Air Force Hospital Research Articles

Role of MDCT in Patients with Abdominal Trauma

Objectives: To assess the role of abdominal imaging for precise identification of the injuries for early surgical exploration by using Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) and to assess those patients that can be managed conservatively. Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Pakistan Air Force Hospital Islamabad, November, 2022-November, 2023. Methodology: The study was carried out on 120 cases of abdominal trauma. MDCT scan with contrast was performed after the initial resuscitation and stability of the patients in the emergency room being done by the respective medical and paramedical staff. Results: In clinically stable patients, the use of multi-detector CT as initial triage of abdominal trauma resulted in a reduction in the number of laparotomies by 91% and an increase in number of conservatively managed with a better outcome of around 95% and 92% respectively. Conclusion: The current study assessed and showed the better role of MDCT in evaluation of the blunt trauma patients in early detection and timely surgical exploration. MDCT imaging test helps the clinicians in making an early and right choice of intervention. The high-resolution MPR, MIP, and 3-D volume reconstruction images assisted in displaying complex injuries, increasing diagnostic capacity, accuracy, associated vascular and bony pathologies, and reduced reporting time.

Comparison of open haemoridectomy (Milligan-Morgan) and HAL-RAR in the treatment of grade III and IV haemorrhoids

Background & Objective: Hemorrhoidectomy (HD), either open (Milligan-Morgan) or closed (Ferguson), is the conventional treatment for stages 3 and 4 of the condition. HAL-RAR therapy, a minimally invasive treatment for high-grade hemorrhoids, involves the integration of HAL (hemorrhoidal artery ligation) with a procedure known as mucopexy, which lifts the hemorrhoidal prolapses. The study objective was to compare the efficacy of open hemorrhoidectomy against haemorrhoid artery ligation with recto-anal repair (HAL-RAR). Methods: A comparative randomized controlled trial was conducted at general surgery department of Pakistan Aeronautical Complex Hospital Kamra and Pakistan Air Force Hospital Islamabad between June 2021 and December 2022. Total 30 patients diagnosed with hemorrhoids of grades III–IV were assigned randomly to either HAL-RAR (n=15) or hemorrhoidectomy (n=15). Every procedure was a day surgery performed under spinal anesthesia. After 15 days, 30 days, and 6 months patients were re-evaluated. Patients rated their own pain on a visual analog scale. All the data was analyzed by SPSS v 26. Results: Mean age of the participants was 51.3±6.67 years. HAL-RAR group addressed a greater number of prolapsed hemorrhoidal cushions compared to the hemorrhoidectomy group (2.9 vs 2.02, p = 0.001), and the operation took longer in HAL-RAR group (40 min vs 24 min, p = 0.001). HAL-RAR group had less discomfort in the first 30 days after surgery (p = 0.001). In addition, higher number of patients in HAL-RAR group reported experiencing relief from pain (VAS = 0) after day 7. By day 15, HAL-RAR group had substantially better symptom resolution than the hemorrhoidectomy group. Resolution of bleeding, prolapse, itching, and soiling occurred sooner in HAL-RAR group than in hemorrhoidectomy group during the 30-day follow-up. Conclusion: The symptoms of haemorrhoids are resolved with less discomfort with HAL-RAR than after hemorrhoidectomy, and recovery time is shorter.

Evaluating Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy for Morbid Obesity: A Prospective Follow-Up Study.

