Agricultural Machinery Industry Research Articles

The Digital Transformation Path of Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing Industry from the Perspective of Smart Agriculture

The Digital Transformation Path of Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing Industry from the Perspective of Smart Agriculture

Time Series Analysis for Tractor Sales using SARIMAX and Deep Learning Models

Time series forecasting is known for playing vital role in many industries to make important decisions and strategies. This study concentrates on providing accurate insights that can help manufactures and stakeholders of agriculture machinery industry on future sales of tractors by applying both traditional and deep learning models like SARIMAX which is extension of SARIMA and deep learning models. Research starts by observing history data which include years of tractor sales then preprocess the data to find its quality and stationarity further applying SARIMAX model to find trends and seasons and cycles in the data and this model is evaluated by famous metrics like Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE).Deep learning models like Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM, CNN LSTM Encoder Decoder, Convolutional Neural networks (CNN). They can help in enhancing the forecasting accuracy by handling all the non-linear relationships and their dependencies in the timeseries and this study will provide comparative analysis of deep learning models and SARIMAX model. Where SARIMAX outperformed the deep learning models with RMSE score 0.01 and provide forecast of next year’s tractor sales using SARIMAX model from the study and use q-q plot, residual plots and ACF and PACF graphs to make sure forecast was done accurately.

РОБОТИЗАЦИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ТЕХНИКИ

Increasing labor productivity at agricultural engineering enterprises in modern conditions is impossible without the use of robots, which should replace human labor in technological operations with dangerous and harmful production processes. (Research purpose) The research purpose is evaluating the use of robotics by enterprises of the agricultural machinery industry in the production. (Materials and methods) Conducted an assessment of the use of robotics tools when visiting enterprises in the agricultural engineering industry. (Results and discussion) It has been established that for a sustainable presence and strengthening of their positions in the market, companies producing agricultural machinery are increasing the volume of research and development work on the designs and production technologies of modern machines. It was noted that an increase in labor productivity in modern conditions is impossible without the use of robots, which are designed to replace human labor at work with harmful and dangerous production factors in procurement, when cleaning blanks, with thermal and physical methods of surface treatment of products made of various materials, when painting, as well as in order to reduce defects. It was determined that the use of robotization tools by enterprises of the agricultural machinery industry does not exceed three percent of the total volume of technological operations performed. Robotics tools are used mainly in welding operations. Loading and unloading, replacement of working tools on numerically controlled machines, as well as many other technological operations remain practically not covered. (Conclusions) The conducted studies have shown that machine-building companies have large reserves for using robotics tools in performing technological operations in order to reduce production costs and increase labor productivity. As measures to support the introduction of robots into production, grants are allocated by the Russian Digital Economy and Skolkovo foundations, preferential loans through the industrial development Fund "Digitalization of Industry".

Measurement and diagnostic system for detecting and classifying faults in the rotary hay tedder using multilayer perceptron neural networks

The implementation of preventive maintenance measures, which aim to assure the optimal performance of rotary machines and minimize the occurrence of substantial damage, has gained significant importance in the agricultural machinery industry. As part of this work, several measurements and computations were conducted to develop effective methods for detecting and classifying machine damages based on raw measurement data from accelerometers acquired both in the laboratory and real-life conditions. For this purpose a rotary hay tedder was equipped with a self-developed measuring and diagnostic system. The hardware and network communication components of this system were described. Machine learning methods were applied and the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural-network based models were created. The diagnostic models were made using different machine learning algorithms with 90 different configurations of neural-networks in total, including 30 different hidden layer arrangements and three activation functions (relu, softmax and sigmoid). Several learning scenarios were considered in order to determine and to distinguish between a healthy state and a machine failure, such as a missing or broken tedder tine. Based on laboratory experiments and meadow tests, 20 best metrics were selected for the input feature vector. When conducting laboratory and on-site tests, the best efficiency was achieved for the multi-layer perceptron neural-network architecture with two hidden layers (size of 20 and 20) and the relu activation function, and the Adam optimizer. Accuracy, as the ratio of correct predictions to total predictions made, for different diagnostic models was estimated. The confusion matrices were given to present the results for 10 rotors. Data efficiency for different diagnostic models and hyperparameters was also presented. For tests on the meadow, the average accuracy was 79% for detecting a missing tine, and 69% for detecting a tine failure (a missing or broken tine). In the case of the laboratory-based experimental results, the average accuracy for detecting a broken tine in the rotor was 92.5%. Therefore, based on the results, the proposed approach can be used for rotary hay tedder fault diagnosis.

