Agencies In Korea Research Articles

A Study to Improve the Stress Management Policy for Firefighters

The National Fire Agency in Korea has implemented various stress management programs for firefighters. However, few studies have focused on the actual effectiveness of these programs. This study thus aimed to explore problems in the psychological counseling system for firefighters, focusing on the case of Jeju Island, and to prepare an efficient operation plan for the system. Survey results indicate that counselors’ lack of understanding of firefighting results in low satisfaction with counseling services, and that firefighters with short service periods require counselors who understand the firefighting profession more than other groups do. In order to overcome these limitations, it is proposed that a counselor’s education program be introduced and that retired firefighters be hired for the psychological counseling program.

A Case Study on Simulation of Water Cycle in a Watershed Considering Artificial Elements such as Agricultural Reservoirs

The National Fire Agency in Korea has implemented various stress management programs for firefighters. However, few studies have focused on the actual effectiveness of these programs. This study thus aimed to explore problems in the psychological counseling system for firefighters, focusing on the case of Jeju Island, and to prepare an efficient operation plan for the system. Survey results indicate that counselors’ lack of understanding of firefighting results in low satisfaction with counseling services, and that firefighters with short service periods require counselors who understand the firefighting profession more than other groups do. In order to overcome these limitations, it is proposed that a counselor’s education program be introduced and that retired firefighters be hired for the psychological counseling program.

물류산업 자원관리 및 운영기술 개발을 위한 추진전략 우선순위 도출 연구

Globally, the industrial structure is changing to respond to digital transformation and climate change, and the logistics industry is also experiencing unprecedented upheaval, away from the existing labor-intensive industry. Currently, 10 high-value-added convergence logistics and delivery infrastructure innovation technology development-related R&D projects are underway under the leadership of the convergence logistics group of the Korea Agency For Infrastructure Technology Advancement to change the status of the domestic logistics industry’s technology development from follower to first mover. However, in this study, a basic study on the priority of implementation strategies for the development of detailed technologies (policy) was conducted based on a survey of logistics experts in relation to the “logistics industry resource management and operation technology development” research project to be additionally carried out. The Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) results of the average of importance and preparedness were placed in four quadrants to analyze the meaning of each sector’s alternatives, and the need to improve items related to the basic foundation such as private data opening, infrastructure construction, legal system improvement, and standardization was derived in the areas of concentration where the importance was high but the preparation was insufficient. However, this study has limitations such as the composition and method of survey respondents due to limited time and budget, so it is inevitable that research will be advanced through follow-up studies in the future.

Deliberative process of health technology reassessment by health technology assessment agency in Korea.

In 2019, the National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA) in Korea established a health technology reassessment (HTR) system to manage the life cycle of health technologies and develop operational measures promoting the efficient use of healthcare resources. The purpose of this study is to introduce the detailed implementation process and practical functional methods of the HTR implemented by NECA.The HTR is a structured multidisciplinary method for analyzing health technologies currently used in the healthcare system based on the latest information on parameters, such as clinical safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of optimizing the use of healthcare resources as well as social and ethical issues. All decision-making stages of the HTR are carefully reviewed and transparently managed. The HTR committee makes significant decisions, and the subcommittee decides the details related to the assessment process.Since the pilot began in 2018, 262 cases have been reassessed, of which, 126 cases (48.1 percent) were health services not covered by the National Health Insurance (NHI). Over the past 5 years, approximately 130 recommendations for the in-use technologies were determined by the HTR committee. In the near future, it will be necessary to officially develop and establish a Korean HTR system and a legal foundation to optimize the NHI system.

