Airports In Indonesia Research Articles

Sustainable Airport Development In Indonesia's Border Areas: Challenges and Future Prospects Case Study of Letung Airport, Regency Anambas Islands Riau Islands Province

The construction of airports in Indonesia's border areas has a strategic role in supporting connectivity and economic development in border areas. This study uses survey methods and interviews from several respondents in the district of Anambas Islands, Riau Islands Province. Several findings related to the challenges and prospects of airport development in the border area have a positive impact on the community on the border, especially in the Riau Islands Where this area is almost 96% consisting of interview data which shows that 90% feel the benefits and 10% provide input for the next development, making the essence of the airport in the border area very much needed. However, the question is still how sustainable the airport development is. Whether it is completed with the operation of an airport or is it still being developed to continue to provide benefits to the community as the main target.

EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN THE NEXUS OF LEADERSHIP AGILITY, PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND READINESS FOR CHANGE

This research aims to explore the multifaceted impact of Industry 4.0 on employee performance through the involvement of leadership agility, perceived organizational support, organizational commitment, and readiness for change in PT Angkasa Pura I - Juanda, the company responsible for overseeing airports in Indonesia. This study employs random sampling with specific inclusion criteria to gather the respondent. The data was collected from 150 employees of PT Angkasa Pura I - Juanda and analyzed using Partial Least Square through SmartPLS. The results show that the leadership agility significantly and positively influences the employee performance, individual readiness for change, and organizational commitment. Further, the perceived organizational support significantly and positively influences the organizational commitment and employee performance. Additionally, both the individual readiness for change and organizational commitment significantly and positively influences the employee performance. These results provide several implications related to the importance of leadership agility, perceived organizational support, organizational commitment, and readiness for change in fostering employee performance.JEL: D23, M12, O15.

Sosialisasi kawasan keselamatan operasi penerbangan di Desa Durian Kecamatan Pantai Labu Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Rules related to aviation operation safety areas (KKOP) authorized by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) must be complied with. The regulations related to the KKOP must involve the community and related government employees to be implemented optimally. This is done to avoid the cause of aircraft accidents in the airport flight area. Therefore, awareness activities related to KKOP rules need to be carried out to the community and relevant local government employees. KKOP socialization in Durian Village which is directly adjacent to Kualanamu International Airport in Deli Serdang has been carried out by Medan Aviation Polytechnic lecturers through community service programs. The airport was chosen because it is the fourth largest airport with an area of 1,650 ha and is among the top 10 busiest airports in Indonesia. KKOP socialization materials include descriptions related to community activities that are contrary to KKOP rules. In addition, the elaboration of binding legal aspects related to KKOP was also conveyed in socialization activities. Thus, the rules related to KKOP are expected to be obeyed by the community around the airport. Topics related to the rights of the community around KKOP were also presented to the community.

Analysis of CO2 Emission Reduction in Aviation Using Mix of 2,4% Biofuel

The activities of flight have an impact on the environment. Combustion from aircraft fuel produces chemical products that have been emitted from the high-speed aircraft engine. Aircraft engines produce emissions that are similar to other emissions resulting from fossil fuel combustion. The transportation sector include land and air transportation produced 22,4 % from all energy sector. To reduce aircraft emissions while maintaining healthy economic growth, the aviation sector needs to reduce the use of fossil jet fuel by using sustainable aviation fuel. The use of biofuel in airplanes does not completely replace the fuel we use today, but gradually starting with a mixture of 10 % or 20 %. Several European countries and China have used biofuels made from waste in each country. Likewise in Indonesia, Pertamina collaborates with ITB, producing aircraft fuel from palm oil. The flight test using a Garuda Boeing 737 aircraft was successful using a mixture of 2.4% biofuel in October 2023. The CO2 emission estimation calculations at three large airports in Indonesia, Soekarno-Hatta International Airport Jakarta, Juanda International Airport Surabaya and Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport Makassar that using aviation fuel and a mix of aviation fuel with 2.4 % biofuel, reduce by 2.83 % - 2.95 %.