Enhancing Predictive Accuracy in European Agricultural Tractor Residual Value Estimation: A Double Square Root Regression Reappraisal

Determining the residual value of tractors is imperative for comprehensive cost analyses within the agricultural machinery sector. Despite numerous studies offering various models and independent variables, the double square root regression approach, originally developed by Cross and Perry and adapted by ASABE for North American contexts, has been widely utilized. However, factors such as the complexity of OEM portfolios, steep price increases due to compliance with diesel emission regulations, and limited data availability in Europe and its market specificities necessitate improvements in predictive accuracy. This study evaluates different tractor cohort alternatives beyond engine horsepower to enhance predictive robustness. Incorporating brand and powertrain type alongside engine power significantly improved model performance and exhibited the strongest robustness, as evidenced by reduced the root mean square error (RMSE) and increased R-squared values. These findings contribute to the refinement of tractor residual value estimation models, offering valuable insights for stakeholders in the agricultural machinery industry.

Оценка технико-технологической составляющей сельского хозяйства: методологические подходы разработки

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the need for an assessment of the technical and technological component of agriculture, as well as the development of methodological approaches to its implementation. Methods. To achieve the goal of the study, such methods of scientific cognition as monographic, abstract-logical, institutional, analysis and synthesis, generalization of data were used. The information and theoretical and methodological base was made up of normative legal acts and strategic programs for the development of the industry, the works of domestic and foreign scientists and economists. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research consists in substantiating the need to assess the technical and technological component of the agricultural sector of the country as a basis for the development of state projects and programs for the modernization of the industry in the transition to a new technological order. Methodological approaches are proposed for assessing the level of technical and technological development of the industry at three levels: federal, regional and the level of an economic entity. Results. The article substantiates the need to assess the technical and technological components of agriculture. The current state of the agricultural machinery industry, the main results of its work in recent years are analyzed. In order to identify problem areas and potential growth points of domestic agricultural machinery, its SWOT analysis has been compiled. It is noted that the modern Russian agricultural sector has a high dependence on imported machinery and equipment. To ensure the ability of the domestic agricultural machinery industry to replace imported supplies of machinery in the shortest possible time, it is necessary to expand and improve state support. In order to work out the most effective working directions and tools of state support in a particular region, a reliable assessment of the level of technical and technological development of the agricultural sector is necessary.

Identification and evaluation of the evolution stage of the agricultural machinery industry cluster in Shandong Province

AbstractAgricultural machinery industry clusters have great potential to solve key technological problems in China, and it is crucial to accurately identify the stage of cluster evolution. Based on the location entropy method, this paper finds that the location quotient coefficient is greater than 1.2 and the average annual growth rate is 1.11%, which indicates that the agricultural machinery industry in Shandong Province has a high degree of agglomeration, but the agglomeration speed is slow. Using the Groundings agglomeration—Economic network—Social network—Service system model, it is found that the agricultural machinery industry cluster in Shandong province is in the growth stage, in which the service system has the most significant influence on its development level. The weights of service system, social network, economic network, and basic resource aggregation derived from the Analytic Hierarchy Process model are 0.410, 0.321, 0.151, and 0.118, respectively, where agglomeration degree of the agricultural machinery industry, raw material production of agricultural machinery enterprises, exchange of tacit knowledge and intermediary service level are the four indicators with the greatest weights in the influences on sustainable development of the agricultural machinery industry. Because of the strong fuzzy nature between the indicators, this paper applies the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method to quantify the stage of evolution of Shandong Province's agricultural machinery industry cluster.