코로나19 사태가 우리나라 기업의 직업재이동 현상에 미친 영향

Purpose: This paper aims to explore how job reallocation changes in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. More specifically, the paper calculates 5 job flows (job creation, destruction, reallocation, net employment growth and excess reallocation) and how they increase or decrease after the Covid-19 outbreak and examine whether the within-group reallocation is reinforced after the pandemic. Furthermore, the research estimates the key factors (variables) that bring a change in 5 job flows and what affects the most important job flow, namely excess job reallocation.
 Research design, data, and methodology: The research collects data necessary for empirical analysis from KISVALUE, the firm-level data source provided by NICE, a credit rating agency in Korea. And the paper adopts a standard methodology to generate 5 job flows, which was developed by Davis and Haltiwanger(1992). Also, i t also employs to Differences-in-Differences method to address what brings a change in 5 job flows after the outbreak of the pandemic.
 Results: The paper finds out evidence that there were a slight increase in job reallocation shortly after the pandemic unfolded and however job reallocation was alleviated in 2021 and 2022., which is inconsistent with previous studyies on financial crises (including 1997 financial crisis in Korea). Job reallocation between heterogeneous groups were intensified in the post-pandemic period. Furthermore, key performance indexes such as wage-to-sales ratio, leverage, average borrowing rate, ratio of financial expenditures to sales (or total costs) and net profit explain a increase or an decrease in 5 job flows. Notably, excess reallocation depends on leverage and financial expenditures, meaning that a change in the two variables have heterogeneous effects across industrial sectors.
 Implications: All in all, the main results indicate 3 important implications on job reallocation in the post Covid-19 period. First, Covid-19 is an economic shock that has a temporary effect on the magnitude of job reallocation. Second, although mild, it is a reallocative shock that brings reallocation of jobs across sectors or other groups of firms with different properties. Third, financial reasons such as leverage and financial expenditures are sources that results in job reallocation between 2-digit industrial sectors.

A Novel Ethyl Formate Fumigation Strategy for Managing Yellow Tea Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) in Greenhouse Cultivated Mangoes and Post-Harvest Fruits.

The effects of climate change and shifting consumer preferences for tropical/subtropical mango fruits have accelerated their greenhouse cultivation in South Korea, which has consequently exacerbated the risk of unexpected or exotic insect pest outbreaks. This study used the pest risk analysis (PRA) of greenhouse-cultivated mangoes provided by the Animal & Plant Quarantine Agency in Korea to evaluate the potential of ethyl formate (EF) fumigation as a new pest management strategy against the yellow tea thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis), which is considered a surrogate pest in the thrips group according to the PRA. The efficacy and phytotoxicity of EF were evaluated in greenhouse-cultivated mango tree (Irwin variety) and post-harvest mango fruit scenarios. EF efficacy ranged from 6.25 to 6.89 g∙h/m³ for lethal concentration time (LCt)50 and from 17.10 to 18.18 g∙h/m³ for LCt99, indicating similar efficacy across both scenarios. Application of 10 g/m³ EF for 4 h at 23 °C could effectively control S. dorsalis (100% mortality) without causing phytotoxic damage to the greenhouse-cultivated mango trees, while post-harvest mango fruit fumigation with 15 g/m³ EF for 4 h at 10 °C showed potential for complete disinfestation of S. dorsalis without compromising fruit quality.

Comparison of pharmacogenomic information for drug approvals provided by the national regulatory agencies in Korea, Europe, Japan, and the United States

Pharmacogenomics, which is defined as the study of changes in the properties of DNA and RNA associated with drug response, enables the prediction of the efficacy and adverse effects of drugs based on patients’ specific genetic mutations. For the safe and effective use of drugs, it is important that pharmacogenomic information is easily accessible to clinical experts and patients. Therefore, we examined the pharmacogenomic information provided on drug labels in Korea, Europe, Japan, and the United States (US). The selection of drugs that include pharmacogenomic information was based on the drug list that includes genetic information from the Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) websites. Drug labels were retrieved from the sites of MFDS, FDA, European Medicines Agency, and Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. Drugs were classified as per the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical code, and the biomarkers, labeling sections, and necessity of genetic tests were determined. In total, 348 drugs were selected from 380 drugs with available pharmacogenomic information in Korea and the US after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these drugs, 137, 324, 169, and 126 were with pharmacogenomics information in Korea, the US, Europe, and Japan, respectively. The most commonly represented drug class was antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents. Regarding the classification as per the mentioned biomarkers, the cytochrome P450 enzyme was the most frequently mentioned information, and the targeted anticancer drugs most commonly required genetic biomarker testing. The reasons for differences in drug labeling information based on country include differences in mutant alleles according to ethnicity, frequencies at which drug lists are updated, and pharmacogenomics-related guidelines. Clinical experts must continuously strive to identify and report mutations that can explain drug efficacy or side effects for safe drug use.

한국 신용등급 전이행렬에 대한 시계열성 연구

Many articles offer credit transition matrix is modelled by time-homogeneous Markov Chain. However, some articles in overseas provide the existence of time series patterns and relationship with economic situations in ratings changes. No empirical study regarding systematic approaches for time series analysis among articles related ratings changes in Korea, and that is a reason we conduct this article. This article uses time series data are credit ratings migrations matrices of all three ratings agencies in Korea from 1998 to 2020. We find time series patterns in most of ratings changes, especially rating downgrades changes. Additionally, we propose a time series model that is an autoregressive model and estimate cumulative default rates using a model for ratings changes. Our model shows a better estimated result compared to a simple Markov model.