Background Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has become a primary option within bariatric surgery (BS), exhibiting favorable outcomes in terms of weight reduction and improvement of associated health conditions. This study was conducted to assess the outcomes of LSG in morbid obesity (MO) in terms of weight reduction and improvement of comorbidities. Materials and methods A prospective follow-up study was conducted from January 2021 to January 2023 at the Department of Surgery, 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee with protocol no. IEC/612/2020, including 25 patients diagnosed with MO (BMI >40kg/m2) who underwent LSG. Patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery to track improvements in comorbidities and weight loss. Pre- and post-operative photos were taken, and any complications during the follow-up period were noted. Results Most participants in the study were middle-aged individuals, and 84% of the cohort had common comorbidities such as hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM). LSG led to significant and sustained weight loss, with patients achieving an average reduction of 31.56 kg by the 12th month following the surgery. Moreover, substantial improvements in comorbidities, particularly HTN (76.9%) and DM (80%), were observed. However, not all comorbidities exhibited similar rates of recovery, highlighting the need for tailored management strategies. Using a correlation test, no significant correlation was found between the percentage over ideal body weight (IBW) and the reduction in excess weight, as indicated by a p-value exceeding 0.05. Conclusion LSG is an effective treatment for severe obesity, delivering significant weight loss and notable improvements in metabolic health and overall quality of life.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Neonates Associated with COVID-19 in Neonatal ICU of a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Neonatal multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-N) is a unique disease of neonates described in several case reports from all over the world with a myriad of presentations and the emergence of new cases. Retrospective case series. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Paediatrics, Fazaia Medical College, Pakistan Air Force Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, from December 2021 to November 2022. The study was conducted on neonates who were managed as MIS-N in the neonatal ICU. Data were collected and analysed on SPSS version 24. Patients in this study ranged from newborns to 13 days of age with a mean age of 3.27 ± 4.29 days and average gestational age of 35.18 ± 3.67 weeks. Among these neonates, 7 (63.6%) had bleeding diathesis, 11 (100%) had seizures, 8 (72.2%) presented with haemodynamic instability and shock, and 7 (63.3%) had signs of heart failure. All neonates (100%) had markedly raised SARS-CoV2 IgG antibodies, CRP, ferritin, D-dimers, interleukin 6, procalcitonin, 10 (90.9%) had hypoalbuminemia, and 7 (63.3%) had deranged coagulation profile. Cardiac involvement was seen in all neonates (100%) with raised proBNP and myocardial dysfunction on echocardiography. Pulmonary hypertension was present in 6 (54.4%) neonates. High mortality was observed at 6 (54.5%) among which 4 (66.6%) were premature neonates. MIS-N is a new disease entity which is still under research. There is a high propensity for cardiovascular system involvement and higher mortality among preterm neonates. Neonatal multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-N), Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), SARS-CoV2 infection, SARS-CoV2 spike protein, SARS-CoV2 IgG antibodies.

Pengaruh Kompetensi PMIK Terhadap Kinerja Petugas Rekam Medis Di Rumah Sakit Angkatan Udara Dr. Esnawan Antariksa

This research was conducted with the aim of determining the influence of PMIK (Medical Recorder and Health Information) professional competence on the performance of medical record officers at the Dr. Air Force Hospital. Esnawan Antariksa. The research method used is quantitative with inferential analysis. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and questionnaires. The sampling technique used a total saturated sampling technique of 14 people. Obtained from 7 PMIK competency standard indicators (Noble Professionalism, Ethics and Legal, Introspection and Personal Development, Effective Communication, Health Data and Information Management, Clinical classification skills, Disease coding and other Health Problems as well as Clinical Procedures, Health Statistics Applications, Basic Epidemiology, and Biomedicine, Management of Medical Records Services and Health Information, there are still 2 indicators in the percentage that are not good, and in the 5 performance indicators of medical record officers (Quality of Work, Quantity of Work, Supervision, Attendance, Conservation) there are still 2 indicators in the percentage not good. It was found that 3 officers had a D-III RMIK education and 11 officers still had a high school education. Based on the results of the T test, it was found that the Sig. value was 275. It could be concluded that there was no influence of PMIK competency on the performance of medical records officers.

Effects of Ward Noise Reduction Administration on Mental Health and Lung Function of Patients with Lung Cancer.

This study aimed to analyze the effects of ward noise reduction administration on the lung function and mental health of patients with lung cancer. A total of 195 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery in PLA Northern Theater Command Air Force Hospital from November 2020 to November 2022 were selected to be divided into a control group (routine nursing) and an observation group (routine nursing and ward noise reduction administration) in accordance with the medical record system. The general demographic data, noise level, lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC)), and complications of patients in the two groups were collected. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the baseline data of the two groups, and t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. After PSM was conducted, 50 patients were enrolled in each group. No statistical difference was found in the baseline data, preadministration noise levels, and FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, state-anxiety inventory (S-AI), and trait anxiety inventory scale (T-AI) scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). After ward noise reduction was administered, the noise level in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group but were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The S-AI and T-AI scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). No differences were found in the complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Administering ward noise reduction in patients with lung cancer can alleviate their negative emotions, thus worthy of clinical adoption.