Agricultural Implement Industry Using WPM Method

Agricultural implements are agricultural Human labor in activities that Reduce field crop yield Tools that can be used to improve is reapers, Traction, disc harrows, Cultivators, seed drills, Harrows, Spades, Baggage, Plows, and other agricultural Tools are very common. In Modern Agricultural Practices Agricultural implements play an important role play These are commercial and Widespread in organic farming are used. This Tools are for sowing, field preparation, Planting, threshing, and irrigation and are used for harvesting. Agricultural machinery industry or Agricultural engineering is a profession as part of the industry, it is in agriculture or other agriculture used tractors, Agricultural machinery and Manufacturing agricultural implements maintain. This branch is mechanically Considered part of the profession.Agricultural implements are agricultural to carry out procedures The necessary tools are: In today's farming operations Many agricultural implements are used. Agriculture means crops and livestock Production, Aquaculture, Aquaculture and food and food Forests for non-food products Includes. Seated man Agriculture at the Rise of Civilization A major development was Raised by this Cultivation of species is food Generated surpluses, which helped people live in cities. Humans are at least 105,000 grains years ago Although started to collect, New farmers are about 11,500 years ago They started planting. Sheep Goats, pigs, and cattle About 10,000 years ago were raised. World's lowest Plants are native to 11 regions and Cultivated as fodder. twentieth in century, large-scale Based on monocultures Industrial agriculture with dominated agricultural production.The weighted product method is a multi-criteria decision-making process is there are many alternatives, and based on several criteria we must determine the best alternative.DuPont India, Rallis India Limited, Nuziveedu Seeds Limited, Lemken India Agro Equipments Private Limited, Advanta Limited.Technical capability, Product quality capability, Delivery capability, Financial/cost capability from the result, it is seen that Lemken India Agro Equipments Private Limited is got the first rank where as Nuziveedu Seeds Limited is having the lowest rank

Production as a link in the market of agricultural machinery for crop farming in Ukraine

The production of agricultural machinery and equipment in Ukraine is one of the main sources of supplying the market with resources and facilities for agricultural production, but as of 2023, it does not fully meet its needs. According to the relevance of the subject matter, the purpose of the study was to investigate the trends in the development of the agricultural engineering industry in Ukraine in dynamics, the impact of military operations on it, and to work out effective ways to overcome their negative consequences. The following methods were used: dialectical, statistical and economic, graphical, index, correlation and regression analysis, empirical, comparative analysis, analytical forecasting, abstract logical, etc. The principles of regional placement of agricultural engineering enterprises are defined, depending on the availability of raw materials, energy and labour resources. The structure of enterprises in the industry by category is determined – most of them are small enterprises (85.8-91.5%), but the majority are employed by medium-sized enterprises (59.1-79.3%). Due to military operations, the number of active enterprises in the industry has decreased by about 30 units. The trend of reducing the production of tractors, combine harvesters, and some types of tillage machines in Ukraine and the reasons for its occurrence are revealed. The prospects of production of sowing equipment in Ukraine are substantiated. The index of identified comparative advantages of different countries by individual types of machinery is analysed, and it is found that in Ukraine only tillage machinery has a high level of advantages – 1.802 and has optimistic prospects for development. The paper defines a close correlation between the export and production of tractors in Ukraine in 2010-2021 (the corresponding correlation coefficient – 0.8982). Problems that hinder the development of the agricultural machinery industry are identified: inflation, disruption of logistics links and loss of suppliers, high prices for energy resources, etc. Recommendations for overcoming them are proposed: creating favourable investment conditions; implementing protectionist customs and tax policies for industry enterprises; evacuating them from the war zone. The proposed measures will contribute to the restoration, preservation, and progressive innovative development of the potential of agricultural engineering un Ukraine

