparing them are however awaited. There are a small number of studies using mesenchymal stem cells and further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed before this treatment is optimised. This review discussed these treatment options and provides an evidence-based approach to current clinical treatments.

The Dixmier problem, lamplighters and Burnside groups

J. Dixmier asked in 1950 whether every non-amenable group admits uniformly bounded representations that cannot be unitarised. We provide such representations upon passing to extensions by abelian groups. This gives a new characterisation of amenability. Furthermore, we deduce that certain Burnside groups are non-unitarisable, answering a question raised by G. Pisier.

Detection of hepatitis B virus YMDD variants using a matrix-assisted laser desorption time of flight mass spectrometric analysis

Objective To investigate the value of detecting hepatitis B virus (HBV) YMDD variants by matrix-assisted laser de-sorption time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Methods The assay is based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifica-tion and mass measurement of oligonucleotides containing sites of mutation of the YMDD motif. Result The MALDI-TOF MS-based genoty-ping assay was sufficiently sensitive to detect as few as 100 copies of HBV genome per milliliter of serum, and this method had superior spe-cificity for determining mixtures of wild-type and variant viruses. When sera of 40 patients were analyzed, the MALDI-TOF MS-based assay correctly identified known viral variants and additional viral quasi-species not detected by previous methods, as well as their'relative abun-dance. Conclusion The sensitivity, specificity and amenability to high-throughput analysis make MALDI-TOF MS-based assay suitable for mass screening of HBV infected patients who are receiving lamivudine. Key words: Hepatitis B virus; Variation(genetic); Spectrum analysis,mass

Understanding Amenability to Treatment in Characterologically Disordered Patients

Understanding Amenability to Treatment in Characterologically Disordered Patients

Improved Technique for Electron Microscope Visualization of Yeast Membrane Structure.

Yeast cells represent a powerful model system in cell biology mainly due to their amenability to genetic manipulations. Increasingly, studies focus on mutant genes resulting in alterations of cellular structures and organelles. To ascertain the phenotypic changes involved, it is often desirable to use the resolving power of electron microscopy. In contrast to higher eukaryotic cells, yeast cells are particularly difficult to preserve mainly due to the presence of a thick cell wall that acts as a barrier against diffusion of fixatives. Although several procedures are targeted to overcome these difficulties, none of them have become established as a standard procedure. As a consequence, electron microscopy is still not used routinely as a tool in yeast cell biology. This prompted us to develop an easy-to-follow protocol for yeast transmission electron microscopy that should be useful in all cases where membrane integrity and organelle morphology is emphasized. One means of making the yeast cytoplasm more attainable to fixation and staining solutions is by enzymatic digestion of the cell wall. Following this approach, we were able to reliably preserve yeast cells and their cellular organelles. Enzymatic treatment with zymolyase 20T to partially remove the yeast cell wall allowed the fixation, preservation, and visualization of the yeast cytoplasm revealing detailed ultrastructure. The advancement of this technique is demonstrated with mitochondria as a model organelle. Our studies on various yeast mutants clearly show the power of the enzymatic digestion technique in visualizing subtle changes of membrane structure and organelle morphology.

Amenability and semisimplicity for second duals of quotients of the Fourier algebraA(G)

AbstractLetF ⊂ Gbe closed andA(F) = A(G)/IF. IfFis a Helson set thenA(F)**is an amenable (semisimple) Banach algebra. Our main result implies the following theorem: LetGbe a locally compact group,F ⊂ Gclosed,a ∈ G. Assume either (a) For some non-discrete closed subgroupH, the interior ofF ∩ aHinaHis non-empty, or (b)R ⊂ G, S ⊂ Ris a symmetric set andaS ⊂ F. ThenA(F)**is a non-amenable non-semisimple Banach algebra. This raises the question: How ‘thin’ canFbe forA(F)**to remain a non-amenable Banach algebra?

Amenability and Right Orderable Groups

Bulletin of the London Mathematical SocietyVolume 25, Issue 4 p. 347-352 Notes and papers Amenability and Right Orderable Groups P. H. Kropholler, P. H. Kropholler School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary and Westfield College, Mile End Road, London El 4NSSearch for more papers by this author P. H. Kropholler, P. H. Kropholler School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary and Westfield College, Mile End Road, London El 4NSSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1993 https://doi.org/10.1112/blms/25.4.347Citations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume25, Issue4July 1993Pages 347-352 RelatedInformation

Parental issues in feeding young children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

This study examined the feeding issues that parents of 11 children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) identified and explored the informational bases or criteria for decisions to initiate, continue, and/or terminate the feeding. An oral feeding by the parents was videotaped and replayed to assist in interviewing the parents regarding the decisions they had made during the feeding. Six types of feeding issues were identified. The smoothness or amenability of the child's feeding behavior was most frequently expressed as important, and about half of the parents mentioned the child's dietary intake as an issue. Most parents consistently tried to maintain the child's eating and to achieve a predetermined amount of nutritional intake. Over half the parents were concerned about adequacy of the child's nutrition, and many were concerned about their child's acceptance of or resistance to food. Parents did not express concern about their child's development but were concerned about their child's somatic growth. Parents' concern about feeding behaviors requires joint problem-solving by nurses and parents. Whether use of decision criteria that refer to the child's behavior rather than a predetermined amount of food is possible for parents and likely to contribute to reduced vomiting and resistive behavior and increased dietary intake needs further study.

On the notion of virtual amenability for groups

On the notion of virtual amenability for groups

Property Γ and Inner Amenability

Property Γ and Inner Amenability

Amenability and equicontinuity

Amenability and equicontinuity