The Importance of Knowledge, Abilities, and Information Technology and Their Impact on Personnel Performance

The purpose of this study is to examine, either concurrently or partially, the impact of information technology, work discipline knowledge, and abilities on the performance of personnel at Air Force Hospital (RSAU) Dr. Esnawan Antariksa Halim Perdana Kusuma Jakarta. Additionally, the purpose of this study is to determine which of work discipline, knowledge, ability, and information technology have the greatest impact on the performance of personnel at RSAU Dr. Esnawan Antariksa Halim Perdanakusuma Jakarta. The design of the study is explanatory in nature. The research population comprised all forty members of the organization led by the first officer at RSAU, Dr. Esnawan Antariksa Halim Perdana Kusuma Jakarta. Due to the relatively small size of the population, census research was conducted on every member of the first officer staff at RSAU. As the research respondent, Dr. Esnawan Antariksa Halim Perdana Kusuma Jakarta will serve. Hypothesis testing and multiple linear regression are components of the analysis method. The findings of the study indicate that work discipline, knowledge, ability, and information technology have an impact, either simultaneously or partially, on the performance of first officer members at RSAU Dr. Esnawan Antariksa Halim Perdana Kusuma Jakarta. Moreover, this study has established that knowledge predominates over employee performance at RSAU. Kusuma Jakarta's Dr. Esnawan Antariksa Halim Perdana.

Factors Associated with Medication Error Underreporting Among Health Care Professionals in Nigerian Air Force Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria

Medication errors are the commonest form of medical error whereby medications are wrongfully prescribed or used by the patients while in the care of a health professional. Assessing the factors associated with medication error underreporting is a crucial step in identifying and proffering solutions in order to avoid re-occurrence and minimize the unpleasant effect it has on the patient, healthcare professional, facility or the general public. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used to study the factors associated with medication error underreporting. It was carried out among 520 health care professionals comprising of Medical doctors, Pharmacists and Nurses who work in Nigerian Air Force Hospital Ikeja. A semi structured, pre tested questionnaire was randomly distributed to 249 respondents which formed the sample size as calculated using the Slovin’s formular. Findings from this study shows 106 (51.4%) of the respondents which represents more than half strongly agreed that poor working condition was a major factor to under reporting of medication error from the managerial point. Also, 101(49%), 96(46.6%) and 94(45.6%) of the respondents strongly agreed that the other factors included; poor reward system to self-medication reporting, poor utilization of information system to detect and analyze error and unclear channel of communication respectively. Employee factors to medication underreporting recorded was fear of some variables including, litigation (61.2%), criticism (54.4%) and fear of being seen as incompetent (50.5%). It is therefore recommended that management should make it a point of duty to ensure a conducive working environment is created, that employees work under a stress-free environment and that their welfare carted for and importantly ensure that a clear reporting system is put in place which will aid voluntary error reporting.

Occupational Health and Safety Risk Analysis with The Fault Tree Analysis Method

Construction projects are often the most significant contributor to workplace accidents. Many things can happen during construction activities that can cause work accidents. This research aims to identify hazards, find the highest risk that can occur, and determine the primary event using the Fault Tree Analysis Method at Abdurrahman Saleh Air Force Hospital in Malang Regency. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection using questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The questionnaire was distributed to 12 selected respondents based on recommendations from the QHSE Officer. The results of the study were physical, chemical, and psychological hazards. There are 12 low-risk category variables, nine medium-risk, and two high-risk variables. The highest risk variables occurred in the production of rebar &amp; fabrication and plastering work; workers were exposed to electric shock when cutting iron due to high voltage and falling from a height during outdoor plastering work. Basic events are lack of coordination, lack of enthusiasm, lack of motivation, lack of skills, lack of work experience, joking, lack of concentration, fatigue, rushing, lack of OHS members, limited monitoring time, messy work environment, lack of lighting, little workspace, extreme weather, slippery footing, high voltage electricity, tools/machines not functioning correctly, no warning, lack of safety equipment, limited PPE, and workers are not comfortable using PPE

Nursing competencies in aeromedical transport in the Brazilian Air Force: a descriptive study.