Influence of Building Layout and Weather Conditions on Air Traffic Services

I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport is one of the busiest airports in Indonesia that serves a variety of flights, ranging from scheduled, unscheduled, cargo, and military, to recreational flights. All flights are regulated by the Air Traffic Controller which is divided into two units, namely the Aerodrome Control Tower and Approach Control Surveillance. The Aerodrome Control Tower has the responsibility of regulating flight traffic in the "vicinity of aerodrome" area. From the tower, ATC must be able to monitor all movements of flight operations in the area of responsibility. However, at the I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport tower, several things can affect ATC's view in monitoring the movement of flight operations, namely airport buildings that block several parking stands, dark night conditions in the maneuvering area, and extreme weather. Of course, these problems will also affect the performance of ATC in providing flight traffic services. In addition, it can cause doubts in ATC in making decisions for aircraft that are being handled. This research aims to analyze the problem of ATC's limited view in monitoring the movement of flight operations in its area of responsibility. The research method used is qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of observation, literature study, interviews, and documentation. The development of Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System that can monitor the movement of flight operations in various conditions can be one solution to the problem. In addition, the installation of CCTV in several areas that are not visible from the tower can also assist ATC in monitoring the movement of flight operations in the area. The results of this study are expected to assist ATC in monitoring the movement of flight operations both in dark night conditions and extreme weather. The author also hopes that the results of this study can be useful in improving organized and efficient flight traffic services at I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport.

Simplified Spatial Wind Vector Interpolation Method for Airport Runway Orientation Analysis

Runway orientation, guided by windrose analysis is crucial in airport planning as it directly influences aircraft performance and airport capacity. Proper alignment reduces crosswind components during takeoff and landing, ensuring safer operations and increase runway coverage. For a new airport in a location where comprehensive historical wind data is not available, prediction methods become an invaluable tool. To address this issue, this paper proposes a simplified interpolation method to predict wind data at target location based on available data from surrounding climate station readings. This paper validates the proposed method through a comparative analysis of predicted and actual windrose and its subsequent runway coverage at two prominent currently operational Indonesian airports: Soekarno Hatta International Airport in Cengkareng (CGK) and Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport in Ujung Pandang (UPG). Additionally, the study employs the proposed method to determine the optimal runway orientation for a new VVIP airport in Indonesia's new capital city (IKN), Nusantara. The analysis reveals that the proposed interpolation method yields runway heading recommendations closely aligned with those derived from actual wind data, both for the case of CGK and UPG airport. The proposed method recommends optimal runway heading between 03-21 and 08-26 for new VVIP Airport at Nusantara, new capital city of Indonesia (IKN).

Analysis of Implementation Plans for the ACR -PCR System on Flexible Pavement Runways at Utilization Cooperation Airport

ICAO determined that the ACR–PCR system will take effect in July 2020 and be effective in November 2024. It is very important for airports in Indonesia to make adjustments to optimize the use of pavement assets. The research aims to calculate ACR-PCR, compare it with ACN-PCN, evaluating the airside pavement structure of airport through the application of the ACR-PCR system. Case study analysis of calculations with ICAO–ACR1.32 and FAARFIELD2.0. ACN/PCN and ACR/PCR ratios are classified against pavement strength limitation criteria. Evaluation based on the criteria for permanent deformation of the subgrade layer andfatigue cracking of the asphalt layer. Tjilik Riwut airport runway PCR value 542FBXT, Radin Inten II 850FCXT, Fatmawati Soekarno 712FCXT and H. AS. Hanandjoeddin 643FCXT. Comparison of the ACR/PCR and ACN/PCNratiosshows an increase in pavement capacity of 1.4746. Based on the criteria for fatigue cracking of the asphalt layer and permanent deformation of the PCR subgrade layer at Tjilik Riwut airport 668 and 575 FBXT, Radin Inten II 1027 and629FCXT,Fatmawati Soekarno 862 and 629 FCXT, H. AS. Hanandjoeddin 675 and 560 FCXT. The structural pavement capacity of PT Angkasa Pura Indonesia airport has the opportunity to be increased in terms of flight frequency.

ANALISA KEBERSIHAN PANEL SURYA TERHADAP KELUARAN PLTS ON-GRID 200 KWP BANDARA UDARA SULTAN MUHAMMAD SALAHUDIN BIMA

Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima Airport is one of the few airports in Indonesia that has PLTS as a supplier of electrical energy. The existence of PLTS at each airport is a concern for further analysis, so that the potential for electrical energy production from PLTS can be optimal. So the solar module which is the main component of PLTS is very important to pay attention to cleanliness from dirt or dust that can reduce the efficiency and electricity production of PLTS. The measurement of PLTS energy production at Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima Airport before cleaning was 567.56 kWh and after cleaning it was 576.86 kWh. In this measurement, cleaning was carried out on a series of 1 Inveter with a total of 100 solar panels. There is a change in energy production from the measurement results. This condition is due to solar panels that have not been cleaned for 1 year. So that the percentage increase in PLTS energy production at Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Bima Airport is 1.63%.