The “Tractors and Agricultural Machinery” journal is included in Scopus data base

On July 12, 2023, a festal occasion happened, as our journal, Tractors and Agricultural Machinery, has been accepted for listing in the Scopus international scientometric database.
 Being included in the Scopus is a result of multiyear work of the journals staff on increasing the quality of published materials, attracting authors with high citation index, broadening the journal audience. We highly appreciate the trust of authors and readers who mainly define the journals success. Including in Scopus gives new opportunities for development of the Tractors and Agricultural Machinery as leading peer-reviewed journal of tractor and agricultural machinery industry and RD.
 Tractors and Agricultural Machinery is the oldest scientific and technical journal in its field. It was founded in 1930 as print media of Ministry of Tractor and Agricultural Engineering of the USSR. Today it continues to cover relevant issues of development, manufacturing and operation of tractors, combine harvesters and other agricultural machinery in its 90th volume.

Community based asian agrifuture: how it can be achieved

Asia is one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world, however the quality control of agricultural food products should be severely and strictly managed from the view point of food security and safety due to the increase of food feeding demand to cover the drastic and rapidly increase of world human population in recent years. In this paper the current status of Asian agriculture is overviewed first, then the Asian agrifuture is discussed and proposed from the community-based viewpoint how it should / can be promoted and achieved. The author helped to organized and hold the workshop on precision agriculture and agricultural machinery industry for Thailand 4.0 based on the request of NSTDA, National Science & Technology Development Agency) in 2017, however, it seems that no progress has been made without being talked about. However, knowing what the current situation is now going is really important for predicting the future of Asian agriculture, so the author added some findings from his own point of view.

Determinants of eco-innovation in the agricultural machinery sector: the case of small and medium enterprises in the Piedmont region (Italy)

The agricultural machinery industry can significantly contribute to a more sustainable farming system through the development of eco-innovative products and production processes. This is particularly true for small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which represent a significant share of this market. This study investigated the determinants of attitudes towards eco-innovating products and processes in a sample of small and medium agricultural machinery manufacturers (N = 47) from the Piedmont region (North–West Italy), analysing the role of enterprise’s characteristics, perceived drivers and barriers, and environmental concern. Overall, product eco-innovation was considered important/very important for their firms by 88.3% of the respondents, whereas process eco-innovation by 67.7%. The regression analyses showed that the availability of a formal and hierarchical structure dedicated to Research and Development and of financial support were significantly associated (β = 0.301, p = .032 and β = 0.406, p = .011, respectively) to positive attitudes towards eco-innovating production processes, whereas the lack of know-how was the main obstacle to both product and process eco-innovativeness (β = − 0.564, p = .000 and β= − 0.397, p = .008, respectively). Environmental concern did not show any significant association with firms’ perceived importance to eco-innovate either products (β = 0.097, p = .475) or processes (β = 0.248, p = .087). Implications for the development of interventions aiming at fostering positive attitudes towards eco-innovation among the targeted enterprises are discussed.

Application of digital design technology in the design of intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment

Abstract Today, China has become the world’s largest agricultural machinery and equipment countries and the use of countries, agricultural machinery industry for more than a decade to maintain high growth, along with three revolutionary changes in agricultural technology, has initially ushered in the development of artificial intelligence stage. At present, relative to the weak foundation of China’s agricultural machinery standardization work and the requirements of high integration of technology and multidisciplinary integration of artificial intelligence, there are bottlenecks that constrain the problem. This paper makes a directional discussion on the direction of standardization breakthrough through the analysis of digital design technology and typical applications at home and abroad, the analysis of standard transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and the analysis of current problems. Aiming at technical standards development, implementation, and improvement to promote technological innovation, application, and improvement of intelligent manufacturing of agricultural machinery products. So that scientific and technological innovation continues to enhance the level of technical standards, technical standards continue to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Technical standards and intelligent agricultural machinery lend each other in international competition and become a strategic means to participate in international cooperation and competition. Accelerate the transformation of the old and new dynamics of the agricultural mechanization industry, and realize the standardization and internationalization of the intelligent agricultural mechanization industry.