To analyze nursing skills in military aeromedical transport of the Brazilian Air Force. Descriptive, qualitative research, carried out in three Brazilian Air Force hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, involving 64 military nurses. Discursive textual analysis identified competencies in healthcare, communication and decision-making. After characterizing participants, it was possible to understand the reality experienced by nursing professionals in air medical transport, highlighting the skills related to healthcare, communication and management, essential in all phases of air medical transport. It was evident that nursing assumes unique skills in caring for airborne patients, using diverse knowledge and experiences in solving problems encountered in the aeromedical work process. The need to implement continuing education strategies was also highlighted. The findings serve as support for professionals and managers to identify gaps in knowledge, performance and management of professional schedules in aeromedical transport.

Direct hydrogen peroxide MRI fistulography versus indirect (intravenous) MRI fistulography in patients with perianal fistula

BackgroundPerianal fistula is a rather common disease; its symptoms range from mild to severe, impairing anal continence; accurate preoperative evaluation avoids recurrence following surgical procedures.Aim of workOur study examined the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging with direct percutaneous instillation of hydrogen peroxide mixed with gadolinium (direct fistulography) in comparison to intravenous gadolinium contrast-enhanced study (indirect fistulography).MethodsThis prospective study was conducted on patients referred to Airforce hospital radiology department and were diagnosed with perianal fistula, Direct and indirect MR fistulography were performed using a 1.5T MRI scanner. The type of fistulae, internal openings, secondary branches, and abscesses were compared to surgical findings.ResultsOur study included 35 male patients. Both direct and indirect methods detected primary tracts with 97.1% sensitivity and accuracy rates of 91.9% and 89.2%, respectively. The direct method was superior in detecting secondary branches and internal openings with accuracy rates of 97.37% and 93.3%, respectively, compared to 86.8% and 86.6% for the indirect method, while the indirect method was superior in detecting abscess collections with 100% accuracy rate compared to 89.2% accuracy rate for the direct method. None of the patients reported fever or bleeding after the procedure.ConclusionsBoth direct and indirect fistulography showed comparable abilities in detecting primary fistulous tracts. However, the direct fistulography was superior in detecting internal openings and secondary tracts particularly in chronic cases, whereas indirect Fistulography was superior in detecting abscess collections. Incorporating both methods into our routine could thus improve the efficacy of surgical procedures.

Factors associated with birth asphyxia among neonates in India

It is of interest to identify the factors associated with birth asphyxia. Data shows that the neonates delivered from January to December, 2022 in the neonatal ward of the 7 Airforce Hospital, Kanpur, India, had a rate of birth asphyxia of 5.6 per 1000 births. Data further shows that maternal age of 24-30 years, primigravida mothers, POG of 37-41weeks and foetal distress are associated factors in birth asphyxia. These risks can be diminished if women receive adequate care in the labor room, such as early treatments and close monitoring of the foetal heart.

The Effect of Interpersonal Communication of Outpatient Registration Officers on Patient Satisfaction at dr. Esnawan Antariksa Air Force Hospital

Interpersonal communication is a need and ability that health workers must have so that patients feel happy with the services provided. The research was conducted with a focus on outpatients because researchers wanted to know the effect of interpersonal communication of outpatient registration officers on patient satisfaction. The research method uses inferential analysis with a quantitative approach. Statistical test using Chi-square test. The sampling method used in this research is accidental sampling. Based on the research results, the description of interpersonal communication of officers who are categorized as poor interpersonal communication is 36 (51.4%), officers who are categorized as good interpersonal communication are 34 (48.6%). The description of the satisfaction of patients who are categorized as dissatisfied is 36 (51.4%), the satisfaction of patients who are categorized as satisfied is 34 (48.6%) and there is an influence between the interpersonal communication of registration officers and patient satisfaction at dr. Esnawan Antariksa Air Force Hospital found that the p-value was 0.000 &lt; 0.05. By calculation, the odds ratio obtained a value of 15.98, meaning that interpersonal communication has a 15 times risk factor for patient satisfaction at dr. Esnawan Antariksa Air Force Hospital. In conclusion, there is an effect between interpersonal communication of outpatient registration officers and patient satisfaction at dr. Esnawan Antariksa Air Force Hospital.