The Impact of Service Orientation and Airport Service Quality on Passenger Satisfaction and Image: Evidence from Indonesia

Background: Airport service quality and service orientation are important aspects of managing passenger satisfaction and airport image. The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of service orientation and airport service quality on airport image through passenger satisfaction as an intervention variable. Methods: The survey was conducted on 356 passengers at the departure area and lounge. Samples were taken at five major airports in Indonesia, including Soekarno Hatta International Airport. To test the influence of exogenous variables on endogenous variables through intervening variables, a quantitative testing analysis test was carried out using the structural equation model partial least square (SEM-PLS). Result: The research results show that service orientation has a significant and positive effect on airport service quality, passenger satisfaction, and airport image. Moreover, service quality also has a positive effect on passenger satisfaction and the airport’s image. Empirically, passenger satisfaction has been proven to mediate the influence of service quality and service orientation on airport image. It has been proven that airport operators who focus on passengers through service orientation can increase passenger satisfaction and the airport’s image. Conclusions: Focusing on passengers’ needs while at the airport is an important aspect for airport operators who aim to manage their emotions, which encourages passengers to use paid services while in the waiting room. The use of this paid service will directly increase the airport’s aeronautical revenue. Future research needs to consider the influence of image on purchase intention and return to the airport.

Difusi Inovasi DJBC dalam Menerapkan Pelayanan e-CD di Penerbangan Internasional Bandara Kualanamu Medan

Technology that continues to develop has encouraged various agencies and companies to transform towards the digital era, one of which is the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC). The internet-based application Electronic Customs Declaration (e-CD) developed by DJBC, is an information that transforms the Customs Declaration form which was previously filled out manually on paper by international passengers at a number of international airports in Indonesia, one of which is Kualanamu Airport. . This research aims to determine the application and impact of the innovation diffusion of the Customs and Excise Supervision and Services Office (KPPBC) Type Madya Customs B Kualanamu in applying electronic customs declaration services on International Flights at Kualanamu Airport, Medan. The methodology used in this research uses library or literature studies by collecting, reading, evaluating and analyzing various references such as books, journals and other literature that are relevant to the topic of this paper. The results of this research show that the application of e-CD can make the customs process easier on arrival to Indonesia, especially at Medan's Kualanamu Airport, to be more efficient because it no longer uses a piece of paper as was done previously.

THE IMPACT OF CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION ADDITION ON APRON MOVEMENT CONTROL SUPERVISION IN APRON C JUANDA AIRPORT

This Final Project which discusses the impact of Closed Circuit Television Addition on Apron Movement Control Supervision in Apron C Juanda Airport. This is motivated by the limited or almost non-existent number of CCTV cameras in Apron C of Juanda Airport. Juanda Airport is one of the busiest Airports in Indonesia, and with the high volume of flights, the surveillance conducted at the airport needs to be enhanced. Surveillance in a large area like the Apron requires technology to facilitate the activities and CCTV can undoubtedly assist the Apron Movement Control (AMC) in the Airside. However, the current CCTV conditions in Apron C are insufficient to support the supervision adequately. Therefore, there is a need to reconsider the role of CCTV as a supporting facility for supervision in Apron C Juanda Airport. This research employs a quantitative research design using simple regression analysis after instrument testing and prerequisite testing. The research population consists of 40 AMC personnel, and the sampling technique used is consecutive sampling, resulting in a sample size of 3 5 out of 40 AMC personnel. Data collection for this research involves field observations, documentation, and a Google forms-based questionnaire using a likert-scale research instrument, conducted within a predetermined timeframe. The research findings are as follows: (1) There is an impact of the addition of Closed Circuit Television on the Apron Movement Control Supervision at Juanda Airport, (2) There is a 41 % impact of the addition of Closed Circuit Television on the Apron Movement Control supervision at Juanda Airport.

Analisis Konservasi Energi Pada Dinding Kaca Ruang Tunggu Bandara Ahmad Yani Semarang

The implementation of green building principles in building structures in Indonesia has a positive impact on reducing the effects of global climate change. In this regard, several airports in Indonesia have adopted the green building concept. One example of an airport that has been implemented this approach is Ahmad Yani International Airport, located in Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. In this study, an exploratory quantitative approach was used to analyze thermal comfort in buildings using the overall thermal transfer value (OTTV) formula according to SNI 03-6389-2020 guidelines, and utilizing data collected in the field. Furthermore, this study only focuses on the type of glass wall material and certain orientations. Based on the analysis result, it was found that the OTTV value for glass walls reached 54,98 W/m². However, it should be remembered that these result actually exceeds the set standard. However, these result do not actually cover the entire context of OTTV values as a whole, because this study considers one type of material and a certain orientation.