A Comparative Analysis of Anticancer Drug Appraisals Including Managed Entry Agreements in South Korea and England.

This study aimed to compare appraisal decisions about anticancer drugs between the health technology assessment (HTA) agencies in Korea and England, and investigate whether the decisions and supporting evidence are comparable. This study identified 49 anticancer drugs listed by the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare between January 2014 and December 2019. Of those, 46 anticancer drugs for 58 indications were included for analysis. Official appraisal documents from both countries for 58 drug-indication pairs were compared and assessed in terms of clinical and economic evidence. Evidence items and their groups for analysis were predefined. Three-quarters of cases were recommended with managed entry agreements (MEAs) in England and three-fifths in Korea. Finance-based MEA types were most common in both countries. Korean and English authorities made consistent decisions in 48 cases (83%) when classifying decisions as 'recommended' and 'not recommended', while the degree of agreement lowered to 16 cases (28%) when subdividing decisions according to MEA types. When the evidence base was identical, their decisions were more likely to be consistent. Regarding clinical evidence, while the majority of cases referred to the same pivotal studies, differences between the committees' recognized comparators and the appraisal date caused discrepancies in decisions. Economic evidence, including incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) estimates, was identical in only 12 cases (21%), which contributed to discrepancies. England relies on economic evaluation, with increasing use of data collection agreements, in contrast with Korea's new procedure exempting companies from providing economic evaluation. While there is possibility for international cooperation in the assessment of clinical evidence, transferability issues exist, particularly with regard to economic evidence.

Association between smartphone overdependence and generalized anxiety disorder among Korean adolescents

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the association between smartphone overdependence and generalized anxiety disorder among South Korean adolescents. MethodsParticipants were selected from the Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey 2020. The primary dependent variable was the generalized anxiety disorder that was measured based on seven item instrument (GAD-7). The main exposure of interest was the smartphone overdependence using the integrated scale developed by the National Information Society Agency in Korea. Weighted chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to assess the association between smartphone overdependence and generalized anxiety disorder. ResultsThe final participants comprised of 54,948 middle and high school students. 13,775 students (25.1 %) were classified as the smartphone overdependence group. Of those who reported overly dependent on smartphones, 2803 students (20.3 %) had generalized anxiety disorder. The risk for generalized anxiety disorder were 2.15 folds (95 % CI 2.01–2.30) higher among the overdependence group in compared to their counterparts. Specifically, the risk for generalized anxiety disorder increased when smartphone has negatively affected relationships with friends and colleagues (OR: 2.35, 95 % CI 2.08–2.64). The sensitivity of smartphone overdependence scale was verified and the risk for generalized anxiety disorder increased in magnitude with the severity of smartphone overdependence. ConclusionThe findings of the study showed significant association between smartphone overdependence and generalized anxiety disorder among South Korean adolescents. The negative changes in social relationships due to excessive smartphone use and the severity of overdependence accounted for the risk for generalized anxiety disorder.

FINANCIAL LITERACY, LIFESTYLE, CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR K-POP FANS IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC WITH RELIGIOSITY AS MODERATING VARIABLE

Increased consumption of Korean goods and products as well as travel to South Korea along with K-Pop which is increasingly known to the world. This consumption behavior, one of which can be seen through the lifestyle of Korean idol fans. Unfortunately, since the COVID-19 pandemic, many loss-making companies are no exception to entertainment agencies in Korea. However, the agencies that house K-pop idols are not lost their minds and are starting to build innovations by releasing a lot of content remotely. Although K-Pop content has grown and can be reached online, in fact not all K-pop fans can consume the content as before. This is due to a decrease in their pocket money or income during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aims to find out whether the quality of financial literacy, lifestyle, and religiosity of K-Pop fans can affect their consumption behavior in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. The population of the study was a follower of the @everydays_quran Twitter account of 472 people and sampled 217 people with simple random sampling techniques using the Slowin formula. The data was obtained through the results of questionnaires distributed through Google Form. This study uses Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis techniques with the help of SmartPLS 3 software. The results of this study showed that 1) financial literacy had a significant effect on consumption behavior, 2) lifestyle had a significant effect on consumption behavior, 3) religiosity had no significant effect on consumption behavior, 4) religiosity could not moderate the influence of financial literacy on consumption behavior, and 5) religiosity could moderate lifestyle influences on consumption behavior.

