Abstract With the national energy transition and upgrading, the development of clean energy has attracted significant attention. Among these, agricultural biomass energy plays a crucial role in realizing a low-carbon transition. Taking the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as a case study, this research assesses and analyzes the potential of biomass availability in agricultural waste by introducing net biomass calculation. It also examines the overall characteristics of the spatial distribution of available biomass resources in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region using GIS software. The results indicate that in 2022, the total amount of straw resources in Inner Mongolia will reach 48, 926, 800, 000 tons, with 24, 198, 900, 000 tons of available biomass energy. Additionally, the dry matter content of livestock and poultry waste is estimated at 28, 198, 000, 000 tons, with 14, 233, 200, 200 tons of available biomass energy. Geospatial analysis reveals a decreasing trend in the regional distribution of available biomass resources from the northeast to the southwest. Furthermore, this paper analyzes various biomass utilization methods. It is estimated that biomass resources can reduce carbon emissions by 913.72 tons if used for biomass power generation. Biomass can also be utilized in pyrolysis and gasification processes. Through these conversion technologies, approximately 2562.62 tons of available biomass in the Inner Mongolia region can be converted. In the benefit analysis, the Inner Mongolia region demonstrates a good economic and environmental situation, with an estimated economic benefit and environmental situation, with an estimated economic benefit of about 70-17 million yuan. Overall, agricultural biomass feedstocks in Inner Mongolia hold significant potential for achieving the dual-carbon goals. Relevant departments should intensify their research and development efforts to promote green agriculture and realize sustainable development.