DATA ANALYSIS OF COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT LANDING ON THE RUNWAY AIRPORTS IN INDONESIA

A runway excursion is a runway safety issue in which an aircraft exits the runway improperly. Therefore, we believe it is necessary to conduct a data investigation of commercial airplanes landing at the airport in order to provide criticism, learning, and social control to airlines and air service policymakers in Indonesia so that they can become involved in protecting public transportation users, particularly those using air transportation. This study focuses on the procedural safety of commercial airplanes landing on the runway at airports in Indonesia. The data utilized for landing analysis is historical ADS-B data collected and acquired from the Flightradar24 website in 2019. The approach utilized in this study is exploratory data analysis (EDA), in which we explored the dataset to find trusted data (128 tier-1 data points). The results of this study showed that the aircraft that was the object of research was unlikely to land at the Touch Down Zone (TDZ), while the rest showed that its landing was highly likely outside the TDZ.

Analysis of the Readiness of the Apron Movement Control Unit in the Embarkation and Debarkation Phases of Hajj Flights in 2022 at Adi Soemarmo Boyolali International Airport

In the service of flight activities on the air side, it requires the role and supervision and regulation of air traffic from the Apron Movement Control (AMC) unit. Adi Soemarmo International Airport is one of the hajj embarkation airports in Indonesia, especially in Central Java and Yogyakarta. When there are Hajj flight activities, the airport operation hour will be 24 hours while still dividing work time. In handling haj flights, the AMC unit oversees the movement of haj transport buses from or to planes so that researchers aim to analyze the readiness of the AMC unit in the embarkation and debarkation phases of hajj flights at Adi Soemarmo International Airport in 2022.This research is descriptive using qualitative methods with data collection methods in the form of interviews and documentation. The data obtained were in the form of observations, interviews with AMC unit personnel at Adi Soemarmo International Airport as well as documents used to carry out the pilgrimage activities.The results of this study indicate that from secondary data that analyzes AMC unit documents are follow me car services, aircraft parking placements, special terminals for Hajj flights and Hajj flight schedules, based on standard operation procedure (SOP) data, namely follow me car services placing aircraft parking . hajj flight special terminal and haj flight schedule. The results of the interview with AMC at Adi Soemarmo International Airport will increase the number of human resources due to the division of work time due to the lack of AMC unit workers. During the hajj flights, the operation of Adi Soemarmo International Airport became 24 hours, the airport operating hours changed from 07.00 WIB to 20.00 WIB/last night to 24 hours with the number of AMC unit personnel only 2 to 3 people per shift, both regular flights and during flights pilgrimage. However, this is not a workload for the AMC unit in dealing with haj flights.

The effect of the eruption of mount Hunga-Tonga on density altitude, air pressure and flight operations in eastern Indonesian

There was an eruption of the Hunga Tonga volcano in the Pacific Ocean on January 15, 2022 and produced the phenomenon of Shock Waves in the atmosphere, in addition to sonic booms, and tsunami waves that spread to various parts of the world. Data from the automated weather observing system (AWOS) in several Airports in Indonesia were analyzed to assess the impact of the eruption of Mount Tonga on the Indonesian atmosphere. There are sudden changes in air pressure (QNH) at locations (Airports) including Sorong, Wamena, Ternate, Sumbawa, Biak, Geser, Lombok, Sabu, and Kupang, with a range between 0.6 to 1.9 Mb. These atmospheric waves propagate at a speed of about 1248 km/hour. This drastic change in air pressure is not followed by a significant change in density altitude which affects the effectiveness of the aircraft’s lift, but a sudden change will cause a change in air pressure (QNH) in the altimeter which can cause a change in aircraft altitude. This sudden change has high probability to result in a plane crash due to a stall or undershoot or collision with aircraft.

The Pavement Condition Index Functional Evaluation of Runway Pavement Used Pavement Condition Index (PCI) Method (Case Study : Fatmawati Soekarno Airport Provinsi Bengkulu)

Maintenance of air transportation infrastructure, in the pavement system section at Fatmawati Airport, Bengkulu Province and other airports in Indonesia, must had high performance, safety, security, reliability and sustainability. Routine inspection activities at major airports in Indonesia usually use the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method as a parameter. This journal examines handling costs, handling periods and the minimum based on the reduction in PCI values due to existing traffic loads by building several types of handling scenarios. In addition, it also evaluates the structural performance of the runway pavement. The results of the PCI value analysis show that it is decreasing every year. This decline prediction used forecasting from previously obtained data. For 2016 the PCI value obtained was 89 (satisfactory), 2017 was 83 (satisfactory), and 2018 was 73 (sufficient). Based on the PCI value of 3 years and the growth in aircraft traffic, the impairment can be calculated by modeling the equation. The PCI prediction value in 2019 is 66 (fair), the PCI value in 2020 is 60 (fair), and the PCI value in 2021 is 54 (poor). It can be concluded that the increasing growth of aircraft traffic with routine maintenance will make the PCI value on the runway pavement decrease every year.