Comparison of Metformin and Orlistat in Anovulatory, Overweight and Obese Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Metformin and Orlistat in improving ovulation and reducing body mass index in anovulatory, overweight and obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.&#x0D; Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, Pakistan Air Force Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, Sep 2020 to Apr 2022.&#x0D; Methodology: Eighty women having polycystic ovarian syndrome with anovulation and body mass index ≥25 were randomized to receive either Metformin (n=40) or Orlistat (n=40). Patients in Group-A received Metformin 500 mg thrice daily; Group-B received Orlistat 120mg twice daily for three months. Patients were also given dietary and lifestyle advice. Ovulatory status and body mass index were measured at baseline and after three months of treatment.&#x0D; Results: Mean age of women was 26.9±5.1 years, and mean BMI was 29.9±2.57 Kg/m2. Ovulation was restored in 10 women (25%) in Group A and 12 women (30%) in Group B (p0.617). Compared to the baseline, women in both groups significantly reduced their BMI (p˂0.001). However, the difference in the change in BMI of both Groups was not statistically significant (p0.668). 26 women (65%) on Metformin experienced gastrointestinal side effects as compared to 11(27.5%) on Orlistat (p=0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: Metformin and Orlistat have equal efficacy in improving ovulation and reducing body mass index in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome having anovulation and body mass index ≥25.

COMPLICATIONS OF PLASMAPHERESIS IN COVID-19 PATIENTS AT PAF HOSPITAL MUSHAF

Background: Plasmapheresis is a method of blood purification in which blood plasma and components are removed and treated from blood circulation. With advances in treatment of COVID-19, plasma exchange was found effective against disease complicated by cytokine storm syndrome. Plasmapheresis was started in our setup in January 2021. Study was conducted to observe adverse events related to procedure. Material and Methods: A hospital based descriptive case series was conducted from January 2021 to June 2021, in Pakistan Air Force Hospital Mushaf, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Adverse events like hypocalcemia, hypotension and cardiac arrest were observed in 44 plasmapheresis sessions. Data was collected by generating a proforma and was analyzed by using IBM SPSS. v.24. Results: Data from our study revealed that complications were seen in 25% of plasmapheresis sessions with most of the complications being minor and easy to manage and fatal events in 0.04% cases only. Complication during maintenance of Intra Venous line was seen in only one session, during procedure in 2 sessions and after procedure in 8 sessions. The only complication related to maintenance of Intra Venous access was atrial fibrillation in a single case [1]. Complications seen during procedure included hypotension in 1 session and cardiac arrest in one. Adverse events seen after plasmapheresis were apprehension &amp; palpitation in one case, drowsiness in one, drowsiness and Surgical Emphysema at Intra Venous access site in one, Hypocalcemia in three, Hypocalcemia with drowsiness in one and Hypomagnesemia in one case. Conclusion: After interpretation of analysis and reviewing literature, it was seen that plasmapheresis is a safe procedure if it is used with caution and professional expertise. Key Words: Plasmapheresis, Cytokine Storm, Adverse Effects, Complications, COVID-19

SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN INDONESIA MILITARY HOSPITAL

Background: In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, one of the social protections in Indonesia that still requires special attention is the protection of public health. Aims: This study aims to analyze the principles of social protection in the Social Security Agency for Health (BPJS Kesehatan) and the implementation of inclusive health services in Indonesia Military Hospital. Methods: This study used a qualitative approach by conducting in-depth interviews and made direct observations for one month by observing the processes and phenomena that occurred at the dr. Esnawan Antariksa Air Force Hospital as a case study. Results: The root cause of social exclusion in health services in military institutions was an aspect of the inherent hierarchy that caused exclusion in the income dimension triggered by socioeconomic level, status, and background of patients so that patients did not get the same rights in obtaining health services. Conclusion: Implementing social protection through BPJS Kesehatan in military-based hospitals caused patients with specific groups to experience layered exclusion. Patients who wanted to receive healthcare at military hospitals had differences in the stages of receiving them. However, the quality of medical services doctors and other health workers provided were not discriminatory. Keywords: BPJS kesehatan, health services, military hospital, social exclusion, social protection

SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN INDONESIA MILITARY HOSPITAL