An Empirical Study on the Willingness to Adopt E-commerce of Agricultural Machinery Parts Operators Under the Background of "Internet +"

The e-commerce of agricultural machinery components can help the rapid development of the agricultural machinery industry and accelerate the implementation of rural revitalization strategies. The study selected the small and micro enterprises in Pangkou Auto Agricultural Machinery Parts City, Gaotang County, as the research subjects, and conducted an empirical analysis on the adoption willingness of e-commerce operators of agricultural machinery parts in Pangkou Auto Agricultural Machinery Parts City by building an economic model. The results showed that the accuracy of the economic model's prediction reached 76%, and the value of Nagelerke R2 reached 0.580, indicating that the model has a good fitting effect as a whole, it has a good explanatory effect and statistical significance for the dependent variable. The results show that age has become a protective factor for the e-commerce willingness of agricultural machinery component operators, while other factors have a relatively weak effect on the e-commerce operation of hospitals. The research provided a specific explanation of the results and summarized the construction of a complete network system to improve the level of after-sales service; strengthen digital empowering retail and implement an e-commerce+live streaming marketing model; improve e-commerce capabilities and break down barriers to information exchange; strengthen financial policy support and a series of countermeasures to expand the e-commerce operation of agricultural machinery parts.

The industry of agricultural engineering in the period of modernization of the economy

The purpose of the study is to analyze the agricultural machinery industry in Russia and its main flagship, Rostselmash Combine Plant LLC, during the modernization of the economy. The article reveals the main problems leading to the reduction of the industry, among which are unequal conditions of competition in the domestic market between domestic and foreign producers, and insufficient elaboration of subsidy issues. The main reasons for the low effective demand for agricultural machinery in the domestic Russian market are considered. The description of the economic scheme of commercial leasing of agricultural machinery operating in the territory of the Russian Federation is given. Some shortcomings of this scheme are revealed. The article raises the issues of monetary deficit in the industry, which leads to insufficient financing of investments in expanded reproduction of enterprises. A mechanism for reimbursement of the interest rate on credit resources is proposed. The article also reflects the method of decomposition of business goals by processes with the allocation of a responsible person and a goal for each business process. This decomposition involves the allocation of the following functional areas of management: personnel, finance, infrastructure and production environment, marketing, product design and development, technological preparation of production, procurement, production, measurement and monitoring of products, sales and service.

A dinâmica da indústria brasileira de máquinas agrícolas diante da desnacionalização e desindustrialização1

Este artigo discute a evolução do segmento de máquinas agrícolas, especificamente tratores e colheitadeiras, através de referencial teórico, dados oficiais e corporativos, no contexto brasileiro de industrialização da agricultura, em meio à mundialização do capitalismo. Apresenta concepções acerca do desenvolvimento nacional no espaço-mundo, destacando entraves históricos e contemporâneos, bem como notáveis projetos nacionais do segmento industrial, dificultados e descontinuados. Enfatiza a oligopolização estrangeira do setor diante do processo de desindustrialização precoce e desnacionalização de empresas, refletindo a ocupação estrangeira do mercado nacional e aspectos prejudiciais ao desenvolvimento pleno da agropecuária e da economia nacional.