The Factors Of The Airport Experience That Affect Passenger Satisfaction And Behavioral Intentions At Yogyakarta International Airport

The airport has undergone a business transformation, from its previous focus solely on providing public facilities to becoming a multi-service provider that prioritizes the comfort of airline passengers by offering various activities, services, processes, and technologies that ultimately create an airport experience for passengers. Airport managers are under increasing pressure to provide desired Airport Experiences in the current competitive environment in order to draw in more travelers and airlines. This study will discuss the concept of airport experience by analyzing the influence of airport experience factors on passenger satisfaction and their intention to revisit, as well as spreading positive word of mouth. This study is planned to use a quantitative approach, with data obtained from primary sources using a questioner. 
 Structure Equation Modelling method was performed to test the research hypothesis. The hypothesis will show if the factors of Airport Experience have positive effects on passenger satisfaction. Further, this passenger satisfaction is associated with their revisit intention and word of mouth. Previous research uses components of airport experience were measured from sociological, psychological, and services marketing perspectives and this research will add service quality dimension in a holistic approach. Based on the analysis about a thorough understanding of the most important aspects of the airport experience, the findings of this research expected to help airport management and marketers create strategies that will increase passengers' satisfaction, revisit intention, and positive word-of-mouth. This research will be held at Yogyakarta International Airport which is the new airport in Indonesia with a capacity of around 20 million passengers, and has not yet achieved the expected passenger target. So, this research is to provide valuable insights to airport management and marketers for developing better strategies to create better airport experience in order to increase passenger’s satisfaction and behavioral intention.

VISUALISASI DAN PREDIKSI KEDATANGAN PENUMPANG NGURAH RAI MENGGUNAKAN METODE HOLT-WINTERS

I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport is one of the airports in Indonesia which is located in Bali which has a large number of passenger arrivals because Bali has many interesting tourist attractions to visit. I Gusti Ngurah Rai international airport data certainly has a large size so that Business Intelligence (BI) technology is needed, namely a dashboard to process this data and gain insight. Forecasting the number of passenger arrivals is also carried out in order to be able to analyze what the number of passenger arrivals would be like in the future. Therefore, in this case the dashboard was made using the prototyping method and data mining with forecasting or forecasting using the Holt-Winters triple exponential smoothing method. The smoothing parameters used are alpha = 0.3, beta = 0.01, and gamma = 0.01 with the MAPE result of 32.04%. With the visualization on the dashboard, it is hoped that it will make it easier for the company that manage the airport to monitor the number of passenger arrivals at I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport so that they are able to make decisions in managing the airport.

THE ROLE OF SELF CHECK-IN FACILITIES AND SERVICE QUALITY ON PASSENGER SATISFACTION AT THE TERMINAL DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT I GUSTI NGURAH RAI

I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport is an airport managed by PT Angkasa Pura I (PERSERO) on the island of Bali. As a province that is known globally as a tourism destination, this makes I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport one of the busiest airports in Indonesia and one of the entry gates for tourists to Bali Island. The research objective in this thesis is to see the Effect of Facilities (X1) and Service Quality (X2) on Passenger Satisfaction (Y) at Domestic Terminal I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport in 2022. To see this problem, the authors use multiple linear regression, coefficient of understanding. multiple, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing.

Analysis Of Business Feasibility Study On Lion Parcel Kabanjahe

This study aims to conduct a business feasibility study analysis on Lion Parcel in Kabanjahe, Karo Regency. Lion Parcel, as a delivery service, has advantages in delivery speed, affordable prices, and wide area coverage. Lion Parcel has built a trusted capital and operational network with the support of aircraft fleets and high flight frequencies from Lion Air Group as transportation capital to almost all airports in Indonesia. The research method used in this study is qualitative method and elaborated with descriptive analysis to evaluate non-financial aspects of business feasibility studies, such as legal/legality, market and marketing, technical and technological, management and human resources, economic and social, and AMDAL aspects. The information data used in this study is primary data through interviews and secondary company data through the Lion Parcel website. The results of this study show that Lion Parcel Kabanjahe's business is feasible in all non-financial aspects of business feasibility studies so that it can continue its operations and needs to be developed.