Background: In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, one of the social protections in Indonesia that still requires special attention is the protection of public health. Aims: This study aims to analyze the principles of social protection in the Social Security Agency for Health (BPJS Kesehatan) and the implementation of inclusive health services in Indonesia Military Hospital. Methods: This study used a qualitative approach by conducting in-depth interviews and made direct observations for one month by observing the processes and phenomena that occurred at the dr. Esnawan Antariksa Air Force Hospital as a case study. Results: The root cause of social exclusion in health services in military institutions was an aspect of the inherent hierarchy that caused exclusion in the income dimension triggered by socioeconomic level, status, and background of patients so that patients did not get the same rights in obtaining health services. Conclusion: Implementing social protection through BPJS Kesehatan in military-based hospitals caused patients with specific groups to experience layered exclusion. Patients who wanted to receive healthcare at military hospitals had differences in the stages of receiving them. However, the quality of medical services doctors and other health workers provided were not discriminatory. Keywords: BPJS kesehatan, health services, military hospital, social exclusion, social protection

Cognitive Development in Bottle Versus Breastfed Children up to Two Years: A Comparative Study from Islamabad

Objectives: To evaluate the proportion of exclusively breastfeeding and to determine the association of various types of feeding with cognitive development in children up to two years of age.&#x0D; Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Outpatient Department of Pediatrics, Pakistan Air Force Hospital, Islamabad Pakistan, from Jan to Aug 2019.&#x0D; Methodology: Mothers of children under two years of age visiting the hospital were recruited by systematic sampling. The data was collected through interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. A score of each child has dichotomized into satisfactory and unsatisfactory cognitive development overall and separately for each domain viz communication, fine motor, gross motor, problem-solving and personal social skills.&#x0D; Results: Out of 192 children, less than half, 77(40.1), were exclusively breastfed. Feeding practices had a statistically significant effect on overall cognitive development (p&lt;0.002) and also individually on communication (p&lt;0.006), fine motor (p&lt;0.022), gross motor (p&lt;0.001) and problem-solving skills (p&lt;0.011) of children under two years of age. Exclusive breastfeeding showed better cognitive development (p&lt;0.003).&#x0D; Conclusion: Promoting breastfeeding practices is necessary as it leads to better children's cognitive development. This research revealed that the longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding was a more satisfactory cognitive development.Keywords: Breastfeeding, Cognitive development, Feeding practices.

A retrospective study on newborn screening for metabolic disorders.

The process of testing newborn infants for hormonal, genetic, metabolic, and other disorders is known as newborn screening (NSB). Newborn screening is essential for detecting, diagnosing, and treating disorders that could save serious consequences for a newborn's health. Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH), Cystic Fibrosis (CF), Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, and Profound Biotinidase deficiency (BD) are common disorders in India. A retrospective analysis of the results of NBS by Cord blood spots was performed at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 7 Airforce Hospital, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, from June 2022 to September 2022. During this period, 26 newborns were screened for four disorders, including CH, CF, G6PD deficiency, and BD. In this investigation, no cases of CH, CF, G6PD deficiency, or BD were found to be positive. The results of the current data provide a distinct opportunity to investigate the birth prevalence of inborn metabolic disorders in the area close to the city of Kanpur.

Efficacy and Safety of Intense Pulsed Light in Patients of Inflammatory Acne Vulgaris

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of IPL in patients with inflammatory Acne Vulgaris.&#x0D; Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Department of Dermatology, Pakistan Air Force Hospital, Fazaia Medical College, Islamabad Pakistan, from Aug 2019 to Jan 2020.&#x0D; Methodology: Ninety patients with inflammatory facial acne were enrolled and received four Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) sessions at two weeks intervals with fluence 25J/cm2 and 420nm cut-off filter. The duration of treatment for each patient was two months. Clinical improvement was assessed using the Global Acne Grading System score (GAGs score).&#x0D; Results: Mean age of the patients was 18.5±3.3years, of which nine were males (10%), and 81 were females (90%). IPL was effective in 42(46.7%) patients with inflammatory acne vulgaris. The median GAGS score before treatment was 20(22–19), and after treatment was 10(12-9), with a significant p-value(&lt;0.001). Only 8(9%) developed erythema, and 1(1%) patient developed post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.&#x0D; Conclusions: Intense Pulsed Light was a significantly effective and safe treatment for inflammatory acne of all grades, ages,and genders.Keywords: Efficacy, Inflammatory acne vulgaris, Intense pulsed light, Safety, Treatment.