Developing a logic model for implementing citizen advocacy for adults with learning disabilities based on the experience of community inclusion centres for disabled people

PurposeSeveral leading agencies in Korea are interested in citizen advocacy as one way of supporting people with learning disabilities. Therefore, several social welfare organisations require citizen advocacy guidance. This study aims to propose a logic model in the Korean context through responses from leading practitioners.Design/methodology/approachThe logic model was explained to the middle-level practitioners of five community inclusion centres for disabled people who were leading the way in implementing citizen advocacy. After completing a form, the logic model was constructed through analysis.FindingsResources, activities, outputs, outcomes and impact that constitute the logic model framework were addressed. These contents are related to those using and supporting citizen advocacy, such as people with learning disabilities, their families, citizen advocates, service agencies and communities.Originality/valueThe logic model of citizen advocacy was constructed by reflecting the Korean context; thus, laying the foundation for implementing citizen advocacy nationwide.

Determinants of selection behavior in online distribution channels for fresh food

AbstractThis study examines the core factors that determine consumer choices of distribution channels for fresh food during the COVID‐19 pandemic, focusing on online distribution channels and the substitution patterns between online and offline distribution channels. Using 1436 responses to a survey conducted by Gallup Korea, a specialized survey agency in Korea, we adopted a multivariate probit model for the empirical analysis. The results show that consumers who pursued ease of use or had high awareness of online food delivery tended to choose online distribution channels for fresh food, unlike consumers who were sensitive to high quality or low prices. Consumers with high consumer spending, who are living in Seoul or a metropolitan area, have children of 10 years old or younger, and have a high educational level had positive relationships with the choice of an online distribution channel. Additionally, the estimates of the variance‐covariance matrix showed a complementary relationship between large markets and small and medium‐sized markets, with the possibility of a weak substitution effect between small and medium‐sized markets and online distribution channels.

Identifying Key Elements for Establishing Sustainable Conventions and Exhibitions: Use of the Delphi and AHP Approaches

The purpose of this study was to explore, by employing the Delphi method, key indicators and factors for establishing sustainable conventions and exhibitions (C&E) events in a destination in lieu of holding one-off events. In addition, the identified factors for establishing sustainable C&E events were assessed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with a multi-group approach. First, internal and external factors that impact continuous hosting of C&E events in a destination were identified in previous research and reviewed. Second, three stages of Delphi surveys were conducted with three groups of experts in the C&E industry (academic scholars, industry experts, and government agencies in Korea). Third, data were analyzed from 35 and 29 participants in the first and second Delphi rounds, respectively, as well as from 17 panelists in the subsequent AHP analysis. A total of 33 indicators were developed and categorized into five factors for continuity of regional C&E efforts: event contents and capabilities, organizers and support/sponsorship, impacts, facilities in venues and destinations, and the local event environment. Furthermore, all three participant groups reached agreement in rating event contents and capabilities as the most important factor, with the local event environment as the second most important factor in achieving sustainable regional C&E. However, the opinion of government agencies for the third and fourth most important factors differed from that of the other two groups. The current study contributes to the understanding of the under-investigated area of sustainable C&E. Based on these findings, host destinations can establish innovative strategies for sustaining C&E as a long-lasting legacy.

Characteristics of completed suicide caused by mental illness: using 6-year data from Gangwon provincial police agency in Korea

Characteristics of completed suicide caused by mental illness: using 6-year data from Gangwon provincial police agency in Korea

Customer Churn Prediction in Influencer Commerce: An Application of Decision Trees

This study aims to predict customer churn in influencer commerce. As influencer commerce is a form of e-commerce, influencers directly sell products by uploading website links on their social media account after they promote products through SNS. The role of influencers is to promote brands and/or products on their social media accounts such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. Recently, this role has expanded as a seller. This study implements the customer churn prediction based on the assumption that influencers have passionate support from their followers. The data collected by the influencer marketing agency in Korea from August 2018 to October 2020 includes the purchase details such as customer information, purchase item, and payment amount. In order to predict the churning customers, we apply the Decision Trees (DT) algorithm by using the computer software program, Rapidminer. Our analysis result shows the maximum prediction accuracy is 90% based on F-measure. This study contributes to customer churn prediction from the perspective of influencers.