Application of Modern Multimedia and Sensing Technology in Fault Detection and Diagnosis of Hydraulic Agricultural Machinery

In order to solve the problem of fault diagnosis of agricultural machinery hydraulic system, the authors propose an application of modern multimedia and sensing technology in fault detection and diagnosis of hydraulic agricultural machinery. By analyzing the component faults and system faults of the hydraulic system of agricultural machinery, an expert system for fault diagnosis is constructed, and a knowledge base and inference engine suitable for fault diagnosis of the hydraulic system of agricultural machinery are designed. In order to further improve the diagnostic accuracy of the fault diagnosis expert system, a fault diagnosis based on sparse coding is designed, and the sparse coding fault diagnosis results are integrated with the expert system to improve the diagnostic accuracy. The experimental results show that after sparse coding fusion, the fault diagnosis accuracy can be improved to more than 91%. In conclusion, the model meets the requirements of fault diagnosis and puts forward a new idea for the fault diagnosis of agricultural machinery hydraulic system. Make the agricultural machinery and equipment industry develop healthily.

A conceptual model to support sustainable Product-Service System implementation in the Brazilian agricultural machinery industry

Many studies demonstrate the potential contribution of the Product-Service System (PSS) to the development of sustainable management practices and Circular Economy (CE). However, companies face challenges when implementing PSS, and few studies examine how the manufacturing industry can develop sustainable offerings by adopting product-oriented PSS, especially in the agricultural machinery industry. Thus, we investigated how this industry perceives environmental sustainability and product-oriented PSS, and we identified practices that can be implemented to qualify the life cycle management of their products. Based on that, we proposed a conceptual model for implementing product-oriented PSS in the agricultural machinery sector. An exploratory research was carried out in two steps: a systematic literature review complemented by multiple case studies. We list the possibilities of product-oriented PSS services that can be offered for traditional industries to guide their business towards sustainable practices. In parallel, we have identified good practices and benefits of adopting product-oriented PSS. Subsequently, we conducted a diagnosis on sustainability and product-oriented PSS in agricultural machinery companies. Although companies already offer some services to customers, our results show ample opportunities for improvement, especially to offer product-oriented PSS considering socio-environmental issues. In this sense, the conceptual model proposed allows industries to expand their understanding and adherence to product-oriented PSS. As contributions, we demonstrate how the agricultural machinery industry can develop sustainable practices and promote CE through product-oriented PSS implementation.

The relationships between digitalization and ecosystem-related capabilities for service innovation in agricultural machinery manufacturers

Manufacturers seeking to provide smart product-service systems require new sets of capabilities such as digitalization and ecosystem-related capabilities. Studies have investigated these capabilities separately, although it seems to have an unexplored convergence between them. Therefore, this article aims to identify the digitalization and ecosystem-related capabilities of manufacturers in the agricultural machinery industry that are seeking digital servitization and offering smart product-service systems. Moreover, it aims to uncover the relationships among these capabilities to determine their driving and dependence power. A combination of methods was employed to achieve this result. First, a systematic literature review was conducted to define key digitalization and ecosystem-related capabilities. Next, the Interpretive Structural Modelling and fuzzy MICMAC analysis were employed to define the capabilities’ driving power and dependence power. By combining these analyses, we propose a conceptual framework that integrates these two sets of capabilities, which is comprised of three macro-layers: driving, linkage, and dependent. This article contributes to the literature by showing the interrelationships between digitalization and ecosystem-related capabilities. Also, it proposes a conceptual framework that groups capabilities based on their contributions to the development of digital service innovation.

Perception of the sociology of absences in the agricultural machinery industry supply chain

Abstract Studies on supply chain management have been focused on competitiveness from the alignment of suppliers to the company's main strategic interests, with the assumption that this alignment benefits all chains. In this approach, unmet interests of these suppliers are hidden when submitted to the subordination of the main company. This work aimed to understand how the supply chain of the agricultural machinery industry is managed, with the sociology of absences as a category of analysis. This is a descriptive and qualitative approach research, with the participation of six respondents, executives of companies providing implements for the three main agricultural machinery companies in the world. During the research, we sought to connect seven dimensions of supply chain management with the macro-sociological procedure of investigation of the sociology of absences. The results showed that the supply chain management of the agricultural machinery industry promotes the five non-logical existence (monocultures), putting smaller companies' supply chain members in a situation of absence and concealment, disregarding their knowledge and interests.