An Empirical Study for the Effect of CSR Performance on Tax Avoidance: The Case Of South Korea

Purpose - The primary objective of this paper is to empirically examine whether the engagement of socially responsible activities in corporations affect the tendency of tax-avoidance by using the sample of Korean companies. We are particularly interested in Chaebol-affiliated firms, which are a special type of Korean conglomerates. Design/methodology/approach - This study is based on a sample of 5,496 firm-year observation data from 2011 to 2017 by using the ESG ratings from the Korea Corporate Governance Service(KCGS), a ESG rating agency in Korea. For our analysis, the firms were separated into 1,547 Chaebol-affiliated firms and other 3,949 firms. All financial and firm data were extracted from Fn-guide, which provides financial information for Korean listed firms. Findings We find that CSR is generally positively related to the effective tax rate, which indicates a lower level of tax avoidance for more socially responsible firms. In particular, a positive relationship of social score with GAAP ETR was observed. Research implications or Originality We find that the positive relationship is robust to the group of chaebol and non-chaebol affiliates unlike extant literature

Occupational health nurses' personal attitudes toward smoking: A cross-sectional study.

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate if experience in smoking intervention training influences attitudes toward smoking, discuss the role of health management programs of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises, and analyze the current attitude of occupational health nurses regarding the hazards of smoking and responsibility to smokers to effectively facilitate smoking cessation support programs.MethodsWe conducted an anonymous self‐administered cross‐sectional survey of 108 nurses employed in occupational health services outsourcing specialized agency in Korea. We assessed the difference in attitude about smoking according to training experience in smoking interventions and perceived competence in counseling smokers using chi‐square test and Fisher's exact test.ResultsOccupational health nurses with the training experience of smoking interventions tend to perceive the harmful effects of smoking more seriously, compared to occupational health nurses without the training experience (P = .024, Fisher's exact test) and the OHSO nurses with the training experience tend to have professional ethics as health care professionals (P = .017, Fisher's exact test). Occupational health nurses having expertise in smoking cessation counseling tended to have professional ethics (P = .047, Fisher's exact test) and social responsibility as health care professionals (P = .022, Fisher's exact test).ConclusionThe occupational health nurses with training experience and expertise in smoking cessation counseling perceive the harmful effects of smoking more strongly and can enhance their professional ethics and social responsibility as health care professionals.

A Comparative Study of Entrepreneurial Leadership and Organizational Culture Oriented toward Innovation in Central Government Agencies, Public Enterprises, and Executive Agencies

Research indicates that entrepreneurial leadership is positively related to organizational innovation among central government agencies, public enterprises, and executive agencies in Korea. In addition, a performanceoriented with a humane orientation supports organizational innovation, while hierarchical culture has a negative impact on organizational innovation in Korean public sectors. Among organization types, only central government agencies have been found to have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between performance-oriented culture and organizational innovation. Given that public enterprise is more market-based and that executive agencies have great autonomy in budgeting and personnel to ensure the maximization of performance, central government agencies should adopt more practices designed to improve performance in a positive work culture.

Grup BTS Menembus Pasar Musik Amerika Serikat : Pendekatan Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Big Hit Entertainment pada Global Fandom

Market research is important in business, furthermore, market research is considered a way of creating effective strategies and as a basis for consideration in marketing decision making. One of the goals in market research is always oriented towards creating relationships between corporate with customers or known as Customer Relationship Management (CRM). The CRM approach combines the policies, processes, and strategies that the company uses to interact with customers and also to track customer information. Related business, South Korea has become an influential country in the world because of the K-pop music business. Big Hit Entertainment which is the smallest agency in Korea has spawned the most phenomenal idol group idols are BTS to penetrate the international market especially the United States. Big Hit Entertainment is always consistent with various market research approaches CRM in particular. This paper will discuss how Big Hit Entertainment performs various Customer Relationship Management (CRM) strategies in increasing ARMY loyalty as a BTS fan and elaborating communication global marketing. The author will explain the conceptual approach related to CRM and its relationship to market research. Furthermore, the discussion will be classified in several sub-discussion. First, it will describe BTS as a product of Big Hit Entertainment's business. Second, discuss the market research approach of Big Hit Entertainment. Third, customer research through Membership Survey of BTS. Fourth, form of Big Hit Entertainment CRM approach. Fifth offers CRM development in Big Hit market review in the future.